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Regulatory Capital | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2019
Regulatory Capital Requirements [Abstract] |
Regulatory Capital | Regulatory Capital The Corporation and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by Federal and the State of Wisconsin banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions on the part of regulators, that if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory practices. The Corporation’s and the Bank’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. The Corporation regularly reviews and updates, when appropriate, its Capital and Liquidity Action Plan, which is designed to help ensure appropriate capital adequacy, to plan for future capital needs, and to ensure that the Corporation serves as a source of financial strength to the Bank. The Corporation’s and the Bank’s Boards of Directors and management teams adhere to the appropriate regulatory guidelines on decisions which affect their respective capital positions, including but not limited to, decisions relating to the payment of dividends and increasing indebtedness. As a bank holding company, the Corporation’s ability to pay dividends is affected by the policies and enforcement powers of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve system (the “Federal Reserve” or “FRB”). Federal Reserve guidance urges financial institutions to strongly consider eliminating, deferring, or significantly reducing dividends if: (i) net income available to common stockholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund the dividend; (ii) the prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with the bank holding company’s capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition; or (iii) the bank holding company will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, its minimum regulatory capital ratios. Management intends, when appropriate under regulatory guidelines, to consult with the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and provide it with information on the Corporation’s then-current and prospective earnings and capital position in advance of declaring any cash dividends. As a Wisconsin corporation, the Corporation is subject to the limitations of the Wisconsin Business Corporation Law, which prohibit the Corporation from paying dividends if such payment would: (i) render the Corporation unable to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or (ii) result in the Corporation’s assets being less than the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of any stockholders with preferential rights superior to those stockholders receiving the dividend. The Bank is also subject to certain legal, regulatory, and other restrictions on their ability to pay dividends to the Corporation. As a bank holding company, the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Corporation is one of the sources of funds the Corporation could use to pay dividends, if any, in the future and to make other payments. Future dividend decisions by the Bank and the Corporation will continue to be subject to compliance with various legal, regulatory, and other restrictions as defined from time to time. Qualitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Corporation and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of Total Common Equity Tier 1 and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to adjusted total assets. These risk-based capital requirements presently address credit risk related to both recorded and off-balance sheet commitments and obligations. In July 2013, the FRB and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation approved the final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. banks. These rules are applicable to all financial institutions that are subject to minimum capital requirements, including federal and state banks and savings and loan associations, as well as bank and savings and loan holding companies other than “small bank holding companies” (generally bank holding companies with consolidated assets of less than $1 billion). Under the final rules, minimum requirements increased for both the quantity and quality of capital held by the Corporation. The rules include a new Common Equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets minimum ratio of 4.5%, raise the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4.0% to 6.0%, require a minimum ratio of Total Capital to risk-weighted assets of 8.0%, and require a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. The rules also permit banking organizations with less than $15 billion in assets to retain, through a one-time election, the past treatment for accumulated other comprehensive income, which did not affect regulatory capital. The Corporation elected to retain this treatment, which reduces the volatility of regulatory capital ratios. A new capital conservation buffer, comprised of Common Equity Tier 1 capital, was also established above the regulatory minimum capital requirements. This capital conservation buffer was phased in beginning January 1, 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increased each subsequent year by an additional 0.625% until reaching its final level of 2.5% on January 1, 2019. In August 2018, the Federal Reserve published a final rule revising the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement (“Policy Statement”) that raised the total consolidated asset limit from $1 billion to $3 billion. Based on the criteria in the Policy Statement, effective immediately, the Corporation is no longer subject to the capital requirements of the Basel III Rule and is deemed to be “well-capitalized”. Therefore, the consolidated capital ratios have been excluded from the tables below. Additionally, the Corporation is no longer required to file quarterly consolidated holding company reports with the Federal Reserve. Beginning December 31, 2018, the Corporation is required to submit holding company only reports on a bi-annual basis. As of March 31, 2019, the Bank’s capital levels remained characterized as well capitalized under the regulatory framework. The following tables summarize the Bank’s capital ratios and the ratios required by its federal regulator:
|  | As of March 31, 2019
|  | Actual |  | Minimum Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes |  | For Capital Adequacy Purposes Plus Capital Conservation Buffer |  | Minimum Required to Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Requirements
|  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
|  | (Dollars in Thousands)
First Business Bank |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | $ | 224,649 |  |  | 11.83 | % |  | $ | 151,978 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | $ | 199,472 |  |  | 10.50 | % |  | $ | 189,973 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 200,924 |  |  | 10.58 |  |  | 113,984 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | 161,477 |  |  | 8.50 |  |  | 151,978 |  |  | 8.00 |
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 200,924 |  |  | 10.58 |  |  | 85,488 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | 132,981 |  |  | 7.00 |  |  | 123,482 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier 1 leverage capital (to adjusted assets) |  | 200,924 |  |  | 10.28 |  |  | 78,152 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 78,152 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 97,691 |  |  | 5.00 |
|  | As of December 31, 2018
|  | Actual |  | Minimum Required for Capital Adequacy Purposes |  | For Capital Adequacy Purposes Plus Capital Conservation Buffer |  | Minimum Required to Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Requirements
|  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
|  | (Dollars in Thousands)
First Business Bank |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | $ | 220,474 |  |  | 11.49 | % |  | $ | 153,456 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | $ | 189,422 |  |  | 9.875 | % |  | $ | 191,820 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 197,093 |  |  | 10.27 |  |  | 115,092 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | 151,058 |  |  | 7.875 |  |  | 153,456 |  |  | 8.00 |
Common equity tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets) |  | 197,093 |  |  | 10.27 |  |  | 86,319 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | 122,285 |  |  | 6.375 |  |  | 124,683 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier 1 leverage capital (to adjusted assets) |  | 197,093 |  |  | 10.20 |  |  | 77,301 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 77,301 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 96,626 |  |  | 5.00 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for banks, savings institutions, and credit unions, for regulatory capital requirements imposed by the Federal Reserve System (FRB), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) or for any state imposed capital requirements, as applicable. The disclosure may include (1) a description of regulatory capital requirements (a) for capital adequacy purposes and (b) established by the prompt corrective action provisions of Section 38 of the Federal Depository Insurance Act; (2) the actual or possible material effects of noncompliance with such requirements; (3) whether the entity is in compliance with the regulatory capital requirements including (a) required and actual ratios and amounts of Tier 1 leverage, Tier 1 risk-based, and total risk-based capital, tangible capital (for savings institutions), and Tier 3 capital for market risk (for certain banks and bank holding companies), (b) factors that may significantly affect capital adequacy; (4) the prompt corrective action category in which the entity was classified as of its most recent notification; (5) whether management believes any conditions or events since notification have changed the entity's category. Also may include additional information that might be disclosed in situations where substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1C -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958572-112826 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1D -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958573-112826 Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1B -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958570-112826 Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958569-112826 Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1G -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958577-112826 Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1F -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958575-112826 Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1E -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958574-112826 Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=SL5958568-112826 Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 942 -SubTopic 505 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1H -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84167132&loc=d3e65071-112826 + Details
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