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Summary of Significant Accounting Polices (Polices) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation | Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The accompanying financial statements and the related disclosures are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Additionally, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the Company’s annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted from this report. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022 and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (the “2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, including those adjustments that are of a normal and recurring nature, which are necessary to fairly present the Company’s results for the interim periods presented. The results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year ending December 31, 2023 or for any future period. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Astria Securities Corporation and Quellis Biosciences, LLC, successor in interest to Quellis. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates | Use of Estimates The preparation of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from such estimates. The Company utilizes certain estimates to record expenses relating to research and development contracts. These contract estimates, which are primarily related to the length of service of each contract and the amount of service provided as of each measurement date, are determined by the Company based on input from internal project management, as well as from the Company’s service providers.
Net Loss Per Share | Net Loss Per Share Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for common stock equivalents. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by adjusting weighted average shares outstanding for the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period, determined using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of the Company’s dilutive net loss per share calculation, preferred stock, stock options and warrants to purchase common stock were considered to be common stock equivalents but were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive; therefore, basic and diluted net loss per share were the same for all periods presented. The following common stock equivalents, including Series X Preferred Stock shown as common stock equivalents, were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Series X Preferred Stock | ​ | 5,184,591 | ​ | 5,242,501
Stock options |  | 3,321,448 |  | 2,237,948
Common stock warrants |  | 331,858 |  | 1,530,176
​ | ​ | 8,837,897 | ​ | 9,010,625
​
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash | Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash, with original maturities of three months or less and reverse repurchase agreements with a maturity period of one business day at the time of purchase. Cash equivalents are mainly comprised of money market accounts invested in U.S. Treasury securities, corporate debt securities, commercial paper and reverse repurchase agreements with a maturity period of one business day at the time of purchase. Restricted cash is comprised of deposits with a financial institution used to collateralize letters of credit related to the Company’s lease arrangements. Restricted cash is presented as a component of prepaid expenses and other current assets at September 30, 2023 and other long-term assets at September 30, 2022. The reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the applicable condensed consolidated balance sheet that sum to the total of the same such amount shown in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows is as follows (in thousands): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | September 30,
​ |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Cash and cash equivalents | ​ | $ | 119,806 | ​ | $ | 45,972
Restricted cash | ​ | ​ | 163 | ​ | ​ | 163
Total | ​ | $ | 119,969 | ​ | $ | 46,135
​
Preferred Stock Discount | Preferred Stock Discount In February 2021, the Company issued Series X Preferred Stock in a private placement transaction. It was determined that this transaction resulted in recognition of a beneficial conversion feature, which was valued based on the difference between the price of the shares of common stock on the date of commitment and the conversion price on the closing date, resulting in a total value of $19.6 million. Additionally, the Company incurred total issuance costs of $5.7 million related to the private placement. Both of these features were recorded as a discount on Series X Preferred Stock recognized at the close of the transaction. These features are analogous to preferred dividends and are recorded as a non-cash return to holders of Series X Preferred Stock through additional paid in capital. The discount related to the beneficial conversion feature was recognized through the earliest possible date of conversion, which occurred in June 2021. The issuance costs are recognized as a dividend at the time of conversion to shares of common stock. As of September 30, 2023, $24.4 million of the above amounts were accounted for as a non-cash dividend related to shares of Series X Preferred Stock, and $0.9 million remained to be recognized upon future conversion.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted | Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326). This standard requires a financial asset to be presented at amortized cost basis at the net amount expected to be collected. It also requires that credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities should be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued an amendment making this standard effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022 for smaller reporting companies. Early adoption was permitted. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2023 with no material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Not Yet Adopted | Recent Accounting Pronouncements – Not Yet Adopted In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) (“ASU 2020-06”), which reduces the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock as well as amends the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company believes that ASU 2020-06 will not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations upon adoption.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, and there were no significant changes to such policies in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 that had a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

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