<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-23-127743.txt : 20231220
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-23-127743.hdr.sgml : 20231220
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20231220163029
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-23-127743
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20231214
ITEM INFORMATION:		Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers: Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20231220
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20231220

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Astria Therapeutics, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001454789
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-37467
		FILM NUMBER:		231501665

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		75 STATE STREET
		STREET 2:		SUITE 1400
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02109
		BUSINESS PHONE:		617-349-1971

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		75 STATE STREET
		STREET 2:		SUITE 1400
		CITY:			BOSTON
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02109

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CATABASIS PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20090127
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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES<br />
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</b></p>

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<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>(Former Name or Former Address, if Changed
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">Check the appropriate box below if the Form&#160;8-K
filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b>Securities registered
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in; background-color: white">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; background-color: white">Indicate by check mark
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this chapter) or Rule&#160;12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167; 240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; background-color: white"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">If
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 10%"><b>Item 5.02</b></td><td style="width: 90%"><b>Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of
Certain Officers.</b></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">On December&#160;14, 2023, the Board of Directors of Astria
Therapeutics, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) approved an amendment to the Company&#8217;s 2022 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan (the
&#8220;Inducement Plan&#8221;) to increase the number of shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the
&#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), reserved for issuance thereunder from 700,000 shares of Common Stock to 1,700,000 shares of Common
Stock. After taking into account the amendment to the Inducement Plan, the Company currently has 1,012,100 shares of Common Stock
available for the grant of stock awards (as defined below) under the Inducement Plan.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The amendment to the Inducement Plan was adopted without stockholder
approval pursuant to Rule&#160;5635(c)(4)&#160;of the Nasdaq Listing Rules. The Inducement Plan provides for the grant of nonstatutory
stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other stock-based awards (collectively, the &#8220;stock
awards&#8221;). Stock awards under the Inducement Plan may only be granted to persons who (a)&#160;were not previously an employee or
director of the Company or (b)&#160;are commencing employment with the Company following a bona fide period of non-employment, in either
case as an inducement material to the individual&#8217;s entering into employment with the Company and in accordance with the requirements
of Nasdaq Stock Market Rule&#160;5635(c)(4).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A copy of the Inducement Plan, as amended, is attached as Exhibit&#160;99.1
hereto and incorporated by reference herein.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 10%; text-align: left"><b>Item&#8239;<b>9.01</b></b></td><td style="text-align: justify; width: 90%"><b>Financial Statements
                                            and Exhibits.</b></td>
</tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(d)&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Exhibits</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Exhibit&#160;<br />
Number</span></b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 88%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">Description</span></b></span></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="tm2333323d1_ex99-1.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="tm2333323d1_ex99-1.htm"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2022 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan, as amended</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cover Page&#160;Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><b>Astria
                                            Therapeutics</b></span><b><span style="font-size: 10pt">,&#160;INC.</span></b></td>
</tr><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td colspan="2" style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="text-align: left; width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:</span></td>
<td style="text-align: left; width: 46%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">December&#160;20,
2023</span></td><td style="text-align: justify; width: 3%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
                                        <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: justify; width: 46%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
                                        Ben Harshbarger</span></td></tr>
     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
                                        <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ben
                                        Harshbarger</span></td></tr>
     <tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
                                        <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Chief Legal Officer</span></td></tr>
     </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<TYPE>EX-99.1
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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><IMG SRC="tm2333323d1_ex99-1img001.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 58px; width: 150px"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">ASTRIA THERAPEUTICS,&nbsp;INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">2022 INDUCEMENT STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1. <U>Purpose</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The purpose of this 2022 Inducement Stock Incentive
Plan (the &ldquo;<B>Plan</B>&rdquo;) of Astria Therapeutics,&nbsp;Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), is
to advance the interests of the Company&rsquo;s stockholders by enhancing the Company&rsquo;s ability to attract, retain and motivate
persons who are expected to make important contributions to the Company with an inducement material for such persons to enter into employment
with the Company and by providing such persons with equity ownership opportunities and performance-based incentives that are intended
to better align the interests of such persons with those of the Company&rsquo;s stockholders. Except where the context otherwise requires,
the term &ldquo;Company&rdquo; shall include any of the Company&rsquo;s present or future parent or subsidiary corporations as defined
in Sections 424(e)&nbsp;or (f)&nbsp;of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any regulations thereunder (the &ldquo;<B>Code</B>&rdquo;)
and any other business venture (including, without limitation, joint venture or limited liability company) in which the Company has a
controlling interest, as determined by the Board of Directors of the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Board</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2. <U>Eligibility</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Awards under the Plan may only be granted to persons
who (a)&nbsp;were not previously an employee or director of the Company or (b)&nbsp;are commencing employment with the Company following
a bona fide period of non-employment, in either case as an inducement material to the individual&rsquo;s entering into employment with
the Company and in accordance with the requirements of Nasdaq Stock Market Rule&nbsp;5635(c)(4). For the avoidance of doubt, neither consultants
nor advisors shall be eligible to participate in the Plan. Each person who is granted an Award under the Plan is deemed a &ldquo;Participant.&rdquo;
The Plan provides for the following types of awards, each of which is referred to as an &ldquo;Award&rdquo;: Options (as defined in Section&nbsp;5),
SARs (as defined in Section&nbsp;6), Restricted Stock (as defined in Section&nbsp;7), Restricted Stock Units (as defined in Section&nbsp;7)
and Other Stock-Based Awards (as defined in Section&nbsp;8).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3. <U>Administration and Delegation</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Administration by Board of Directors</U>.
The Plan will be administered by the Board. The Board shall have authority to grant Awards and to adopt, amend and repeal such administrative
rules, guidelines and practices relating to the Plan as it shall deem advisable. The Board may construe and interpret the terms of the
Plan and any Award agreements entered into under the Plan. The Board may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency
in the Plan or any Award in the manner and to the extent it shall deem expedient and it shall be the sole and final judge of such expediency.
All decisions by the Board with respect to the Plan and any Awards shall be made in the Board&rsquo;s sole discretion and shall be final
and binding on all persons having or claiming any interest in the Plan or in any Award. The Board may delegate administration of the Plan
to a Committee or Committees (as defined in Section&nbsp;3(b)), as provided in Section&nbsp;3(b). Notwithstanding the foregoing or anything
in the Plan to the contrary, the grant of any Award under the Plan must be approved by the Company&rsquo;s independent compensation committee
or a majority of the Company&rsquo;s independent directors (as defined in Nasdaq Stock Market Rule&nbsp;5605(a)(2)) in order to comply
with the exemption from the stockholder approval requirement for &ldquo;inducement grants&rdquo; provided under Nasdaq Stock Market Rule&nbsp;5635(c)(4).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Appointment of Committees</U>. To the
extent permitted by applicable law, the Board may delegate any or all of its powers under the Plan to one or more committees or subcommittees
of the Board (a &ldquo;<B>Committee</B>&rdquo;). All references in the Plan to the &ldquo;Board&rdquo; shall mean the Board or a Committee
of the Board or the officers referred to in Section&nbsp;3(c)&nbsp;to the extent that the Board&rsquo;s powers or authority under the
Plan have been delegated to such Committee or officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Delegation to Officers</U>. Subject
to any requirements of applicable law (including as applicable Sections 152 and 157(c)&nbsp;of the General Corporation Law of the State
of Delaware) and applicable Nasdaq Stock Market rules, the Board may delegate to one or more officers of the Company the power to grant
Awards (subject to any limitations under the Plan) officers of the Company and to exercise such other powers under the Plan as the Board
may determine, provided that the Board shall fix the terms of Awards to be granted by such officers, the maximum number of shares subject
to Awards that the officers may grant, and the time period in which such Awards may be granted; and provided further, that no officer
shall be authorized to grant Awards to any &ldquo;executive officer&rdquo; of the Company (as defined in Rule&nbsp;3b-7 under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;)) or to any &ldquo;officer&rdquo; of the Company (as defined by Rule&nbsp;16a-1(f)&nbsp;under
the Exchange Act).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4. <U>Stock Available for Awards</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Number of Shares; Share Counting</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(1)&nbsp;<U>Authorized Number of Shares</U>. Subject
to adjustment under Section&nbsp;9, Awards may be made under the Plan for up to 1,700,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per
share, of the Company (the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;). Shares issued under the Plan may consist in whole or in part of authorized but
unissued shares or treasury shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(2)&nbsp;<U>Share Counting</U>. For purposes of counting
the number of shares available for the grant of Awards under the Plan:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">(A)&nbsp;all shares of Common Stock covered by
SARs shall be counted against the number of shares available for the grant of Awards under the Plan; provided, however, that (i)&nbsp;SARs
that may be settled only in cash shall not be so counted and (ii)&nbsp;if the Company grants an SAR in tandem with an Option for the same
number of shares of Common Stock and provides that only one such Award may be exercised (a &ldquo;<B>Tandem SAR</B>&rdquo;), only the
shares covered by the Option, and not the shares covered by the Tandem SAR, shall be so counted, and the expiration of one in connection
with the other&rsquo;s exercise will not restore shares to the Plan;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">(B)&nbsp;if any Award (i)&nbsp;expires or is terminated,
surrendered or canceled without having been fully exercised or is forfeited in whole or in part (including as the result of shares of
Common Stock subject to such Award being repurchased by the Company at the original issuance price pursuant to a contractual repurchase
right) or (ii)&nbsp;results in any Common Stock not being issued (including as a result of an SAR that was settleable either in cash or
in stock actually being settled in cash), the unused Common Stock covered by such Award shall again be available for the grant of Awards;
provided, however, that (1)&nbsp;in the case of the exercise of an SAR, the number of shares counted against the shares available under
the Plan shall be the full number of shares subject to the SAR multiplied by the percentage of the SAR actually exercised, regardless
of the number of shares actually used to settle such SAR upon exercise and (2)&nbsp;the shares covered by a Tandem SAR shall not again
become available for grant upon the expiration or termination of such Tandem SAR; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">(C)&nbsp;shares of Common Stock delivered (either
by actual delivery, attestation, or net exercise) to the Company by a Participant to (i)&nbsp;purchase shares of Common Stock upon the
exercise of an Award or (ii)&nbsp;satisfy tax withholding obligations with respect to Awards (including shares retained from the Award
creating the tax obligation) shall be added back to the number of shares available for the future grant of Awards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">5. <U>Stock Options</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>General</U>. The Board may grant options
to purchase Common Stock (each, an &ldquo;<B>Option</B>&rdquo;) and determine the number of shares of Common Stock to be covered by each
Option, the exercise price of each Option and the conditions and limitations applicable to the exercise of each Option, including conditions
relating to applicable federal or state securities laws, as it considers necessary or advisable. All Options under the Plan shall be Nonstatutory
Stock Options. A &ldquo;Nonstatutory Stock Option&rdquo; is an Option which is not intended to be an &ldquo;incentive share option&rdquo;
within the meaning of Section&nbsp;422 of the Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Exercise Price</U>. The Board shall
establish the exercise price of each Option and specify the exercise price in the applicable Option agreement. The exercise price shall
be not less than 100% of the Grant Date Fair Market Value (as defined below) of the Common Stock on the date the Option is granted; provided
that if the Board approves the grant of an Option with an exercise price to be determined on a future date, the exercise price shall be
not less than 100% of the Grant Date Fair Market Value on such future date. &ldquo;<B>Grant Date Fair Market Value</B>&rdquo; of a share
of Common Stock for purposes of the Plan will be determined as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(1)&nbsp;if the Common Stock trades on a national
securities exchange, the closing sale price (for the primary trading session) on the date of grant; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(2)&nbsp;if the Common Stock does not trade on any
such exchange, the average of the closing bid and asked prices on the date of grant as reported by an over-the-counter marketplace designated
by the Board; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(3)&nbsp;if the Common Stock is not publicly traded,
the Board will determine the Grant Date Fair Market Value for purposes of the Plan using any measure of value it determines to be appropriate
(including, as it considers appropriate, relying on appraisals) in a manner consistent with the valuation principles under Code Section&nbsp;409A.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For any date that is not a trading day, the Grant
Date Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock for such date will be determined by using the closing sale price or average of the bid
and asked prices, as appropriate, for the immediately preceding trading day and with the timing in the formulas above adjusted accordingly.
The Board can substitute a particular time of day or other measure of &ldquo;closing sale price&rdquo; or &ldquo;bid and asked prices&rdquo;
if appropriate because of exchange or market procedures or can, in its sole discretion, use weighted averages either on a daily basis
or such longer period as is consistent with Code Section&nbsp;409A.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board has sole discretion to determine the
Grant Date Fair Market Value for purposes of the Plan, and all Awards are conditioned on the participants&rsquo; agreement that the Board&rsquo;s
determination is conclusive and binding even though others might make a different determination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Duration of Options</U>. Each Option
shall be exercisable at such times and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board may specify in the applicable Option agreement;
provided, however, that no Option will be granted with a term in excess of 10 years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Exercise of Options</U>. Options may
be exercised by delivery to the Company of a notice of exercise in a form (which may be electronic) approved by the Company, together
with payment in full (in the manner specified in Section&nbsp;5(e)) of the exercise price for the number of shares for which the Option
is exercised. Shares of Common Stock subject to the Option will be delivered by the Company as soon as practicable following exercise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Payment Upon Exercise</U>. Common Stock
purchased upon the exercise of an Option granted under the Plan shall be paid for as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(1)&nbsp;in cash or by check, payable to the order
of the Company;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(2)&nbsp;except as may otherwise be provided in the
applicable Option agreement or approved by the Board, in its sole discretion, by (i)&nbsp;delivery of an irrevocable and unconditional
undertaking by a creditworthy broker to deliver promptly to the Company sufficient funds to pay the exercise price and any required tax
withholding or (ii)&nbsp;delivery by the Participant to the Company of a copy of irrevocable and unconditional instructions to a creditworthy
broker to deliver promptly to the Company cash or a check sufficient to pay the exercise price and any required tax withholding;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(3)&nbsp;to the extent provided for in the applicable
Option agreement or approved by the Board, in its sole discretion and subject to compliance with applicable law, by delivery (either by
actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock owned by the Participant valued at their fair market value (valued in the manner
determined by (or in the manner approved by) the Board), provided (i)&nbsp;such method of payment is then permitted under applicable law,
(ii)&nbsp;such Common Stock, if acquired directly from the Company, was owned by the Participant for such minimum period of time, if any,
as may be established by the Board in its discretion and (iii)&nbsp;such Common Stock is not subject to any repurchase, forfeiture, unfulfilled
vesting or other similar requirements;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(4)&nbsp;to the extent provided for in the applicable
Nonstatutory Stock Option agreement or approved by the Board in its sole discretion and subject to compliance with applicable law, by
delivery of a notice of &ldquo;net exercise&rdquo; to the Company, as a result of which the Participant would receive (i)&nbsp;the number
of shares underlying the portion of the Option being exercised, less (ii)&nbsp;such number of shares as is equal to (A)&nbsp;the aggregate
exercise price for the portion of the Option being exercised divided by (B)&nbsp;the fair market value of a share of Common Stock (valued
in the manner determined by (or in the manner approved by) the Board) on the date of exercise;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(5)&nbsp;to the extent permitted by applicable law
and provided for in the applicable Option agreement or approved by the Board, in its sole discretion, by payment of such other lawful
consideration as the Board may determine; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(6)&nbsp;by any combination of the above permitted
forms of payment, as approved by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Limitation on Repricing</U>. Unless
such action is approved by the Company&rsquo;s stockholders, the Company may not (except as provided for under Section&nbsp;9): (1)&nbsp;amend
any outstanding Option granted under the Plan to provide an exercise price per share that is lower than the then-current exercise price
per share of such outstanding Option, (2)&nbsp;cancel any outstanding option (whether or not granted under the Plan) and grant in substitution
therefor new Awards under the Plan covering the same or a different number of shares of Common Stock and having an exercise price per
share lower than the then-current exercise price per share of the cancelled option, (3)&nbsp;cancel in exchange for a cash payment any
outstanding Option with an exercise price per share above the then-current fair market value of a share of Common Stock (valued in the
manner determined by (or in the manner approved by) the Board), or (4)&nbsp;take any other action under the Plan that constitutes a &ldquo;repricing&rdquo;
within the meaning of the rules&nbsp;of the Nasdaq Stock Market (&ldquo;<B>Nasdaq</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;<U>No Dividend Equivalents</U>. No Option
shall provide for the payment or accrual of dividend equivalents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">6. <U>Stock Appreciation Rights</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>General</U>. The Board may grant Awards
consisting of stock appreciation rights (&ldquo;<B>SARs</B>&rdquo;) entitling the holder, upon exercise, to receive an amount of Common
Stock or cash or a combination thereof (such form to be determined by the Board) determined by reference to appreciation, from and after
the date of grant, in the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock over the measurement price established pursuant to Section&nbsp;6(b).
The date as of which such appreciation is determined shall be the exercise date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Measurement Price</U>. The Board shall
establish the measurement price of each SAR and specify it in the applicable SAR agreement. The measurement price shall not be less than
100% of the Grant Date Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date the SAR is granted; provided that if the Board approves
the grant of an SAR effective as of a future date, the measurement price shall be not less than 100% of the Grant Date Fair Market Value
on such future date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Duration of SARs</U>. Each SAR shall
be exercisable at such times and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board may specify in the applicable SAR agreement; provided,
however, that no SAR will be granted with a term in excess of 10 years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Exercise of SARs</U>. SARs may be exercised
by delivery to the Company of a notice of exercise in a form (which may be electronic) approved by the Company, together with any other
documents required by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Limitation on Repricing</U>. Unless
such action is approved by the Company&rsquo;s stockholders, the Company may not (except as provided for under Section&nbsp;9): (1)&nbsp;amend
any outstanding SAR granted under the Plan to provide a measurement price per share that is lower than the then-current measurement price
per share of such outstanding SAR, (2)&nbsp;cancel any outstanding SAR (whether or not granted under the Plan) and grant in substitution
therefor new Awards under the Plan covering the same or a different number of shares of Common Stock and having an exercise or measurement
price per share lower than the then-current measurement price per share of the cancelled SAR, (3)&nbsp;cancel in exchange for a cash payment
any outstanding SAR with a measurement price per share above the then-current fair market value of a share of Common Stock (valued in
the manner determined by (or in the manner approved by) the Board), or (4)&nbsp;take any other action under the Plan that constitutes
a &ldquo;repricing&rdquo; within the meaning of the rules&nbsp;of Nasdaq.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>No Dividend Equivalents</U>. No SAR
shall provide for the payment or accrual of dividend equivalents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">7. <U>Restricted Stock; Restricted Stock Units</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>General</U>. The Board may grant Awards
entitling recipients to acquire shares of Common Stock (&ldquo;<B>Restricted Stock</B>&rdquo;), subject to the right of the Company to
repurchase (in accordance with applicable law and the Award agreement) all or part of such shares at their issue price or other stated
or formula price (or to require forfeiture of such shares if issued at no cost) from the recipient in the event that conditions specified
by the Board in the applicable Award are not satisfied prior to the end of the applicable restriction period or periods established by
the Board for such Award. The Board may also grant Awards entitling the recipient to receive shares of Common Stock or cash to be delivered
at the time such Award vests (&ldquo;<B>Restricted Stock Units</B>&rdquo;) (Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units are each referred
to herein as a &ldquo;<B>Restricted Stock Award</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Terms and Conditions for All Restricted
Stock Awards</U>. The Board shall determine the terms and conditions of a Restricted Stock Award, including the conditions for vesting
and repurchase (or forfeiture) and the issue price, if any.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Additional Provisions Relating to Restricted
Stock</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(1)&nbsp;<U>Dividends</U>. Any dividends (whether
paid in cash, stock or property) declared and paid by the Company with respect to shares of Restricted Stock (&ldquo;<B>Accrued Dividends</B>&rdquo;)
shall be paid to the Participant only if and when such shares become free from the restrictions on transferability and forfeitability
that apply to such shares. Each payment of Accrued Dividends will be made no later than the end of the calendar year in which the dividends
are paid to stockholders of that class of stock or, if later, the 15th day of the third month following the lapsing of the restrictions
on transferability and the forfeitability provisions applicable to the underlying shares of Restricted Stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(2)&nbsp;<U>Stock Certificates</U>. The Company may
require that any stock certificates issued in respect of shares of Restricted Stock, as well as dividends or distributions paid on such
Restricted Stock, shall be deposited in escrow by the Participant, together with a stock power endorsed in blank, with the Company (or
its designee). At the expiration of the applicable restriction periods, the Company (or such designee) shall deliver the certificates
no longer subject to such restrictions to the Participant or if the Participant has died, to his or her Designated Beneficiary. &ldquo;Designated
Beneficiary&rdquo; means (i)&nbsp;the beneficiary designated, in a manner determined by the Board, by a Participant to receive amounts
due or exercise rights of the Participant in the event of the Participant&rsquo;s death or (ii)&nbsp;in the absence of an effective designation
by a Participant, the Participant&rsquo;s estate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Additional Provisions Relating to Restricted
Stock Units</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(1)&nbsp;<U>Settlement</U>. Upon the vesting of and/or
lapsing of any other restrictions (i.e., settlement) with respect to each Restricted Stock Unit, the Participant shall be entitled to
receive from the Company such number of shares of Common Stock or (if so provided in the applicable Award agreement or otherwise determined
by the Board) an amount of cash equal to the fair market value (valued in the manner determined by (or in the manner approved by) the
Board) of such number of shares of Common Stock as are set forth in the applicable Restricted Stock Unit agreement, or a combination thereof.
The Board may, in its discretion, provide that settlement of Restricted Stock Units shall be deferred, on a mandatory basis or at the
election of the Participant in a manner that complies with Section&nbsp;409A of the Code or any successor provision thereto, and the regulations
thereunder (&ldquo;<B>Section&nbsp;409A</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(2)&nbsp;<U>Voting Rights</U>. A Participant shall
have no voting rights with respect to any Restricted Stock Units.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(3)&nbsp;<U>Dividend Equivalents</U>. The Award agreement
for Restricted Stock Units may provide Participants with the right to receive an amount equal to any dividends or other distributions
declared and paid on an equal number of outstanding shares of Common Stock (&ldquo;<B>Dividend Equivalents</B>&rdquo;). Dividend Equivalents
shall be credited to an account for the Participant, may be settled in cash and/or shares of Common Stock as set forth in the applicable
Award agreement, and shall be subject to the same restrictions on transfer and forfeitability as the Restricted Stock Units with respect
to which paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8. <U>Other Stock-Based Awards</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>General</U>. Other Awards of shares
of Common Stock, and other Awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to, or are otherwise based on, shares of Common Stock
or other property, may be granted hereunder to Participants (&ldquo;<B>Other Stock-Based Awards</B>&rdquo;). Such Other Stock-Based Awards
shall also be available as a form of payment in the settlement of other Awards granted under the Plan or as payment in lieu of compensation
to which a Participant is otherwise entitled. Other Stock-Based Awards may be paid in shares of Common Stock or cash, as the Board shall
determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Terms and Conditions</U>. Subject to
the provisions of the Plan, the Board shall determine the terms and conditions of each Other Stock-Based Award, including any purchase
price applicable thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Dividend Equivalents</U>. The Award
agreement for Other Stock-Based Awards may provide Participants with the right to receive Dividend Equivalents. Dividend Equivalents shall
be credited to an account for the Participant, may be settled in cash and/or shares of Common Stock as set forth in the applicable Award
agreement, and shall be subject to the same restrictions on transfer and forfeitability as the Other Stock-Based Awards with respect to
which paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">9. <U>Adjustments for Changes in Common Stock and Certain Other Events</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Changes in Capitalization</U>. In the
event of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, reclassification of shares, spin-off
or other similar change in capitalization or event, or any dividend or distribution to holders of Common Stock other than an ordinary
cash dividend, (i)&nbsp;the number and class of securities available under the Plan, (ii)&nbsp;the share counting rules&nbsp;set forth
in Section&nbsp;4(a), (iii)&nbsp;the number and class of securities and exercise price per share of each outstanding Option, (iv)&nbsp;the
share and per-share provisions and the measurement price of each outstanding SAR, (v)&nbsp;the number of shares subject to and the repurchase
price per share subject to each outstanding Restricted Stock Award and (vi)&nbsp;the share and per-share-related provisions and the purchase
price, if any, of each outstanding Other Stock-Based Award, shall be equitably adjusted by the Company (or substituted Awards may be made,
if applicable) in the manner determined by the Board. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event the Company effects
a split of the Common Stock by means of a stock dividend and the exercise price of and the number of shares subject to an outstanding
Option are adjusted as of the date of the distribution of the dividend (rather than as of the record date for such dividend), then an
optionee who exercises an Option between the record date and the distribution date for such stock dividend shall be entitled to receive,
on the distribution date, the stock dividend with respect to the shares of Common Stock acquired upon such Option exercise, notwithstanding
the fact that such shares were not outstanding as of the close of business on the record date for such stock dividend.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Reorganization Events</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(1)&nbsp;<U>Definition</U>. A &ldquo;Reorganization
Event&rdquo; shall mean: (a)&nbsp;any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another entity as a result of which all of the
Common Stock of the Company is converted into or exchanged for the right to receive cash, securities or other property or is cancelled,
(b)&nbsp;any transfer or disposition of all of the Common Stock of the Company for cash, securities or other property pursuant to a share
exchange or other transaction or (c)&nbsp;any liquidation or dissolution of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(2)&nbsp;<U>Consequences of a Reorganization Event
on Awards Other than Restricted Stock</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">(A)&nbsp;In connection with a Reorganization Event,
the Board may take any one or more of the following actions as to all or any (or any portion of) outstanding Awards other than Restricted
Stock on such terms as the Board determines (except to the extent specifically provided otherwise in an applicable Award agreement or
another agreement between the Company and the Participant): (i)&nbsp;provide that such Awards shall be assumed, or substantially equivalent
Awards shall be substituted, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof), (ii)&nbsp;upon written notice to a
Participant, provide that all of the Participant&rsquo;s unvested and/or unexercised Awards will terminate immediately prior to the consummation
of such Reorganization Event unless exercised by the Participant (to the extent then exercisable) within a specified period following
the date of such notice, (iii)&nbsp;provide that outstanding Awards shall become exercisable, realizable, or deliverable, or restrictions
applicable to an Award shall lapse, in whole or in part prior to or upon such Reorganization Event, (iv)&nbsp;in the event of a Reorganization
Event under the terms of which holders of Common Stock will receive upon consummation thereof a cash payment for each share surrendered
in the Reorganization Event (the &ldquo;<B>Acquisition Price</B>&rdquo;), make or provide for a cash payment to Participants with respect
to each Award held by a Participant equal to (A)&nbsp;the number of shares of Common Stock subject to the vested portion of the Award
(after giving effect to any acceleration of vesting that occurs upon or immediately prior to such Reorganization Event) multiplied by
(B)&nbsp;the excess, if any, of (I)&nbsp;the Acquisition Price over (II)&nbsp;the exercise, measurement or purchase price of such Award
and any applicable tax withholdings, in exchange for the termination of such Award, (v)&nbsp;provide that, in connection with a liquidation
or dissolution of the Company, Awards shall convert into the right to receive liquidation proceeds (if applicable, net of the exercise,
measurement or purchase price thereof and any applicable tax withholdings) and (vi)&nbsp;any combination of the foregoing. In taking any
of the actions permitted under this Section&nbsp;9(b)(2), the Board shall not be obligated by the Plan to treat all Awards, all Awards
held by a Participant, or all Awards of the same type, identically.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">(B)&nbsp;Notwithstanding the terms of Section&nbsp;9(b)(2)(A),
in the case of outstanding Restricted Stock Units that are subject to Section&nbsp;409A: (i)&nbsp;if the applicable Restricted Stock Unit
agreement provides that the Restricted Stock Units shall be settled upon a &ldquo;change in control event&rdquo; within the meaning of
Treasury Regulation Section&nbsp;1.409A-3(i)(5)(i), and the Reorganization Event constitutes such a &ldquo;change in control event&rdquo;,
then no assumption or substitution shall be permitted pursuant to Section&nbsp;9(b)(2)(A)(i)&nbsp;and the Restricted Stock Units shall
instead be settled in accordance with the terms of the applicable Restricted Stock Unit agreement; and (ii)&nbsp;the Board may only undertake
the actions set forth in clauses (iii), (iv)&nbsp;or (v)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;9(b)(2)(A)&nbsp;if the Reorganization Event constitutes
a &ldquo;change in control event&rdquo; as defined under Treasury Regulation Section&nbsp;1.409A-3(i)(5)(i)&nbsp;and such action is permitted
or required by Section&nbsp;409A; if the Reorganization Event is not a &ldquo;change in control event&rdquo; as so defined or such action
is not permitted or required by Section&nbsp;409A, and the acquiring or succeeding corporation does not assume or substitute the Restricted
Stock Units pursuant to clause (i)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;9(b)(2)(A), then the unvested Restricted Stock Units shall terminate immediately
prior to the consummation of the Reorganization Event without any payment in exchange therefor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.5in">(C)&nbsp;For purposes of Section&nbsp;9(b)(2)(A)(i),
an Award (other than Restricted Stock) shall be considered assumed if, following consummation of the Reorganization Event, such Award
confers the right to purchase or receive pursuant to the terms of such Award, for each share of Common Stock subject to the Award immediately
prior to the consummation of the Reorganization Event, the consideration (whether cash, securities or other property) received as a result
of the Reorganization Event by holders of Common Stock for each share of Common Stock held immediately prior to the consummation of the
Reorganization Event (and if holders were offered a choice of consideration, the type of consideration chosen by the holders of a majority
of the outstanding shares of Common Stock); provided, however, that if the consideration received as a result of the Reorganization Event
is not solely common stock of the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof), the Company may, with the consent of
the acquiring or succeeding corporation, provide for the consideration to be received upon the exercise or settlement of the Award to
consist solely of such number of shares of common stock of the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof) that the
Board determined to be equivalent in value (as of the date of such determination or another date specified by the Board) to the per share
consideration received by holders of outstanding shares of Common Stock as a result of the Reorganization Event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(3)&nbsp;<U>Consequences of a Reorganization Event
on Restricted Stock</U>. Upon the occurrence of a Reorganization Event other than a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the repurchase
and other rights of the Company with respect to outstanding Restricted Stock shall inure to the benefit of the Company&rsquo;s successor
and shall, unless the Board determines otherwise, apply to the cash, securities or other property which the Common Stock was converted
into or exchanged for pursuant to such Reorganization Event in the same manner and to the same extent as they applied to such Restricted
Stock; provided, however, that the Board may provide for termination or deemed satisfaction of such repurchase or other rights under the
instrument evidencing any Restricted Stock or any other agreement between a Participant and the Company, either initially or by amendment.
Upon the occurrence of a Reorganization Event involving the liquidation or dissolution of the Company, except to the extent specifically
provided to the contrary in the instrument evidencing any Restricted Stock or any other agreement between a Participant and the Company,
all restrictions and conditions on all Restricted Stock then outstanding shall automatically be deemed terminated or satisfied.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">10. <U>General Provisions Applicable to Awards</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>Transferability of Awards</U>. Awards
shall not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered by the person to whom they are granted, either voluntarily or
by operation of law, except by will or the laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order, and,
during the life of the Participant, shall be exercisable only by the Participant; provided, however, that, except with respect to Awards
subject to Section&nbsp;409A, the Board may permit or provide in an Award for the gratuitous transfer of the Award by the Participant
to or for the benefit of any immediate family member, family trust or other entity established for the benefit of the Participant and/or
an immediate family member thereof if the Company would be eligible to use a Form&nbsp;S-8 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
for the registration of the sale of the Common Stock subject to such Award to such proposed transferee; provided further, that the Company
shall not be required to recognize any such permitted transfer until such time as such permitted transferee shall, as a condition to such
transfer, deliver to the Company a written instrument in form and substance satisfactory to the Company confirming that such transferee
shall be bound by all of the terms and conditions of the Award. References to a Participant, to the extent relevant in the context, shall
include references to authorized transferees. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing contained in this Section&nbsp;10(a)&nbsp;shall be deemed
to restrict a transfer to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>Documentation; Press Release</U>. Each
Award shall be evidenced in such form (written, electronic or otherwise) as the Board shall determine. Each Award may contain terms and
conditions in addition to those set forth in the Plan. Promptly following the grant of an Award hereunder, the Company must disclose in
a press release the material terms of the grant, the number of shares involved, and, if required by law or Nasdaq rules, the identity
of the Participant and each Participant, by accepting the Award, consents to the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Board Discretion</U>. Except as otherwise
provided by the Plan, each Award may be made alone or in addition or in relation to any other Award. The terms of each Award need not
be identical, and the Board need not treat Participants uniformly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Termination of Status</U>. The Board
shall determine the effect on an Award of the disability, death, termination or other cessation of employment, authorized leave of absence
or other change in the employment or other status of a Participant and the extent to which, and the period during which, the Participant,
or the Participant&rsquo;s legal representative, conservator, guardian or Designated Beneficiary, may exercise rights, or receive any
benefits, under an Award.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Withholding</U>. The Participant must
satisfy all applicable federal, state, and local or other income and employment tax withholding obligations before the Company will deliver
stock certificates or otherwise recognize ownership of Common Stock under an Award. The Company may elect to satisfy the withholding obligations
through additional withholding on salary or wages. If the Company elects not to or cannot withhold from other compensation, the Participant
must pay the Company the full amount, if any, required for withholding or have a broker tender to the Company cash equal to the withholding
obligations. Payment of withholding obligations is due before the Company will issue any shares on exercise, vesting or release from forfeiture
of an Award or at the same time as payment of the exercise or purchase price, unless the Company determines otherwise. If provided for
in an Award or approved by the Board in its sole discretion, a Participant may satisfy such tax obligations in whole or in part by delivery
(either by actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock, including shares retained from the Award creating the tax obligation,
valued at their fair market value (valued in the manner determined by (or in the manner approved by) the Company); provided, however,
except as otherwise provided by the Board, that the total tax withholding where stock is being used to satisfy such tax obligations cannot
exceed the Company&rsquo;s minimum statutory withholding obligations (based on minimum statutory withholding rates for federal and state
tax purposes, including payroll taxes, that are applicable to such supplemental taxable income) except that, to the extent that the Company
is able to retain shares of Common Stock having a fair market value (determined by, or in a manner approved by, the Company) that exceeds
the statutory minimum applicable withholding tax without financial accounting implications or the Company is withholding in a jurisdiction
that does not have a statutory minimum withholding tax, the Company may retain such number of shares of Common Stock (up to the number
of shares having a fair market value equal to the maximum individual statutory rate of tax (determined by, or in a manner approved by,
the Company)) as the Company shall determine in its sole discretion to satisfy the tax liability associated with any Award. Shares used
to satisfy tax withholding requirements cannot be subject to any repurchase, forfeiture, unfulfilled vesting or other similar requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Amendment of Award</U>. Except as otherwise
provided in Sections 5(f)&nbsp;and 6(e)&nbsp;with respect to repricings, the Board may amend, modify or terminate any outstanding Award,
including but not limited to, substituting therefor another Award of the same or a different type and changing the date of exercise or
realization; provided that no amendment that would require stockholder approval under the rules&nbsp;of Nasdaq may be made effective unless
and until the Company&rsquo;s stockholders approve such amendment. The Participant&rsquo;s consent to such action shall be required unless
(i)&nbsp;the Board determines that the action, taking into account any related action, does not materially and adversely affect the Participant&rsquo;s
rights under the Plan or (ii)&nbsp;the change is permitted under Section&nbsp;9.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;<U>Conditions on Delivery of Stock</U>.
The Company will not be obligated to deliver any shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Plan or to remove restrictions from shares previously
issued or delivered under the Plan until (i)&nbsp;all conditions of the Award have been met or removed to the satisfaction of the Company,
(ii)&nbsp;in the opinion of the Company&rsquo;s counsel, all other legal matters in connection with the issuance and delivery of such
shares have been satisfied, including any applicable securities laws and regulations and any applicable stock exchange or stock market
rules&nbsp;and regulations, and (iii)&nbsp;the Participant has executed and delivered to the Company such representations or agreements
as the Company may consider appropriate to satisfy the requirements of any applicable laws, rules&nbsp;or regulations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)&nbsp;<U>Acceleration</U>. The Board may at
any time provide that any Award shall become immediately exercisable in whole or in part, free of some or all restrictions or conditions,
or otherwise realizable in whole or in part, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">11. <U>Miscellaneous</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)&nbsp;<U>No Right To Employment or Other Status</U>.
No person shall have any claim or right to be granted an Award by virtue of the adoption of the Plan, and the grant of an Award shall
not be construed as giving a Participant the right to continued employment or any other relationship with the Company. The Company expressly
reserves the right at any time to dismiss or otherwise terminate its relationship with a Participant free from any liability or claim
under the Plan, except as expressly provided in the applicable Award.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)&nbsp;<U>No Rights As Stockholder; Clawback</U>.
Subject to the provisions of the applicable Award, no Participant or Designated Beneficiary shall have any rights as a stockholder with
respect to any shares of Common Stock to be distributed with respect to an Award until becoming the record holder of such shares. In accepting
an Award under the Plan, the Participant agrees to be bound by any clawback policy that the Company has in effect or may adopt in the
future.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)&nbsp;<U>Effective Date</U>. The Plan shall
become effective on the date on which it is adopted by the Board. It is expressly intended that approval of the Company&rsquo;s stockholders
not be required as a condition to the effectiveness of the Plan, and the Plan&rsquo;s provisions shall be interpreted in a manner consistent
with such intent for all purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)&nbsp;<U>Amendment of Plan</U>. The Board may
amend, suspend or terminate the Plan or any portion thereof at any time, provided that no amendment that would require stockholder approval
under the rules&nbsp;of Nasdaq may be made effective unless and until the Company&rsquo;s stockholders approve such amendment. Unless
otherwise specified in the amendment, any amendment to the Plan adopted in accordance with this Section&nbsp;11(d)&nbsp;shall apply to,
and be binding on the holders of, all Awards outstanding under the Plan at the time the amendment is adopted, provided the Board determines
that such amendment, taking into account any related action, does not materially and adversely affect the rights of Participants under
the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)&nbsp;<U>Authorization of Sub-Plans (including
for Grants to non-U.S. Employees)</U>. The Board may from time to time establish one or more sub-plans under the Plan for purposes of
satisfying applicable securities, tax or other laws of various jurisdictions. The Board shall establish such sub-plans by adopting supplements
to the Plan containing (i)&nbsp;such limitations on the Board&rsquo;s discretion under the Plan as the Board deems necessary or desirable
or (ii)&nbsp;such additional terms and conditions not otherwise inconsistent with the Plan as the Board shall deem necessary or desirable.
All supplements adopted by the Board shall be deemed to be part of the Plan, but each supplement shall apply only to Participants within
the affected jurisdiction and the Company shall not be required to provide copies of any supplement to Participants in any jurisdiction
which is not the subject of such supplement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)&nbsp;<U>Compliance with Section&nbsp;409A</U>.
Except as provided in individual Award agreements initially or by amendment, if and to the extent (i)&nbsp;any portion of any payment,
compensation or other benefit provided to a Participant pursuant to the Plan in connection with his or her employment termination constitutes
 &ldquo;nonqualified deferred compensation&rdquo; within the meaning of Section&nbsp;409A and (ii)&nbsp;the Participant is a specified
employee as defined in Section&nbsp;409A(a)(2)(B)(i), in each case as determined by the Company in accordance with its procedures, by
which determinations the Participant (through accepting the Award) agrees that he or she is bound, such portion of the payment, compensation
or other benefit shall not be paid before the day that is six months plus one day after the date of &ldquo;separation from service&rdquo;
(as determined under Section&nbsp;409A) (the &ldquo;<B>New Payment Date</B>&rdquo;), except as Section&nbsp;409A may then permit. The
aggregate of any payments that otherwise would have been paid to the Participant during the period between the date of separation from
service and the New Payment Date shall be paid to the Participant in a lump sum on such New Payment Date, and any remaining payments will
be paid on their original schedule.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company makes no representations or warranty
and shall have no liability to the Participant or any other person if any provisions of or payments, compensation or other benefits under
the Plan are determined to constitute nonqualified deferred compensation subject to Section&nbsp;409A but do not satisfy the conditions
of that section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)&nbsp;<U>Limitations on Liability</U>. Notwithstanding
any other provisions of the Plan, no individual acting as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company will be liable to any
Participant, former Participant, spouse, beneficiary, or any other person for any claim, loss, liability, or expense incurred in connection
with the Plan, nor will such individual be personally liable with respect to the Plan because of any contract or other instrument he or
she executes in his or her capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company. The Company will indemnify and hold harmless
each director, officer, employee or agent of the Company to whom any duty or power relating to the administration or interpretation of
the Plan has been or will be delegated, against any cost or expense (including attorneys&rsquo; fees) or liability (including any sum
paid in settlement of a claim with the Board&rsquo;s approval) arising out of any act or omission to act concerning the Plan unless arising
out of such person&rsquo;s own fraud or bad faith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)&nbsp;<U>Governing Law</U>. The provisions of
the Plan and all Awards made hereunder shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, excluding
choice-of-law principles of the law of such state that would require the application of the laws of a jurisdiction other than the State
of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>atxs-20231214_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140668628357216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 14, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Dec. 14,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-37467<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Astria Therapeutics, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001454789<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">26-3687168<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">75
    State Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite
    1400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Boston<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">02109<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">617<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">349-1971<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.001 par
    value per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">ATXS<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
