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Related Party Transactions
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Related Party Transactions
8. Related Party Transactions

Fox Paine & Company (“Fox Paine”)

As of March 31, 2018, Fox Paine beneficially owned shares having approximately 82% of the Company’s total outstanding voting power. Fox Paine has the right to appoint a number of the Company’s Directors equal in aggregate to the pro rata percentage of the voting shares of the Company beneficially held by Fox Paine for so long as Fox Paine holds an aggregate of 25% or more of the voting power in the Company. Fox Paine controls the election of all of the Company’s Directors due to its controlling share ownership. The Company’s Chairman is a member of Fox Paine.

The Company relies on Fox Paine to provide management services and other services related to the operations of the Company, and Fox Paine may propose and negotiate transaction fees with the Company, subject to the provisions of the Company’s related party transaction policies including approval of the Company’s Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, for those services from time to time. The Company incurred management fees of $0.5 million during each of the quarters ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 as part of the annual management fee paid to Fox Paine. As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, unpaid management fees, which were included in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, were $7.3 million and $6.8 million, respectively. During the quarter ended March 31, 2018, Fox Paine also performed advisory services for the Company in relation to a transaction whereby one of the Company’s indirect wholly owned subsidiaries became a co-obligor on the Company’s subordinated notes during the second quarter of 2018. The advisory services were performed during the first and second quarter of 2018. The total fee for these services is estimated to be $12.5 million. The Company estimates that 50% of the services were provided in the first quarter of 2018 and has included $6.25 million in corporate expense and accrued $6.25 million in other liabilities as of March 31, 2018. The remainder of the fee will be recorded in the second quarter of 2018.