<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-23-185390.txt : 20230711
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-23-185390.hdr.sgml : 20230711
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230711171030
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-23-185390
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230711
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230711
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230711

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			COLUMBUS MCKINNON CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001005229
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY & EQUIP [3531]
		IRS NUMBER:				160547600
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NY
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0331

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-34362
		FILM NUMBER:		231082738

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		205 CROSSPOINT PARKWAY
		CITY:			GETZVILLE
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			14068
		BUSINESS PHONE:		7166895400

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		205 CROSSPOINT PARKWAY
		CITY:			GETZVILLE
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			14068
</SEC-HEADER>
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<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top" align="left"><span style="font-weight:bold">ITEM&#160;5.03.</span></td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">AMENDMENTS TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OR BYLAWS </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">On July&#160;11, 2023, the Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;) of Columbus McKinnon Corporation (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) approved and adopted amended and restated bylaws (the &#8220;Amended and Restated Bylaws&#8221;), which became effective the same day. The Amended and Restated Bylaws designate any state court located in the State of New York (a &#8220;New York Court&#8221;) (or, in the event that a New York Court does not have jurisdiction, a federal district court in the State of New York) as the exclusive forum for certain legal actions involving the Company unless the Company selects or consents to the selection of an alternative forum. The Board determined to amend the bylaws, which previously provided for exclusive forum in courts located in Erie County, New York, based in part from feedback from shareholders who, while recognizing the potential value of an exclusive forum provision generally, expressed concerns with limiting jurisdiction to only courts located in Erie County. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The foregoing description of the Amended and Restated Bylaws does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Amended and Restated Bylaws attached hereto as Exhibit 3.1, which is incorporated herein by reference. </p> <p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="width:11%;vertical-align:top" align="left"><span style="font-weight:bold">ITEM&#160;9.01.</span></td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold">(d)&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Exhibits. </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"><a href="d726899dex31.htm">Amended and Restated Bylaws of Columbus McKinnon Corporation, effective as of July&#160;11, 2023 </a></td></tr>
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 <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:center">SIGNATURES </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:7%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p><div>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Alan S. Korman</p> <p style="font-size:1pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt">&#160;</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Name:</p></td>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Title:</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap">Senior Vice President Corporate Development,</td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap">General Counsel and Secretary</td></tr>
</table></div> <p style="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dated:&#160;&#160;July 11, 2023 </p>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">BY-LAWS</FONT> </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>COLUMBUS MCKINNON CORPORATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">(THE &#147;CORPORATION&#148;) </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AS OF JULY&nbsp;11, 2023 </B></P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE I </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">SHAREHOLDERS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.01.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ANNUAL MEETING</U>. The annual meeting of the shareholders may be held at such time, date and
place, within or without the State of New York, as shall be determined by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the &#147;<U>Board of Directors</U>&#148; or the &#147;<U>Board</U>&#148;) and stated in the notice of the meeting, or in a waiver
of notice thereof. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that a meeting of shareholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication. At the annual meeting, directors shall
be elected and other proper business properly brought before the meeting in accordance with Section&nbsp;1.11 of these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> may be transacted. The Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any
previously scheduled annual meeting of shareholders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.02.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SPECIAL MEETINGS</U>. Special meetings
of the shareholders, for any purpose or purposes, may be called at any time only by the Chairman of the Board or the President. Special meetings of the shareholders shall be held at such time, date and place, within or without the State of New York,
as shall be fixed by the person or persons calling the meeting and stated in the notice or waiver of notice of the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.03.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NOTICE OF MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS</U>. Whenever the shareholders are required or permitted to
take any action at a meeting, written notice of the meeting shall be given which shall state the place (if any), date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communication (if any) and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes
for which the meeting is called and at whose direction it is being issued. The written notice of any meeting shall be given, personally or by mail, not less than ten (10)&nbsp;nor more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days before the date of the meeting to each
shareholder entitled to vote at such meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.04.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>QUORUM</U>. At all meetings of the
shareholders, the holders of a majority of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of any
business. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">When a quorum is once present to organize a meeting, it is not broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any shareholders. The
shareholders present may adjourn the meeting despite the absence of a quorum and at any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the
original meeting. Except as otherwise provided by law, notice of the adjourned meeting shall not be necessary if the time, date and place (if any) thereof are announced at the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.05.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VOTING</U>. At any meeting of the shareholders, every shareholder entitled to vote thereat shall
be entitled to vote in person or by proxy. Except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, whenever the shareholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, each shareholder of record entitled to vote
thereat shall be entitled to one vote for each share from which such shareholder&#146;s voting rights are derived standing in his or her name on the books of the Corporation. At all duly called or convened meetings of the shareholders, at which a
quorum is present, a nominee for director shall be elected to the Board </P>
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of Directors if the votes cast for such nominee&#146;s election exceed the votes cast against such nominee&#146;s election (with abstentions not counted as a vote cast either for or against that
nominee&#146;s election); provided, however, that a plurality of the votes cast shall be sufficient to elect a director at any duly called or convened meeting of the shareholders, at which a quorum is present, if the Secretary of the Corporation
determines that the number of nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected as of the record date for such meeting (a &#147;<U>Contested Election</U>&#148;). If directors are to be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, shareholders
shall not be permitted to vote against a nominee. Except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, all other matters shall be determined by vote of the shares present or represented at such meeting and voting on such matters.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In any <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-Contested</FONT> Election, an incumbent director nominee who receives a greater number of
votes cast against his or her election than in favor of his or her election (each a &#147;<U>Subject Director</U>&#148;) shall immediately tender his or her resignation to the Board of Directors. The Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee of
the Board of Directors, or if one or more of the members of the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee is a Subject Director or the Board of Directors determines that a committee other than the Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee
should consider such Subject Director&#146;s resignation, a committee consisting solely of independent directors (as determined in accordance with applicable NASDAQ Stock Market rules and listing requirements) who are not Subject Directors (the
resulting committee, the &#147;<U>Resignation Committee</U>&#148;), shall make a recommendation to the Board of Directors as to whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board of Directors,
not including any Subject Director, shall act on the tendered resignation, taking into account the Resignation Committee&#146;s recommendation, within ninety (90)&nbsp;days from the date of the certification of the election results by the inspector
of elections; provided, that, if the result of accepting all tendered resignations then pending, and requesting resignations from any directors who did not submit a resignation as required by these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws,</FONT>
would result in the Corporation having fewer than three (3)&nbsp;directors who were in office before the election of directors, the Board of Directors may determine to extend such ninety <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(90)-day</FONT> period by an
additional ninety (90)&nbsp;days if it determines that such an extension is in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders. The Resignation Committee in making its recommendation, and the Board of Directors in making its decision, may
each consider any factors or other information that its members consider appropriate and relevant, including, without limitation, any stated reasons for &#147;against&#148; votes, whether the underlying cause or causes of the &#147;against&#148;
votes are curable, the length of service of each Subject Director, each Subject Director&#146;s contributions to the Corporation, whether the acceptance of any resignation would cause the Corporation to fail to comply with any requirement of the
NASDAQ Stock Market or any rule or regulation promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (as so amended and inclusive of such rules and regulations, the &#147;<U>Exchange
Act</U>&#148;), whether acceptance of any resignation would lead to a &#147;change of control&#148; of the Corporation as determined pursuant to any financing or other material agreement of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries, and whether
acceptance of any resignation would lead to a default under any material agreement to which the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries is a party or otherwise bound. The Subject Directors shall not participate in the deliberations or recommendation
of the Resignation Committee or the deliberations or decision of the Board of Directors with respect to any resignation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if all of the independent directors are Subject Directors, then the Resignation
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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Committee shall consist of all the independent directors, provided, that, the independent director whose resignation is under consideration shall not participate in the deliberations or
recommendation regarding his or her resignation, and furthermore, if the directors who are not Subject Directors constitute less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, then (i)&nbsp;all directors, except for the director whose resignation is under
consideration, may participate in the Board of Directors&#146; deliberation and decisions regarding whether to accept or reject the previously tendered resignations, and (ii)&nbsp;the Board of Directors may determine that the effectiveness of its
acceptance of any resignations of Subject Directors will occur after the Board of Directors has considered the resignations of all Subject Directors. The Corporation shall promptly disclose the decision(s) of the Board of Directors, and if
applicable, the reasons for the Board of Directors&#146; rejection of the tendered resignation, in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission of a Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> (or successor form). If a
Subject Director&#146;s tendered resignation is not accepted by the Board of Directors, or such Subject Director does not otherwise submit his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, such director shall continue to serve until the next annual
meeting of shareholders and his or her successor is duly elected and qualified, or his or her earlier resignation or removal. If a Subject Director&#146;s resignation is accepted by the Board of Directors, or if a nominee for director is not elected
and the nominee is not an incumbent director, then the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may fill any resulting vacancy or decrease the size of the Board of Directors in accordance with these
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws.</FONT> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.06.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>PROXIES</U>. Every proxy must be executed
in writing by the shareholder. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11)&nbsp;months from the date of its execution unless it shall have specified therein its duration. Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the person
executing it, except in those cases where an irrevocable proxy is permitted by law. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any shareholder directly or indirectly soliciting
proxies from other shareholders must use a proxy card color other than white, which shall be reserved for the exclusive use by the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.07.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CONSENTS</U>. Whenever by any provision of law or the Certificate of Incorporation or these <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws,</FONT> the vote of shareholders at a meeting thereof is required or permitted to be taken in connection with any corporate action, the meeting and vote of shareholders may be dispensed with, if all the
shareholders who would have been entitled to vote upon the action if such meeting were held, shall consent in writing to such corporate action being taken. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.08.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SHAREHOLDERS LIST</U>. A list of shareholders as of the record date, certified by the corporate
officer responsible for its preparation or by a transfer agent, shall be produced at any meeting of shareholders upon the request thereat or prior thereto of any shareholder. If the right to vote at any meeting is challenged, the inspectors of
election, or person presiding thereat, shall require such list of shareholders to be produced as evidence of the right of the persons challenged to vote at such meeting, and all persons who appear from such list to be shareholders entitled to vote
thereat may vote at such meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.09.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>APPOINTMENT OF INSPECTORS OF ELECTION</U>. The Board of
Directors may, in advance of any meeting of the shareholders, appoint one (1)&nbsp;or more inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If inspectors are not so appointed in advance of
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">3 </P>

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the meeting, the person presiding at such meeting may, and on the request of any shareholder entitled to vote thereat shall, appoint one (1)&nbsp;or more inspectors. In case any inspector
appointed fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board of Directors in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the person presiding thereat. Each inspector of election, before entering upon the discharge of
his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. No person who is a candidate for the office of director of the
Corporation shall act as an inspector at any meeting of the shareholders at which directors are elected. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>DUTIES OF INSPECTORS OF ELECTION</U>. Whenever one (1)&nbsp;or more inspectors of election may be
appointed as provided in these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws,</FONT> he, she or they shall determine the number of shares outstanding and entitled to vote, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, and the validity
and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, ballots, or consents, determine the result, and do such
acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ADVANCE NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS AND NOMINATIONS</U>. The matters to be considered and
brought before any annual or special meeting of shareholders of the Corporation shall be limited to only such matters, including the nomination and election of directors, as shall be brought properly before such meeting in compliance with the
procedures set forth in this Section&nbsp;1.11. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nominations of persons for election to the Board and the
proposal of other business to be considered by the shareholders may be made at an annual meeting of shareholders only if (i)&nbsp;brought before the meeting by the Corporation and specified in the Corporation&#146;s notice of meeting delivered
pursuant to Section&nbsp;1.03, (ii) brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board, or (iii)&nbsp;brought before the meeting by a shareholder of the Corporation who (A)&nbsp;was a shareholder of record (and, with respect to any
beneficial owner, if different, on whose behalf any nomination or proposal is made, only if such beneficial owner was the beneficial owner of shares of capital stock of the Corporation) both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this
Section&nbsp;1.11, and at the time of the meeting, (B)&nbsp;is entitled to vote at the meeting, and (C)&nbsp;has complied with this Section&nbsp;1.11 as to such nominations or other business. Except for proposals properly made in accordance with
Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act, and included in the notice of meeting given by or at the direction of the Board, the foregoing clause (iii)&nbsp;shall be the exclusive means for a shareholder to propose
business to be considered or to propose any nominations of persons for election to the Board at an annual meeting of the shareholders. Without qualification, for any nominations of persons for election to the Board or other business to be properly
brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder, in each case, pursuant to the foregoing clause (iii), the shareholder must (x)&nbsp;have given timely notice thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation and
(y)&nbsp;provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by paragraph (5)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;1.11. To be timely, a shareholder&#146;s notice shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary
of the Corporation at the principal executive office of the Corporation not less than ninety (90)&nbsp;days nor more than one hundred twenty (120)&nbsp;days prior to the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">one-year</FONT> anniversary of the prior
year&#146;s annual meeting of the Corporation; provided, however, that in the </P>
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event the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days, or delayed by more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days, from such anniversary date, notice by the shareholder, to be
timely, must be so delivered, or mailed and received, not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of
such annual meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall any adjournment or the announcement thereof commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a shareholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For purposes of this Section&nbsp;1.11, the term &#147;<U>Proposing Person</U>&#148; means (i)&nbsp;the shareholder
providing the notice of a proposed nomination or other business proposed to be brought before a meeting, (ii)&nbsp;the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the proposed nomination or other business proposed to be
brought before a meeting is made, and (iii)&nbsp;any participant (as defined in paragraphs (a)(ii)-(vi) of Instruction 3 to Item 4 of Schedule 14A) with such shareholder in such solicitation. To be in proper form, a shareholder&#146;s notice
(whether given pursuant to this paragraph (2)&nbsp;or paragraph (3)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;1.11) shall set forth, as of the date of such notice: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as to each Proposing Person, (A)&nbsp;the name and address of such Proposing Person (including, if
applicable, the name and address that appear on the Corporation&#146;s books and records), (B) the class or series and number of shares of the capital stock of the Corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned of record or beneficially by such
Proposing Person (within the meaning of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-3</FONT> under the Exchange Act, except that such Proposing Person shall in all events be deemed to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of the capital
stock of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future), (C) the date or dates such shares were acquired, (D)&nbsp;the investment intent of such acquisition and (E)&nbsp;any
pledge by such Proposing Person with respect to any of such shares; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as to each Proposing
Person, (A)&nbsp;any derivative, swap or other transaction or series of transactions engaged in, directly or indirectly, by such Proposing Person, the purpose or effect of which is to give such Proposing Person economic risk similar to ownership of
shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation, including due to the fact that the value of such derivative, swap or other transaction is determined by reference to the price, value or volatility of any shares of any class or
series of the capital stock of the Corporation, or which derivative, swap or other transactions provide, directly or indirectly, the opportunity to profit from any increase in the price or value of shares of any class or series of the capital stock
of the Corporation (&#147;<U>Synthetic Equity Interests</U>&#148;), which such Synthetic Equity Interests shall be disclosed without regard to whether (x)&nbsp;such derivative, swap or other transactions convey any voting rights in such shares to
such Proposing Person, (y)&nbsp;the derivative, swap or other transactions are required to be, or are capable of being, settled through delivery of such shares or (z)&nbsp;such Proposing Person may have entered into other transactions that hedge or
mitigate the economic effect of such derivative, swap or other transaction; (B)&nbsp;any proxy (other than a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, Section&nbsp;14(a) of the Exchange
Act by way of a solicitation statement filed on Schedule&nbsp;14A), agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant to which such Proposing Person has or shares a right to vote any </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">5 </P>

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shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation; (C)&nbsp;any agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship, including any repurchase or similar <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">so-called</FONT> &#147;stock borrowing&#148; agreement or arrangement, engaged in, directly or indirectly, by such Proposing Person, the purpose or effect of which is to mitigate loss to, reduce the economic risk (of
ownership or otherwise) of shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation by, manage the risk of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such Proposing Person with respect to the shares of any
class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation, or which provides, directly or indirectly, the opportunity to profit from any decrease in the price or value of the shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation
(&#147;<U>Short Interests</U>&#148;); (D) any rights to dividends on the shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the Corporation owned beneficially by such Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of
the Corporation; (E)&nbsp;any performance related fees (other than an asset based fee) that such Proposing Person is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the price or value of shares of any class or series of the capital stock of the
Corporation, any Synthetic Equity Interests or Short Interests; (F)&nbsp;any material pending or threatened legal proceeding in which such Proposing Person is a party or material participant involving the Corporation or any of its officers or
directors, or any affiliate of the Corporation; (G)&nbsp;any other material relationship between such Proposing Person, on the one hand, and the Corporation or any affiliate of the Corporation, on the other hand; (H)&nbsp;any direct or indirect
material interest in any material contract or agreement of such Proposing Person with the Corporation or any affiliate of the Corporation (including, in any such case, any employment agreement, collective bargaining agreement or consulting
agreement); (I) any proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or a Synthetic Equity Interest held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership, limited liability company or similar entity in which any such Proposing Person
(x)&nbsp;is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner of such general or limited partnership or (y)&nbsp;is the manager, managing member or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest
in the manager or managing member of such limited liability company or similar entity; (J)&nbsp;a representation that such Proposing Person intends or is part of a group which intends to deliver a proxy statement or form of proxy to holders of at
least the percentage of the Corporation&#146;s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or otherwise solicit proxies from shareholders in support of such proposal; and (K)&nbsp;any other information relating to such
Proposing Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies or consents by such Proposing Person in support of the nomination for election of directors
or the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section&nbsp;14(a) of the Exchange Act (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A)&nbsp;through (K) are referred to as &#147;<U>Disclosable
Interests</U>&#148;); provided, however, that Disclosable Interests shall not include any such disclosures with respect to the ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a
Proposing Person solely as a result of being the shareholder of record directed to prepare and submit the information required by this Section&nbsp;1.11(2) on behalf of a beneficial owner; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as to each person, if any, whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as
a director, (A)&nbsp;all information with respect to such proposed </P>
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nominee that would be required to be set forth in a shareholder&#146;s notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;1.11(2) if such proposed nominee were a Proposing Person; (B)&nbsp;all information
relating to such proposed nominee that is required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section&nbsp;14(a)
under the Exchange Act (including such proposed nominee&#146;s written consent to being named in the proxy statement and accompanying proxy card as a nominee and to serving as a director for a full term if elected); (C) a description of all direct
and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among any Proposing Person, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee
and his or her respective affiliates and associates, on the other hand, including, without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 under Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K</FONT> if such
Proposing Person were the &#147;registrant&#148; for purposes of such rule and the proposed nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant<B> </B>(the disclosures to be made pursuant the foregoing clauses (A)&nbsp;through (C) are
referred to as &#147;<U>Nominee Information</U>&#148;); and (D)&nbsp;a completed and signed questionnaire and representation and agreement as provided in paragraph (4)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;1.11; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as to any business other than nominations for election of directors that a Proposing Person
proposes to bring before an annual meeting: (A)&nbsp;a reasonably brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting and any material interest in such
business of any Proposing Person; (B)&nbsp;the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration); (C) a reasonably detailed description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings
(x)&nbsp;between or among any of the Proposing Persons and (y)&nbsp;between or among any Proposing Person and any other record or beneficial owner of capital stock of the Corporation (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such
business by such shareholder; and (D)&nbsp;any other information relating to such item of business that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies in support
of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section&nbsp;14(a) of the Exchange Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nominations of persons for election to the Board may be made at a special meeting of shareholders at which
directors are to be properly elected only (i)&nbsp;by or at the direction of the Board or (ii)&nbsp;provided that the Board has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any shareholder of the Corporation who (a)&nbsp;is a
shareholder of record (and, with respect to any beneficial owner, if different, on whose behalf any nomination or proposal is made, only if such beneficial owner was the beneficial owner of shares of the Corporation) both at the time of giving of
notice provided for in this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law</FONT> and at the time of the meeting, (b)&nbsp;is entitled to vote at the meeting and (c)&nbsp;complied with the notice procedures set forth in this
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law</FONT> under this paragraph (3)&nbsp;and paragraph (2)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;1.11 with respect to nominations for election of directors. Without qualification, in order for a shareholder to present any
nominations of persons for election to the Board at such a special meeting, pursuant to the foregoing clause (ii), the shareholder must (x)&nbsp;have given timely notice thereof in writing and in proper form to the Secretary of the Corporation
(which notice shall include disclosure of </P>
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the information that is required by the applicable provisions of paragraph (2)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;1.11) and (y)&nbsp;provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in
the forms required by paragraph (5)&nbsp;of Section&nbsp;1.11. To be timely, a shareholder&#146;s notice required by paragraph (2)&nbsp;of this Section&nbsp;1.11 shall be delivered to, or mailed to and received by, the Secretary at the principal
executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (x)&nbsp;the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or
(y)&nbsp;the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall any adjournment a special
meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a shareholder&#146;s notice as described above. Shareholders shall not be permitted to propose business to be considered by the shareholders
at a special meeting. Business transacted at a special meeting of shareholders shall be confined to the purposes stated in the call and notice thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(4)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To be eligible to be a candidate for election or reelection as a director of the Corporation at an annual or
special meeting, a candidate must be nominated in the manner prescribed in paragraphs (1)&nbsp;or (3), as applicable, of this Section&nbsp;1.11 and the candidate for nomination, whether nominated by the Board of Directors or by a shareholder of
record, must have previously delivered (in accordance with the time period prescribed for delivery in these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> or otherwise in a notice to such candidate given by or on behalf of the Board of Directors),
to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, (i)&nbsp;a completed written questionnaire (in a form provided by the Corporation upon written request of any shareholder of record thereof) with respect to the background,
qualifications, stock ownership and independence of such proposed nominee, (ii)&nbsp;the Nominee Information as defined in paragraph Section&nbsp;1.11(2)(iii) and (iii)&nbsp;a written representation and agreement (in form provided by the Corporation
upon written request of any shareholder of record thereof) that such candidate for nomination (A)&nbsp;is not and, if elected as a director during his or her term of office, will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding
with, and has not given and will not give any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a &#147;<U>Voting
Commitment</U>&#148;), specifically including any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such proposed nominee&#146;s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such proposed nominee&#146;s fiduciary duties
under applicable law, (B)&nbsp;is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation or reimbursement for service
as a director, (C)&nbsp;if elected as a director of the Corporation, will comply with all applicable corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, stock ownership and trading and other policies and guidelines of the Corporation
applicable to directors and in effect during such person&#146;s term in office as a director (and, if requested by any candidate for nomination, the Secretary of the Corporation shall provide to such candidate for nomination all such policies and
guidelines then in effect), and (D)&nbsp;and if elected as director of the Corporation, intends to serve the entire term until the next meeting at which such candidate would face <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">re-election.</FONT> The Board of
Directors may also require any proposed candidate for nomination as a director to furnish such other information as may reasonably be requested by the Board of Directors in writing prior to the meeting of shareholders at which such candidate&#146;s
nomination is to be acted upon in order for the Board of Directors to determine the eligibility of such candidate for nomination to be an </P>
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independent director of the Corporation in accordance with the Corporation&#146;s General Corporate Governance Policy. Notwithstanding anything in these
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> to the contrary, no candidate for nomination shall be eligible to be seated as a director of the corporation unless nominated and elected in accordance with paragraphs (1)&nbsp;or (3), as applicable,
of this Section&nbsp;1.11 and this Section&nbsp;1.11(4). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(5)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A Proposing Person providing notice of a proposed
nomination for election to the Board or other business proposed to be brought before a meeting (whether given pursuant to paragraphs (1)&nbsp;or (3) of Section&nbsp;1.11) or candidate for nomination as a director shall further update and supplement
such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any
adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed to and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than five (5)&nbsp;business days after the record
date for the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date), and not later than eight (8)&nbsp;business days prior to the date for the meeting, or, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior
to such meeting and/or to which it is adjourned or postponed (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof). The Corporation may also
require any Proposing Person or proposed nominee for election to the Board to furnish such other information (i)&nbsp;as may be reasonably requested by the Board of Directors, including any such information required for the Corporation to determine
the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation in accordance with the Corporation&#146;s General Corporate Governance Policy as then in effect or (ii)&nbsp;that could be material to a reasonable
shareholder&#146;s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such Proposing Person or proposed nominee. Such Proposing Person or candidate for nomination as a director shall provide such additional information within ten (10)&nbsp;days
after it has been requested by the Board of Directors. For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this paragraph or any other Section of these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> shall not limit
the Corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any notice provided by a shareholder, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or enable or be deemed to permit a shareholder who has previously submitted notice hereunder to amend
or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding matters, business or resolutions proposed to be brought before a meeting of the shareholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(6)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notwithstanding anything in Section&nbsp;1.11 to the contrary, (i)&nbsp;in no event may a shareholder provide
timely notice with respect to a greater number of director candidates than are subject to election by shareholders at the annual meeting or special meeting, as applicable; and (ii)&nbsp;in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the
Board is increased and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board made by the Corporation at least ten (10)&nbsp;days before the last day a shareholder
could otherwise deliver a notice of nomination in accordance with Section&nbsp;1.11(1), a shareholder&#146;s notice required by this Section&nbsp;1.11 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created
by such increase, if it shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such public
announcement is first made by the Corporation. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(7)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For purposes of this Section&nbsp;1.11, a matter shall be deemed
to have been &#147;publicly announced or disclosed&#148; if such matter is disclosed in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation
with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Sections&nbsp;13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(8)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notwithstanding compliance with the foregoing requirements of this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law,</FONT>
no person proposed to be nominated to the Board by a shareholder pursuant to this procedure shall become a nominee for election to the Board and no other business shall be considered at the meeting unless the shareholder who has provided the notice
or his proxy, nominates such person or introduces such business at the meeting, as the case may be. If any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law,</FONT> the presiding officer of the
meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether such nomination or business was made in compliance with this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law</FONT> and, if such nomination or business is determined not to have been properly made,
to declare that such nomination or proposal has not been properly brought before the meeting and will be disregarded and declared to be out of order. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(9)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law,</FONT> a shareholder
shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to the matters set forth in this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law.</FONT> This <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law</FONT> is expressly intended to apply
to any business proposed to be brought before a meeting of shareholders other than any proposal made pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act. In the case of proposals made pursuant to Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act, this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law</FONT> shall not be deemed to affect any rights of shareholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement
pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8.</FONT> In the event of any conflict between this <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-law</FONT> and the provisions of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act
in the circumstance of a shareholder proposal made pursuant to such Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8,</FONT> the provisions of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> shall control. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(10)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section&nbsp;1.11, unless otherwise required by law, (i)&nbsp;no
Proposing Person shall solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Corporation&#146;s nominees unless such Proposing Person has complied with Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act
in connection with the solicitation of such proxies, including the provision to the corporation of notices required thereunder in a timely manner and (ii)&nbsp;if any nominating person (1)&nbsp;provides notice pursuant to Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(b)</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act and (2)&nbsp;subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(2)</FONT> and Rule
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(3)</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act, including the provision to the Corporation of notices required thereunder in a timely manner, then the nomination of each such proposed nominee shall be
disregarded, notwithstanding that the nominee is included as a nominee in the Corporation&#146;s proxy statement, notice of meeting or other proxy materials for any annual meeting (or any supplement thereto) and notwithstanding that proxies or votes
in respect of the election of such proposed nominees may have been received by the Corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). If any Proposing Person provides notice pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(b)</FONT>
promulgated under the Exchange Act, such Proposing Person shall deliver to the corporation, no later than five (5)&nbsp;business days prior to the applicable meeting, reasonable evidence that it has met the requirements of Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-19(a)(3)</FONT> promulgated under the Exchange Act. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CONDUCT OF BUSINESS</U>.&nbsp;The date and time
of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the shareholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting by the person presiding over the meeting. The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and
regulations for the conduct of the meeting of shareholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the person presiding over any meeting of shareholders
shall have the right and authority to convene and (for any or no reason) to recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures (which need not be in writing) and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such
presiding person, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the person presiding over the meeting, may include, without limitation, the
following: (i)&nbsp;the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii)&nbsp;rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present (including, without limitation, rules and procedures for
removal of disruptive persons from the meeting); (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the person
presiding over the meeting shall determine; (iv)&nbsp;restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (v)&nbsp;limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants. The presiding
person at any meeting of shareholders, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting (including, without limitation, determinations with respect to the administration and/or interpretation of
any of the rules, regulations or procedures of the meeting, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the person presiding over the meeting), shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter of
business was not properly brought before the meeting and if such presiding person should so determine, such presiding person shall so declare to the meeting and any such matter or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be
transacted or considered. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the person presiding over the meeting, meetings of shareholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>DELIVERY TO THE CORPORATION</U>. Whenever this Article I requires one or more persons (including
a record or beneficial owner of stock) to deliver a document or information to the Corporation or any officer, employee or agent thereof (including any notice, request, questionnaire, revocation, representation or other document or agreement), such
document or information shall be in writing exclusively (and not in an electronic transmission) and shall be delivered exclusively by hand (including, without limitation, overnight courier service) or by certified or registered mail, return receipt
requested, and the Corporation shall not be required to accept delivery of any document not in such written form or so delivered. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE
II </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">DIRECTORS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.01.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS</U>. The business of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the
direction of its Board of Directors, which may exercise all powers of the Corporation, and do all lawful acts and things, except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or by these
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws.</FONT> </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.02.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>NUMBER AND TENURE</U>. Except as otherwise
required by law or in the Certificate of Incorporation, the number of directors which shall constitute the entire Board of Directors shall be fixed, and may be increased or decreased, from time to time by resolution adopted by a majority of the
directors then in office (inclusive of vacancies). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.03.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ELECTION AND TERM</U>. The directors
shall be elected at the annual meeting of the shareholders, and each director shall be elected to hold office until the next succeeding annual meeting of the shareholders and until his successor has been duly elected and qualified. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.04.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL</U>. Any director may resign at any time by providing written notice
thereof to the Chairman of the Board, the President or the Board of Directors, stating the effective date thereof and, except as otherwise provided in Section&nbsp;1.05 of these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws,</FONT> no acceptance thereof
shall be necessary to make it effective. The Board of Directors only, by majority vote of all of the directors then in office, may remove a director; provided, however, that such removal may only be for cause. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.05.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VACANCIES</U>. Any vacancies in the Board of Directors occurring for any reason other than from
newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors, shall be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, even if said directors constitute less than a quorum, and a director elected to fill any such vacancy
shall serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders or until his successor has been duly elected and has qualified. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Newly created
directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors shall be filled by a majority of the entire Board of Directors (inclusive of vacancies) and a director elected to fill any such newly created vacancy shall serve until the next
annual meeting of shareholders or until his successor has been duly elected and has qualified. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.06.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>QUORUM</U>. At all meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of the entire Board of
Directors (inclusive of vacancies) shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the directors present at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise
specifically provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than
announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.07.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ANNUAL MEETING</U>. The newly
elected Board of Directors shall meet immediately following the adjournment of the annual meeting of shareholders in each year at the same place, within or without the State of New York, and no notice thereof shall be necessary. At each annual
meeting of such newly elected Board of Directors, the directors, by majority vote of the directors present thereat, shall elect one such director to serve as the Chairman of the Board, whose powers and authority shall consist of presiding at all
meetings of the Board of Directors and the calling of special meetings of the Board of Directors as provided in Section&nbsp;2.09 hereof. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.08.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>REGULAR MEETINGS</U>. Regular meetings of the
Board of Directors may be held at such time, date and place, within or without the State of New York, as shall from time to time be fixed by the Board of Directors and no notice thereof shall be necessary. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.09.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SPECIAL MEETINGS</U>. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of
the Board or the President on two (2)&nbsp;days&#146; notice by mail or on one days&#146; notice orally or by personal delivery, telecopier, telegram or electronic mail to each director. Special meetings shall be held at such time, date and place,
within or without the State of New York, as shall be fixed by the person or persons calling the meeting and stated in the notice or waiver of notice of the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>TELEPHONE CONFERENCE</U>. Any one or more members of the Board of Directors, or any committee
thereof, may participate in a meeting of such Board of Directors, or committee thereof, by conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and
participation in a meeting in such manner shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING</U>. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of
Directors, or any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all of the members of the Board of Directors, or committee thereof, consent in writing to the adoption of a resolution authorizing such action. The resolution and written
consents thereto by the members of the Board of Directors, or committee thereof, taking such action shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors, or committee thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE</U>. The Board of Directors, by resolution adopted by a majority of the
entire Board of Directors (inclusive of vacancies), may designate an Executive Committee to be composed of at least three (3)&nbsp;directors, which Executive Committee shall have full charge of and direct the business and affairs of the Corporation,
subject to the Board of Directors. The Executive Committee shall have the full powers of the Board of Directors, except as otherwise provided herein, by law or in the Certificate of Incorporation, between meetings of the Board of Directors, to
transact all ordinary business and affairs of the Corporation; shall adopt its own rules of procedure and its place of meeting; and at every meeting of the Board of Directors shall report the resolutions passed and business transacted by the
Executive Committee since the last meeting of the Board of Directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Executive Committee shall not have any authority as to any of the following matters: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The submission to the shareholders of any action requiring shareholders&#146; approval under law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The filling of vacancies in the Board of Directors or in any committee thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The fixing of compensation of the directors for serving on the Board of Directors or on any committee thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(4)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The amendment or repeal of the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> or the adoption of new <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws.</FONT> </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(5)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The amendment or repeal of any resolution of the Board of
Directors which by its terms shall not be so amendable or repealable. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Two (2)&nbsp;members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum at any
meeting of the Executive Committee. Any member of the Executive Committee shall be subject to removal from the Executive Committee at any time and for any reason by the affirmative vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors (inclusive of
vacancies). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>OTHER COMMITTEES</U>. The Board of Directors may, by resolution or resolutions
adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors (inclusive of vacancies), designate one or more other committees, each to be comprised of such number of directors provided in said resolution or resolutions, which to the extent provided in
said resolution or resolutions and within the limitations prescribed by law, shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation; provided, however, that no such other
committee shall have any authority as to any of the matters set forth in Section&nbsp;2.12 (1) through (5). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>OVERBOARDING</U>. Directors may serve on the boards of directors of no more than four publicly
traded companies inclusive of the Columbus McKinnon Board. The CEO may serve on the boards of directors of no more than two publicly traded companies inclusive of the Columbus McKinnon Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE III </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">OFFICERS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.01.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>OFFICERS</U>. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected or ratified annually by the Board
of Directors, and shall be a President, one or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person, except the offices of President and Secretary. The Board of Directors may also elect or appoint
such other officers as it may from time to time determine. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.02.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>TERMS OF OFFICE</U>. Unless
otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, all officers shall hold office until the first meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual meeting of shareholders and until his or her successor has been elected and qualified or until
his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Each additional officer appointed or elected by the Board of Directors shall hold office for such term as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors and until his or her
successor has been elected or appointed and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.03.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>REMOVAL</U>. Any officer or agent elected by the Board of Directors may be removed by the Board
of Directors whenever in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.04.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VACANCIES</U>. Any vacancy occurring in any office because of death, resignation, removal,
disqualification or otherwise, may be filled by majority vote of the Board of Directors then in office for the unexpired portion of the term. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.05.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>COMPENSATION</U>. Compensation of all officers
shall be fixed by the Board of Directors, and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such compensation by virtue of his or her also being a director of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.06.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>THE PRESIDENT</U>. The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation; shall
preside at all meetings of the shareholders; in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors; subject to the powers of the Board of Directors, shall have general charge of the business, affairs
and property of the Corporation, and control over its officers, agents and employees; and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. The President shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts
requiring a seal, under the seal of the Corporation, except where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some
other officer or agent of the Corporation. The President shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or as may be provided in these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws.</FONT> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.07.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VICE PRESIDENTS</U>. The Vice President, or if there shall be more than one, the Vice Presidents
in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board and the President, act with all of the powers and be subject to all the restrictions of the Chairman of the Board and the President.
The Vice Presidents may serve as officers or assistant officers as determined by the Board of Directors or the President. The Vice Presidents shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors, the President or
these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> may from time to time prescribe. The Vice Presidents may be designated as an Executive Vice President, a Senior Vice President or a Vice President with a functional title. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.08.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>THE SECRETARY AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES</U>. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the
Board of Directors, all meetings of the committees thereof, and all meetings of the shareholders and shall record all the proceedings of such meetings in a book or books to be kept for that purpose. Under the Chairman of the Board and the
President&#146;s supervision, the Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, all notices required to be given by these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> or by law; shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of
Directors, the President or these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> may from time to time prescribe; and shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation. The Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to
affix the corporate seal to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by his or her signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix
the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his or her signature. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability
of the Secretary, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary may from time to time prescribe. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.09.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>THE TREASURER AND THE ASSISTANT TREASURERS</U>. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the
corporate funds and securities; shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation; shall </P>
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deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors; shall cause the funds of the Corporation to be
disbursed when such disbursements have been duly authorized, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements; and shall render to the Chairman of the Board and the President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meeting or when the Board of
Directors so requires, an account of the Corporation; and shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of Directors, the President or these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> may from time to time prescribe. If required
by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond (which shall be rendered every six years) in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the
duties of the office of the Treasurer and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in the possession or under
the control of the Treasurer belonging to the Corporation. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall in the absence or disability of the Treasurer,
perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer. The Assistant Treasurers shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Treasurer may, from time to time, prescribe. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>OTHER OFFICERS, ASSISTANT OFFICERS AND AGENTS</U>. Officers, assistant officers and agents, if
any, other than those whose duties are provided for in these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws,</FONT> shall have such authority and perform such duties as may from time to time be prescribed by resolution of the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>ABSENCE OR DISABILITY OF OFFICERS</U>. In the case of the absence or disability of any officer of
the Corporation and of any person hereby authorized to act in such officer&#146;s place during such officer&#146;s absence or disability, the Board of Directors may by resolution delegate the powers and duties of such officer to any other officer or
to any director, or to any other person whom it may select. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE IV </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">CERTIFICATES OF STOCK </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.01.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>FORM</U>. The interest of each shareholder of the Corporation may be evidenced either by
certificates for shares of stock in such form (including punch cards, magnetically coded or otherwise treated forms to facilitate machine or automatic processing) as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe or may be uncertificated. In
the event that shares are certificated, each certificate of stock shall in any event state upon its face all matters required by law. Each certificate of stock issued at any time the Corporation is authorized to issue shares of more than one class
of stock shall set out on it the designations, relative rights, preferences and limitations of each class and series then authorized and the power of the Board of Directors to divide any such shares and to change such designations, relative rights,
preferences and limitations. The certificates of stock shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or by the President or a Vice President and sealed with the seal of the Corporation or a facsimile thereof, and countersigned by the
Secretary, or the Treasurer, or an Assistant Secretary, or an Assistant Treasurer, and registered in such manner, if any, as the Board of Directors may by resolution prescribe. Where any such certificate is countersigned by
</P>
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a transfer agent other than the Corporation or its employee, or registered by a registrar other than the Corporation or its employee, the signature of any such officer may be a facsimile
signature. In case any officer or officers who have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used on, any such certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or officers of the Corporation whether because of
death, resignation or otherwise, before such certificate or certificates shall have been delivered by the Corporation, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Corporation and be issued and delivered as though the person
or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signature or signatures shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Subject to the restrictions, if any, stated or noted on the stock certificate or on the transfer books of the Corporation&#146;s transfer
agent, shares of stock may be transferred on the books of the Corporation by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate therefore, properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment and power of attorney properly
executed, with necessary transfer stamps affixed, and with such proof of the authenticity of signature as the Board of Directors or the transfer agent of the Corporation may reasonably require, or if such shares are uncertificated, by book entry by
the transfer agent, or any other means which are the usual and customary means of evidencing the transfer of the shares by the transfer agent. Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the certificate of incorporation or by these <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws,</FONT> the Corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to receive notice
and to vote or to give any consent with respect thereto, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock until the shares have been properly transferred on the books of the Corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.02.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>LOST CERTIFICATES</U>. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or certificates to be
issued in place of any certificate or certificates previously issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen,
or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate or
certificates, or his or her legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify the Corporation against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate
or the issuance of such new certificate. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.03.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>FIXING A RECORD DATE FOR SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS</U>.
In order that the Corporation may determine the shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon
which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60)&nbsp;nor less than ten (10)&nbsp;days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board
of Directors, the record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if no notice is given, on the
day on which the meeting is held. A determination of shareholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">17 </P>

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shareholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.04.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>FIXING A RECORD DATE FOR OTHER PURPOSES</U>. In order that the Corporation may determine the
shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment or any rights or the shareholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of shares, or for the purposes of any
other lawful action, the record date shall be the date upon which the resolution of the Board of Directors relating thereto is adopted or such later date not more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days prior to such action as may be specified in such resolution
of the Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.05.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>REGISTERED SHAREHOLDERS</U>. Prior to the surrender to the
Corporation of the certificate or certificates for a share or shares with a request to record the transfer of such share or shares, the Corporation may treat the registered owner as the person entitled to receive dividends, to vote, to receive
notifications and otherwise to exercise all the rights and powers of an owner. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE V </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">GENERAL PROVISIONS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.01.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>DIVIDENDS</U>. Dividends upon the shares of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the
Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.
Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, deem proper as a reserve or reserves to meet
contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or any other purpose and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.02.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CHECKS, DRAFTS OR ORDERS</U>. All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money by or
to the Corporation and all notes and other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent or agents of the Corporation, and in such manner, as shall be determined by resolution of
the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.03.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CONTRACTS</U>. The Board of
Directors may authorize any officer or officers, or any agent or agents, of the Corporation to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation, and such authority may be general or
confined to specific instances. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.04.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>FISCAL YEAR</U>. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be
fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.05.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>CORPORATE SEAL</U>. The Board of Directors
shall provide a corporate seal which shall be in the form of a circle and shall have inscribed thereon the name of the </P>
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Corporation and the words &#147;Corporate Seal, New York.&#148; The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.06.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>VOTING SECURITIES OWNED BY THE CORPORATION</U>. Voting securities in any other corporation held
by the Corporation shall be voted by the President, unless the Board of Directors specifically confers authority to vote with respect thereto, which authority may be general or confined to specific instances, upon some other person or officer. Any
person authorized to vote securities shall have the power to appoint proxies, with general power of substitution. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.07.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>DELIVERY OF NOTICE; NOTICE BY ELECTRONIC TRANSMISSION</U>. Without limiting the manner by which
notice otherwise may be given effectively to shareholders, any notice to shareholders given by the Corporation under any provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> may be given in writing
directed to the shareholder&#146;s mailing address (or by electronic transmission directed to the shareholder&#146;s electronic mail address, as applicable) as it appears on the records of the Corporation and shall be given (1)&nbsp;if mailed, when
the notice is deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid, (2)&nbsp;if delivered by courier service, the earlier of when the notice is received or left at such shareholder&#146;s address or (3)&nbsp;if given by electronic mail, when directed to such
shareholder&#146;s electronic mail address unless the shareholder has notified the Corporation in writing or by electronic transmission of an objection to receiving notice by electronic mail. A notice by electronic mail must include a prominent
legend that the communication is an important notice regarding the Corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may
be given effectively to shareholders, any notice to shareholders given by the Corporation under any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> shall be effective if given by a form of
electronic transmission consented to by the shareholder to whom the notice is given. Any such consent shall be revocable by the shareholder by written notice or electronic transmission to the Corporation. Notwithstanding the provisions of this
paragraph, the Corporation may give a notice by electronic mail in accordance with the first paragraph of this section without obtaining the consent required by this paragraph. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any notice given pursuant to the preceding paragraph shall be deemed given: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the shareholder has consented
to receive notice; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to
the shareholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A)&nbsp;such posting and (B)&nbsp;the giving of such separate notice; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the shareholder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding the foregoing, a notice may not be given by an electronic transmission from and after the time that (1)&nbsp;the Corporation
is unable to deliver by such electronic transmission two (2)&nbsp;consecutive notices given by the Corporation and (2)&nbsp;such inability </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">19 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer agent, or other person responsible for the giving of notice, provided, however, the inadvertent
failure to discover such inability shall not invalidate any meeting or other action. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.08.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>SECTION HEADINGS</U>. Section&nbsp;headings in these
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> are for convenience of reference only and shall not be given any substantive effect in limiting or otherwise construing any provision herein. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.09.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>INCONSISTENT PROVISIONS</U>. In the event that any provision of these <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> is or becomes inconsistent with any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Business Corporation Law of the State of New York or any other applicable law, the provisions of these <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> shall not be given any effect to the extent of such inconsistency but shall otherwise be given full force and effect. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE VI </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">AMENDMENTS </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">These <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> may be amended, altered or repealed and new
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> adopted at any meeting of the Board of Directors by a majority vote of the entire Board of Directors (inclusive of vacancies). The fact that the power to adopt, amend, alter or repeal the <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> has been conferred upon the Board of Directors shall not divest the shareholders of the same powers. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE VII </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">FORUM SELECTION </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, (a)&nbsp;any state court located within the State of New
York (a &#147;<U>New York Court</U>&#148;) (or, in the event that a New York Court does not have jurisdiction, a federal district court located within the State of New York) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive
forum for (i)&nbsp;any derivative action, suit or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii)&nbsp;any action, suit or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer<B> </B>or shareholder of the
Corporation to the Corporation or to the Corporation&#146;s shareholders, (iii)&nbsp;any action, suit or proceeding arising pursuant to any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or these <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">By-laws</FONT> (as
either may be amended from time to time) or (iv)&nbsp;any action, suit or proceeding asserting a claim against the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine; and (b)&nbsp;subject to the preceding provisions of this Article VII, the
federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause or causes of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, including all causes of action
asserted against any defendant to such complaint. If any action the subject matter of which is within the scope of clause (a)&nbsp;of the immediately preceding sentence is filed in a court other than the courts in the State of New York (a
&#147;<U>Foreign Action</U>&#148;) in the name of any shareholder, such shareholder shall be deemed to have consented to (x)&nbsp;the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in the State of New York in connection with any action
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">20 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
brought in any such court to enforce the provisions of clause (a)&nbsp;of the immediately preceding sentence and (y)&nbsp;having service of process made upon such shareholder in any such action
by service upon such shareholder&#146;s counsel in the Foreign Action as agent for such shareholder. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any person or entity purchasing or
otherwise acquiring any interest in any security of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to this Article VII. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Article VII shall not apply to suits brought to enforce
any liability or duty created by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any other claim for which the federal courts of the United States have exclusive jurisdiction. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If any provision or provisions of this Article VII shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable as applied to any circumstance for
any reason whatsoever, (a)&nbsp;the validity, legality and enforceability of such provisions in any other circumstance and of the remaining provisions of this Article VII (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of this Article
VII containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (b)&nbsp;the application of such provision to
other persons or entities and circumstances shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">21 </P>

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<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?>
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<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<xsd:schema
  xmlns:nonnum="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric"
  xmlns:num="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric"
  xmlns:us-types="http://fasb.org/us-types/2022"
  xmlns:cmco="http://www.cmworks.com/20230711"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022"
  xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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  attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
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  targetNamespace="http://www.cmworks.com/20230711"
  xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric-2009-12-16.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/numeric" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/nonNumeric-2009-12-16.xsd" namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/non-numeric" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2022/naics-2022.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/naics/2022" />
    <xsd:import schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" />
  <xsd:annotation>
    <xsd:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="cmco-20230711_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:title="Label Links, all" xlink:type="simple" />
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      <link:roleType roleURI="http://www.cmworks.com//20230711/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" id="Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
        <link:definition>100000 - Document - Document and Entity Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
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<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
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<link:linkbase
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Type</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security 12b Title</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Written Communications</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Soliciting Material</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
  </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>cmco-20230711_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release master Build:20221108.6 -->
<!-- Creation date: 7/12/2023 12:15:54 AM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2023 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
<link:linkbase
    xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
    xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
  <link:roleRef roleURI="http://www.cmworks.com//20230711/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:href="cmco-20230711.xsd#Role_DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
  <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.cmworks.com//20230711/taxonomy/role/DocumentDocumentAndEntityInformation">
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName" order="22.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" order="23.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag" order="24.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" order="25.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" order="26.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType" order="28.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" order="29.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" order="30.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber" order="31.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" order="32.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" order="33.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" order="34.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" order="35.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" order="36.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode" order="37.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" order="38.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle" order="39.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol" order="40.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName" order="41.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications" order="42.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial" order="43.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" order="44.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140109882694960">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 11, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">COLUMBUS MCKINNON CORP<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NC<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001005229<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--03-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jul. 11,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-34362<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">16-0547600<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">13320 Ballantyne Corporate Place,<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite D<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Charlotte<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">28277<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(716)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">689-5400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">CMCO<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
