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Note 8 - Investments, Including Investments Accounted for Using the Equity Method | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2023
Notes to Financial Statements |
Investment [Text Block] | NOTE 8. I NVESTMENTS, INCLUDING INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR USING THE EQUITY METHOD Short-term Investments Short-term investments consist of certificates of deposit, U.S. Treasury securities, and common stock warrants. The U.S. Treasury securities are held by UCS, classified as held to maturity, mature in less than twelve months, and are reported at amortized cost which approximates fair value. Our common stock warrants of Sky Harbour Group Corporation are measured at fair value, with any unrealized holding gains and losses during the period included in earnings.
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
U.S. Treasury notes held to maturity |  | $ | 7,953,124 |  |  | $ | 4,757,224 |
Common stock warrants of Sky Harbour Group Corporation |  |  | 3,782,692 |  |  |  | 1,531,604 |
Total |  | $ | 11,735,816 |  |  | $ | 6,288,828 |
Marketable Equity Securities Our marketable equity securities are publicly traded stocks measured at fair value using quoted prices for identical assets in active markets and classified as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. Our marketable equity securities are held by UCS and Boston Omaha. Marketable equity securities as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows:
|  |  |  |  |  | Gross |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |
|  | Cost |  |  | Gain (Loss) |  |  | Value |
Marketable equity securities, March 31, 2023 |  | $ | 8,967,897 |  |  | $ | (513,891 | ) |  | $ | 8,454,006 |
Marketable equity securities, December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 9,665,100 |  |  | $ | (896,162 | ) |  | $ | 8,768,938 |
U.S. Treasury Trading Securities We classify our investments in debt securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term as trading securities. Our debt securities classified as trading are carried at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets, with the change in fair value during the period included in earnings. Interest income is recognized at the coupon rate. Debt securities classified as trading as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are as follows:
|  |  |  |  |  | Gross |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Unrealized |  |  | Fair |
|  | Cost |  |  | Gain (Loss) |  |  | Value |
U.S. Treasury trading securities, March 31, 2023 |  | $ | 57,750,386 |  |  | $ | (62,441 | ) |  | $ | 57,687,945 |
U.S. Treasury trading securities, December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 33,888,165 |  |  | $ | (367,764 | ) |  | $ | 33,520,401 |
Long-term Investments Long-term investments consist of U.S. Treasury securities held to maturity and certain equity investments. We have the intent and the ability to hold the U.S. Treasury securities to maturity, occurring in fiscal 2024. Our U.S. Treasury securities are stated at amortized cost which approximates fair value and are held by UCS. Equity Investments During May 2018, we invested $19,058,485 in voting common stock of CB&T Holding Corporation, which we refer to as “CB&T,” the privately held parent company of Crescent Bank & Trust. Our investment represents 15.60% of CB&T’s outstanding common stock. CB&T is a closely held corporation, whose majority ownership rests with one family. During January 2018, we exchanged our convertible note receivable from Breezeway Homes, Inc., which we refer to as “Breezeway,” for 31,227 shares of preferred stock. The preferred stock is noncumulative and has a dividend rate of $.2665 per share, should dividends be declared. The preferred stock has one vote per share and is convertible into whole shares of common stock, determined according to the conversion formula contained in Breezeway’s amended and restated articles of incorporation. In addition, our investment provides us with a multi-year right to sell insurance and/or warranty products through Breezeway's software platform to its customers.
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
U.S. Treasury securities held to maturity |  | $ | 6,729,457 |  |  | $ | 6,729,457 |
Preferred stock |  |  | 348,694 |  |  |  | 348,694 |
Voting common stock of CB&T Holding Corporation |  |  | 19,058,485 |  |  |  | 19,058,485 |
Total |  | $ | 26,136,636 |  |  | $ | 26,136,636 |
We reviewed our investments as of March 31, 2023 and concluded that no impairment to the carrying value was required. Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliates We have various investments in equity method affiliates, whose businesses are in real estate, real estate services, private aviation infrastructure, and asset management. Our interest in these affiliates ranges from approximately 16% to 23%. Two of the investments in affiliates, Logic Real Estate Companies, LLC, which we refer to as “Logic,” and 24th Street Holding Company, LLC, having a combined carrying amount of $618,587 as of March 31, 2023, are managed by an entity controlled by a member of our board of directors. 24th Street Fund I & 24th Street Fund II During 2020, we invested a total of $6,000,000 in two funds, 24th Street Fund I, LLC, and 24th Street Fund II, LLC, that are managed by 24th Street Asset Management LLC, a subsidiary of 24th Street Holding Company, LLC, which we currently own approximately 49.9% of both directly and indirectly through our ownership in Logic. The funds focus on opportunities within secured lending and direct investments in commercial real estate. Sky Harbour Group Corporation In October 2020, our subsidiary BOC Yellowstone LLC, served as sponsor for the underwritten initial public offering of a special purpose acquisition company named Yellowstone Acquisition Company. Yellowstone sold in its public offering 13,598,898 units at a price of $10.00 per unit, each unit consisting of one share of Class A common stock and a redeemable warrant to purchase one-half of a share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. Between August and November 2020, we invested, through BOC Yellowstone, approximately $7.8 million through the purchase of 3,399,724 shares of Class B common stock and 7,719,779 non-redeemable private placement warrants, each warrant entitling us to purchase one share of Class A common stock at $11.50 per share. BOC Yellowstone, as the sponsor of Yellowstone and under the terms of the public offering, owned approximately 20% of Yellowstone's issued and outstanding common stock. The purpose of the offering was to pursue a business combination in an industry other than the three industries in which we currently own and operate businesses: outdoor advertising, surety insurance, and broadband services businesses. The Units were sold at a price of $10.00 per unit, generating gross proceeds to Yellowstone of $125,000,000, and traded on the NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC under the ticker symbol “YSACU”. After the securities comprising the units began separate trading, the shares of Class A common stock and warrants were listed on NASDAQ under the symbols “YSAC” and “YSACW,” respectively. On August 1, 2021, Yellowstone entered into a business combination agreement with Sky Harbour LLC (“SHG”), a developer of private aviation infrastructure focused on building, leasing and managing business aviation hangars. On September 14, 2021, our subsidiary BOC YAC Funding LLC completed the previously-announced investment of $55 million in Series B Preferred Units of SHG. In addition to our $55 million investment, we also agreed to provide SHG an additional $45 million through the purchase of additional shares of Yellowstone Class A common stock at a price of $10 per share through a private placement investment (“PIPE”). On January 25, 2022, Yellowstone completed the previously announced proposed business combination with SHG following stockholder approval. As a result, SHG became a consolidated subsidiary of Yellowstone and Yellowstone was renamed Sky Harbour Group Corporation, which we refer to as "Sky Harbour". In connection with the business combination, our Series B Preferred Units of SHG converted into 5,500,000 shares of Sky Harbour Group Class A common stock at a price of $10 per share. Also, in connection with the business combination, we entered into a subscription agreement with Sky Harbour, pursuant to which Sky Harbour sold to us 4,500,000 shares of Class A common stock at a price of $10 per share, for total cash consideration of $45 million. During the first quarter of fiscal 2022, we recognized a non-cash gain of $24,977,740 related to our deconsolidation of Yellowstone, which is included within other income on our Consolidated Statement of Operations. Of the total gain recognized on deconsolidation, approximately $10,000,000 relates to the remeasurement of our retained investment in Sky Harbour via the Sponsor shares, Series B Preferred Units, and PIPE investment, each of which converted into shares of Sky Harbour's Class A common stock on the transaction date, and approximately $15,000,000 relates to the deconsolidation of Yellowstone's assets and liabilities as of the transaction date. The fair value of our retained investment at the deconsolidation date was measured based upon the observable trading price of Sky Harbour's Class A common stock. Subsequent to the business combination, we account for our 22.95% equity investment in Sky Harbour, comprised of 13,118,474 shares of Class A common stock, under the equity method. All the shares of Sky Harbour Class A common stock and Sky Harbour Warrants to purchase Class A common stock that we hold have been registered under the Securities Act. However, our ability to resell any significant portion of these shares is limited by both the large number of shares and warrants we hold relative to the average trading volume of these securities as well as blackout periods which may prevent us from selling shares as one of our Co-Chief Executive Officers serves on Sky's Board of Directors. The terms of the Sky Harbour business combination prohibited us from selling any of our securities in Sky Harbour prior to January 25, 2023 and has since expired. If our investment in Sky Harbour's Class A common stock was accounted for at fair value based on its quoted market price as of March 31, 2023, it would be valued at approximately $94,300,000. We have evaluated our investment in Sky Harbour as of March 31, 2023, and determined that there was not an other-than-temporary impairment. Our conclusion was based on several contributing factors, including: (i) our assessment that the underlying business and financial condition of Sky Harbour is favorable; (ii) the period of time for which the fair value has been less than the carrying value, (iii) the recovery of Sky Harbour's stock price since the beginning of 2023, and (iv) our ability and intent to hold the investment. We will continue to review our investment in Sky Harbour for an other-than-temporary impairment on a quarterly basis or upon the occurrence of certain events. If Sky Harbour's stock price drops below our carrying value of $7.73 per share for a sustained period of time, it will likely result in an impairment of our investment. There may also be a future impairment of our investment if our expectations about Sky Harbour's prospective results of operations and cash flows decline, which could be influenced by a variety of factors including adverse market conditions. The following table is a reconciliation of our investments in equity affiliates as presented in investments in unconsolidated affiliates on our consolidated balance sheets, together with combined summarized financial data related to the unconsolidated affiliates:
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Beginning of year |  | $ | 114,133,349 |  |  | $ | 61,660,905 |
Additional investments in unconsolidated affiliates |  |  | - |  |  |  | 45,094,500 |
Distributions received |  |  | - |  |  |  | (642,511 | )
Reclassification of marketable securities to investment in affiliate |  |  | - |  |  |  | 23,483 |
Transfer of interest |  |  | - |  |  |  | (625,498 | )
Gain on retained interest of deconsolidated affiliate |  |  | - |  |  |  | 10,010,090 |
Equity in loss of unconsolidated affiliates |  |  | (4,980,078 | ) |  |  | (1,387,620 | )
End of period |  | $ | 109,153,271 |  |  | $ | 114,133,349 |
Combined summarized financial data for these affiliates is as follows:
|  | For the Three Months Ended |
|  | March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Revenue |  | $ | 3,648,762 |  |  | $ | 6,612,827 |
Gross profit |  |  | 3,017,056 |  |  |  | 3,261,322 |
Loss from continuing operations |  |  | (4,865,810 | ) |  |  | (5,134,293 | )
Net loss |  |  | (5,985,768 | ) |  |  | (18,695,284 | )

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