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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
______________________
FORM 10-Q
______________________
(Mark one)
x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission file number: 001-36827
______________________
Anterix Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
______________________

Delaware | 33-0745043
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
3 Garret Mountain Plaza Suite 401 Woodland Park, New Jersey | 07424
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code)

(973) 771-0300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
______________________
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value | ATEX | The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (Nasdaq Capital Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). x Yes o No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | o | Accelerated filer | o
Non-accelerated filer | x | Smaller reporting company | x
Emerging growth company | o |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No
At November 10, 2023, 18,769,676 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

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Anterix Inc.
FORM 10-Q
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Consolidated Financial Statements | 5
| Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) and March 31, 2023 | 5
| Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 | 6
| Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 | 7
| Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022 | 8
| Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 | 9
| Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements | 10
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 20
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 28
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 28
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION | 30
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 30
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 30
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 30
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 30
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 31
Item 5. | Other Information | 31
Item 6. | Exhibits | 32
SIGNATURES | 33

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Quarterly Report”) includes statements of our expectations, intentions, plans, projections, guidance and beliefs that constitute “forward-looking statements.” These forward-looking statements are principally, but not solely, contained in the section captioned “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These statements include, but are not limited to, statements about our strategies, plans, objectives, expectations, projections, guidance, intentions, expenditures and assumptions and other statements contained herein that are not historical facts. Our forward-looking statements are generally, but not always, accompanied by words such as, but not limited to, “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend” “may,” “might,” “ongoing,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions or phrases, or the negative of those expressions or phrases, or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes, which are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations, guidance and projections and related assumptions about future events and financial trends. While our management considers these expectations, guidance, projections and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, regulatory and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. There can be no assurance that actual developments will be as we anticipate. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in these statements as a result of significant risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to:
•our ability to qualify for and obtain broadband licenses in a timely manner or at all from the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) in accordance with the requirements of the Report and Order approved by the FCC on May 13, 2020 (the “Report and Order”);
•our ability to successfully commercialize our spectrum assets to our targeted utility and critical infrastructure customers on a timely basis, including those customers that are above the Demonstrated Intent threshold, and on commercially favorable terms, including our ability to monetize our spectrum on financial terms consistent with our business plan and assumptions;
•our ability to correctly estimate our cash receipts, revenues and operating expenses and our future financial needs;
•our ability to achieve our operating and financial projections and guidance;
•our ability to support our future operations and business plans and return capital to our stockholders through our share repurchase program with our existing cash resources and the proceeds we generate from our commercial operations without raising additional capital through the issuance of stock or debt securities;
•the extent and duration of the impact of macroeconomic pressures, including but not limited to pandemics, inflation, regulatory and policy changes, and geopolitical matters, on our business and on our potential customers’ businesses;
•our ability to retune, protect or acquire covered incumbent narrowband licensees, including complex systems, in a timely manner and on commercially reasonable terms, or at all;
•our ability to satisfy our obligations, including the delivery of cleared spectrum and broadband licenses, and the other contingencies required by our commercial agreements with our customers on a timely basis and on commercially reasonable terms;
•whether federal and state agencies and commissions will support the deployment of broadband networks and services by our targeted customers;
•our ability to maintain any narrowband and broadband licenses that we own, acquire and/or obtain;
•government regulations or actions taken by governmental bodies could adversely affect our business prospects, liquidity and results of operations, including any changes by the FCC to the Report and Order or to the FCC rules and regulations governing the 900 MHz band;
•our ability to successfully compete against the third parties who offer spectrum and communication technologies, products and solutions to our targeted customers;
•our ability to retain executive officers and key personnel and attract, retain and motivate qualified talent;
•our ability to successfully manage our planned growth;
•the ability to develop and sustain a robust market for our common stock;
3

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•our ability to predict, influence or control factors that may cause our common stock price to be volatile or cause the value of our common stock to decline;
•the expected timing and amount of purchases and the related impact to our common stock relating to our share repurchase program; and
•how the concentrated ownership of our common stock may limit other stockholders’ ability to influence corporate matters.
The matters discussed in these forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected, anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements. Many of these risks, uncertainties and other factors are beyond our ability to control, influence, or predict. The most significant of these risks, uncertainties and other factors are described in “Item 1A—Risk Factors” in Part II of this Quarterly Report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on June 14, 2023. As a result, investors are urged not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements reflect our views and assumptions only as of the date such forward-looking statements were made. Except to the limited extent required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
4

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1: Consolidated Financial Statements
Anterix Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

| September 30, 2023 |  | March 31, 2023
| (Unaudited) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current Assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 48,534 |  | $ | 43,182
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 13,578 |  | 16,277
Total current assets | 62,112 |  | 59,459
Property and equipment, net | 2,323 |  | 3,606
Right of use assets, net | 2,826 |  | 3,371
Intangible assets | 197,566 |  | 202,044
Other assets | 15,049 |  | 10,078
Total assets | $ | 279,876 |  | $ | 278,558
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | $ | 6,998 |  | $ | 6,624
Due to related parties | — |  | 533
Operating lease liabilities | 1,610 |  | 1,725
Contingent liability | 1,409 |  | 20,249
Deferred revenue | 5,281 |  | 2,769
Total current liabilities | 15,298 |  | 31,900
Operating lease liabilities | 2,278 |  | 2,922
Deferred revenue | 74,984 |  | 57,990
Deferred gain on sale of intangible assets | 4,889 |  | —
Deferred income tax | 5,813 |  | 5,440
Other liabilities | 513 |  | 513
Total liabilities | 103,775 |  | 98,765
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized and no shares outstanding at September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023 | — |  | —
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized and 18,768,491 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and 18,921,999 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 | 2 |  | 2
Additional paid-in capital | 525,248 |  | 518,160
Accumulated deficit | (349,149) |  | (338,369)
Total stockholders’ equity | 176,101 |  | 179,793
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 279,876 |  | $ | 278,558

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
5

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Anterix Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Spectrum revenues | $ | 1,052 |  |  | $ | 398 |  |  | $ | 1,660 |  |  | $ | 733 |
Operating expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
General and administrative | 11,905 |  |  | 11,427 |  |  | 23,578 |  |  | 22,786 |
Sales and support | 1,310 |  |  | 1,164 |  |  | 2,585 |  |  | 2,400 |
Product development | 1,147 |  |  | 980 |  |  | 2,216 |  |  | 2,076 |
Depreciation and amortization | 209 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 455 |  |  | 734 |
Operating expenses | 14,571 |  |  | 13,943 |  |  | 28,834 |  |  | 27,996 |
Gain on disposal of intangible assets, net | (8,513) |  |  | (2,905) |  |  | (19,298) |  | (3,553) |
Gain on sale of intangible assets, net | (7,332) |  | — |  |  | (7,332) |  | — |
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets, net | 67 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 36 |  | 22 |
Gain (loss) from operations | 2,259 |  |  | (10,660) |  |  | (580) |  |  | (23,732) |
Interest income | 396 |  |  | 244 |  |  | 782 |  |  | 261 |
Other income (expense) | 63 |  |  | (12) |  |  | 158 |  |  | 47 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 2,718 |  |  | (10,428) |  |  | 360 |  |  | (23,424) |
Income tax expense | 645 |  |  | 215 |  |  | 405 |  |  | 415 |
Net income (loss) | $ | 2,073 |  |  | $ | (10,643) |  |  | $ | (45) |  |  | $ | (23,839) |
Net income (loss) per common share basic | $ | 0.11 |  |  | $ | (0.56) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1.27) |
Net income (loss) per common share diluted | $ | 0.11 |  |  | $ | (0.56) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (1.27) |
Weighted-average common shares used to compute basic net income (loss) per share | 18,921,126 |  |  | 18,953,044 |  |  | 18,935,929 |  |  | 18,786,928 |
Weighted-average common shares used to compute diluted net income (loss) per share | 19,109,394 |  |  | 18,953,044 |  |  | 18,935,929 |  |  | 18,786,928 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6

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Anterix Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Number of Shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Common stock |  | Common stock |  | Additional paid-in capital |  | Accumulated deficit |  | Total
Balance at June 30, 2023 | 19,047 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 521,680 |  | $ | (340,487) |  |  | $ | 181,195
Equity based compensation | — |  | — |  | 3,838 |  | — |  | 3,838
Restricted shares issued | 62 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Stock option exercises | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Shares withheld for taxes | (8) |  |  | — |  | (270) |  |  | — |  | (270) |
Retirement of common stock | (333) |  | — |  | — |  | (10,735) |  |  | (10,735) |
Net income | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,073 |  |  | 2,073 |
Balance at September 30, 2023 | 18,768 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 525,248 |  | $ | (349,149) |  |  | $ | 176,101
Balance at March 31, 2023 | 18,922 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 518,160 |  | $ | (338,369) |  |  | $ | 179,793
Equity based compensation | — |  | — |  | 8,103 |  | — |  | 8,103
Restricted shares issued | 210 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Stock option exercises | — |  | — |  | 7 |  | — |  | 7
Shares withheld for taxes | (31) |  |  | — |  | (1,022) |  |  | — |  | (1,022) |
Retirement of common stock | (333) |  |  | — |  | — |  | (10,735) |  |  | (10,735) |
Net loss | — |  | — |  | — |  | (45) |  |  | (45) |
Balance at September 30, 2023 | 18,768 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 525,248 |  | $ | (349,149) |  |  | $ | 176,101

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
7

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Anterix Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Number of Shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Common stock |  | Common stock |  | Additional paid-in capital |  | Accumulated deficit |  | Total
Balance at June 30, 2022 | 18,944 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 504,298 |  | $ | (329,750) |  |  | $ | 174,550
Equity based compensation | — |  | — |  | 4,691 |  | — |  | 4,691
Restricted shares issued | 81 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Shares withheld for taxes | (11) |  | — |  | (509) |  | — |  | (509) |
Retirement of common stock | (54) |  | — |  | — |  | (2,000) |  |  | (2,000) |
Net loss | — |  | — |  | — |  | (10,643) |  |  | (10,643) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | 18,960 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 508,480 |  | $ | (342,393) |  |  | $ | 166,089
Balance at March 31, 2022 | 18,378 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 500,125 |  | $ | (313,829) |  |  | $ | 186,298
Equity based compensation | — |  | — |  | 8,819 |  | — |  | 8,819
Restricted shares issued | 185 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Stock option exercises | 37 |  | — |  | 872 |  | — |  | 872
Motorola shares | 500 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Shares withheld for taxes | (30) |  | — |  | (1,336) |  | — |  | (1,336) |
Retirement of common stock | (110) |  | — |  | — |  | (4,725) |  |  | (4,725) |
Net loss | — |  | — |  | — |  | (23,839) |  |  | (23,839) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | 18,960 |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 508,480 |  | $ | (342,393) |  |  | $ | 166,089

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Anterix Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |
Net loss | $ | (45) |  |  | $ | (23,839) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 455 |  | 734
Non-cash compensation expense attributable to stock awards | 8,103 |  | 8,819
Deferred income taxes | 373 |  | 403
Gain on disposal of intangible assets, net | (19,298) |  |  | (3,553)
Gain on sale of intangible assets, net | (7,332) |  |  | —
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets, net | 36 |  | 22
Changes in operating assets and liabilities |  |  |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | 788 |  | 1,263
Right of use assets | 545 |  | 518
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 374 |  | (1,132)
Due to related parties | (533) |  | —
Operating lease liabilities | (759) |  |  | (699) |
Contingent Liability | — |  | 249
Deferred revenue | 19,506 |  | (733)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 2,213 |  | (17,948) |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |
Purchases of intangible assets, including refundable deposits | (10,077) |  |  | (11,228) |
Proceeds from sale of spectrum | 25,178 |  |  | — |
Purchases of equipment | (212) |  |  | (1,145) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 14,889 |  |  | (12,373) |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |
Proceeds from stock option exercises | 7 |  | 872
Repurchase of common stock | (10,735) |  |  | (4,725)
Payments of withholding tax on net issuance of restricted stock | (1,022) |  |  | (1,336)
Net cash used in financing activities | (11,750) |  |  | (5,189)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 5,352 |  | (35,510) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |  |  |
Beginning of the period | 43,182 |  | 105,624
End of the period | $ | 48,534 |  | $ | 70,114
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION |  |  |
Cash paid during the period: |  |  |
Taxes paid | $ | 1 |  | $ | 12
Non-cash investing activity: |  |  |
Network equipment provided in exchange for wireless licenses | $ | 568 |  | $ | 29
Deferred gain on sale of intangible assets | $ | 4,889 |  | $ | —
Derecognition of contingent liability related to sale of intangible assets | $ | 18,840 |  | $ | —

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Anterix Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation
Anterix Inc. (the “Company”) is a wireless communications company focused on commercializing its spectrum assets to enable its targeted utility and critical infrastructure customers to deploy private broadband networks and on offering innovative broadband solutions to the same target customers. The Company is the largest holder of licensed spectrum in the 900 MHz band (896 - 901 / 935 - 940 MHz) with nationwide coverage throughout the contiguous United States, Hawaii, Alaska and Puerto Rico. On May 13, 2020, the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) approved the Report and Order (the “Report and Order”) to modernize and realign the 900 MHz band to increase its usability and capacity by allowing it to be utilized for the deployment of broadband networks, technologies and solutions. The Report and Order was published in the Federal Register on July 16, 2020, and became effective on August 17, 2020. The Company is now engaged in qualifying for and securing broadband licenses from the FCC. At the same time, the Company is pursuing opportunities to monetize the broadband spectrum it secures to its targeted utility and critical infrastructure customers. The Company is also expanding the benefits and solutions it offers to the same targeted customers. As part of the Company’s solution expansion, the Company launched an integrated platform to accelerate the scale benefits of combining, or networking together, individual private broadband networks to enhance utilities’ resiliency, reach and collaboration. The first commercial service on the platform, CatalyX, includes public network roaming management solution along with secure, remote SIM provisioning. CatalyX is a turnkey connectivity management solution that helps utilities gain economic and operational benefits leveraging commercial broadband during their transition to private LTE (“PLTE”) networks, extending coverage into gap areas or providing back-up connectivity for private networks.
Business Developments
LCRA Agreement
In April 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with Lower Colorado River Authority (“LCRA”) to sell 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum covering 68 counties and more than 30 cities in LCRA’s wholesale electric, transmission, and water service area (the “LCRA Agreement”) for total payments of $30.0 million plus the contribution of select LCRA 900 MHz narrowband spectrum. The LCRA Agreement will support LCRA’s deployment of a PLTE network which will provide a host of capabilities including grid awareness, communications and operational intelligence that will enhance resilience and spur innovation at LCRA. The new licenses will enable LCRA to move from narrowband to next generation broadband and provide mission-critical data and voice services within LCRA and to more than 100 external customers such as electric cooperatives, schools and transit authorities across more than 73,000 square miles. Total consideration of $30.0 million to be paid through fiscal year 2026 pursuant to the terms of the LCRA Agreement. The LCRA Agreement is subject to customary provisions regarding remedies for non-delivery, including refund of amounts paid and termination rights if the Company fails to perform its contractual obligations, including failure to deliver the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum in accordance with the terms of the LCRA Agreement. A gain or loss on the sale of spectrum will be recognized for each county once the Company delivers the cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to LCRA in full.
Xcel Energy Agreement
In October 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with Xcel Energy Services Inc. (“Xcel Energy”) providing Xcel Energy dedicated long-term usage of the Company’s 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum for a term of 20 years throughout Xcel Energy’s service territory in eight states (the “Xcel Energy Agreement”) for a total of $80.0 million, of which $8.0 million was received by the Company in December 2022. In July 2023, the Company delivered the cleared 3 x 3 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses for 14 counties in Xcel Energy’s service territory and received the full milestone payment of $21.2 million. The revenue recognized for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, was approximately $0.4 million.
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SDG&E Agreement
In February 2021, the Company entered into an agreement with San Diego Gas & Electric Company, a subsidiary of Sempra Energy (“SDG&E”), to sell 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum throughout SDG&E’s California service territory, including San Diego and Imperial Counties and portions of Orange County (the “SDG&E Agreement”) for a total payment of $50.0 million. The total payment of $50.0 million is comprised of an initial payment of $20.0 million received in February 2021 and the remaining payments which are due as the Company delivers the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to SDG&E. During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, the Company transferred to SDG&E the San Diego County broadband license and received a milestone payment of $25.2 million net of delivery delay adjustments of $1.1 million. See Note 3 Intangible Assets for further discussion.
2023 Stock Plan
On August 8, 2023, the Company adopted a new equity-based compensation plan known as the Anterix Inc. 2023 Stock Plan (the “2023 Stock Plan”). The 2023 Stock Plan permits the Company to grant equity compensation awards to employees, consultants and non-employee directors of the Company. See Note 7 Stockholders’ Equity for further discussion.
2023 Share Repurchase Program
On September 21, 2023, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a new share repurchase program (the “2023 Share Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which the Company may repurchase up to $250.0 million of the Company’s common stock on or before September 21, 2026. See Note 7 Stockholders’ Equity for further discussion.
Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates
The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. Pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, these unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on June 14, 2023 (the “2023 Annual Report”). In the Company’s opinion all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented have been included. The Company believes that the disclosures made in the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are adequate to make the information not misleading. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results for the year. The Company is also required to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts. These estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically, and the effects of revisions are reflected in the financial statements in the applicable period. Accordingly, actual results could materially differ from those estimates.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
While there have been accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date, these updates are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.
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2. Revenue
The following table provides information regarding the Company’s revenue for each of the services it provides pursuant to its spectrum revenue agreements for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Spectrum revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |
900 MHz Broadband Spectrum Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ameren Corporation | $ | 152 |  | $ | 152 |  | $ | 304 |  | $ | 305
Evergy (1) | 274 |  | 64 |  | 548 |  | 64
Xcel Energy (2) | 444 |  | — |  | 444 |  | —
Narrowband Spectrum Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Motorola | 182 |  | 182 |  | 364 |  | 364
Total spectrum revenue (3) | $ | 1,052 |  | $ | 398 |  | $ | 1,660 |  | $ | 733

1.The Company commenced revenue recognition in connection with the delivery of cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to Evergy, Inc. (“Evergy”) during the three months ended September 2022.
2.The Company commenced revenue recognition in connection with the delivery of cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to Xcel Energy during the three months ended September 2023.
3.Revenue recognized during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was included in deferred revenue at the beginning of the respective periods.
Spectrum Revenue Agreements
Refer to the Company’s 2023 Annual Report for a description of the Company’s spectrum revenue agreements entered into prior to March 31, 2023.
Contract Assets and Liabilities
The Company recognizes a contract asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Contract liabilities primarily relate to advance consideration received from customers for spectrum services, for which revenue is recognized over time, as the services are performed.
The Company’s contract assets consisted of the following activity during the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

| 2023 |  | 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period | $ | 870 |  | $ | 638
Additions | 33 |  | 62
Amortization | (19) |  |  | (7) |
Balance at the end of the period | 884 |  | 693
Less amount classified as current assets (1) | (423) |  |  | (300) |
Noncurrent assets (1) | $ | 461 |  | $ | 393

1.Current assets are recorded as prepaid expenses and other current assets and noncurrent assets are recorded as other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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The Company’s contract liabilities consisted of the following activity during the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

| 2023 |  | 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period | $ | 60,759 |  | $ | 54,678
Additions (1) | 21,166 |  | —
Revenue recognized | (1,660) |  |  | (733) |
Balance at the end of the period | 80,265 |  | 53,945
Less amount classified as current liabilities (2) | (5,281) |  |  | (2,514) |
Noncurrent liabilities (2) | $ | 74,984 |  | $ | 51,431

1.The Company delivered the cleared 3 x 3 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses for 14 counties in Xcel Energy’s service territory and received the full milestone payment of $21.2 million.
2.Current liabilities and noncurrent liabilities are recorded as deferred revenue on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
3. Intangible Assets
Wireless licenses are considered indefinite-lived intangible assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization but instead are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently if an event indicates that the asset might be impaired. There were no impairment charges related to the Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets during the six months ended September 30, 2023.
Intangible assets consist of the following activity for the six months ended September 30, 2023 (in thousands):

| Wireless Licenses
Balance at March 31, 2023 | $ | 202,044
Acquisitions | 8,022
Sale of intangible assets | (31,798)
Exchanges – licenses received | 24,146
Exchanges – licenses surrendered | (4,848) |
Balance at September 30, 2023 | $ | 197,566

Purchases of intangible assets, including refundable deposits
During the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company entered into agreements with several third parties in multiple U.S. markets to acquire, retune or swap wireless licenses for cash consideration (“deals”) and made Anti-Windfall Payments to the U.S. Treasury Department. The initial deposits to incumbents are recorded as prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and are refundable if the FCC does not approve the sale, retuning or swap of the spectrum. The initial deposits are transferred to other assets or intangible assets in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, as applicable, upon meeting the relevant deal milestones. The final payments related to closed retuning or swap deals are recorded as other assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The final payments for license purchases or Anti-Windfall Payments are recorded as intangible assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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The purchases of intangible assets, including refundable deposits, consisted of the following activity during the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

| 2023 |  | 2022
Refundable deposits | $ | 1,613 |  |  | $ | 2,665 |
Retuning cost and Swaps | 442 |  |  | 3,815 |
Purchases and Anti-Windfall Payments | 8,022 |  |  | 4,748 |
Total | $ | 10,077 |  |  | $ | 11,228 |

Broadband License Exchanges
During the six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company was granted by the FCC, broadband licenses for 14 counties. The Company recorded the new broadband licenses at their estimated accounting cost basis of approximately $24.1 million. In connection with receiving the broadband licenses, the Company disposed of $4.8 million, related to the value ascribed to the narrowband licenses it relinquished to the FCC for the same 14 counties. The total carrying value of narrowband licenses included the cost to acquire the original narrowband licenses, Anti-Windfall Payments paid to cover the shortfall in each county and the clearing costs. As a result of the exchange of narrowband licenses for broadband licenses, the Company recorded a gain on disposal of intangible assets of $8.5 million and $19.3 million, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.
During the six months ended September 30, 2022, the Company was granted by the FCC, broadband licenses for 45 counties. The Company recorded the new broadband licenses at their estimated accounting cost basis of approximately $4.9 million. In connection with receiving the broadband licenses, the Company disposed of $1.3 million, related to the value ascribed to the narrowband licenses it relinquished to the FCC for the same 45 counties. The total carrying value of narrowband licenses included the cost to acquire the original narrowband licenses, Anti-Windfall Payments paid to cover the shortfall in each county and the clearing costs. As a result of the exchange of narrowband licenses for broadband licenses, the Company recorded a gain on disposal of intangible assets of $2.9 million and $3.6 million, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
Broadband License Sale
During the six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company transferred to SDG&E the San Diego County broadband license for total cumulative payments of $44.0 million net of delivery delay adjustments of $1.1 million. As a result, the Company recognized a reduction in intangible assets of $31.8 million and recorded a $7.3 million gain on sale of intangible assets on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023.
As part of the SDG&E Agreement, SDG&E has an option to pursue additional spectrum with the Company. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Company recorded a $4.9 million deferred gain on sale of intangible assets on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023, related to this option, which expires in September 2028.
4. Related Party Transactions
Refer to the Company’s 2023 Annual Report for a more complete description of the nature of its related party transactions prior to March 31, 2023. The following reflects the related party activity during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
In connection with the transfer of its TeamConnect business and support for its pdvConnect business, the Company entered into a memorandum of understanding (“MOU”) with the principals of Goosetown on December 31, 2018. Under the MOU, the Company agreed to assign the intellectual property rights to its pdvConnect application to TeamConnect LLC (“LLC”), a new entity formed by the principals of Goosetown, in exchange for a 19.5% ownership interest in the LLC, effective April 30, 2019. The Company was obligated to pay the LLC a monthly service fee for a 24-month period ending on January 7, 2021 for its assumption of the Company’s support obligations under the A BEEP and Goosetown Agreements. The Company was also obligated to pay the LLC a certain portion of the billed revenue received by the Company from pdvConnect customers for a 48-month period. On February 22, 2023, the Company amended the LLC agreement to withdraw as a member of the LLC for
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no consideration and did not incur payments during the three and six months ended September 30, 2023. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, the Company incurred payments of $15,000 and $30,000 to the parties associated with the transferred business. As of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, the Company did not have outstanding liabilities to the related parties associated with the transferred business.
5. Leases
Substantially all the leases in which the Company is the lessee are comprised of corporate office space and tower space. The Company is obligated under certain lease agreements for office space with lease terms expiring on various dates from October 31, 2023 through June 30, 2027, which includes lease extensions for its corporate headquarters ranging from three to ten years. The Company entered into multiple lease agreements for tower space. The lease expiration dates range from October 31, 2023 to July 31, 2030.
Substantially all of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases. Operating lease agreements are required to be recognized on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as right of use (“ROU”) assets and corresponding lease liabilities. ROU assets include any prepaid lease payments and exclude any lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease if it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option.
Weighted-average remaining lease term and incremental borrowing rate for the Company’s operating leases are as follows:

| Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Weighted average term - operating lease liabilities | 2.65 years |  | 3.17 years
Weighted average incremental borrowing rate - operating lease liabilities | 12% |  | 13%

Rent expense amounted to approximately $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and approximately $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022. Rent expense is included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table presents net lease cost for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Lease cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments) | $ | 471 |  | $ | 445 |  | $ | 978 |  | $ | 894
Short term lease cost | — |  | 3 |  | — |  | 7
Net lease cost | $ | 471 |  | $ | 448 |  | $ | 978 |  | $ | 901

The following table presents supplemental cash flow and non-cash activity information for the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

| Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Cash paid activity: |  |  |
Operating lease - operating cash flows (fixed payments) | $ | 1,152 |  | $ | 1,080
Operating lease - operating cash flows (liability reduction) | $ | 759 |  | $ | 699
Non-cash activity: |  |  |
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | $ | 106 |  | $ | 50

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The following table presents supplemental balance sheet information as of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2023 |  | March 31, 2023
Non-current assets - right of use assets, net | $ | 2,826 |  | $ | 3,371
Current liabilities - operating lease liabilities | $ | 1,610 |  | $ | 1,725
Non-current liabilities - operating lease liabilities | $ | 2,278 |  | $ | 2,922

Future minimum payments under existing non-cancelable leases for office and tower spaces (exclusive of real estate tax, utilities, maintenance and other costs borne by the Company) for the remaining terms of the leases following the six months ended September 30, 2023, are as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year | Operating Leases
2024 (excluding the six months ended September 30, 2023) | $ | 1,053
2025 | 1,733
2026 | 972
2027 | 543
2028 | 179
After 2028 | 53
Total future minimum lease payments | 4,533
Amount representing interest | (645) |
Present value of net future minimum lease payments | $ | 3,888

6. Income Taxes
The Company used a discrete effective tax rate method to calculate taxes for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, which were a result of its inability to use some portion of its federal and state net operating losses (“NOLs”) carryforwards against the deferred tax liability created by the amortization of indefinite-lived intangible assets and the change in the state effective tax rate. The Company determined that applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate would not provide a reasonable estimate as small changes in estimated “ordinary” loss could result in significant changes in the estimated annual effective tax rate. Accordingly, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded a total deferred tax expense of $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a total deferred tax expense of $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
The Company’s NOL generated after March 31, 2018 may be used as an indefinite-lived asset to offset its deferred tax liability but are limited to 80% of future taxable income. The deferred tax liabilities as of September 30, 2023 are approximately $2.9 million for federal and $2.9 million for state. The deferred tax liabilities as of March 31, 2023 are approximately $2.7 million for federal and $2.7 million for state.
7. Stockholders’ Equity
On August 8, 2023 (the “Effective Date”), the Company adopted a new equity-based compensation plan known as the 2023 Stock Plan. The 2023 Stock Plan permits the Company to grant equity compensation awards to employees, consultants and non-employee directors of the Company. As of the Effective Date, no additional awards may be granted under the Anterix Inc. 2014 Stock Plan (the “2014 Stock Plan”). The 2023 Stock Plan authorizes 250,000 shares of common stock of the Company (“Shares”) for grant. Additionally, Shares remaining for grant under the 2014 Stock Plan immediately prior to the Effective Date, Shares subject to outstanding stock awards granted under the 2014 Stock Plan that, following the Effective Date, expire or are terminated or cancelled without having been exercised or settled in full, and Shares acquired pursuant to an award subject to forfeiture or repurchase that are forfeited or repurchased by the Company for an amount not greater than the recipient’s purchase price, are issuable under the 2023 Stock Plan. As of September 30, 2023, 603,542 shares are available for future issuance, including
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388,151 shares that were remaining under the 2014 Stock Plan and up to 181,887 shares which may be granted upon meeting certain performance levels above 100% for performance stock unit awards.
During the six months ended September 30, 2023 and the year ended March 31, 2023, a total of 179,071 and 260,370 shares, respectively, were issued in connection with the vesting, conversion and or exercise of grants under the Company’s 2014 and 2023 Stock Plan.
Share Repurchase Program
In September 2021, the Board authorized a share repurchase program (the “2021 Share Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which the Company may repurchase up to $50.0 million of the Company’s common stock on or before September 29, 2023. The Company repurchased a total of $33.9 million of the Company’s common stock under the 2021 Share Repurchase Program, including $10.7 million during fiscal year 2024. On September 21, 2023, the Board authorized a new share repurchase program the 2023 Share Repurchase Program pursuant to which the Company may repurchase up to $250.0 million of the Company’s common stock on or before September 21, 2026. The Company may repurchase shares of its common stock via the open market and/or privately negotiated transactions. Repurchases will be made in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be effected pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The manner, timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by the Company based on a variety of factors, including proceeds from customer contracts, the timing of which is unpredictable, as well as general business and market conditions, the Company’s capital position, and other strategic considerations. The 2023 Share Repurchase Program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any particular amount of its common stock.
The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which was enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. Excise tax accrued for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $45 thousand.
The following table presents the share repurchase activity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share data):

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Number of shares repurchased and retired | 333 |  | 54 |  | 333 |  | 110
Average price paid per share* | $ | 32.69 |  | $ | 36.73 |  | $ | 32.69 |  | $ | 48.42
Total cost to repurchase | $ | 10,735 |  | $ | 2,000 |  | $ | 10,735 |  | $ | 4,725

*Average price paid per share includes costs associated with the repurchases.
As of September 30, 2023, $250.0 million is remaining under the share repurchase program.
Motorola Investment
In September 2014, Motorola Solutions, Inc. (“Motorola”) invested $10.0 million to purchase 500,000 Class B Units of the Company’s subsidiary, PDV Spectrum Holding Company, LLC (at a price equal to $20.00 per unit). The Company owns 100% of the Class A Units in the Subsidiary. Motorola had the right at any time to convert its 500,000 Class B Units into 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and in May 2022, Motorola exercised such right to convert its 500,000 Class B Units into 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock.
8. Net Income (Loss) Per Share of Common Stock
Basic net income (loss) per common share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. For purposes of the diluted net income (loss) per share calculation, preferred stock, stock options, restricted stock and warrants are considered to be potentially dilutive securities.
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The following table reconciles net income (loss) and weighted-average common shares used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Six months ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Net income (loss): | $ | 2,073 |  | $ | (10,643) |  | $ | (45) |  | $ | (23,839)
Weighted-average common shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic weighted-average shares | 18,921,126 |  | 18,953,044 |  | 18,935,929 |  | 18,786,928
Add: dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units | 188,268 |  | — |  | — |  | —
Diluted weighted-average common shares | 19,109,394 |  | 18,953,044 |  | 18,935,929 |  | 18,786,928

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, there were 1,176,107 stock options and restricted stock units outstanding, excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted-average shares because the effect was anti-dilutive. For the six months ended September 30, 2023, there were 193,437 potentially dilutive stock options and restricted stock units outstanding, excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted-average shares as their effects are anti-dilutive because the Company reported a net loss for the six months ended September 30, 2023. For the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, there were 318,866 and 438,907 potentially dilutive stock options and restricted stock units outstanding, respectively, excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted-average shares as their effects are anti-dilutive because the Company reported a net loss for the three and six months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
9. Contingencies and Guaranty
Contingent Liabilities
SDG&E Refund Obligations
In February 2021, the Company entered into an agreement with SDG&E, a subsidiary of Sempra Energy to sell 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum throughout SDG&E’s California service territory, the SDG&E Agreement, for a total payment of $50.0 million. The total payment of $50.0 million is comprised of an initial payment of $20.0 million received in February 2021 and the remaining payments which are due as the Company delivers the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to SDG&E. As the Company is required to refund payments it has received from SDG&E in the event of termination or non-delivery of the specific county’s full 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum, it recorded the payments as contingent liability on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. A reduction in the contingent liability and a gain or loss on the sale of spectrum will be recognized for each county once the Company delivers the full cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband license(s) to SDG&E.
In September 2022, the Company transferred to SDG&E 1.4 x 1.4 cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband license related to Imperial County and received a milestone payment of $0.2 million. In September 2023, the Company transferred to SDG&E the San Diego County broadband license and received a milestone payment of $25.2 million net of delivery delay adjustments of $1.1 million. This resulted in the recognition of a gain on the sale of spectrum and derecognition of the contingent liability associated with San Diego County. See Note 3 Intangible Assets for further discussion on the sale of intangible assets.
Subsequent to the derecognition of the contingent liability related to the delivery of San Diego County license, the remaining contingent liability balance of $1.4 million was classified as a short-term liability due to the expected timing of delivery.
Xcel Energy Guaranty
In October 2022, the Company entered into an agreement with Xcel Energy providing Xcel Energy dedicated long-term usage of the Company’s 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum for a term of 20 years throughout Xcel Energy’s service territory in eight states the Xcel Energy Agreement. In connection with Xcel Energy Agreement, the Company entered into a guaranty agreement, under which the Company guaranteed the delivery of the relevant 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses in Xcel Energy’s service territory in eight states
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along with other commercial obligations. In the event of default or non-delivery of the specific territory’s 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum, the Company is required to refund payments it has received. In addition, to the extent Anterix has performed any obligations, the Company’s liability and remaining obligations under the Xcel Energy Agreement will extend only to the remaining unperformed obligations. The Company recorded $29.2 million in deferred revenue in connection with the prepayments received as of September 30, 2023. The Company commenced delivery of the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses in the first quarter of fiscal year 2024 and will continue through 2029. The revenue recognized for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, was approximately $0.4 million. As of September 30, 2023, the maximum potential liability of future undiscounted payments under this agreement is approximately $28.8 million.
Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation that arises from the ordinary operations of the business, such as contractual or employment disputes or other general actions. The Company is not involved in any material legal proceedings at this time.
Pandemic and Macroeconomic Conditions
Recent macroeconomic events, including the outbreak of COVID-19, inflation, and geopolitical matters, have increased operating costs and could increase production costs or result in delays in customer contracting or the availability of equipment necessary for the deployment of our target customers’ planned PLTE projects. The Company continues to closely monitor these risks. Although difficult to quantify, the Company believes the current macroeconomic environment, including inflation, may have an adverse effect on the Company’s target customers’ businesses, which may harm the Company’s commercialization efforts and negatively impact the Company’s revenues and liquidity. If the Company is not able to control its higher operating costs or if the Company’s commercialization efforts are slowed or negatively impacted, continued periods of high inflation could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, operating results and financial condition.
10. Concentrations of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. The cash balance at times may exceed federally insured limits, however, the Company places its cash and temporary cash investments with financial institutions for which credit loss is not anticipated.
For the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s operating revenue was entirely from upfront, fully paid fees received from the Company’s spectrum customers as discussed in Note 2 Revenue.
As of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, the Company does not have an outstanding accounts receivable balance.
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Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Anterix Inc. (“Anterix,” the “Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) and the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on June 14, 2023 (the “2023 Annual Report”). In addition to historical information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors including, but not limited to, those identified or referenced in “Item 1A—Risk Factors” in Part II of this Quarterly Report. As a result, investors are urged not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as required by applicable law, we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this Quarterly Report.
Overview
We are a wireless communications company focused on commercializing our spectrum assets to enable our targeted utility and critical infrastructure customers to deploy private broadband networks and on offering innovative broadband solutions to the same target customers. We are the largest holder of licensed spectrum in the 900 MHz band (896 - 901 / 935 - 940 MHz) with nationwide coverage throughout the contiguous United States, Hawaii, Alaska and Puerto Rico. On May 13, 2020, the FCC approved the Report and Order to modernize and realign the 900 MHz band to increase its usability and capacity by allowing it to be utilized for the deployment of broadband networks, technologies and solutions. The Report and Order was published in the Federal Register on July 16, 2020 and became effective on August 17, 2020. We are now engaged in qualifying for and securing broadband licenses from the FCC. At the same time, we are pursuing opportunities to monetize the broadband spectrum we secure to our targeted utility and critical infrastructure customers. We are also expanding the benefits and solutions we offer to the same targeted customers. As part of our solution expansion, we launched an integrated platform to accelerate the scale benefits of combining, or networking together, individual private broadband networks to enhance utilities’ resiliency, reach and collaboration. The first commercial service on the platform, CatalyX, includes public network roaming management solution along with secure, remote SIM provisioning. CatalyX is a turnkey connectivity management solution that helps utilities gain economic and operational benefits leveraging commercial broadband during their transition to private LTE (“PLTE”) networks, extending coverage into gap areas or providing back-up connectivity for private networks.
Refer to our 2023 Annual Report for a more complete description of the nature of our business, including details regarding the process and costs to secure our broadband licenses.
Business Developments
LCRA Agreement
In April 2023, we entered into an agreement with Lower Colorado River Authority (“LCRA”) to sell 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum covering 68 counties and more than 30 cities in LCRA’s wholesale electric, transmission, and water service area (the “LCRA Agreement”) for total payments of $30.0 million plus the contribution of select LCRA 900 MHz narrowband spectrum. The LCRA Agreement will support LCRA’s deployment of a PLTE network which will provide a host of capabilities including grid awareness, communications and operational intelligence that will enhance resilience and spur innovation at LCRA. The new licenses will enable LCRA to move from narrowband to next generation broadband and provide mission-critical data and voice services within LCRA and to more than 100 external customers such as electric cooperatives, schools and transit authorities across more than 73,000 square miles. Total consideration of $30.0 million to be paid through fiscal year 2026 pursuant to the terms of the LCRA Agreement. The LCRA Agreement is subject to customary provisions regarding remedies for non-delivery, including refund of amounts paid and termination rights if we fail to perform our contractual obligations, including failure to deliver the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum in accordance with the terms of the LCRA Agreement. A gain or loss on the sale of spectrum will be recognized for each county once we deliver the cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to LCRA in full.
Xcel Energy Agreement
In October 2022, we entered into an agreement with Xcel Energy Services Inc. (“Xcel Energy”) providing Xcel Energy dedicated long-term usage of our 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum for a term of 20 years throughout Xcel Energy’s service
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territory in eight states (the “Xcel Energy Agreement”) for a total of $80.0 million, of which $8.0 million was received in December 2022. In July 2023, we delivered the cleared 3 x 3 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses for 14 counties in Xcel Energy’s service territory and received the full milestone payment of $21.2 million. The revenue recognized for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, was approximately $0.4 million.
SDG&E Agreement
In February 2021, we entered into an agreement with San Diego Gas & Electric Company, a subsidiary of Sempra Energy (“SDG&E”), to sell 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum throughout SDG&E’s California service territory, including San Diego and Imperial Counties and portions of Orange County (the “SDG&E Agreement”) for a total payment of $50.0 million. The total payment of $50.0 million is comprised of an initial payment of $20.0 million received in February 2021 and the remaining payments which are due as we deliver the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses to SDG&E. During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we transferred to SDG&E the San Diego County broadband license and received a milestone payment net of delivery delay adjustments of $25.2 million. Refer to Note 3 Intangible Assets in the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this Quarterly Report for further discussion on the sale of intangible assets.
2023 Stock Plan
On August 8, 2023, we adopted a new equity-based compensation plan known as the Anterix Inc. 2023 Stock Plan (the “2023 Stock Plan”). The 2023 Stock Plan permits us to grant equity compensation awards to employees, consultants and non-employee directors of the Company. Refer to Note 7 Stockholders’ Equity in the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this Quarterly Report for further discussion.
2023 Share Repurchase Program
On September 21, 2023, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized a new share repurchase program (the “2023 Share Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $250.0 million of our common stock on or before September 21, 2026. Refer to Note 7 Stockholders’ Equity in the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this Quarterly Report for further discussion.
Results of Operations
Comparison of the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
The following tables set forth our results of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The period-to-period comparison of financial results is not necessarily indicative of financial results to be achieved in future periods.
Spectrum revenues

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Spectrum revenues | $ | 1,052 |  |  | $ | 398 |  |  | $ | 654 |  |  | 164 | % |  | $ | 1,660 |  |  | $ | 733 |  |  | $ | 927 |  |  | 126 | %

Spectrum revenues increased by $0.7 million, or 164%, to $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.7 million, was attributable to revenue recognized in connection with our agreements with Evergy, Inc. (“Evergy”) and Xcel Energy of approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Spectrum revenues increased by $0.9 million, or 126%, to $1.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.7 million for the six months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the six months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.9 million, was attributable to revenue recognized in connection with our agreements with Evergy and Xcel Energy of approximately $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
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Operating expenses

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
General and administrative | $ | 11,905 |  | $ | 11,427 |  | $ | 478 |  | 4 | % |  | $ | 23,578 |  | $ | 22,786 |  | $ | 792 |  | 3 | %
Sales and support | 1,310 |  | 1,164 |  | 146 |  | 13 | % |  | 2,585 |  | 2,400 |  | 185 |  | 8 | %
Product development | 1,147 |  | 980 |  | 167 |  | 17 | % |  | 2,216 |  | 2,076 |  | 140 |  | 7 | %
Depreciation and amortization | 209 |  | 372 |  | (163) |  | -44 | % |  | 455 |  | 734 |  | (279) |  | -38 | %
Operating expenses | $ | 14,571 |  | $ | 13,943 |  | $ | 628 |  | 5 | % |  | $ | 28,834 |  | $ | 27,996 |  | $ | 838 |  | 3 | %

General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses increased by $0.5 million, or 4%, to $11.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $11.4 million for three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.5 million primarily resulted from $0.5 million higher contract consulting costs, $0.5 million higher professional service expense, $0.3 million higher headcount and related costs, offset by a $0.8 million lower stock compensation expense due to fewer grants awarded. General and administrative expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 3%, to $23.6 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $22.8 million for six months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the six months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.8 million primarily resulted from $0.8 million higher headcount and related costs, $0.5 million higher contract consulting costs, $0.4 million higher professional service expense, offset by a $0.6 million lower stock compensation expense due to fewer grants awarded, $0.1 million lower recruiting costs, $0.1 million lower insurance expenses and $0.1 million lower public company expenses.
Sales and support expenses
Sales and support expenses increased by $0.1 million, or 13%, to $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $1.2 million for three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.1 million primarily resulted from $0.2 million higher headcount and related costs, partially offset by $0.1 million lower marketing expenses. Sales and support expenses increased by $0.2 million, or 8%, to $2.6 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $2.4 million for six months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the six months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.2 million primarily resulted from $0.3 million higher headcount and related costs, partially offset by $0.1 million lower marketing expenses.
Product development expenses
Product development expenses increased by $0.2 million, or 17%, to $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $1.0 million for three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the three months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.2 million primarily resulted from $0.2 million higher IT related expenses, $0.1 million higher headcount and related costs, partially offset by $0.1 million lower contract consulting costs. Product development expenses increased by $0.1 million, or 7%, to $2.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $2.1 million for six months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for the six months ended September 30, 2023 of $0.1 million primarily resulted from $0.3 million higher IT related expenses, $0.2 million higher headcount and related costs, $0.1 million higher professional services, partially offset by $0.4 million lower contract consulting costs and $0.1 million lower stock compensation expense due to fewer grants.
Depreciation and amortization
Depreciation and amortization decreased by $0.2 million, or -44%, to $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.4 million for three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was as a result of certain assets becoming fully depreciated during the current period compared to the prior period. Depreciation and amortization decreased by $0.3 million, or -38%, to $0.5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.7 million for six months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was as a result of certain assets becoming fully depreciated during the current period compared to the prior period.
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Gain on disposal of intangible assets, net

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Gain on disposal of intangible assets, net | $ | (8,513) |  | $ | (2,905) |  |  | $ | (5,608) |  | 193 | % |  | $ | (19,298) |  | $ | (3,553) |  | $ | (15,745) |  |  | 443 | %

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we exchanged our narrowband licenses for broadband licenses in 5 counties. In connection with the exchange, we recorded an estimated accounting cost basis of $10.8 million for the new broadband licenses and relinquished to the FCC narrowband licenses for those same 5 counties valued at $2.3 million. As a result, we recorded a $8.5 million non-monetary gain on disposal of the intangible assets on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023. During the six months ended September 30, 2023, we exchanged our narrowband licenses for broadband licenses in 14 counties. In connection with the exchange, we recorded an estimated accounting cost basis of $24.1 million for the new broadband licenses and relinquished to the FCC narrowband licenses for those same 14 counties valued at $4.8 million. As a result, we recorded a $19.3 million non-monetary gain on disposal of the intangible assets on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended September 30, 2023.
During the three months ended September 30, 2022, we exchanged our narrowband licenses for broadband licenses in 33 counties. In connection with the exchange, we recorded an estimated accounting cost basis of $4.0 million for the new broadband licenses and relinquished to the FCC narrowband licenses for those same 33 counties valued at $1.1 million. As a result, we recorded a $2.9 million non-monetary gain on disposal of the intangible assets on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three ended September 30, 2022. During the six months ended September 30, 2022, we exchanged our narrowband licenses for broadband licenses in 45 counties. In connection with the exchange, we recorded an estimated accounting cost basis of $4.9 million for the new broadband licenses and relinquished to the FCC narrowband licenses for those same 45 counties valued at $1.3 million. As a result, we recorded a $3.6 million non-monetary gain on disposal of the intangible assets on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended September 30, 2022. Refer to Note 3 Intangibles in the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this Quarterly Report for further discussion on the exchanges.
Gain on sale of intangible assets, net

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of intangible assets, net | $ | (7,332) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (7,332) |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | (7,332) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (7,332) |  |  | 100 | %

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we transferred to SDG&E the San Diego County broadband license. As a result, we recorded a $7.3 million gain on sale of intangible assets on our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023. As part of the SDG&E Agreement, SDG&E has an option to pursue additional spectrum with us. In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we recorded a $4.9 million deferred gain on sale of intangible assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023, related to this option, which expires in September 2028. Refer to Note 3 Intangible Assets in the Notes to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained within this Quarterly Report for further discussion on the sale of intangible assets.
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Loss on disposal of long-lived assets, net

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets, net | $ | 67 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | 236 | % |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 22 |  |  | $ | 14 |  |  | 63 | %

Loss on disposal of long-lived assets, net increased by $47 thousand, or 236%, to $67 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $20 thousand for three months ended September 30, 2022. Loss on disposal of long-lived assets, net increased by $14 thousand, or 63%, to $36 thousand for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $22 thousand for six months ended September 30, 2022.
Interest income

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Interest income | $ | 396 |  |  | $ | 244 |  |  | $ | 152 |  |  | 62 | % |  | $ | 782 |  |  | $ | 261 |  |  | $ | 521 |  |  | 200 | %

Interest income increased by $0.2 million, or 62%, to $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.2 million for three months ended September 30, 2022. Interest income increased by $0.5 million, or 200%, to $0.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.3 million for six months ended September 30, 2022. The increase for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was attributable to higher interest rates.
Other income (expense)

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Other income (expense) | $ | 63 |  |  | $ | (12) |  |  | $ | 75 |  |  | -623 | % |  | $ | 158 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | 236 | %

Other income (expense) increased by $0.1 million, or -623%, to $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $12 thousand for three months ended September 30, 2022. Other income (expense) increased by $0.1 million, or 236%, to $0.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $47 thousand for six months ended September 30, 2022.
Income tax expense

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change |  | Six months ended September 30, |  | Aggregate Change
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 from 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |  |  | (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
Income tax expense | $ | 645 |  |  | $ | 215 |  |  | $ | 430 |  |  | 200 | % |  | $ | 405 |  |  | $ | 415 |  |  | $ | (10) |  |  | -2 | %

Income tax expense increased by $0.4 million, or 200%, to $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.2 million for three months ended September 30, 2022. Income tax expense decreased by $10 thousand, or -2%, to $0.4 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023 from $0.4 million for six months ended September 30, 2022. The change in income tax expense is a result of our inability to use some portion of federal and state NOL carryforwards against the deferred tax liability created by amortization of indefinite-lived intangible assets and the change in the state effective tax rate.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal source of liquidity is our cash and cash equivalents generated from customer contract proceeds. At September 30, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $48.5 million.
We believe our cash and cash equivalents on hand, along with contracted proceeds from customers, will be sufficient to meet our financial obligations through at least 12 months from the date of this Quarterly Report. As noted above, our future capital requirements will depend on a number of factors, including among others, future customer contracts, the costs and timing of our spectrum retuning activities, spectrum acquisitions and the Anti-Windfall Payments to the U.S. Treasury, our operating activities, any cash proceeds we generate through our commercialization activities, our ability to timely deliver broadband licenses to our customers in accordance with our contractual obligations and our obligation to refund payments or pay penalties if we do not meet our commercial obligations. We deploy this capital at our determined pace based on several key ongoing factors, including customer demand, market opportunity, and offsetting income from spectrum leases. We cannot reasonably estimate any potential financial impact to our results of operations, commercialization efforts and financial condition of any potential future changes to our macroeconomic, legal or regulatory environment, including potential legislation affecting the energy or utility industry, the telecommunications environment, or supply chains. We are actively managing our business to maintain our cash flow and believe that we currently have adequate liquidity. To implement our business plans and initiatives, however, we may need to raise additional capital. We cannot predict with certainty the exact amount or timing for any future capital raises. See “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of this Quarterly Report for a reference to the risks and uncertainties that could cause our costs to be more than we currently anticipate and/or our revenue and operating results to be lower than we currently anticipate. If required, we intend to raise additional capital through debt or equity financing or through some other financing arrangement. However, we cannot be sure that additional financing will be available if and when needed, or that, if available, we can obtain financing on terms favorable to our stockholders and to us. Any failure to obtain financing when required will have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition and liquidity.
Cash Flows from Operating, Investing and Financing Activities

| Six months ended September 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022
| (Unaudited) |  | (Unaudited)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 2,213 |  |  | $ | (17,948) |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | $ | 14,889 |  |  | $ | (12,373) |
Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (11,750) |  |  | $ | (5,189) |

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.
Our principal source of cash provided by operating activities is our customer contract proceeds in the form of advanced payments. For spectrum lease agreements, we record these advanced payments as deferred revenue on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and recognize revenue over the term of the lease, which is typically 20 to 30 years. For spectrum sale agreements, we record advanced payments as a contingent liability on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and derecognize this liability upon closing of the sale along with recording a gain or loss on sale. In addition, our cash flows will reflect a non-cash gain or loss on disposal of intangible assets for the difference in cost basis as we exchange narrowband licenses for broadband licenses. We expect net cash provided by (used in) operating activities to be affected by the progress on our customer agreements as well as changes in other operating assets and liabilities. The following represents our changes in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $2.2 million in the six months ended September 30, 2023. The net cash provided by operating activities in the six months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily due to the following:
•$45 thousand net loss, offset by the following non-cash activity:
◦increase of $0.5 million for depreciation and amortization as a result of assets placed in service during the year;
◦increase of $8.1 million in stock-based compensation expense due to additional grants awarded; and
◦decrease of $19.3 million related to the non-monetary gain on disposal of intangible assets in connection with our exchange of narrowband licenses for broadband licenses;
◦decrease of $7.3 million related to the gain on sale of intangible assets in connection with our delivery of the agreed upon 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum;
•$19.5 million increase in deferred revenue due to $21.2 million cash proceeds from our 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum customer prepayments offset by $1.7 million in revenue recognition in connection with the delivery of cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum.
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Net cash used in operating activities was approximately $17.9 million in the six months ended September 30, 2022. The net cash used in operating activities in the six months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily due to the following:
•$23.8 million net loss, offset by the following non-cash activity:
◦increase of $0.7 million for depreciation and amortization as a result of assets placed in service during the year;
◦increase of $8.8 million in stock-based compensation expense due to additional grants awarded;
◦decrease of $3.6 million related to the non-monetary gain on disposal of intangible assets in connection with our exchange of narrowband licenses for broadband licenses;
•decrease of $0.7 million in deferred revenue in connection with revenue recognized for the delivery of cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum.
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities.
Our principal outflow of cash used in investing activities is our purchases of intangible assets, including refundable deposits, which represent our spectrum clearing efforts as we work toward the conversion from narrowband to broadband spectrum. The purchases of intangible assets may be offset by current period cash proceeds from the sale of intangible assets, with a potential non-cash derecognition of the contingent liability for any proceeds received and recognized in operating activities in a prior period. We expect net cash provided by (used in) investing activities to be affected by the timing of our spectrum clearing efforts and the closing of our sale transactions and the related transfer of broadband licenses. The following represents our changes in net cash provided by (used in) investing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
Net cash provided by investing activities was $14.9 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $12.4 million for the six months ended September 30, 2022. For the six months ended September 30, 2023, net cash provided by investing activities was primarily from the $25.2 million sale of spectrum related to our transfer of the San Diego County broadband license to SDG&E partially offset by payments made to acquire, swap or retune wireless licenses in markets across the United States. For the six months ended September 30, 2022, net cash used in investing activities was primarily from payments made to acquire, swap or retune wireless licenses in markets across the United States.
Net cash used in financing activities.
Our principal outflow of cash used in financing activities is a result of our equity transactions, including repurchases of common stock and taxes and fees associated with the issuance of restricted stock awards, offset by proceeds from stock options exercised in the period. We expect net cash used in financing activities to be affected by the timing of future equity transactions including the timing of our repurchases of common stock. The following represents our changes in net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
Net cash used in financing activities was $11.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2023, as compared to $5.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2022. For the six months ended September 30, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was primarily from the repurchase of common stock of $10.7 million, payments of withholding tax on net issuance of restricted stock of $1.0 million. For the six months ended September 30, 2022, net cash used in financing activities was primarily from the repurchase of common stock of $4.7 million, payments of withholding tax on net issuance of restricted stock of $1.3 million, partially offset by the proceeds from stock option exercises of $0.9 million.
Material Cash Requirements
Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including: costs and time related to the commercialization of our spectrum assets; and our ability to sign customer contracts and generate revenues from the license or transfer of any broadband licenses we secure; our ability to timely deliver broadband licenses and clear spectrum to our customers in accordance with our contractual obligation; any requirement to refund payments or pay penalties if we do not satisfy our contractual obligations; the timeline and costs to acquire broadband licenses pursuant to the Report and Order, including the costs to acquire additional spectrum, the costs related to retuning, or swapping spectrum held by 900 MHz site-based licensees in the broadband segment that is required under section 90.621(b) to be protected by a broadband licensee with a base station at any location within the county, or any 900 MHz geographic-based SMR licensee in the broadband segment whose license area completely or partially overlaps the county, and the costs of paying Anti-Windfall Payments to the U.S. Treasury.
We are obligated under certain lease agreements for office space with lease terms expiring on various dates from October 31, 2023 through June 30, 2027, which includes a three to ten-year lease extension for our corporate headquarters. We have
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also entered into multiple lease agreements for tower space related to our historical TeamConnect business and in connection with obtaining spectrum licenses. The lease expiration dates range from October 31, 2023 to July 31, 2030. Total estimated payments for these lease agreements are approximately $4.5 million (exclusive of real estate taxes, utilities, maintenance and other costs borne by us). In addition to the lease payments for our tower space, we also have an obligation to clear the tower site locations, for which we recorded an asset retirement obligation (the “ARO”). Total estimated payments as a result of the ARO is approximately $0.6 million.
Xcel Energy Guaranty
In October 2022, we entered into an agreement with Xcel Energy providing Xcel Energy dedicated long-term usage of our 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum for a term of 20 years throughout Xcel Energy’s service territory in eight states the Xcel Energy Agreement. In connection with Xcel Energy Agreement, we entered into a guaranty agreement, under which we guaranteed the delivery of the relevant 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses in Xcel Energy’s service territory in eight states along with other commercial obligations. In the event of default or non-delivery of the specific territory’s 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum, we are required to refund payments we have received. In addition, to the extent Anterix has performed any obligations, our liability and remaining obligations under the Xcel Energy Agreement will extend only to the remaining unperformed obligations. We recorded $29.2 million in deferred revenue in connection with the prepayments received as of September 30, 2023. We commenced delivery of the relevant cleared 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum and the associated broadband licenses in the first quarter of fiscal year 2024 and will continue through 2029. The revenue recognized for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, was approximately $0.4 million. As of September 30, 2023, the maximum potential liability of future undiscounted payments under this agreement is approximately $28.8 million.
Share Repurchase Program
In September 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program (the “2021 Share Repurchase Program”) pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $50.0 million of our common stock on or before September 29, 2023. We repurchased a total of $33.9 million of our common stock under the 2021 Share Repurchase Program, including $10.7 million during fiscal year 2024. On September 21, 2023, our Board authorized a new share repurchase program the 2023 Share Repurchase Program pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $250.0 million of our common stock on or before September 21, 2026. We may repurchase shares of our common stock via the open market and/or privately negotiated transactions. Repurchases will be made in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be effected pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The manner, timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by us based on a variety of factors, including proceeds from customer contracts, the timing of which is unpredictable, as well as general business and market conditions, our capital position, and other strategic considerations. The 2023 Share Repurchase Program does not obligate us to repurchase any particular amount of our common stock.
The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, which was enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. Excise tax accrued for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 was approximately $45 thousand.
The following table presents the share repurchase activity for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share data):

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Six Months Ended September 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Number of shares repurchased and retired | 333 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 333 |  |  | 110 |
Average price paid per share* | $ | 32.69 |  |  | $ | 36.73 |  |  | $ | 32.69 |  |  | $ | 48.42 |
Total cost to repurchase | $ | 10,735 |  |  | $ | 2,000 |  |  | $ | 10,735 |  |  | $ | 4,725 |

*Average price paid per share includes costs associated with the repurchases.
As of September 30, 2023, $250.0 million is remaining under the share repurchase program.
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Off-balance sheet arrangements
As of September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, we did not have and do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships that were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
Our financial instruments consist of cash, cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and accounts payable. We consider investments in highly liquid instruments purchased with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. Our primary exposure to market risk is interest income sensitivity, which is affected by changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates. However, because of the short-term nature of the highly liquid instruments in our portfolio, a 10% change in market interest rates would not be expected to have a material impact on our financial condition and/or results of operations.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Fluctuations
Our operations are based in the United States and, accordingly, all of our transactions are denominated in U.S. dollars. We are currently not exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency.
Inflation Risk
Inflationary factors may adversely affect our operating results. As a result of recent increases in inflation, certain of our operating expenses have increased. Additionally, although difficult to quantify, we believe that the current macroeconomic environment, including inflation, could have an adverse effect on our target customers’ businesses, which may harm our commercialization efforts and negatively impact our revenues. Continued periods of high inflation could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition if we are not able to control our higher operating costs or if our commercialization efforts are slowed or negatively impacted, continued periods of high inflation could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
We continue to monitor our market risk exposure, including any adverse impacts related to health pandemics or the current macroeconomic environment, which has resulted in significant market volatility.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report. Based on that evaluation, our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of such period.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
In connection with the evaluation required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(d), our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, concluded that no changes in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource
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constraints and that the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of controls to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
We are not involved in any material legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In evaluating us and our common stock, we urge you to carefully consider the risks and other information in this Quarterly Report as well as the risk factors disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report. There have been no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report. Any of the risks discussed in this Quarterly Report, if any, and in our 2023 Annual Report, as well as additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial, could materially and adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.
The following table provides information with respect to purchases of our common stock by the Company or any “affiliated purchaser” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act, during the three months ended September 30, 2023.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (1)
(in thousands except for share and per share data)

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share (2) | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
July 1, 2023 through July 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Open market and privately negotiated purchases | — |  | $ | — |  | — |  | $ | 26,815 |
August 1, 2023 through August 31, 2023 |  |  |  |
Open market and privately negotiated purchases | 235,849 |  | 32.31 |  | 235,849 |  | 19,289 |
September 1, 2023 through September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Open market and privately negotiated purchases | 96,730 |  | 33.27 |  | 96,730 |  | 250,000 |
Total | 332,579 |  | $ | 32.69 |  | 332,579 |  | $ | 250,000 |

(1)On September 29, 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $50.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock on or before September 29, 2023. We repurchased a total of $33.9 million of our common stock under the 2021 Share Repurchase Program, including $10.7 million during fiscal year 2024. On September 21, 2023, our Board authorized a new share repurchase program the 2023 Share Repurchase Program pursuant to which we may repurchase up to $250.0 million of our common stock on or before September 21, 2026. We may repurchase shares of our common stock via the open market and/or privately negotiated transactions. Repurchases will be made in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be effected pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The manner, timing and amount of any share repurchases will be determined by us based on a variety of factors, including proceeds from customer contracts, the timing of which is unpredictable, as well as general business and market conditions, our capital position, and other strategic considerations. The 2023 Share Repurchase Program does not obligate us to repurchase any particular amount of our common stock.
(2)Average price paid per share includes cost associated with the repurchases.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
None.
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Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit No. | Description of Exhibit
3.1(1) | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
3.2(2) | Certificate of Amendment No. 1 of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
3.3(3) | Certificate of Amendment No. 2 of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company.
3.4(4) | Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.
3.5(5) | Amendment No. 1 to the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.
10.1(6) | Anterix Inc. 2023 Stock Plan
31.1# | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2# | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1#* | Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2#* | Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101)

____________
(1)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-201156), filed with the SEC on December 19, 2014.
(2)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36827), filed with the SEC on November 5, 2015.
(3)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36827), filed with the SEC on August 6, 2019.
(4)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36827), filed with the SEC on June 27, 2017.
(5)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-36827), filed with the SEC on May 8, 2020.
(6)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit B of the Registrant’s Definitive proxy statement (File No. 001-36827), filed with the SEC on July 14, 2023.
# Filed herewith.
*The certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that the Registrant specifically incorporates it by reference.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

| Anterix Inc.
Date: November 13, 2023 | /s/ Robert H. Schwartz
| Robert H. Schwartz
| President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 13, 2023 | /s/ Timothy A. Gray
| Timothy A. Gray
| Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

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