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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of presentation | Basis of presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the notes to the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted from these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on March 1, 2023. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023, or for any other period. In December 2022, we had a reduction in force event that eliminated certain positions and changed the reporting hierarchy and job responsibilities for certain people in our general and administrative function. This resulted in the expense related to these individuals being classified as sales and marketing expenses, when previously, they had been classified as general and administrative expense. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. For the period ended March 31, 2022 we reclassified $1.5 million from general and administrative expenses to sales and marketing expenses.
Basis of consolidation | Basis of consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Our fiscal year ends on December 31.
Use of estimates | Use of estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires certain financial instruments to be recorded at fair value; requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant estimates; judgments, and assumptions in these consolidated financial statements include: allocating variable consideration for revenue recognition, constrained revenue; the amortization period for deferred commissions; the allowance for credit losses and a determination of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance. Because of the use of estimates inherent in financial reporting process actual results could differ and the differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements
Segment and geographic information | Segment and geographic information Our chief operating decision maker is our chief executive officer. Our chief executive officer reviews the financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, allocating resources, and evaluating financial performance. Accordingly, we have determined that we operate as a single operating and reportable segment. Revenue by geographic region was as follows:
|  | Three months ended March 31, |
(in thousands) |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas – U.S. |  | $ | 54,809 |  |  | $ | 51,500 |
Americas – other |  |  | 3,351 |  |  |  | 2,684 |
EMEA |  |  | 7,983 |  |  |  | 6,284 |
APAC |  |  | 5,614 |  |  |  | 5,582 |
Total revenue |  | $ | 71,757 |  |  | $ | 66,050 |
Long-lived assets by geographic region was as follows:
|  | March 31, |  |  | December 31, |
(in thousands) |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Long-lived assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas – U.S. |  | $ | 9,349 |  |  | $ | 8,318 |
EMEA |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | 465 |
APAC |  |  | 269 |  |  |  | 300 |
Total long-lived assets |  | $ | 10,251 |  |  | $ | 9,083 |
Cash and cash equivalents | Cash and cash equivalents We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of money market funds and investment securities and are stated at fair value.
Restricted cash | Restricted cash We maintain a portion of amounts collected through our online payment processor with the online payment processor as a security deposit for future chargebacks. Additionally, we have amounts on deposit with certain financial institutions that serve as collateral for letters of credit and lease deposits.
Marketable securities | Marketable securities All marketable securities have been classified as available-for-sale and are carried at estimated fair value. We determine the appropriate classification of our investments in debt securities at the time of purchase. Securities may have stated maturities greater than one year. All marketable securities are considered available to support current operations and are classified as current assets. For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, our management first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value and recognized in other 2. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued) income (expense) in the results of operations. For available-for-sale debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, our management evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, an allowance is recorded for the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis of the security. Impairment losses attributable to credit loss factors are charged against the allowance when management believes an available-for-sale security is uncollectible or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met. Any unrealized losses from declines in fair value below the amortized cost basis as a result of non-credit loss factors is recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, along with unrealized gains. Realized gains and losses and declines in fair value, if any, on available-for-sale securities are included in other income (expense) in the results of operations. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific-identification method.
Accounts receivable | Accounts receivable Accounts receivable are stated at net realizable value and include unbilled receivables. Agreements with enterprise customers can contain promotional billing periods. Since merchants have full access to the functionality of our platform upon contract execution, and we have enforceable rights to receive payments for the promotional period if the contract is early terminated, revenue is recognized ratably over the contract life. When this occurs, we recognize revenue in advance of invoicing creating an unbilled receivable. In addition, some of our partner and services revenue agreements include substantive minimums where the consideration paid varies over the term of the contract and revenue is recognized ratably over the contract term. Accounts receivable are net of an allowance for credit losses, are not collateralized, and do not bear interest. Payment terms range from due immediately to due within 90 days. The accounts receivable balance at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 included unbilled receivables of $20.1 million and $19.9 million, respectively. Unbilled receivables at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 includes contract assets related to enterprise subscription solutions of $15.2 million and $15.7 million, and PSR customers of $4.9 million and $4.2 million, respectively. We assess the collectability of outstanding accounts receivable on an ongoing basis and maintain an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable deemed uncollectible. The balance of accounts receivable includes accounts that have been invoiced but unpaid, and unbilled amounts, which represents revenues recognized in advance of billing. We analyze both the invoiced accounts receivable portfolio and our unbilled accounts receivable for significant risks, historical collection activity, and an estimate of future collectability to determine the amount that we will ultimately collect. This estimate is analyzed quarterly and adjusted as necessary. Identified risks pertaining to our invoiced accounts receivable, include the delinquency level, customer type, and current economic environment. The estimate of the amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected is based on aging of the accounts receivable balances and the financial condition of customers, our assessment of the overall portfolio and general economic conditions. Identified risks pertaining to our subscription unbilled accounts receivable include customer type, customer activity on our platform, historical contract termination rates, and customer delinquency. The estimate of the amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected is based primarily on historical contract termination rates, customer delinquency rates and an assessment of the overall portfolio and general economic conditions. The identified risk related to our unbilled accounts related to our PSR business are current partner engagement and activity, the financial wherewithal of the partner, the partner’s future plans and the ability to execute on the plans, and their liquidity and overall financial position. The estimate of the amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected is based primarily on the specific evaluation of the partner based on current level of engagement with BigCommerce, their overall financial position and general economic conditions. The allowance for credit losses consisted of the following:
(in thousands) |  |  |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 9,995 |
Provision for expected credit losses |  |  | 1,075 |
Accounts written off |  |  | (1,476 | )
Balance at March 31, 2023 |  |  | 9,594 |
The quarter over quarter decrease in the provision for credit losses was due to a decrease in our general reserve related to our subscription accounts receivable due to improved collections which was partially offset by an increase in our reserve related to unbilled receivables.
Property and equipment | Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives or the related lease terms (if shorter). 2. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued) The estimated useful lives of property and equipment are as follows:
|  | Estimated Useful Life
Computer equipment |  | 3 years
Computer software |  | 3 years
Furniture and fixtures |  | 5 years
Leasehold improvements |  | 1-10 years
Maintenance and repairs that do not enhance or extend the asset’s useful life are charged to operating expenses as incurred. The carrying values of property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their net book value may not be recoverable. When such factors and circumstances exist, we compare the projected undiscounted future cash flows associated with groups of assets used in combination over their estimated useful lives against their respective carrying amounts. If projected undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset group, impairment is recorded for any excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets in the period in which the determination is made.
Research and development and internal use software | Research and development and internal use software Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel and related expenses for our research and development staff, which include: salaries, benefits, bonuses, and stock-based compensation; the cost of certain third-party contractors; and allocated overhead. Expenditures for research and development, other than internal use software costs, are expensed as incurred. Software development costs associated with internal use software, which are incurred during the application development phase and meet other requirements under the guidance ASC-350 are capitalized. As of March 31, 2023, we have capitalized $4.4 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $0.3 million. As of December 31, 2022, software costs capitalized were $2.8 million, net of accumulated depreciation of $0.0 million. Amortization on internally developed software was $0.3 million and $0.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Leases | Leases We determine if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. At the commencement date of a lease, we recognize a liability to make lease payments and an asset representing the right to use the underlying asset during the lease term. The lease liability is measured at the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As our leases typically do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate for most leases. The right-of-use (“ROU”) asset is measured at cost, which includes the initial measurement of the lease liability and initial direct costs incurred and excludes lease incentives. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease. We record a ROU asset and a lease liability when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Operating lease costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We also lease office space under short-term arrangements and have elected not to include these arrangements in the ROU asset or lease liabilities.
Business combinations and acquisition related expenses | Business combinations We record tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting. We use best estimates and assumptions, including but not limited to, future expected cash flows, expected asset lives, and discount rates, to assign a fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations as of the acquisition date. These estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. We allocate any excess purchase price over the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed to goodwill. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be recorded, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Acquisition related expenses Acquisition related expenses consist primarily of cash payments for third-party acquisition costs and other acquisition related expe nses. We recognized $4.1 million and $12.7 million in acquisition related expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, $4.1 million was reco gnized in connection with contingent compensation arrangements entered with our fiscal 2021 acquisitions. We entered into contingent compensation arrangements, in 2. Summary of significant accounting policies (continued) which payments will be made or have been made, as applicable, after the first and second anniversaries of the closing or upon the earlier achievement of certain product and financial milestones. The compensation arrangements are contingent upon continued post-acquisition employment with us. During the first period, earlier achievement of product and financial milestones were not met. We account for the cost related to the first and second contingent compensation arrangement payments over the service periods of 12 and 24 months, respectively, beginning on the acquisition date, assuming earlier achievement of product and financial milestones is unlikely to be met.
Goodwill and other acquired intangibles, net | Goodwill and other acquired intangibles, net We assess goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. When we elect to perform a qualitative assessment and conclude it is not more likely than not the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, no further assessment of that reporting unit is necessary; otherwise, a quantitative assessment is performed and the fair value of the reporting unit is determined. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the estimated fair value, impairment is recorded. We evaluate the recoverability of finite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such asset may not be recoverable. If such review determines the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived asset is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such asset is reduced to its fair value. Acquired finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. We evaluate the estimated remaining useful life of these assets when events or changes in circumstances indicate a revision to the remaining period of amortization. If we revise the estimated useful life assumption for any assets, the remaining unamortized balance is amortized over the revised estimated useful life on a prospective basis.
Income taxes | Income taxes We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax balances are adjusted to reflect tax rates based on currently enacted tax laws, which will be in effect in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period of the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets unless it is more likely than not that those assets will be realized. To date, we have provided a valuation allowance against all of our deferred tax assets as we believe the objective and verifiable evidence of our historical pretax net losses outweighs any positive evidence of its forecasted future results. We will continue to monitor the positive and negative evidence, and we will adjust the valuation allowance as sufficient objective positive evidence becomes available. We recognize the tax effects of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not to be sustained based solely upon its technical merits at the reporting date. The unrecognized tax benefit is the difference between the tax benefit recognized and the tax benefit claimed on our income tax return. All of our gross unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, would not affect its effective tax rate, but would be recorded as an adjustment to equity before consideration of valuation allowances. We do not expect unrecognized tax benefits to decrease within the next twelve months. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. As of March 31, 2023, we have not accrued any interest or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits. We believe that all material tax positions in the current and prior years have been analyzed and properly accounted for and that the risk of additional material uncertain tax positions that have not been identified is remote.
Stock-based compensation | Stock-based compensation We issue stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and performance based restricted stock units (“PSUs”). Stock-based compensation related to stock options is measured at the date of grant and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period, net of estimated forfeitures. We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of stock options awarded at the date of grant. Stock-based compensation related to restricted stock units is measured at the date of grant, net of estimated forfeitures, and recognized ratably over the service period. Stock-based compensation related to performance based restricted stock units is measured at the date of grant and recognized using the accelerated attribution method, net of estimated forfeitures, over the remaining service period, when deemed probable. Net payments on the settlement of equity-based awards were $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, which consisted of $1.4 million for tax payments related to the net settlement of equity awards and $1.1 million for proceeds from stock option exercises.
Foreign currency | Foreign currency Our functional and reporting currency and the functional and reporting currency of our subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are re-measured to U.S. dollars using the exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are measured in U.S. dollars using historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are measured using the actual exchange rates prevailing on the dates of the transactions. Gains and losses resulting from re-measurement are recorded within Other expense in our consolidated statements of operations and were not material for all periods presented.
Restructuring charges | Restructuring charges Restructuring charges are comprised of costs incurred as a result of our December 15, 2022 reduction in force as well as an impairment of the right of use asset triggered by our decision to cease using a significant portion of certain leased facilities.

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