Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 17—Commitments and Contingencies *Legal Proceedings* On October 5, 2018, named plaintiffs Scott Mackey and Daniel Hernandez filed a putative class action complaint against IDT Energy in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois alleging violations of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. § 227 et seq. IDT Energy’s response to the complaint is due on or before November 30, 2018. The named plaintiffs filed the suit on behalf of: (1) a putative Cell Phone class consisting of all persons in the U.S. to whom IDT Energy and/or a third party acting on IDT Energy’s behalf allegedly made one or more telemarketing calls promoting IDT Energy’s goods or services to their cellular telephone number through the use of an automatic telephone dialing system or an artificial or prerecorded voice within the four year period preceding the filing of the complaint and (2) a putative Do-Not-Call class consisting of all persons in the U.S. who allegedly received more than one call from IDT Energy and/or some party acting on IDT Energy’s behalf promoting IDT Energy’s goods or services in a 12-month period on their cellular phone or residential telephone line and whose number appears on the National Do-Not-Call registry within the four year period preceding the filing of the complaint. Although IDT Energy is still investigating the allegations contained in the complaint, IDT Energy has made a preliminary determination that they are without merit and plans to vigorously defend this action. Based upon the Company’s preliminary assessment of this matter, a loss is not considered probable, nor is the amount of loss, if any, estimable as of September 30, 2018. On March 13, 2014, July 2, 2014 and July 15, 2014, named plaintiffs in Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey commenced three separate putative class-action lawsuits against IDT Energy, GRE, GEIC, and Genie (collectively, “IDTE”) contending, among other things, that they and other former and current customers of IDTE were injured as a result of IDTE’s allegedly unlawful sales and marketing practices. The Company denied any basis for those allegations and/or wrongdoing. On July 5, 2017, the Company entered into a settlement of all three actions to further its efforts to address its customers’ concerns. On July 31, 2018, the Magistrate Court issued a report and recommendation recommending approval of the settlement and reduction of the attorneys’ fees. On October 18, 2018, the Court entered a final order approving the Settlement Agreement. Under the Settlement Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay certain amounts to resolve the lawsuits and obtain a release of claims that were, or could have been, asserted in the lawsuits or that are related to, or arise out of the conduct alleged in the lawsuits or similar conduct, wherever it may have occurred. The settlement payment includes payments to customers who timely made a claim, class counsel, and the named plaintiffs, as well as the cost of a claims administrator for administrating the claims process. In 2017, the Company estimated, based in part on historical participation rates, that its total settlement payment would be approximately $9.0 million, and in the second quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a liability in that amount for the settlement. The period for class members to make claims has since expired, and in first quarter of 2018, based on the claims received and related administrative costs, the Company estimated that the total settlement payment will be approximately $7.6 million. In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company reduced the liability for the settlement payment by $1.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively, reversed nil amount and $1.7 million of the related revenue reduction recorded in 2017, respectively, and reversed $1.7 million and $1.7 million of the related legal settlement fees that is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the statement of operations. In addition to the matters disclosed above, the Company may from time to time be subject to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company does not expect any of those legal proceedings to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. *Agency and Regulatory Proceedings* From time to time, the Company responds to inquiries or requests for information or materials from public utility commissions or other governmental regulatory or law enforcement agencies related to investigations under statutory or regulatory schemes. The Company cannot predict whether any of those matters will lead to claims or enforcement actions or whether the Company and the regulatory parties will enter into settlements before a formal claim is made. New Jersey Attorney General and New Jersey Board of Public Utilities On May 22, 2018, IDT Energy entered into a Consent Order with the New Jersey Attorney General and the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities to resolve an investigation related to IDT Energy’s pricing and business practices during the winter of 2014. Under the terms of the Consent Order, IDT Energy agreed to make payments totaling $1.4 million, including $1.2 million in restitution to consumers who received electricity and/or natural gas supply from IDT Energy in January, February and/or March of 2014. IDT Energy will also implement certain modifications to its sales, marketing and customer service processes, along with additional compliance and reporting requirements. In the third quarter of 2017, the Company accrued $1.5 million for this matter. IDT Energy has made full payment of the amount agreed upon in the Consent Order to a settlement administrator, who will process the restitution payments. New York Public Service Commission Proceedings In December 2017, the New York Public Service Commission (“PSC”) held an evidentiary hearing to assess the retail energy market in New York. The parties recently completed post-hearing briefing in the proceedings. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of any new order from the PSC that may follow from the evidentiary process, while preparing various contingencies for operation in compliance with any new requirements that may be imposed. Depending on the final language of any new order, as well as the Company’s ability to modify its relationships with its New York customers, an order could have a substantial impact upon the operations of GRE’s REPs in New York. As of September 30, 2018, New York represented 31.1% of GRE’s total meters served and 23.2% of the total residential customer equivalents (“RCEs”) of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, New York gross revenues were $17.1 million and $58.2 million, respectively. An RCE represents a natural gas customer with annual consumption of 100 mmbtu or an electricity customer with annual consumption of 10 MWh. Because different customers have different rates of energy consumption, RCEs are an industry standard metric for evaluating the consumption profile of a given retail customer base. On December 16, 2016, the PSC issued an order (the “2016 Order”) prohibiting REPs to service to customers enrolled in New York’s utility low-income assistance programs. Temporary stays of the 2016 Order expired, and REPs were required to return service of their low-income customers to the relevant local incumbent utility on the modified schedule set forth in the PSC’s 2016 Order. The 2016 Order required GRE’s REPs to transfer customer accounts comprising approximately 18,700 meters, representing approximately 10,600 RCEs, to their respective incumbent utilities in the three months ended March 31, 2018. On March 27, 2018, the New York Court of Appeals granted Motions for Leave to Appeal the question of whether the Legislature ever imparted to the PSC the authority to regulate the rates that private, non-monopoly REPs charge their customers. The Court of Appeals is now set to review a 2017 decision entered by the Appellate Division, Third Department, concerning the issue of the scope of the PSC’s authority over REPs under the Public Service Law, and to pronounce New York law on that issue. A briefing schedule was put in place, and the appeal is currently scheduled to be heard sometime after January 2019. Ohio Public Utilities Commission In August and November of 2017, the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio (“PUCO”) commenced investigations into the marketing and enrollment practices of the Company’s subsidiary Town Square Energy. The PUCO’s investigations arose from customer complaints that representatives of Town Square allegedly engaged in misleading and deceptive sales practices in connection with Town Square’s table top marketing campaign. Town Square has and continues to cooperate fully with the PUCO’s investigation. Pending the outcome of the investigations, and in response to the PUCO’s recommendation, Town Square temporarily ceased further marketing activity in Ohio. Town Square also undertook various remedial measures which included retraining its vendors. Subsequently, on January 16, 2018, the PUCO issued its findings that Town Square was in probable non-compliance with various sections of the Ohio Administrative Code and proposed various corrective actions which included agent retraining, development of an effective quality assurance program and advising customers that they have the option to enroll with Town Square or switch their service to the regular utilities. Town Square has entered into settlement negotiations with the PUCO. If the parties are successful in reaching settlement, Town Square intends to resume marketing activity. In connection with the foregoing, the Company has accrued $0.2 million. As of September 30, 2018, Town Square in Ohio represented 0.3% of GRE’s total meters served and 0.4% of the total residential customer equivalents of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, Town Square in Ohio gross revenues were $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively. State of Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority On September 19, 2018, the State of Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority (“PURA”) commenced an investigation into Town Square following customer complaints of allegedly misleading and deceptive sales practices on the part of Town Square. Although Town Square denies any basis for those complaints and any wrongdoing on its part, it is cooperating with PURA’s investigation. As of September 30, 2018, Town Square’s Connecticut customer base represented 9.5% of GRE’s total meters served and 11.6% of the total residential customer equivalents of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, Town Square’s gross revenues from sales in Connecticut were $8.4 million and $18.9 million, respectively. Based upon the Company’s preliminary assessment of this matter, a loss is not considered probable, nor is the amount of loss, if any, estimable as of September 30, 2018. State of Illinois Office of the Attorney General In response to complaints that IDT Energy enrolled consumers without their express consent and misrepresented the amount of savings those consumers would receive, the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Illinois (“IL AG”) has been investigating the marketing practices of IDT Energy and has alleged violations of the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act and the Illinois Telephone Solicitations Act. Although IDT Energy denies any wrongdoing in connection with those allegations, it is currently working with the IL AG to settle the matter pursuant to a Final Order and Consent Decree to be approved by the Circuit Court of Cook County that may include restitution payments in the amount of $3 million, suspension of all marketing activities directed at new customers, and implementation of various compliance and reporting procedures. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a liability of $3.0 million recorded as a reduction of electricity revenues in the consolidated statement of operations. As of September 30, 2018, Illinois represented 5.8% of GRE’s total meters served and 4.4% of the total residential customer equivalents of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, IDT Energy’s gross revenues from sales in Illinois were $4.7 million and $13.7 million, respectively. *Other Commitments* Purchase Commitments The Company had future purchase commitments to purchase electricity of $69.6 million at September 30, 2018, which are expected to be paid as follows: $50.7 million in the twelve months ending September 30, 2019; $17.5 million in the twelve months ending September 30, 2020 and $1.4 million in the twelve months ending September 30, 2021. Renewable Energy Credits GRE must obtain a certain percentage or amount of its power supply from renewable energy sources in order to meet the requirements of renewable portfolio standards in the states in which it operates. This requirement may be met by obtaining renewable energy credits that provide evidence that electricity has been generated by a qualifying renewable facility or resource. At September 30, 2018, GRE had commitments to purchase renewable energy credits of $15.2 million. Performance Bonds GRE has performance bonds issued through a third party for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states’ financial requirements for REPs. At September 30, 2018, GRE had aggregate performance bonds of $12.7 million outstanding. BP Energy Company Preferred Supplier Agreement As of November 19, 2015, certain of GRE’s REPs entered into an Amended and Restated Preferred Supplier Agreement with BP, which was amended as of June 7, 2018. The agreement’s termination date is November 30, 2021, except any party may terminate the agreement on November 30, 2020 by giving the other parties notice by May 31, 2019. Under the agreement, the REPs purchase electricity and natural gas at market rate plus a fee. The obligations to BP are secured by a first security interest in deposits or receivables from utilities in connection with their purchase of the REPs’ customer’s receivables, and in any cash deposits or letters of credit posted in connection with any collateral accounts with BP. In addition, the REPs must pay an advance payment of $2.0 million to BP each month that BP will apply to the next invoiced amount due to BP. The ability to purchase electricity and natural gas under this agreement is subject to satisfaction of certain conditions including the maintenance of certain covenants. At September 30, 2018, the Company was in compliance with such covenants. At September 30, 2018, restricted cash—short-term of $2.5 million and trade accounts receivable of $38.7 million were pledged to BP as collateral for the payment of trade accounts payable to BP of $13.4 million at September 30, 2018.

Note 17—Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

On October 5, 2018, named plaintiffs Scott Mackey and Daniel Hernandez filed a putative class action complaint against IDT Energy in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois alleging violations of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. § 227 et seq. IDT Energy’s response to the complaint is due on or before November 30, 2018. The named plaintiffs filed the suit on behalf of: (1) a putative Cell Phone class consisting of all persons in the U.S. to whom IDT Energy and/or a third party acting on IDT Energy’s behalf allegedly made one or more telemarketing calls promoting IDT Energy’s goods or services to their cellular telephone number through the use of an automatic telephone dialing system or an artificial or prerecorded voice within the four year period preceding the filing of the complaint and (2) a putative Do-Not-Call class consisting of all persons in the U.S. who allegedly received more than one call from IDT Energy and/or some party acting on IDT Energy’s behalf promoting IDT Energy’s goods or services in a 12-month period on their cellular phone or residential telephone line and whose number appears on the National Do-Not-Call registry within the four year period preceding the filing of the complaint. Although IDT Energy is still investigating the allegations contained in the complaint, IDT Energy has made a preliminary determination that they are without merit and plans to vigorously defend this action. Based upon the Company’s preliminary assessment of this matter, a loss is not considered probable, nor is the amount of loss, if any, estimable as of September 30, 2018.

On March 13, 2014, July 2, 2014 and July 15, 2014, named plaintiffs in Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey commenced three separate putative class-action lawsuits against IDT Energy, GRE, GEIC, and Genie (collectively, “IDTE”) contending, among other things, that they and other former and current customers of IDTE were injured as a result of IDTE’s allegedly unlawful sales and marketing practices. The Company denied any basis for those allegations and/or wrongdoing. On July 5, 2017, the Company entered into a settlement of all three actions to further its efforts to address its customers’ concerns. On July 31, 2018, the Magistrate Court issued a report and recommendation recommending approval of the settlement and reduction of the attorneys’ fees. On October 18, 2018, the Court entered a final order approving the Settlement Agreement.

Under the Settlement Agreement, the Company has agreed to pay certain amounts to resolve the lawsuits and obtain a release of claims that were, or could have been, asserted in the lawsuits or that are related to, or arise out of the conduct alleged in the lawsuits or similar conduct, wherever it may have occurred. The settlement payment includes payments to customers who timely made a claim, class counsel, and the named plaintiffs, as well as the cost of a claims administrator for administrating the claims process. In 2017, the Company estimated, based in part on historical participation rates, that its total settlement payment would be approximately $9.0 million, and in the second quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a liability in that amount for the settlement. The period for class members to make claims has since expired, and in first quarter of 2018, based on the claims received and related administrative costs, the Company estimated that the total settlement payment will be approximately $7.6 million.

In the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company reduced the liability for the settlement payment by $1.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively, reversed nil amount and $1.7 million of the related revenue reduction recorded in 2017, respectively, and reversed $1.7 million and $1.7 million of the related legal settlement fees that is included in selling, general and administrative expense in the statement of operations.

In addition to the matters disclosed above, the Company may from time to time be subject to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company does not expect any of those legal proceedings to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

Agency and Regulatory Proceedings

From time to time, the Company responds to inquiries or requests for information or materials from public utility commissions or other governmental regulatory or law enforcement agencies related to investigations under statutory or regulatory schemes. The Company cannot predict whether any of those matters will lead to claims or enforcement actions or whether the Company and the regulatory parties will enter into settlements before a formal claim is made.

New Jersey Attorney General and New Jersey Board of Public Utilities

On May 22, 2018, IDT Energy entered into a Consent Order with the New Jersey Attorney General and the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities to resolve an investigation related to IDT Energy’s pricing and business practices during the winter of 2014. Under the terms of the Consent Order, IDT Energy agreed to make payments totaling $1.4 million, including $1.2 million in restitution to consumers who received electricity and/or natural gas supply from IDT Energy in January, February and/or March of 2014. IDT Energy will also implement certain modifications to its sales, marketing and customer service processes, along with additional compliance and reporting requirements. In the third quarter of 2017, the Company accrued $1.5 million for this matter. IDT Energy has made full payment of the amount agreed upon in the Consent Order to a settlement administrator, who will process the restitution payments.

New York Public Service Commission Proceedings

In December 2017, the New York Public Service Commission (“PSC”) held an evidentiary hearing to assess the retail energy market in New York. The parties recently completed post-hearing briefing in the proceedings. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of any new order from the PSC that may follow from the evidentiary process, while preparing various contingencies for operation in compliance with any new requirements that may be imposed. Depending on the final language of any new order, as well as the Company’s ability to modify its relationships with its New York customers, an order could have a substantial impact upon the operations of GRE’s REPs in New York. As of September 30, 2018, New York represented 31.1% of GRE’s total meters served and 23.2% of the total residential customer equivalents (“RCEs”) of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, New York gross revenues were $17.1 million and $58.2 million, respectively.

An RCE represents a natural gas customer with annual consumption of 100 mmbtu or an electricity customer with annual consumption of 10 MWh. Because different customers have different rates of energy consumption, RCEs are an industry standard metric for evaluating the consumption profile of a given retail customer base.

On December 16, 2016, the PSC issued an order (the “2016 Order”) prohibiting REPs to service to customers enrolled in New York’s utility low-income assistance programs. Temporary stays of the 2016 Order expired, and REPs were required to return service of their low-income customers to the relevant local incumbent utility on the modified schedule set forth in the PSC’s 2016 Order. The 2016 Order required GRE’s REPs to transfer customer accounts comprising approximately 18,700 meters, representing approximately 10,600 RCEs, to their respective incumbent utilities in the three months ended March 31, 2018.

On March 27, 2018, the New York Court of Appeals granted Motions for Leave to Appeal the question of whether the Legislature ever imparted to the PSC the authority to regulate the rates that private, non-monopoly REPs charge their customers. The Court of Appeals is now set to review a 2017 decision entered by the Appellate Division, Third Department, concerning the issue of the scope of the PSC’s authority over REPs under the Public Service Law, and to pronounce New York law on that issue. A briefing schedule was put in place, and the appeal is currently scheduled to be heard sometime after January 2019.

Ohio Public Utilities Commission

In August and November of 2017, the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio (“PUCO”) commenced investigations into the marketing and enrollment practices of the Company’s subsidiary Town Square Energy. The PUCO’s investigations arose from customer complaints that representatives of Town Square allegedly engaged in misleading and deceptive sales practices in connection with Town Square’s table top marketing campaign. Town Square has and continues to cooperate fully with the PUCO’s investigation. Pending the outcome of the investigations, and in response to the PUCO’s recommendation, Town Square temporarily ceased further marketing activity in Ohio. Town Square also undertook various remedial measures which included retraining its vendors. Subsequently, on January 16, 2018, the PUCO issued its findings that Town Square was in probable non-compliance with various sections of the Ohio Administrative Code and proposed various corrective actions which included agent retraining, development of an effective quality assurance program and advising customers that they have the option to enroll with Town Square or switch their service to the regular utilities. Town Square has entered into settlement negotiations with the PUCO. If the parties are successful in reaching settlement, Town Square intends to resume marketing activity. In connection with the foregoing, the Company has accrued $0.2 million. As of September 30, 2018, Town Square in Ohio represented 0.3% of GRE’s total meters served and 0.4% of the total residential customer equivalents of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, Town Square in Ohio gross revenues were $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

State of Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority

On September 19, 2018, the State of Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority (“PURA”) commenced an investigation into Town Square following customer complaints of allegedly misleading and deceptive sales practices on the part of Town Square. Although Town Square denies any basis for those complaints and any wrongdoing on its part, it is cooperating with PURA’s investigation. As of September 30, 2018, Town Square’s Connecticut customer base represented 9.5% of GRE’s total meters served and 11.6% of the total residential customer equivalents of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, Town Square’s gross revenues from sales in Connecticut were $8.4 million and $18.9 million, respectively. Based upon the Company’s preliminary assessment of this matter, a loss is not considered probable, nor is the amount of loss, if any, estimable as of September 30, 2018.

State of Illinois Office of the Attorney General

In response to complaints that IDT Energy enrolled consumers without their express consent and misrepresented the amount of savings those consumers would receive, the Office of the Attorney General of the State of Illinois (“IL AG”) has been investigating the marketing practices of IDT Energy and has alleged violations of the Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act and the Illinois Telephone Solicitations Act. Although IDT Energy denies any wrongdoing in connection with those allegations, it is currently working with the IL AG to settle the matter pursuant to a Final Order and Consent Decree to be approved by the Circuit Court of Cook County that may include restitution payments in the amount of $3 million, suspension of all marketing activities directed at new customers, and implementation of various compliance and reporting procedures.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded a liability of $3.0 million recorded as a reduction of electricity revenues in the consolidated statement of operations. As of September 30, 2018, Illinois represented 5.8% of GRE’s total meters served and 4.4% of the total residential customer equivalents of GRE’s customer base. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, IDT Energy’s gross revenues from sales in Illinois were $4.7 million and $13.7 million, respectively.

Other Commitments

Purchase Commitments

The Company had future purchase commitments to purchase electricity of $69.6 million at September 30, 2018, which are expected to be paid as follows: $50.7 million in the twelve months ending September 30, 2019; $17.5 million in the twelve months ending September 30, 2020 and $1.4 million in the twelve months ending September 30, 2021.

Renewable Energy Credits

GRE must obtain a certain percentage or amount of its power supply from renewable energy sources in order to meet the requirements of renewable portfolio standards in the states in which it operates. This requirement may be met by obtaining renewable energy credits that provide evidence that electricity has been generated by a qualifying renewable facility or resource. At September 30, 2018, GRE had commitments to purchase renewable energy credits of $15.2 million.

Performance Bonds

GRE has performance bonds issued through a third party for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states’ financial requirements for REPs. At September 30, 2018, GRE had aggregate performance bonds of $12.7 million outstanding.

BP Energy Company Preferred Supplier Agreement

As of November 19, 2015, certain of GRE’s REPs entered into an Amended and Restated Preferred Supplier Agreement with BP, which was amended as of June 7, 2018. The agreement’s termination date is November 30, 2021, except any party may terminate the agreement on November 30, 2020 by giving the other parties notice by May 31, 2019. Under the agreement, the REPs purchase electricity and natural gas at market rate plus a fee. The obligations to BP are secured by a first security interest in deposits or receivables from utilities in connection with their purchase of the REPs’ customer’s receivables, and in any cash deposits or letters of credit posted in connection with any collateral accounts with BP. In addition, the REPs must pay an advance payment of $2.0 million to BP each month that BP will apply to the next invoiced amount due to BP. The ability to purchase electricity and natural gas under this agreement is subject to satisfaction of certain conditions including the maintenance of certain covenants. At September 30, 2018, the Company was in compliance with such covenants. At September 30, 2018, restricted cash—short-term of $2.5 million and trade accounts receivable of $38.7 million were pledged to BP as collateral for the payment of trade accounts payable to BP of $13.4 million at September 30, 2018.