Note 4—Revenue Recognition

Revenue from the single performance obligation to deliver a unit of electricity and/or natural gas is recognized as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit. Variable quantities in requirements contracts are considered to be options for additional goods and services because the customer has a current contractual right to choose the amount of additional distinct goods to purchase. Utility companies offer purchase of receivable, or POR, programs in most of the service territories in which the Company operates, and GRE’s REPs participate in POR programs for a majority of their receivables. The Company estimates variable consideration related to its rebate programs using the expected value method and a portfolio approach. The Company’s estimates related to rebate programs are based on the terms of the rebate program, the customer’s historical electricity and natural gas consumption, the customer’s rate plan, and a churn factor. Taxes that are imposed on the Company’s sales and collected from customers are excluded from the transaction price.

Revenue from sales of solar panels are recognized at a point in time following the transfer of control of the solar panels to the customer, which typically occurs upon shipment or delivery depending on the terms of the underlying contracts. For sales contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, such as the shipment or delivery of solar modules, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract based on relative standalone selling prices, or estimates of such prices, and recognize the related revenue as control of each individual product is transferred to the customer, in satisfaction of the corresponding performance obligations. Revenues from sale of solar panels are included in other revenues in the consolidated statements of operations.

The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer as an asset if it expects the benefit of those costs to be received in a period longer than one year. The Company determined that certain sales commissions to acquire customers meet the requirements to be capitalized. For GRE, the Company applies a practical expedient to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions to acquire customers as the period would have been one year or less. Incremental customer acquisition cost of Lumo are capitalized and amortized over eighteen months. These costs and the related amortization are recorded within sales and marketing expenses. Total capitalized customer acquisition costs to obtain a contract were $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Total capitalized customer acquisition costs to obtain a contract were $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. At June 30, 2020, customer acquisition costs of $0.6 million and $0.1 million were included in other current assets and other assets, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company continuously monitors its customer relationship periods to ensure compliance with the application of the standard.

Disaggregated Revenues

The following table shows the Company’s revenues disaggregated by pricing plans offered to customers:

	Electricity		Natural Gas		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Fixed rate	$	30,031	$	738	$	—	$	30,769
Variable rate		35,875		4,658		—		40,533
Other		—		—		4,773		4,773
Total	$	65,906	$	5,396	$	4,773	$	76,075

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Fixed rate	$	24,716	$	534	$	—	$	25,250
Variable rate		27,339		4,660		—		31,999
Other		—		—		3,760		3,760
Total	$	52,055	$	5,194	$	3,760	$	61,009

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Fixed rate	$	57,550	$	2,568	$	—	$	60,118
Variable rate		78,327		18,899		—		97,226
Other		—		—		22,782		22,782
Total	$	135,877	$	21,467	$	22,782	$	180,126

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Fixed rate	$	48,033	$	1,785	$	—	$	49,818
Variable rate		66,636		22,115		—		88,751
Other		—		—		9,057		9,057
Total	$	114,669	$	23,900	$	9,057	$	147,626

	Electricity		Natural Gas		Other		Total
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Non-Commercial Channel	$	54,783	$	4,631	$	—	$	59,414
Commercial Channel		11,123		765		—		11,888
Other		—		—		4,773		4,773
Total	$	65,906	$	5,396	$	4,773	$	76,075

Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Non-Commercial Channel	$	45,371	$	4,207	$	—	$	49,578
Commercial Channel		6,684		987		—		7,671
Other		—		—		3,760		3,760
Total	$	52,055	$	5,194	$	3,760	$	61,009

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Non-Commercial Channel	$	115,754	$	19,004	$	—	$	134,758
Commercial Channel		20,123		2,463		—		22,586
Other		—		—		22,782		22,782
Total	$	135,877	$	21,467	$	22,782	$	180,126

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Non-Commercial Channel	$	105,712	$	20,914	$	—	$	126,626
Commercial Channel		8,957		2,986		—		11,943
Other		—		—		9,057		9,057
Total	$	114,669	$	23,900	$	9,057	$	147,626

Certain revenue contracts in GES include provisions that require advance payment from customers. These advance payments are recognized as revenue as the Company satisfies the performance obligations to the other party. A portion of the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations to be satisfied in the future periods is recognized as contract liability.

The increase in contract liabilities primarily related to a significant advance payment by a customer to purchase solar panels, which the Company expects to deliver in 2020.