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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2025
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-31977
COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California |  | 77-0539125
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

7100 N. Financial Dr., Suite 101, Fresno, California |  | 93720
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number (559) 298-1775
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Common Stock, no par value |  | CWBC |  | NASDAQ Capital Market
(Title of Each Class) |  | (Trading Symbol) |  | (Name of Each Exchange on which Registered)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Accelerated filer | ☒ |  | Emerging growth company | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Small reporting company | ☐ |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
1

As of May 6, 2025 there were 19,061,344 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.
2

COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
2025 QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1 | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 5
ITEM 1 | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) | 5
ITEM 2 | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 37
ITEM 3 | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 53
ITEM 4 | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 53
PART II | OTHER INFORMATION | 53
ITEM 1 | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 53
ITEM 1A | RISK FACTORS | 53
ITEM 2 | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 54
ITEM 3 | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES | 54
ITEM 4 | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES | 54
ITEM 5 | OTHER INFORMATION | 54
ITEM 6 | EXHIBITS | 55
SIGNATURES |  | 56

2

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain matters set forth herein (including any exhibits hereto) constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including forward-looking statements relating to the Company’s current business plans and expectations regarding future operating results. Forward-looking statements may include, but are not limited to, the use of forward-looking language, such as “likely result in,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “intends to,” or may include other similar words or phrases, such as “believes,” “plans,” “trend,” “objective,” “continues,” “remains,” or similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs, such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “might,” “can,” or similar verbs. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those projected. These risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, include, but are not limited to:
•current and future business, economic and market conditions in the United States generally or in the communities we serve, including the effects of declines in property values and overall slowdowns in economic growth should these events occur;
•economic uncertainty attributable to the imposition of tariffs by the Trump administration;
•inflationary pressures and changes in the interest rate environment that reduce our margins and yields, the fair value of financial instruments or our level of loan originations, or increase the level of defaults, losses and prepayments on loans we have made and make, whether held in the portfolio or in the secondary market;
•effects of and changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve Board;
•geopolitical and domestic political developments that can increase levels of political and economic unpredictability, contribute to rising energy and commodity prices, and increase the volatility of financial markets;
•changes in the level of nonperforming assets and charge offs and other credit quality measures, and their impact on the adequacy of our allowance for credit losses and our provision for credit losses;
•factors that can impact the performance of our loan portfolio, including real estate values and liquidity in our primary market areas, the financial health of our commercial borrowers, and the success of construction projects that we finance;
•our ability to achieve loan growth and attract deposits in our market area, the impact of the cost of deposits and our ability to retain deposits;
•liquidity issues, including fluctuations in the fair value and liquidity of the securities we hold for sale and our ability to raise additional capital, if necessary;
•continued or increasing competition from other financial institutions, credit unions, and non-bank financial services companies, many of which are subject to different regulations than we are;
•challenges arising from unsuccessful attempts to expand into new geographic markets, products, or services;
•restraints on the ability of Community West Bank to pay dividends to us, which could limit our liquidity;
•increased capital requirements imposed by banking regulators, which may require us to raise capital at a time when capital is not available on favorable terms or at all;
•inaccuracies in our assumptions about future events, which could result in material differences between our financial projections and actual financial performance;
•changes in our management personnel or our inability to retain, motivate and hire qualified management personnel;
•disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, our information technology systems;
•disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events affecting the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions;
•an inability to keep pace with the rate of technological advances due to a lack of resources to invest in new technologies;
•natural disasters, such as earthquakes, drought, pandemic diseases (such as the coronavirus) or extreme weather events, any of which may affect services we use or affect our customers, employees or third parties with which we conduct business;
•compliance with governmental and regulatory requirements, relating to banking, consumer protection, securities and tax matters and changes in those requirements made by the Trump administration; and
•our ability to the manage the foregoing.
The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read together with the other cautionary statements included in this report. Because of these risks and other uncertainties, our actual future results, performance or achievement, or industry results, may be materially different from the results indicated by the forward looking statements in this report. In addition, our past results of operations are not necessarily indicative of our future results. You should not rely on any forward looking statements, which represent our beliefs, assumptions and estimates only as of the dates on which they were made, as predictions of future events. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise. Further information on other factors that could affect the financial results of the Company are
3

included in Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and in the Company’s other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These documents are available free of charge at the SEC website at http://www.sec.gov.
4

PART 1: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share amounts) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
ASSETS |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 35,710 |  |  | $ | 28,029 |
Interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | 112,682 |  |  | 92,369 |
Total cash and cash equivalents |  | 148,392 |  |  | 120,398 |
Available-for-sale debt securities, at fair value, net of allowance for credit losses of $0, with an amortized cost of $525,499 at March 31, 2025 and $536,334 at December 31, 2024, respectively |  | 469,033 |  |  | 477,113 |
Held-to-maturity debt securities, at amortized cost less allowance for credit losses of $974 at March 31, 2025 and $1,156 at December 31, 2024, respectively |  | 301,160 |  |  | 301,359 |
Equity securities, at fair value |  | 6,684 |  |  | 6,586 |
Loans, less allowance for credit losses of $26,095 at March 31, 2025 and $25,803 at December 31, 2024, respectively |  | 2,320,802 |  |  | 2,308,418 |
Bank premises and equipment, net |  | 23,828 |  |  | 24,469 |
Bank-owned life insurance |  | 53,685 |  |  | 53,319 |
Federal Home Loan Bank stock |  | 10,978 |  |  | 10,978 |
Goodwill |  | 96,828 |  |  | 96,828 |
Core deposit intangibles |  | 9,017 |  |  | 9,268 |
Accrued interest receivable and other assets |  | 112,679 |  |  | 113,035 |
Total assets |  | $ | 3,553,086 |  |  | $ | 3,521,771 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |
Non-interest bearing |  | $ | 1,012,288 |  |  | $ | 980,824 |
Interest bearing |  | 1,916,390 |  |  | 1,929,953 |
Total deposits |  | 2,928,678 |  |  | 2,910,777 |
Borrowings |  | 134,377 |  |  | 133,442 |
Senior debt and subordinated debentures, less debt issuance costs of $230 at March 31, 2025 and $266 at December 31, 2024 |  | 69,925 |  |  | 69,889 |
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities |  | 47,909 |  |  | 44,978 |
Total liabilities |  | 3,180,889 |  |  | 3,159,086 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |
Non-voting common stock, 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding |  | — |  |  | — |
Preferred stock, no par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding |  | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, no par value; 80,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding: 19,061,009 and 18,974,647 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. |  | 208,958 |  |  | 207,816 |
Retained earnings |  | 215,999 |  |  | 209,984 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  | (52,760) |  |  | (55,115) |
Total shareholders’ equity |  | 372,197 |  |  | 362,685 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 3,553,086 |  |  | $ | 3,521,771 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5

COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(In thousands, except share and per-share amounts) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
INTEREST INCOME: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest and fees on loans |  | $ | 38,425 |  |  | $ | 18,299 |  |  |  |  |
Interest on deposits in other banks |  | 1,056 |  |  | 432 |  |  |  |  |
Interest and dividends on investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable |  | 4,350 |  |  | 5,500 |  |  |  |  |
Exempt from Federal income taxes |  | 1,307 |  |  | 1,396 |  |  |  |  |
Total interest income |  | 45,138 |  |  | 25,627 |  |  |  |  |
INTEREST EXPENSE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest on deposits |  | 10,388 |  |  | 5,018 |  |  |  |  |
Interest on borrowings |  | 1,673 |  |  | 621 |  |  |  |  |
Interest on senior debt and subordinated debentures |  | 895 |  |  | 915 |  |  |  |  |
Total interest expense |  | 12,956 |  |  | 6,554 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income before provision for credit losses |  | 32,182 |  |  | 19,073 |  |  |  |  |
(CREDIT) PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES |  | (41) |  |  | 575 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income after (credit) provision for credit losses |  | 32,223 |  |  | 18,498 |  |  |  |  |
NON-INTEREST INCOME: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges |  | 502 |  |  | 384 |  |  |  |  |
Net realized losses on sales and calls of investment securities |  | — |  |  | (373) |  |  |  |  |
Other income |  | 2,109 |  |  | 1,625 |  |  |  |  |
Total non-interest income |  | 2,611 |  |  | 1,636 |  |  |  |  |
NON-INTEREST EXPENSES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits |  | 12,959 |  |  | 8,638 |  |  |  |  |
Occupancy and equipment |  | 2,827 |  |  | 1,543 |  |  |  |  |
Other |  | 7,684 |  |  | 5,152 |  |  |  |  |
Total non-interest expenses |  | 23,470 |  |  | 15,333 |  |  |  |  |
Income before provision for income taxes |  | 11,364 |  |  | 4,801 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes |  | 3,071 |  |  | 1,125 |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |  |  |  |  |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 0.44 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares used in basic computation |  | 18,933,830 |  |  | 11,750,528 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 0.44 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares used in diluted computation |  | 19,014,773 |  |  | 11,790,231 |  |  |  |  |
Cash dividend per common share |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  | $ | 0.12 |  |  |  |  |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
6

COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(In thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gains on securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized holding gains arising during the period |  | 2,755 |  |  | 2,086 |  |  |  |  |
Reclassification of net losses included in net income |  | — |  |  | 373 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of net unrealized losses transferred |  | 589 |  |  | 586 |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income, before tax |  | 3,344 |  |  | 3,045 |  |  |  |  |
Tax effect |  | (989) |  |  | (900) |  |  |  |  |
Total other comprehensive income |  | 2,355 |  |  | 2,145 |  |  |  |  |
Comprehensive income |  | $ | 10,648 |  |  | $ | 5,821 |  |  |  |  |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
7

COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
THREE MONTHS ENDED March 31, 2025 AND 2024
(Unaudited)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Net of Taxes) |  | Total Shareholders’ Equity
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Common Stock |  | Retained Earnings |
(In thousands, except share amounts) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |
Balance, December 31, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11,818,039 |  |  | $ | 62,550 |  |  | $ | 210,548 |  |  | $ | (66,034) |  |  | $ | 207,064 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,676 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,676 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,145 |  |  | 2,145 |
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,380 |  |  | 70 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 70 |
Stock awarded to employees |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Restricted stock granted net of forfeitures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,275 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 181 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 181 |
Cash dividend |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,419) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,419) |
Balance, March 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 11,831,994 |  |  | $ | 62,801 |  |  | $ | 212,805 |  |  | $ | (63,889) |  |  | $ | 211,717 |
Balance, December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18,974,647 |  |  | $ | 207,816 |  |  | $ | 209,984 |  |  | $ | (55,115) |  |  | $ | 362,685 |
Net income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,293 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,293 |
Other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,355 |  |  | 2,355 |
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,642 |  |  | 123 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |
Restricted stock granted net of forfeitures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,507 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 291 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 291 |
Cash dividend |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,278) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,278) |
Stock options exercised, net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 74,343 |  |  | 808 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 808 |
Repurchase and retirement of common stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (4,130) |  |  | (80) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (80) |
Balance, March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 19,061,009 |  |  | $ | 208,958 |  |  | $ | 215,999 |  |  | $ | (52,760) |  |  | $ | 372,197 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
8

COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |
Net (decrease) increase in deferred loan fees |  | 25 |  |  | (378) |
Depreciation |  | 805 |  |  | 381 |
Accretion of discounts on investments |  | (444) |  |  | (443) |
Amortization of premiums on investments |  | 1,046 |  |  | 1,266 |
Amortization of debt issuance costs |  | 36 |  |  | 36 |
Accretion of premiums and discounts on acquired loans, net |  | (3,370) |  |  | (41) |
Amortization of fair value marks on liabilities assumed |  | 1,287 |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation |  | 291 |  |  | 181 |
(Credit) provision for credit losses |  | (41) |  |  | 575 |
Net realized losses on sales and calls of available-for-sale investment securities |  | — |  |  | 373 |
Net loss on disposal of premises and equipment |  | 36 |  |  | — |
Net change in equity securities |  | (98) |  |  | 70 |
Appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance |  | (366) |  |  | (275) |
Net increase in accrued interest receivable and other assets |  | (565) |  |  | (2,900) |
Net increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities |  | 2,958 |  |  | 670 |
Provision for deferred income taxes |  | 1,174 |  |  | 832 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 11,067 |  |  | 4,023 |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sales or calls of available-for-sale investment securities |  | — |  |  | 5,700 |
Proceeds from maturity and principal repayments of available-for-sale investment securities |  | 9,659 |  |  | 18,731 |
Proceeds from maturity and principal repayments of held-to-maturity investment securities |  | 555 |  |  | 268 |
Net (increase) decrease in loans |  | (9,210) |  |  | 3,661 |
Purchases of premises and equipment |  | (317) |  |  | (441) |
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment |  | 117 |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by investing activities |  | 804 |  |  | 27,919 |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |
Net increase (decrease) in demand, interest bearing and savings deposits |  | 7,725 |  |  | (22,424) |
Net increase in time deposits |  | 9,825 |  |  | 12,062 |
Proceeds from short-term borrowings from Federal Home Loan Bank |  | 178,000 |  |  | 331,000 |
Repayments of short-term borrowings to Federal Home Loan Bank |  | (178,000) |  |  | (344,000) |
Repurchase and retirement of common stock |  | (80) |  |  | — |
Proceeds from stock issued under employee stock purchase plan |  | 123 |  |  | 70 |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |  | 808 |  |  | — |
Cash dividend payments on common stock |  | (2,278) |  |  | (1,419) |
Net cash used in by financing activities |  | 16,123 |  |  | (24,711) |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents |  | 27,994 |  |  | 7,231 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |  | 120,398 |  |  | 53,728 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |  | $ | 148,392 |  |  | $ | 60,959 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
9

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(In thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOWS INFORMATION: |  |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for: |  |  |  |
Interest |  | $ | 13,100 |  |  | $ | 5,788 |
Income taxes |  | — |  |  | — |
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | 820 |  |  | 577 |
Non-cash investing and financing activities: |  |  |  |
Unrealized gain on securities available for sale |  | $ | 2,755 |  |  | $ | 2,459 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.
10

COMMUNITY WEST BANCSHARES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2025
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Basis of Presentation
Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
The interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Community West Bancshares and subsidiary have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Community West Bancshares and its wholly owned subsidiary Community West Bank (the “Bank”) (collectively, the “Company”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been omitted. The Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position at March 31, 2025, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the three month interim periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 have been included. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of these interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Segment and Significant Group Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company has one reportable segment: banking operations. Loans and leases, investment securities, interest-bearing deposits and non-interest income provide the revenues of the banking operation. Loans and leases generate a majority of the Company’s interest and fee income. Interest income earned on investment securities and interest-bearing deposits are another source of revenue. Non-interest income is derived from deposit products offered to customers that generate fees and service charge income. Additional other sources of non-interest income include earnings from bank owned life insurance, merchant card services, and other investments. Interest expense, provisions for credit losses, salaries and employee benefits, and data processing provide the significant expenses in banking operations. These significant expenses are the same as those disclosed in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM is provided with consolidated balance sheets, income statements, and net interest margin analyses in order to evaluate the revenue streams, significant expenses, and budget-to-actual results in assessing the Company’s segment and determining the allocation of resources. Additionally, the CODM reviews performance of various components of banking operations, such as asset mix, funding sources for assets, and overhead costs, in order to assess product pricing, profitability and evaluate return on assets. The CODM uses consolidated net income to benchmark the Company against its competitors. The benchmarking analysis coupled with monitoring budget-to-actual results are used in assessing performance and in establishing compensation.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to the classifications used in 2025. None of the reclassifications had an impact on equity or net income.
Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2024-03, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Topic 220). The amendments in this update require disclosure, in the notes to financial statements, of specified information about certain costs and expenses. Entities will be required to disclose the amounts of employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each relevant expense caption. The update also requires entities to include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current GAAP in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements, disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively, and disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years
11

beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027 and may be applied on a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact these amendments will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance within ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740). The amendments in this update are intended to increase visibility into various income tax components that affect the reconciliation of the effective tax rate to the statutory rate, as well as the qualitative and quantitative aspects of those components. Public business entities will be required to disclose on an annual basis, specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet or exceed a five percent threshold (computed by multiplying pretax income by the applicable statutory income tax rate) and include disclosure of state and local jurisdictions that make up the majority of the state and local income tax category in the rate reconciliation. Additional disclosure items include disaggregation of income taxes paid to and income tax expense from federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions as well as disaggregation of income taxes paid to individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid are equal to or greater than five percent of total income taxes paid. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The adoption of this accounting guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements but will result in the expansion of the income tax disclosures.
FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU was issued to address stakeholder requests for more detailed information about expenses within each reportable segment and address disclosure requirements there within. The amendments retain existing disclosure requirements, and expand upon them for both interim and annual reporting periods. In addition, entities with a single reportable segment must now provide all segment disclosures required, including the new disclosure requirements. The Company adopted this guidance beginning with the annual period ending December 31, 2024 and applied these updates on a retrospective basis. Upon adoption, the Company provided additional expense detail within its segment disclosures and there was no impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
Note 2. Business Combinations
Effective on April 1, 2024, Central Valley Community Bancorp (“Central Valley”) completed its merger transaction with Community West Bancshares (“Community West”). Shortly thereafter Community West Bank (“CWB”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Community West, merged with and into Central Valley Community Bank (“CVCB”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Central Valley, with CVCB being the surviving banking institution. Effective with these mergers, the names of Central Valley and CVCB were changed to Community West Bancshares and Community West Bank, respectively.
Pursuant to the terms of the merger, holders of Community West common stock received 0.79 of a share of common stock of Central Valley for each share of Community West common stock held immediately prior to the effective time of the mergers, with cash to be paid in lieu of any fractional shares of common stock of Central Valley. As a result of the mergers, Central Valley issued approximately 7,037,202 shares of Central Valley common stock. The financial condition and results of operation of the combined companies is reported in the second quarter results.
The acquisition of Community West has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 805. Assets acquired, liabilities assumed, intangibles recognized and consideration exchanged was recorded at their respective acquisition date fair values. Determining the fair value of assets and liabilities involves significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values. We recorded the fair values based on the valuations available as of reporting date. The Company utilized the discounted cash flow methodology to determine the fair value of loans, which included significant assumptions relating to market discount rates using a build-up approach and default and loss rates. In the determination of the core deposit intangible, the Company utilized a discounted economic benefit methodology that included significant assumptions related to deposit runoff rates, cost of deposits, cost of alternative funds, and a discount rate applied.
The following table summarizes the consideration paid for Community West and the amounts of assets acquired and liabilities assumed that were recorded at the acquisition date (in thousands):
12

|  | Community West |
|  | April 1, 2024 |
Fair value of consideration transferred: |  |  |
Fair value of shares issued |  | $ | 139,970 |  |
Cash consideration |  | 2 |  |
Fair value of options assumed |  | 3,742 |  |
Total merger consideration |  | $ | 143,714 |  |
Assets acquired: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 58,523 |  |
Securities available-for-sale |  | 846 |  |
Loans and leases |  | 920,097 |  |
Premises and equipment |  | 7,608 |  |
Cash value of life insurance |  | 8,971 |  |
Other assets |  | 44,894 |  |
Total assets acquired |  | 1,040,939 |  |
Liabilities assumed: |  |  |
Deposits |  | (844,035) |  |
Borrowings |  | (85,638) |  |
Other liabilities |  | (10,603) |  |
Total liabilities assumed |  | (940,276) |  |
Total net assets acquired |  | 100,663 |  |
Goodwill created from transaction |  | $ | 43,051 |  |

The acquisition resulted in goodwill of $43 million, which is nondeductible for tax purposes, as this acquisition was a nontaxable transaction. Goodwill represents the premium paid over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired and reflects the related synergies from the combined operations.
The following table presents the fair value and gross contractual amounts receivable of acquired non-credit deteriorated loans from the recent acquisition on April 1, 2024, and their respective expected contractual cash flows as of the acquisition date (in thousands):

|  | Community West |
|  | April 1, 2024 |
Fair value |  | $ | 892,090 |  |
Gross contractual amounts receivable |  | 1,124,200 |  |
Estimate of contractual cash flows not expected to be collected (1) |  | 13,375 |  |
Estimate of contractual cash flows expected to be collected |  | 1,110,825 |  |
(1) Includes interest payments not expected to be collected due to loan prepayments as well as principal and interest payments not expected to be collected due to customer default. |

The acquisition improved the Company’s footprint in Central California, expanding to the Central Coast. The acquisition diversified its commercial banking business, adds additional revenue enhancing products, improved the Bank’s loan to deposit ratio, and creates operational efficiencies. Revenues and earnings of the acquired company since the acquisition date have not been disclosed as it is not practicable as Community West was merged into the Company and separate financial information is not readily available.
13

Note 3. Investments
The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and gross unrealized gains and losses (in thousands):

|  | March 31, 2025 |
Available-for-Sale Securities |  | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Estimated Fair Value | Allowance for Credit Losses |
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 9,994 |  | $ | — |  | $ | (770) |  | $ | 9,224 |  | $ | — |  |
U.S. Government agencies |  | 69 |  | — |  | (3) |  | 66 |  | — |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 183,031 |  | — |  | (20,796) |  | 162,235 |  | — |  |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 74,625 |  | 11 |  | (4,042) |  | 70,594 |  | — |  |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 257,322 |  | 6 |  | (30,901) |  | 226,427 |  | — |  |
Corporate debt securities |  | 458 |  | 29 |  | — |  | 487 |  | — |  |
Total available-for-sale |  | $ | 525,499 |  | $ | 46 |  | $ | (56,512) |  | $ | 469,033 |  | $ | — |  |
|  | March 31, 2025 |
Held-to-Maturity Securities |  | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Estimated Fair Value | Allowance for Credit Losses |
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | $ | 192,187 |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | (18,894) |  | $ | 173,347 |  | $ | 12 |  |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 11,181 |  | — |  | (1,874) |  | 9,307 |  | — |  |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 52,540 |  | — |  | (4,776) |  | 47,764 |  | 7 |  |
Corporate debt securities |  | 46,226 |  | — |  | (2,530) |  | 43,696 |  | 955 |  |
Total held-to-maturity |  | $ | 302,134 |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | (28,074) |  | $ | 274,114 |  | $ | 974 |  |

|  | December 31, 2024
Available-for-Sale Securities |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value | Allowance for Credit Losses |
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 9,994 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (936) |  |  | $ | 9,058 |  | $ | — |  |
U.S. Government agencies |  | 70 |  |  | — |  |  | (5) |  |  | 65 |  | — |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 183,766 |  |  | — |  |  | (19,126) |  |  | 164,640 |  | — |  |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 76,732 |  |  | 8 |  |  | (4,438) |  |  | 72,302 |  | — |  |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 265,302 |  |  | 6 |  |  | (34,753) |  |  | 230,555 |  | — |  |
Corporate debt securities |  | 470 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 493 |  |  |
Total available-for-sale |  | $ | 536,334 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | (59,258) |  |  | $ | 477,113 |  | $ | — |  |

14

|  | December 31, 2024
Held-to-Maturity Securities |  | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Estimated Fair Value | Allowance for Credit Losses
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | $ | 192,156 |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | (17,392) |  |  | $ | 174,818 |  | $ | 12 |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 11,095 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,100) |  |  | 8,995 |  | — |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 53,066 |  |  | — |  |  | (5,633) |  |  | 47,433 |  | 8 |
Corporate debt securities |  | 46,198 |  |  | — |  |  | (2,876) |  |  | 43,322 |  | 1,136 |
Total held-to-maturity |  | $ | 302,515 |  |  | $ | 54 |  |  | $ | (28,001) |  |  | $ | 274,568 |  | $ | 1,156 |

Proceeds and gross realized gains (losses) from the sales or calls of available-for-sale investment securities for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are shown below (in thousands):

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
Available-for-Sale Securities |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sales or calls |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,700 |  |  |  |  |
Gross realized gains from sales or calls |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Gross realized losses from sales or calls |  | — |  |  | (373) |  |  |  |  |

The provision for income taxes includes a $0 and $110,000 income tax benefit from security sales for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale and held-to maturity investment securities at March 31, 2025 by contractual maturity is shown below (in thousands). Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Available-for-Sale Securities |  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value
Within one year |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
After one year through five years |  | 15,660 |  |  | 14,320 |  |  | 15,661 |  |  | 14,056 |
After five years through ten years |  | 39,021 |  |  | 34,843 |  |  | 33,585 |  |  | 29,670 |
After ten years |  | 138,344 |  |  | 122,296 |  |  | 144,514 |  |  | 129,972 |
|  | 193,025 |  |  | 171,459 |  |  | 193,760 |  |  | 173,698 |
Investment securities not due at a single maturity date: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government agencies |  | 69 |  |  | 66 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 65 |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 74,625 |  |  | 70,594 |  |  | 76,732 |  |  | 72,302 |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 257,322 |  |  | 226,427 |  |  | 265,302 |  |  | 230,555 |
Corporate debt securities |  | 458 |  |  | 487 |  |  | 470 |  |  | 493 |
Total available-for-sale |  | $ | 525,499 |  |  | $ | 469,033 |  |  | $ | 536,334 |  |  | $ | 477,113 |

15

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Held-to-Maturity Securities |  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Amortized Cost |  | Estimated Fair Value
Within one year |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
After one year through five years |  | 26,422 |  |  | 25,491 |  |  | 24,535 |  |  | 23,368 |
After five years through ten years |  | 58,637 |  |  | 54,009 |  |  | 60,369 |  |  | 54,685 |
After ten years |  | 107,128 |  |  | 93,847 |  |  | 107,252 |  |  | 96,765 |
|  | 192,187 |  |  | 173,347 |  |  | 192,156 |  |  | 174,818 |
Investment securities not due at a single maturity date: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 11,181 |  |  | 9,307 |  |  | 11,095 |  |  | 8,995 |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 52,540 |  |  | 47,764 |  |  | 53,066 |  |  | 47,433 |
Corporate debt securities |  | 46,226 |  |  | 43,696 |  |  | 46,198 |  |  | 43,322 |
Total held-to-maturity |  | $ | 302,134 |  |  | $ | 274,114 |  |  | $ | 302,515 |  |  | $ | 274,568 |

At March 31, 2025 there were two issuers of private label mortgage securities in which the Company had holdings of securities in amounts greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity. Investments with these issuers were in senior tranches and/or were rated “AAA” or higher and there were no credit issues identified.
The following table summarizes the Company’s AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by major security type and length of time in a continuous unrealized loss position (in thousands):

|  | March 31, 2025
|  | Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
|  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  | Fair |  | Unrealized
Available-for-Sale Securities |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Value |  | Losses
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,224 |  |  | $ | (770) |  |  | $ | 9,224 |  |  | $ | (770) |
U.S. Government agencies |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 66 |  |  | (3) |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 2,802 |  |  | (450) |  |  | 159,433 |  |  | (20,346) |  |  | 162,235 |  |  | (20,796) |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 4,602 |  |  | (22) |  |  | 64,892 |  |  | (4,020) |  |  | 69,494 |  |  | (4,042) |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 226,369 |  |  | (30,901) |  |  | 226,369 |  |  | (30,901) |
Total available-for-sale |  | $ | 7,404 |  |  | $ | (472) |  |  | $ | 459,984 |  |  | $ | (56,040) |  |  | $ | 467,388 |  |  | $ | (56,512) |

|  | December 31, 2024
|  | Less than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
|  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  | Fair |  | Unrealized |  | Fair |  | Unrealized
Available-for-Sale Securities |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Value |  | Losses |  | Value |  | Losses
Debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9,058 |  |  | $ | (936) |  |  | $ | 9,058 |  |  | $ | (936) |
U.S. Government agencies |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 65 |  |  | (5) |  |  | 65 |  |  | (5) |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 1,853 |  |  | (152) |  |  | 162,787 |  |  | (18,974) |  |  | 164,640 |  |  | (19,126) |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 359 |  |  | (4) |  |  | 63,401 |  |  | (4,434) |  |  | 63,760 |  |  | (4,438) |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 226,070 |  |  | (34,753) |  |  | 226,070 |  |  | (34,753) |
Total available-for-sale |  | $ | 2,212 |  |  | $ | (156) |  |  | $ | 461,381 |  |  | $ | (59,102) |  |  | $ | 463,593 |  |  | $ | (59,258) |

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As of March 31, 2025, the Company had a total of 139 AFS debt securities in a gross unrealized loss position with no credit impairment, consisting of 1 U.S. Treasury security, 1 U.S. Government agency security, 43 obligations of states and political subdivisions, 43 U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations, and 52 private label mortgage and asset backed securities.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
Each reporting period, the Company assesses each AFS debt security that is in an unrealized loss position to determine whether the decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis results from a credit loss or other factors. The Company did not record an ACL on any available for sale securities at March 31, 2025. As of that date, the Company considers the unrealized losses across the classes of major security-type to be related to fluctuations in market conditions, primarily interest rates, and not reflective of a deterioration in credit value. As of March 31, 2025, the Company determined that it is not more likely than not that there is an intention to sell securities or that the Company would be required to sell securities.
The gross unrealized losses presented in the preceding tables were primarily attributable to interest rate increases and liquidity and were mainly comprised of the following:
•Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions: The unrealized losses on investments in obligations of states and political subdivisions are caused by increases in required yields by investors in these types of securities. It is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investment.
•U.S. Treasury and Government Sponsored Entities and Agencies Collateralized by Residential Mortgage Obligations: The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in U.S. treasuries and government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations were caused by interest rate changes. The contractual cash flows of those investments are guaranteed or supported by an agency or sponsored entity of the U.S. Government. Accordingly, it is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the Company’s investment.
•Private Label Mortgage and Asset Backed Securities: The Company has invested exclusively in AA and AAA tranches of various private label mortgage and asset backed securities. Each purchase is subject to a credit and structure review prior to their purchase. Ratings are reviewed on a quarterly basis in addition to other metrics provided through third-party services. Following review of the financial metrics and ratings, management concluded that the unrealized loss position of the private label mortgage and asset backed securities related exclusively to the fluctuation in market conditions and were not reflective of any credit concerns with the tranches comprising the Company’s investments.
No allowance for credit losses has been recognized on AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, as management does not believe that any of the securities are impaired due to credit risk factors as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
The Company separately evaluates its HTM debt securities for any credit losses based on probability of default and loss given default utilizing historical industry data based on investment category, while also considering reasonable and supportable forecasts. The probability of default and loss given default are incorporated into the present value of expected cash flows and compared against amortized cost.
The allowance for credit losses on HTM securities was $974,000 and $1,156,000 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The allowance for credit losses on HTM securities is driven by economic scenarios, estimated probabilities of default and loss given default. Economic scenarios are updated quarterly.
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The following table shows the summary of activities for the allowance for credit losses related to held-to-maturity debt securities for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2025 | 2024 |  |  |
Debt Securities Held-to-Maturity |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning ACL balance |  | $ | 1,156 |  | $ | 1,051 |  |  |  |
Credit to credit losses |  | (182) |  | (157) |  |  |  |
Total ending ACL balance |  | $ | 974 |  | $ | 894 |  |  |  |

During the three month period ended March 31, 2025, the credit to credit losses for held-to-maturity securities was primarily driven by economic conditions included in the forecasted economic scenarios. There were no changes to the economic scenarios utilized nor the weightings utilized during the quarter. Management believes that the allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities at March 31, 2025 appropriately reflected expected credit losses at that date.
The Company monitors credit quality of debt securities held-to-maturity through the use of credit ratings. The Company monitors the credit ratings on a quarterly basis. For non-rated investment securities, management receives quarterly performance updates to monitor for any credit concerns. There were no HTM securities on nonaccrual or past due over 89 days and still on accrual. The following table summarizes the amortized cost of debt securities held-to-maturity at the dates indicated, aggregated by credit quality indicator. U.S. Government sponsored agencies are not included in the below tables as credit ratings are not applicable.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |
Debt Securities Held-to-Maturity (in thousands) |  | AAA/AA/A | BBB | Unrated |  |  |  |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | $ | 192,187 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 50,936 |  | — |  | 1,604 |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities |  | — |  | 30,224 |  | 16,002 |  |  |  |  |
Total debt securities held-to-maturity |  | $ | 243,123 |  | $ | 30,224 |  | $ | 17,606 |  |  |  |  |

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Note 4. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
The majority of the disclosures in this footnote are prepared at the class level, which is equivalent to the call report or call code classification. The roll forward of the allowance for credit losses is presented at the portfolio segment level. Accrued interest receivable on loans of $10,512,000 and $10,745,000 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 respectively is not included in the loan tables below and is included in other assets on the Company’s balance sheets. Outstanding loans are summarized by class as follows:

Loan Type (Dollars in thousands) |  | March 31, 2025 |  |  |  | December 31, 2024 |  |
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 146,736 |  |  |  |  | $ | 143,422 |  |  |
Agricultural production |  | 28,045 |  |  |  |  | 37,323 |  |  |
Total commercial |  | 174,781 |  |  |  |  | 180,745 |  |  |
Real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction & other land loans |  | 71,075 |  |  |  |  | 67,869 |  |  |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 325,838 |  |  |  |  | 323,188 |  |  |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 923,589 |  |  |  |  | 913,165 |  |  |
Farmland |  | 137,587 |  |  |  |  | 139,815 |  |  |
Multi-family residential |  | 143,524 |  |  |  |  | 133,595 |  |  |
1-4 family - close-ended |  | 121,751 |  |  |  |  | 123,445 |  |  |
1-4 family - revolving |  | 32,477 |  |  |  |  | 35,421 |  |  |
Total real estate |  | 1,755,841 |  |  |  |  | 1,736,498 |  |  |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufactured housing |  | 319,211 |  |  |  |  | 322,263 |  |  |
Other installment |  | 95,180 |  |  |  |  | 92,839 |  |  |
Total consumer |  | 414,391 |  |  |  |  | 415,102 |  |  |
Total gross loans |  | 2,345,013 |  |  |  |  | 2,332,345 |  |  |
Net deferred origination costs |  | 1,884 |  |  |  |  | 1,876 |  |  |
Loans, net of deferred origination costs |  | 2,346,897 |  |  |  |  | 2,334,221 |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses |  | (26,095) |  |  |  |  | (25,803) |  |  |
Total loans, net |  | $ | 2,320,802 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,308,418 |  |  |

At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, loans originated under Small Business Administration (SBA) programs totaling $21,302,000 and $21,618,000, respectively, were included in the real estate and commercial categories, of which, $16,293,000 or 76% and $16,519,000 or 76%, respectively, were secured by government guarantees.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
The measurement of the allowance for credit losses on collectively evaluated loans is based on modeled expectations of lifetime expected credit losses utilizing national and local peer group historical losses, weighting of economic scenarios, and other relevant factors. The Company incorporates forward-looking information using macroeconomic scenarios, which include variables that are considered key drivers of credit losses within the portfolio. The Company uses a probability-weighted, multiple scenario forecast approach. These scenarios may consist of a base forecast representing the most likely outcome, combined with downside or upside scenarios reflecting possible worsening or improving economic conditions.
When a loan no longer shares similar risk characteristics with other loans, such as in the case of certain nonaccrual loans, the Company estimates the allowance for credit losses on an individual loan basis.
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The following table shows the summary of activities for the allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 by portfolio segment (in thousands):

|  | Commercial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | 1-4 Family Real Estate |  | Consumer |  |  |  | Total
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2025 |  | $ | 1,752 |  |  | $ | 17,766 |  |  | $ | 2,751 |  |  | $ | 3,534 |  |  |  |  | $ | 25,803 |
(Credit) provision for credit losses (1) |  | (35) |  |  | (379) |  |  | (238) |  |  | 820 |  |  |  |  | 168 |
Charge-offs |  | (6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (23) |  |  |  |  | (29) |
Recoveries |  | 71 |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | 74 |  |  |  |  | 153 |
Ending balance, March 31, 2025 |  | $ | 1,782 |  |  | $ | 17,387 |  |  | $ | 2,521 |  |  | $ | 4,405 |  |  |  |  | $ | 26,095 |

(1) Represents provision to credit losses for loans only. The credit to the provision for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income of $(41) includes a $(182) credit for held-to-maturity securities and a $(27) credit for unfunded loan commitments.

|  | Commercial |  | Commercial Real Estate |  | 1-4 Family Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Total
Allowance for credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance, January 1, 2024 |  | $ | 1,475 |  |  | $ | 9,792 |  |  | $ | 2,435 |  |  | $ | 951 |  |  | $ | 14,653 |
Provision (credit) for credit losses (1) |  | 9 |  |  | 474 |  |  | (246) |  |  | 293 |  |  | 530 |
Charge-offs |  | (507) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (68) |  |  | (575) |
Recoveries |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  | 26 |  |  | 50 |
Ending balance, March 31, 2024 |  | $ | 977 |  |  | $ | 10,290 |  |  | $ | 2,189 |  |  | $ | 1,202 |  |  | $ | 14,658 |

(1) Represents provision to credit losses for loans only. The provision for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income of $575 includes a $(157) credit for held-to-maturity securities and a $202 provision for unfunded loan commitments.
During the three month period ended March 31, 2025, the provision for credit losses on loans was primarily driven by loan growth and fluctuations in the economic forecasts utilized by the Company. There were no changes to the economic scenarios, weightings, or peer group utilized by the Company during the quarter. During the quarter, the allowance for credit losses on loans as a percentage of loans remained stable, with additions from net recoveries and a provision for loan losses for the consumer loans during the quarter, partially offset by credits to the provision in the other loan segments. The provision for credit losses for consumer loans included specific reserves of $493,000 established for manufactured housing loans that were impacted by the southern California wildfires in January 2025. Management believes that the allowance for credit losses at March 31, 2025 appropriately reflected expected credit losses in the loan portfolio at that date.
The following tables present the composition of nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 respectively (in thousands).

|  | March 31, 2025 |  |
|  | With an ACL |  | Without an ACL |  | Total Nonaccrual |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | — |  |  | 380 |  |  | 380 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Farmland |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | 2,398 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1-4 family real estate |  | — |  |  | 2,319 |  |  | 2,319 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufactured housing |  | 804 |  |  | 893 |  |  | 1,697 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | 27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 804 |  |  | $ | 6,132 |  |  | $ | 6,936 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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|  | December 31, 2024 |  |
|  | With an ACL |  | Without an ACL |  | Total Nonaccrual |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 120 |  |  | $ | 120 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | — |  |  | 378 |  |  | 378 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Farmland |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | 2,398 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1-4 family real estate |  | — |  |  | 2,335 |  |  | 2,335 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufactured housing |  | — |  |  | 1,215 |  |  | 1,215 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  | 15 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,461 |  |  | $ | 6,461 |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loans and by collateral type as of the dates indicated as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 respectively (in thousands).

|  | March 31, 2025
|  | Manufactured Homes |  | Real Estate |  | Machinery & Equipment |  | Total
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 115 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |  |  | 380 |
Farmland |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |
1-4 family real estate |  | — |  |  | 2,319 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,319 |
Manufactured housing |  | 1,697 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,697 |
Total |  | $ | 1,697 |  |  | $ | 4,832 |  |  | $ | 380 |  |  | $ | 6,909 |

|  | December 31, 2024
|  | Manufactured Homes |  | Real Estate |  | Machinery & Equipment |  |  |  | Total
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 120 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 120 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 378 |  |  |  |  | 378 |
Farmland |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 2,398 |
1-4 family real estate |  | — |  |  | 2,335 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 2,335 |
Manufactured housing |  | 1,215 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 1,215 |
Total |  | $ | 1,215 |  |  | $ | 4,853 |  |  | $ | 378 |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,446 |

The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem loans. Loan ratings are reviewed as part of the Company's normal loan monitoring process, but, at a minimum, updated on an annual basis. Under the Company’s risk rating system, the Company rates loans with potential problems as “Special Mention,” “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” and “Loss”. The following is a description of the characteristics of loan ratings.
Special Mention - A Special Mention loan has potential weaknesses that require management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the Company's credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.
Substandard - A Substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the full collection of amounts due. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the borrower’s deficiencies are not corrected.
Doubtful - A loan classified Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified as Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and
21

values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the loan, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans.
Loss - Loans classified Loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable loans is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this loan even though partial recovery may be realized in the future. Losses are taken in the period in which they are considered uncollectible.
Loans not meeting the criteria above are considered to be pass-rated loans.
The following table shows the loan portfolio by class, net of deferred costs, allocated by management’s internal risk ratings for the period indicated. The following table also shows the gross charge-offs recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2025 (in thousands):

| Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year As of March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior | Revolving Loans | Revolving Converted to Term | Total |
Commercial and industrial |
Pass/Watch | $ | 6,241 |  | $ | 31,684 |  | $ | 12,204 |  | $ | 15,642 |  | $ | 13,718 |  | $ | 12,389 |  | $ | 44,508 |  | $ | 30 |  | $ | 136,416 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,421 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,421 |  |
Substandard | — |  | 27 |  | — |  | 1,506 |  | 177 |  | 1,047 |  | 6,500 |  | — |  | 9,257 |  |
Total | $ | 6,241 |  | $ | 31,711 |  | $ | 12,204 |  | $ | 17,148 |  | $ | 15,316 |  | $ | 13,436 |  | $ | 51,008 |  | $ | 30 |  | $ | 147,094 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | 6 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 6 |  |
Agricultural production |
Pass/Watch | $ | 1,154 |  | $ | 4,831 |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 8 |  | $ | 159 |  | $ | 21,291 |  | $ | 591 |  | $ | 28,088 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Total | $ | 1,154 |  | $ | 4,831 |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 8 |  | $ | 159 |  | $ | 21,291 |  | $ | 591 |  | $ | 28,088 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Construction & other land loans |
Pass/Watch | $ | 325 |  | $ | 18,639 |  | $ | 26,474 |  | $ | 18,616 |  | $ | 4,930 |  | $ | 1,150 |  | $ | 458 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 70,592 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 100 |  | — |  | 100 |  |
Total | $ | 325 |  | $ | 18,639 |  | $ | 26,474 |  | $ | 18,616 |  | $ | 4,930 |  | $ | 1,150 |  | $ | 558 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 70,692 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |
Pass/Watch | $ | 5,764 |  | $ | 48,242 |  | $ | 23,071 |  | $ | 47,489 |  | $ | 43,020 |  | $ | 144,081 |  | $ | 7,276 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 318,943 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 3,092 |  | — |  | — |  | 3,092 |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | 1,756 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,523 |  | 190 |  | — |  | 3,469 |  |
Total | $ | 5,764 |  | $ | 48,242 |  | $ | 24,827 |  | $ | 47,489 |  | $ | 43,020 |  | $ | 148,696 |  | $ | 7,466 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 325,504 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |

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Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |
Pass/Watch | $ | 23,233 |  | $ | 95,066 |  | $ | 115,019 |  | $ | 189,538 |  | $ | 118,121 |  | $ | 323,141 |  | $ | 32,906 |  | $ | 200 |  | $ | 897,224 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | 587 |  | 628 |  | 6,307 |  | — |  | — |  | 7,522 |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 15,820 |  | 1,888 |  | — |  | 17,708 |  |
Total | $ | 23,233 |  | $ | 95,066 |  | $ | 115,019 |  | $ | 190,125 |  | $ | 118,749 |  | $ | 345,268 |  | $ | 34,794 |  | $ | 200 |  | $ | 922,454 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Farmland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 495 |  | $ | 7,548 |  | $ | 4,815 |  | $ | 22,575 |  | $ | 11,042 |  | $ | 69,774 |  | $ | 5,964 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 122,213 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | 3,824 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,350 |  | — |  | 5,174 |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | 3,312 |  | — |  | 6,803 |  | — |  | — |  | 10,115 |  |
Total | $ | 495 |  | $ | 7,548 |  | $ | 8,639 |  | $ | 25,887 |  | $ | 11,042 |  | $ | 76,577 |  | $ | 7,314 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 137,502 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Multi-family residential |
Pass/Watch | $ | 5,911 |  | $ | 12,870 |  | $ | 2,890 |  | $ | 31,029 |  | $ | 45,751 |  | $ | 38,623 |  | $ | 6,306 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 143,380 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Total | $ | 5,911 |  | $ | 12,870 |  | $ | 2,890 |  | $ | 31,029 |  | $ | 45,751 |  | $ | 38,623 |  | $ | 6,306 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 143,380 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
1-4 family - close-ended |
Pass/Watch | $ | — |  | $ | 2,466 |  | $ | 5,246 |  | $ | 62,166 |  | $ | 10,953 |  | $ | 31,013 |  | $ | 7,022 |  | $ | 100 |  | $ | 118,966 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | 67 |  | — |  | 2,252 |  | — |  | 548 |  | — |  | — |  | 2,867 |  |
Total | $ | — |  | $ | 2,533 |  | $ | 5,246 |  | $ | 64,418 |  | $ | 10,953 |  | $ | 31,561 |  | $ | 7,022 |  | $ | 100 |  | $ | 121,833 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
1-4 family - revolving |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 27,132 |  | $ | 5,527 |  | $ | 32,659 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 40 |  | 40 |  |
Total | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 27,132 |  | $ | 5,567 |  | $ | 32,699 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Manufactured Housing |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 10,477 |  | $ | 45,946 |  | $ | 40,915 |  | $ | 44,883 |  | $ | 37,333 |  | $ | 135,808 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 315,362 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | 117 |  | 570 |  | 517 |  | 623 |  | 2,010 |  | — |  | — |  | 3,837 |  |
Total | $ | 10,477 |  | $ | 46,063 |  | $ | 41,485 |  | $ | 45,400 |  | $ | 37,956 |  | $ | 137,818 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 319,199 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Consumer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 10,401 |  | $ | 49,344 |  | $ | 21,227 |  | $ | 5,209 |  | $ | 4,476 |  | $ | 6,930 |  | $ | 653 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 98,240 |  |

23

Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | 61 |  | 67 |  | 84 |  | — |  | — |  | 212 |  |
Total | $ | 10,401 |  | $ | 49,344 |  | $ | 21,227 |  | $ | 5,270 |  | $ | 4,543 |  | $ | 7,014 |  | $ | 653 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 98,452 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | 23 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 23 |  |
Total loans outstanding (risk rating): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 64,001 |  | $ | 316,636 |  | $ | 251,915 |  | $ | 437,147 |  | $ | 289,352 |  | $ | 763,068 |  | $ | 153,516 |  | $ | 6,448 |  | $ | 2,282,083 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | 3,824 |  | 587 |  | 2,049 |  | 9,399 |  | 1,350 |  | — |  | 17,209 |  |
Substandard | — |  | 211 |  | 2,326 |  | 7,648 |  | 867 |  | 27,835 |  | 8,678 |  | 40 |  | 47,605 |  |
Grand Total | $ | 64,001 |  | $ | 316,847 |  | $ | 258,065 |  | $ | 445,382 |  | $ | 292,268 |  | $ | 800,302 |  | $ | 163,544 |  | $ | 6,488 |  | $ | 2,346,897 |  |
Current period total gross write-offs | $ | 29 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 29 |  |

The following table shows the loan portfolio by class, net of deferred costs, allocated by management’s internal risk ratings for the period indicated. The following table also shows the gross charge-offs recognized during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

| Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year As of December 31, 2024 |  |  |  |
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior | Revolving Loans | Revolving Converted to Term | Total |
Commercial and industrial |
Pass/Watch | 29,768 |  | 13,064 |  | 16,231 |  | 14,639 |  | 4,518 |  | 9,457 |  | 44,199 |  | 1,022 |  | $ | 132,898 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,498 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,498 |  |
Substandard | 29 |  | — |  | 1,545 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,106 |  | 6,700 |  | — |  | 9,380 |  |
Total | $ | 29,797 |  | $ | 13,064 |  | $ | 17,776 |  | $ | 16,137 |  | $ | 4,518 |  | $ | 10,563 |  | $ | 50,899 |  | $ | 1,022 |  | $ | 143,776 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | 120 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 45 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 170 |  |
Agricultural production |
Pass/Watch | $ | 5,152 |  | $ | 284 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 9 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 300 |  | $ | 31,620 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 37,365 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Total | $ | 5,152 |  | $ | 284 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 9 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 300 |  | $ | 31,620 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 37,365 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 507 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 507 |  |
Construction & other land loans |
Pass/Watch | $ | 12,413 |  | $ | 20,137 |  | $ | 19,290 |  | $ | 14,166 |  | $ | 701 |  | $ | 733 |  | $ | 100 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 67,540 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Total | $ | 12,413 |  | $ | 20,137 |  | $ | 19,290 |  | $ | 14,166 |  | $ | 701 |  | $ | 733 |  | $ | 100 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 67,540 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |
Pass/Watch | $ | 48,191 |  | $ | 23,314 |  | $ | 45,741 |  | $ | 43,354 |  | $ | 31,354 |  | $ | 117,466 |  | $ | 7,086 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 316,506 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 158 |  | 2,958 |  | — |  | — |  | 3,116 |  |
Substandard | — |  | 1,765 |  | — |  | — |  | 946 |  | 584 |  | — |  | — |  | 3,295 |  |

24

Total | $ | 48,191 |  | $ | 25,079 |  | $ | 45,741 |  | $ | 43,354 |  | $ | 32,458 |  | $ | 121,008 |  | $ | 7,086 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 322,917 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |
Pass/Watch | $ | 95,131 |  | $ | 115,292 |  | $ | 188,516 |  | $ | 118,773 |  | $ | 74,762 |  | $ | 261,586 |  | $ | 33,453 |  | $ | 1,250 |  | $ | 888,763 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | 590 |  | 633 |  | — |  | 6,356 |  | — |  | — |  | 7,579 |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 15,846 |  | — |  | — |  | 15,846 |  |
Total | $ | 95,131 |  | $ | 115,292 |  | $ | 189,106 |  | $ | 119,406 |  | $ | 74,762 |  | $ | 283,788 |  | $ | 33,453 |  | $ | 1,250 |  | $ | 912,188 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Farmland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 7,691 |  | $ | 4,945 |  | $ | 21,383 |  | $ | 12,288 |  | $ | 29,379 |  | $ | 42,815 |  | $ | 5,731 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 124,232 |  |
Special mention | — |  | 4,025 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,166 |  | — |  | 5,191 |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | 3,312 |  | — |  | 2,029 |  | 4,962 |  | — |  | — |  | 10,303 |  |
Total | $ | 7,691 |  | $ | 8,970 |  | $ | 24,695 |  | $ | 12,288 |  | $ | 31,408 |  | $ | 47,777 |  | $ | 6,897 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 139,726 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Multi-family residential |
Pass/Watch | $ | 12,844 |  | $ | 2,950 |  | $ | 31,070 |  | $ | 45,835 |  | $ | 13,591 |  | $ | 25,555 |  | $ | 1,671 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 133,516 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Total | $ | 12,844 |  | $ | 2,950 |  | $ | 31,070 |  | $ | 45,835 |  | $ | 13,591 |  | $ | 25,555 |  | $ | 1,671 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 133,516 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
1-4 family - close-ended |
Pass/Watch | $ | 2,501 |  | $ | 5,405 |  | $ | 63,350 |  | $ | 13,581 |  | $ | 6,993 |  | $ | 24,830 |  | $ | 3,975 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 120,635 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | 78 |  | — |  | 2,257 |  | — |  | — |  | 551 |  | — |  | — |  | 2,886 |  |
Total | $ | 2,579 |  | $ | 5,405 |  | $ | 65,607 |  | $ | 13,581 |  | $ | 6,993 |  | $ | 25,381 |  | $ | 3,975 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 123,521 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
1-4 family - revolving |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 29,718 |  | $ | 5,808 |  | $ | 35,526 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 116 |  | 116 |  |
Total | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 29,718 |  | $ | 5,924 |  | $ | 35,642 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |
Manufactured Housing |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 47,839 |  | $ | 43,468 |  | $ | 46,608 |  | $ | 39,299 |  | $ | 37,551 |  | $ | 105,216 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 319,981 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | — |  | 318 |  | 464 |  | 481 |  | 1,015 |  | — |  | — |  | 2,278 |  |
Total | $ | 47,839 |  | $ | 43,468 |  | $ | 46,926 |  | $ | 39,763 |  | $ | 38,032 |  | $ | 106,231 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 322,259 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |

25

Consumer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 53,869 |  | $ | 22,700 |  | $ | 6,254 |  | $ | 4,987 |  | $ | 1,371 |  | $ | 5,740 |  | $ | 660 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 95,581 |  |
Special mention | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |
Substandard | — |  | 15 |  | 62 |  | 37 |  | 63 |  | 13 |  | — |  | — |  | 190 |  |
Total | $ | 53,869 |  | $ | 22,715 |  | $ | 6,316 |  | $ | 5,024 |  | $ | 1,434 |  | $ | 5,753 |  | $ | 660 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 95,771 |  |
Current period gross write-offs | $ | 58 |  | $ | 10 |  | $ | 50 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 132 |  |
Total loans outstanding (risk rating): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass/Watch | $ | 315,399 |  | $ | 251,559 |  | $ | 438,443 |  | $ | 306,931 |  | $ | 200,220 |  | $ | 593,698 |  | $ | 158,213 |  | $ | 8,080 |  | $ | 2,272,543 |  |
Special mention | — |  | 4,025 |  | 590 |  | 2,131 |  | 158 |  | 9,314 |  | 1,166 |  | — |  | 17,384 |  |
Substandard | 107 |  | 1,780 |  | 7,494 |  | 501 |  | 3,519 |  | 24,077 |  | 6,700 |  | 116 |  | 44,294 |  |
Grand Total | $ | 315,506 |  | $ | 257,364 |  | $ | 446,527 |  | $ | 309,563 |  | $ | 203,897 |  | $ | 627,089 |  | $ | 166,079 |  | $ | 8,196 |  | $ | 2,334,221 |  |
Current period total gross write-offs | $ | 178 |  | $ | 10 |  | $ | 562 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 58 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 809 |  |

The following table shows an aging analysis of the loan portfolio by class at March 31, 2025 (in thousands):

|  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Greater Than 89 Days Past Due |  | Total Past Due |  | Current |  | Total Loans |  | Loans Past Due > 89 Days, Still Accruing |  | Non-accrual
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 146,449 |  |  | $ | 146,736 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Agricultural production |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,045 |  |  | 28,045 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction & other land loans |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 71,075 |  |  | 71,075 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 951 |  |  | 204 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,155 |  |  | 324,683 |  |  | 325,838 |  |  | — |  |  | 115 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |  |  | 380 |  |  | 923,209 |  |  | 923,589 |  |  | — |  |  | 380 |
Farmland |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | 135,189 |  |  | 137,587 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |
Multi-family residential |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 143,524 |  |  | 143,524 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
1-4 family - close-ended |  | — |  |  | 783 |  |  | 1,733 |  |  | 2,516 |  |  | 119,235 |  |  | 121,751 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,319 |
1-4 family - revolving |  | 40 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 40 |  |  | 32,437 |  |  | 32,477 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufactured Housing |  | 735 |  | 201 |  |  | 447 |  |  | 1383 |  | 317,828 |  |  | 319,211 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,697 |
Other Installment |  | 317 |  | 27 |  | — |  |  | 344 |  | 94,836 |  |  | 95,180 |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |
Deferred fees |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,884 |  |  | 1,884 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 2,293 |  |  | $ | 1,252 |  |  | $ | 4,958 |  |  | $ | 8,503 |  |  | $ | 2,338,394 |  |  | $ | 2,346,897 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,936 |

26

The following table shows an aging analysis of the loan portfolio by class at December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

|  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Greater Than 89 Days Past Due |  | Total Past Due |  | Current |  | Total Loans |  | Loans Past Due > 89 Days, Still Accruing |  | Non- accrual
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 272 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 272 |  |  | $ | 143,150 |  |  | $ | 143,422 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Agricultural production |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 37,323 |  |  | 37,323 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate: |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction & other land loans |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 67,869 |  |  | 67,869 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 242 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 242 |  |  | 322,946 |  |  | 323,188 |  |  | — |  |  | 120 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 378 |  |  | 378 |  |  | 912,787 |  |  | 913,165 |  |  | — |  |  | 378 |
Farmland |  | 164 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |  |  | 2,562 |  |  | 137,253 |  |  | 139,815 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,398 |
Multi-family residential |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 133,595 |  |  | 133,595 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
1-4 family - close-ended |  | 2,071 |  |  | 1,909 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 4,058 |  |  | 119,387 |  |  | 123,445 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,335 |
1-4 family - revolving |  | 648 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 648 |  |  | 34,773 |  |  | 35,421 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufactured Housing |  | 535 |  |  |  |  | 460 |  |  | 995 |  |  | 321,268 |  |  | 322,263 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,215 |
Other Installment |  | 656 |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 683 |  |  | 92,156 |  |  | 92,839 |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |
Deferred fees |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,876 |  |  | 1,876 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 4,588 |  |  | $ | 1,936 |  |  | $ | 3,314 |  |  | $ | 9,838 |  |  | $ | 2,324,383 |  |  | $ | 2,334,221 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,461 |

There was $82,000 foregone interest on nonaccrual loans for the three month period ended March 31, 2025. There was no forgone interest for the three month period ended March 31, 2024.
Occasionally, the Company modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing reductions of the stated interest rate of the loan or an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk. There were no loan modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
27

Note 5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill is the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired and the liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. Core deposit intangibles represent the estimated future benefit of deposits related to an acquisition, and are recorded separately as an asset and amortized over an estimated useful life of 10 years. Goodwill and other intangible assets are evaluated for impairment annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate the carrying amount may be impaired.
The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s goodwill and core deposit intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands):

|  | For Three Months Ended March 31,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024
|  | Goodwill |  | Core Deposit Intangibles |  | Goodwill |  | Core Deposit Intangibles
Beginning Balance |  | $ | 96,828 |  |  | $ | 9,268 |  |  | $ | 53,777 |  |  | $ | — |
Additions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Amortizations |  | — |  |  | (251) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending Balance |  | $ | 96,828 |  |  | $ | 9,017 |  |  | $ | 53,777 |  |  | $ | — |

The following tables presents the estimated amortization expense for core deposit intangible assets remaining at March 31, 2025:

|  | Estimated Amortization
2025 |  | $ | 1,002 |
2026 |  | 1,002 |
2027 |  | 1,002 |
2028 |  | 1,002 |
2029 |  | 1,002 |
Thereafter |  | 4,007 |
Total |  | $ | 9,017 |

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Note 6. Deposits
The composition of the deposits at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is summarized in the table below (in thousands):

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
NOW accounts |  | $ | 422,834 |  |  | $ | 470,548 |
MMA accounts |  | 865,973 |  |  | 843,145 |
Savings deposits |  | 174,123 |  |  | 172,976 |
Time deposits |  | 453,460 |  |  | 443,284 |
Total interest-bearing |  | 1,916,390 |  |  | 1,929,953 |
Non-interest bearing |  | 1,012,288 |  |  | 980,824 |
Total deposits |  | $ | 2,928,678 |  |  | $ | 2,910,777 |

Aggregate annual maturities of time deposits are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31, |  |
2025 |  | $ | 276,878 |
2026 |  | 156,544 |
2027 |  | 15,140 |
2028 |  | 4,132 |
2029 |  | 534 |
Thereafter |  | 232 |
Total |  | $ | 453,460 |

Interest expense recognized on interest-bearing deposits consisted of the following (in thousands):

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Savings |  | $ | 147 |  |  | $ | 134 |  |  |  |  |
Money market |  | 5,100 |  |  | 2,843 |  |  |  |  |
NOW accounts |  | 712 |  |  | 121 |  |  |  |  |
Time certificates of deposit |  | 4,429 |  |  | 1,920 |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 10,388 |  |  | $ | 5,018 |  |  |  |  |

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 uninsured deposits totaled $1,069,860,000 and $1,029,929,000, respectively.
Note 7. Borrowing Arrangements
Lines of Credit - The Company has unsecured lines of credit available with its correspondent banks which, in the aggregate, amounted to $110,000,000 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, at interest rates which vary with market conditions. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had no advances outstanding with correspondent banks.
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances - As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $90,000,000 Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco long-term advances outstanding with a weighted average interest rate of 0.86% and a $45,000,000 short-term advance outstanding with an interest rate of 4.52%. Of the $90,000,000 in long-term advances outstanding as of March 31, 2025, $45,000,000 will mature in April 2025, with the remaining $45,000,000 to mature in June 2025. Approximately $1,104,959,000 in loans were pledged under a blanket lien as collateral to the FHLB for the Company’s remaining borrowing capacity of $589,261,000 as of March 31, 2025. FHLB advances are also secured by investment securities with amortized costs totaling $154,610,000 and $153,139,000 and fair values totaling $194,878,000 and $193,424,000 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The Company’s credit limit varies according to the amount and composition of the investment and loan portfolios pledged as collateral.
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Federal Reserve Line of Credit - The Company has a line of credit through the discount window in the amount of $3,632,000 and $3,669,000 with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (“FRB”) at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, which bears interest at the prevailing discount rate collateralized by investment securities with amortized costs totaling $4,270,000 and $4,406,000 and market values totaling $3,770,000 and $3,828,000, respectively.
The following table reflects the Company’s credit lines, balances outstanding, and pledged collateral at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Credit Lines (in thousands) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Unsecured Credit Lines |  |  |  |
Total credit limit |  | $ | 110,000 |  |  | $ | 110,000 |
Balance outstanding |  | — |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank |  |  |  |
Total credit limit |  | 751,261 |  |  | 738,556 |
Balance outstanding, net of discount |  | 134,377 |  |  | 133,442 |
Collateral pledged |  | 1,682,393 |  |  | 1,236,732 |
Fair value of collateral |  | 1,299,838 |  |  | 1,083,041 |
Federal Reserve Bank |  |  |  |
Credit limit |  | 3,632 |  |  | 3,669 |
Balance outstanding |  | — |  |  | — |
Collateral pledged |  | 4,270 |  |  | 4,406 |
Fair value of collateral |  | 3,770 |  |  | 3,828 |

Note 8. Senior Debt & Subordinated Debentures
The following table summarizes the Company’s long-term debt:

(in thousands) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Fixed - floating rate subordinated debentures, due 2031 |  | $ | 35,000 |  |  | $ | 35,000 |
Unamortized debt issuance costs |  | (230) |  |  | (266) |
Floating rate senior debt bank loan, due 2032 |  | 30,000 |  |  | 30,000 |
Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures, due October 2036 |  | 5,155 |  |  | 5,155 |
Total subordinated debentures |  | $ | 69,925 |  |  | $ | 69,889 |

Subordinated Debentures
On November 12, 2021, the Company completed a private placement of $35,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes (“Subordinated Debt”) due December 1, 2031. The Subordinated Debt initially bears a fixed interest rate of 3.13% per year. Commencing on December 1, 2026, the interest rate on the Subordinated Debt will reset each quarter at a floating interest rate equal to the then-current three month term SOFR plus 2.10%. The Company may at its option redeem in whole or in part the Subordinated Debt on or after November 12, 2026 without a premium. The Subordinated Debt is treated as Tier 2 Capital for regulatory purposes.
Interest expense recognized by the Company for the Subordinated Debentures for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $310,000.
Senior Debt
On September 15, 2022, the Company entered into a $30,000,000 loan agreement with Bell Bank. Initially, payments of interest only are payable in 12 quarterly payments commencing December 31, 2022. Commencing December 31, 2025, 27 equal quarterly principal and interest payments are payable based on the outstanding balance of the loan on August 30, 2025 and an amortization of 48 quarters. A final payment of outstanding principal and accrued interest is due at maturity on
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September 30, 2032. Variable interest is payable at the Prime Rate (published by the Wall Street Journal) less 50 basis points. The loan is secured by the assets of the Company and a pledge of the outstanding common stock of Community West Bank, the Company’s banking subsidiary. The Company may prepay the loan without penalty with one exception. If the loan is prepaid prior to August 30, 2025 with funds received from a financing source other than Bell Bank, the Company will incur a 2% prepayment penalty. The loan contains customary representations, covenants, and events of default.
Interest expense recognized by the Company for the Senior Debt for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $506,000 and $511,000, respectively.
Junior Subordinated Debentures
Service 1st Capital Trust I is a Delaware business trust formed by Service 1st. The Company succeeded to all of the rights and obligations of Service 1st in connection with the merger with Service 1st as of November 12, 2008. The Trust was formed on August 17, 2006 for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Service 1st. Under applicable regulatory guidance, the amount of trust preferred securities that is eligible as Tier 1 capital is limited to 25% of the Company’s Tier 1 capital on a pro forma basis. At March 31, 2025, all of the trust preferred securities that have been issued qualify as Tier 1 capital. The trust preferred securities mature on October 7, 2036, are redeemable at the Company’s option, and require quarterly distributions by the Trust to the holder of the trust preferred securities at a variable interest rate which will adjust quarterly to equal the three month SOFR plus 1.60%.
The Trust used the proceeds from the sale of the trust preferred securities to purchase approximately $5,155,000 in aggregate principal amount of Service 1 st’s junior subordinated notes (the Notes). The Notes bear interest at the same variable interest rate during the same quarterly periods as the trust preferred securities. The Notes are redeemable by the Company on any January 7, April 7, July 7, or October 7 or at any time within 90 days following the occurrence of certain events, such as: (i) a change in the regulatory capital treatment of the Notes (ii) in the event the Trust is deemed an investment company or (iii) upon the occurrence of certain adverse tax events. In each such case, the Company may redeem the Notes for their aggregate principal amount, plus any accrued but unpaid interest.
The Notes may be declared immediately due and payable at the election of the trustee or holders of 25% of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes in the event that the Company defaults in the payment of any interest following the nonpayment of any such interest for 20 or more consecutive quarterly periods.
Holders of the trust preferred securities are entitled to a cumulative cash distribution on the liquidation amount of $1,000 per security. For each January 7, April 7, July 7 or October 7 of each year, the rate will be adjusted to equal the three month SOFR plus 1.60%. As of March 31, 2025, the rate was 6.16%.
Interest expense recognized by the Company for the Junior Subordinated Debentures for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $79,000 and $94,000, respectively.
Note 9. Commitments and Contingencies
Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk - In the normal course of business, the Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheets. The contract or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for loans.
Commitments to extend credit amounting to $423,265,000 and $413,973,000 were outstanding at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract unless waived by the Bank. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.
Included in commitments to extend credit are undisbursed lines of credit totaling $419,608,000 and $399,331,000 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Undisbursed lines of credit include credits whereby customers can repay principal and request principal advances during the term of the loan at their discretion and most expire between one and 12 months.
Included in undisbursed lines of credit are commitments for the undisbursed portions of construction loans totaling $67,797,000 and $74,327,000 as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. These commitments are agreements to lend to
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customers, subject to meeting certain construction progress requirements established in the contracts. The underlying construction loans have fixed expiration dates.
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees amounting to $3,657,000 and $14,642,000 were outstanding at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support private financial arrangements. Standby letters of credit and guarantees carry a one year term or less, many have auto-renewal features. The fair value of the liability related to these standby letters of credit, which represents the fees received for their issuance, was not significant at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024. The Company recognizes these fees as revenue over the term of the commitment or when the commitment is used.
The Company generally requires collateral or other security to support financial instruments with credit risk. Management does not anticipate any material loss will result from the outstanding commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and financial guarantees. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the allowance for credit losses of unfunded commitments was $1,028,000 and $1,055,000, respectively. The allowance for credit losses of unfunded commitments is calculated by management using an appropriate, systematic, and consistently applied process. While related to credit losses, this allocation is not a part of the allowance for credit losses on loans and is considered separately as a liability for accounting and regulatory reporting purposes, and is included in Other Liabilities on the Company’s balance sheet.
The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the amount of ultimate liability with respect to such actions will not materially affect the consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations of the Company.
Note 10. Other Income and Expense
The following table shows significant components of other non-interest income for the periods indicated:

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Interchange Fees |  | $ | 516 |  |  | $ | 405 |  |  |  |  |
Appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance |  | 366 |  |  | 275 |  |  |  |  |
Federal Home Loan Bank dividends |  | 241 |  |  | 157 |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage loan placement fees |  | 171 |  |  | 166 |  |  |  |  |
Other |  | 815 |  |  | 622 |  |  |  |  |
Total other non-interest income |  | $ | 2,109 |  |  | $ | 1,625 |  |  |  |  |

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The following table shows significant components of other non-interest expense for the periods indicated:

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |
Information technology |  | $ | 1,902 |  |  | $ | 1,021 |  |  |  |  |
Professional services |  | 864 |  |  | 625 |  |  |  |  |
Data processing expense |  | 800 |  |  | 685 |  |  |  |  |
Regulatory assessments |  | 491 |  |  | 322 |  |  |  |  |
ATM/Debit card expenses |  | 393 |  |  | 214 |  |  |  |  |
Merger and acquisition expense |  | 276 |  |  | 383 |  |  |  |  |
Advertising |  | 261 |  |  | 151 |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of core deposit intangibles |  | 251 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Directors’ expenses |  | 216 |  |  | 169 |  |  |  |  |
Loan related expenses |  | 212 |  |  | 92 |  |  |  |  |
Personnel other |  | 101 |  |  | 131 |  |  |  |  |
Other expense |  | 1,917 |  |  | 1,359 |  |  |  |  |
Total other non-interest expense |  | $ | 7,684 |  |  | $ | 5,152 |  |  |  |  |

Note 11. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (“EPS”), which excludes dilution, is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock, such as stock options or restricted stock awards, result in the issuance of common stock which shares in the earnings of the Company.
A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations is as follows:

Basic Earnings Per Share |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding |  | 18,933,830 |  |  | 11,750,528 |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings per share |  | $ | 0.44 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  |  |  |

Diluted Earnings Per Share |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(In thousands, except share and per share amounts) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding |  | 18,933,830 |  |  | 11,750,528 |  |  |  |  |
Effect of dilutive stock options and restricted stock |  | 80,943 |  |  | 39,703 |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares of common stock and common stock equivalents |  | 19,014,773 |  |  | 11,790,231 |  |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings per share |  | $ | 0.44 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  |  |  |

Options to purchase 215,831 shares of common stock were outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and there were no options outstanding as of March 31, 2024. There were 96,036 and 82,437 restricted stock awards unvested and outstanding at March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no anti-dilutive weighted average shares outstanding.
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Holders of unvested restricted stock accrue dividends at the same rate as common shareholders and they both share equally in undistributed earnings. Unvested restricted stock awards that are time-based contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents and are considered to be participating securities in the earnings per share computation using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, earnings are allocated to common shareholders and participating securities according to their respective rights to earnings. Holders of restricted stock awards receive non-forfeitable dividends at the same rate as common stockholders and they both share equally in undistributed earnings. Under the two-class method, the difference in EPS is not significant for these participating securities.
Note 12. Share-Based Compensation
In May 2015, the Company adopted the Central Valley Community Bancorp 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”). The plan provides for awards in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock. The plan also allows for performance awards that may be in the form of cash or shares of the Company’s common stock. With respect to stock options and restricted stock the exercise price in the case of stock options and the grant value in the case of restricted stock may not be less than the fair market value at the date of the award. The options and awards under the plan expire on dates determined by the Board of Directors, but not later than ten years from the date of grant. The vesting period for stock options and restricted stock rights is determined by the Board of Directors and ranges one to five years. Common stock awards for performance vest immediately. The maximum number of shares that can be issued with respect to all awards under the plan is 875,000. Currently under the 2015 Plan, 199,281 shares remain reserved for future grants as of March 31, 2025.
Share-based compensation cost recognized for those plans was $291,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $181,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Stock Option Awards
The Company bases the fair value of the stock options granted on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes Merton option pricing model that uses assumptions based on expected option life and the level of estimated forfeitures, expected stock volatility, risk free interest rate, and dividend yield. The expected term and level of estimated forfeitures of the Company’s stock options are based on the Company’s own historical experience. Stock volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U. S. Treasury yield curve for the periods within the contractual life of the stock options in effect at the time of grant. The compensation cost for stock options granted is based on the weighted average grant date fair value per share.
A summary of the activity of the Company’s stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2025 follows:

|  | Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  |  |  |
Options outstanding at December 31, 2024 |  | 298,663 |  |  | $ | 13.22 |  |  |  |  |
Options exercised |  | (82,042) |  |  | 11.67 |  |  |  |  |
Options expired |  | (790) |  |  | 8.78 |  |  |  |  |
Options outstanding at March 31, 2025 |  | 215,831 |  |  | $ | 13.82 |  |  |  |  |

As of March 31, 2025, there is no unrecognized compensation cost related to stock options granted under the Plan. All options are fully vested and exercisable.
Restricted Stock and Common Stock Awards
The 2015 Plan provides for the issuance of restricted common stock to directors and officers and common stock awards based on the achievement of performance goals as determined by the Board of Directors or in accordance with executive employment agreements. Restricted common stock grants typically vest over a one to five-year period. Restricted common stock is subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to vesting. The cost of these awards is recognized over the vesting period of the awards based on the fair value of our common stock on the date of the grant.
The shares awarded to employees and directors under the restricted stock agreements vest on applicable vesting dates only to the extent the recipient of the shares is then an employee or a director of the Company or one of its subsidiaries, and each recipient will forfeit all of the shares that have not vested on the date his or her employment or service is terminated.
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The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 as follows:

|  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested outstanding shares at December 31, 2024 |  | 97,496 |  |  | $ | 16.89 |
Granted |  | 10,202 |  |  | 18.87 |
Vested |  | (10,967) |  |  | 17.71 |
Forfeited |  | (695) |  |  | 15.60 |
Nonvested outstanding shares at March 31, 2025 |  | 96,036 |  |  | $ | 17.01 |

As of March 31, 2025, there were 96,036 shares of restricted stock that are nonvested and expected to vest. As of March 31, 2025, there was $991,203 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted common stock awards. Restricted stock compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 2.65 years and will be adjusted for subsequent changes in estimated forfeitures.
Note 13. Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Hierarchy
Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:
Level 1 — Quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments traded in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
Level 2 —Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3 — Significant unobservable inputs that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
The estimated carrying and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not carried at fair value are as follows (in thousands):

|  | March 31, 2025
|  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
(In thousands) |  |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 35,710 |  |  | $ | 35,710 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 35,710 |
Interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | 112,682 |  |  | 112,682 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 112,682 |
Held-to-maturity investment securities |  | 301,160 |  |  | — |  |  | 274,114 |  |  | — |  |  | 274,114 |
Loans, net |  | 2,320,802 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,278,998 |  |  | 2,278,998 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits |  | 453,460 |  |  | — |  |  | 450,936 |  |  | — |  |  | 450,936 |
Borrowings |  | 134,377 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,545 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,545 |
Senior debt and subordinated debentures |  | 69,925 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 63,566 |  |  | 63,566 |

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|  | December 31, 2024
|  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
(In thousands) |  |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
Financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | $ | 28,029 |  |  | $ | 28,029 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,029 |
Interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | 92,369 |  |  | 92,369 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92,369 |
Held-to-maturity investment securities |  | 301,359 |  |  | — |  |  | 274,568 |  |  | — |  |  | 274,568 |
Loans, net |  | 2,308,418 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,252,462 |  |  | 2,252,462 |
Financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time deposits |  | 443,284 |  |  | — |  |  | 440,046 |  |  | — |  |  | 440,046 |
Borrowings |  | 133,442 |  |  | — |  |  | 133,743 |  |  | — |  |  | 133,743 |
Senior debt and subordinated debentures |  | 69,889 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62,535 |  |  | 62,535 |

The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair values are described as follows:
(a) Cash and Cash Equivalents — The carrying amounts of cash and due from banks, interest-earning deposits in other banks, and Federal funds sold approximate fair values and are classified as Level 1.
(b) Investment securities — The fair values for investment securities are determined by quoted market prices, if available (Level 1). For securities where quoted prices are not available, fair values are calculated based on market prices of similar securities (Level 2), using matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique commonly used to price debt securities that are not actively traded, values debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators (Level 3).
(c) Loans — Fair values of loans are estimated as follows: fixed and variable loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, taking into consideration various factors including loan type, credit loss and prepayment expectations. The loan cash flows are discounted to present value using a combination of existing market rates and liquidity spreads as well as underlying index rates and margins on variable rate loans resulting in a Level 3 classification.
(d) Time Deposits — Fair value for fixed and variable rate certificates of deposit are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates offered at each reporting date by the Company for certificates with similar remaining maturities resulting in a Level 2 classification.
(e) Borrowings — The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, borrowings under repurchase agreements, and other short-term borrowings, generally maturing within ninety days, approximate their fair values resulting in a Level 2 classification.
(f) Subordinated Debentures and Senior Debt — The fair values of the Company’s Subordinated Debentures are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements resulting in a Level 3 classification.
Assets Recorded at Fair Value
The Company is required or permitted to record the following assets at fair value on a recurring basis. The following tables present information about the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands):
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|  | Fair Value Measurements Using
March 31, 2025 |  | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Available-for-sale debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 9,224 |  |  | $ | 9,224 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. Government agencies |  | 66 |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  | — |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 162,235 |  |  | — |  |  | 162,235 |  |  | — |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 70,594 |  |  | — |  |  | 70,594 |  |  | — |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 226,427 |  |  | — |  |  | 226,427 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities |  | 487 |  |  | — |  |  | 487 |  |  | — |
Equity securities |  | 6,684 |  |  | 6,684 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis |  | $ | 475,717 |  |  | $ | 15,908 |  |  | $ | 459,809 |  |  | $ | — |

|  | Fair Value Measurements Using
December 31, 2024 |  | Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Available-for-sale debt securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities |  | $ | 9,058 |  |  | $ | 9,058 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
U.S. Government agencies |  | 65 |  |  | — |  |  | 65 |  |  | — |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions |  | 164,640 |  |  | — |  |  | 164,640 |  |  | — |
U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations |  | 72,302 |  |  | — |  |  | 72,302 |  |  | — |
Private label mortgage and asset backed securities |  | 230,555 |  |  | — |  |  | 230,555 |  |  | — |
Corporate debt securities |  | 493 |  |  |  |  | 493 |  |  |
Equity securities |  | 6,586 |  |  | 6,586 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis |  | $ | 483,699 |  |  | $ | 15,644 |  |  | $ | 468,055 |  |  | $ | — |

There were no liabilities measured on a recurring basis at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
There were no changes in valuation techniques used during the periods ended March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024. There were no assets or liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
Note 14. Subsequent Events
Dividend Declared
On April 16, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a $0.12 per share cash dividend payable on May 16, 2025 to shareholders of record as of May 2, 2025.
ITEM 2: MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
General
We are a central California-based bank holding company for a bank subsidiary, Community West Bank (the “Bank”). We offer 26 full-service banking centers covering greater Sacramento in the north, throughout the San Joaquin Valley and west to the Central Coast. We provide traditional commercial banking services to small and medium-sized businesses and individuals in the communities that we serve.
Dividend Declared
On April 16, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a $0.12 per share cash dividend payable on May 16, 2025 to shareholders of record as of May 2, 2025.
37

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We believe that the Company’s most critical accounting policies are those which the Company’s financial condition depends upon, and which involve the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments.
Business Combinations
We account for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805. We recognize the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition, with any excess of the fair value of consideration provided over the fair value of the identifiable net tangible and intangible assets acquired recorded as goodwill. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Application of the acquisition method requires extensive use of accounting estimates and judgments to determine the fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date.
In accordance with ASC 805, the acquiring company retains the right to make appropriate adjustments to the assets and liabilities of the acquired entity for information obtained during the measurement period about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. The measurement period ends as of the earlier of (i) one year from the acquisition date or (ii) the date when the acquirer receives the information necessary to complete the business combination accounting.
Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business combination and that are determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances exist that indicate the necessity for such impairment tests to be performed. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values. Core deposit intangible assets arising from business combinations are amortized on an accelerated basis reflecting the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are consumed or otherwise used up. The estimated life of the core deposit intangible is approximately 10 years.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”) approach requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of a financial asset carried at amortized cost. It removes the incurred loss approach’s threshold that delayed the recognition of a credit loss until it was “probable” a loss event was “incurred.”
The estimate of expected credit losses under the CECL approach is based on relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amounts. Historical loss experience is generally the starting point for estimating expected credit losses. We then consider whether the historical loss experience should be adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics or current conditions at the reporting date that did not exist over the period from which historical experience was used. Finally, we consider forecasts about future economic conditions that are reasonable and supportable.
Management’s evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses is often the most critical of accounting estimates for a financial institution. Our determination of the amount of the allowance for credit losses is a critical accounting estimate as it requires significant reliance on the use of estimates and significant judgment as to the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on criticized loans, significant reliance on historical loss rates, consideration of our quantitative and qualitative evaluation of economic factors, and the reliance on our reasonable and supportable forecasts.
The allowance for credit losses attributable to each portfolio segment also includes an amount for inherent risks not reflected in the historical analyses. Relevant factors include, but are not limited to, concentrations of credit risk (geographic, large borrower, and industry), economic trends and conditions, changes in underwriting standards, experience and depth of lending staff, trends in delinquencies, and the level of criticized loans.
The impact of utilizing the CECL approach to calculate the reserve for credit losses will be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics and quality of our loan portfolios, as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts utilized. Material changes to these and other relevant factors may result in greater volatility to the reserve for credit losses, and therefore, greater volatility to our reported earnings. See Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the “Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans” section below.
Please refer to the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a complete listing of critical accounting policies.
38

Financial Highlights
The significant highlights for the Company as of or for the period ended March 31, 2025 included the following:
•The Company reported net income during the first quarter of $8.3 million, or earnings per diluted common share of $0.44, compared to $6.9 million and $0.36, respectively, in the fourth quarter of 2025.
•The amortized cost of available-for-sale investment securities decreased $10.8 million or 2.02% at March 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024.
•Total gross loans of $2.35 billion at March 31, 2025 increased by $12.7 million compared to $2.33 billion at December 31, 2024.
•Total assets increased by $31.3 million or 0.89% at March 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024.
•Total deposits of $2.9 billion at March 31, 2025 increased by 0.61% or $17.9 million compared to December 31, 2024.
•Total cost of deposits increased to 1.45% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to 1.49% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024.
•Average non-interest bearing demand deposit accounts as a percentage of total average deposits was 34.30% and 36.02% for the quarters ended March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
•Net interest margin increased to 4.04% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, from 3.95% for the quarter ended December 31, 2024.
•There were $6.9 million non-performing assets for the quarter ended March 31, 2025. Net loan recoveries were $124,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 and loans delinquent 30 days or more were $8.5 million as of March 31, 2025.
•Capital positions remain strong at March 31, 2025 with a 9.36% Tier 1 Leverage Ratio; a 11.39% Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio; a 11.57% Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio; and a 13.82% Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio.
•The Company declared a $0.12 per common share cash dividend, payable on May 16, 2025 to shareholders of record as of May 2, 2025.
Overview
The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition, operating results, asset and liability management, liquidity and capital resources and should be read in conjunction with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company and the Notes thereto located at Item 1 of this report.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

|  | Three months ended |  |
|  | March 31, |  | December 31, |  | March 31, |  |
(In thousands, except share and per-share amounts) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Net interest income before provision for credit losses |  | $ | 32,182 |  |  | $ | 32,024 |  |  | $ | 19,073 |  |  |  |  |
(Credit) provision for credit losses |  | (41) |  |  | 1,224 |  |  | 575 |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income after (credit) provision for credit losses |  | 32,223 |  |  | 30,800 |  |  | 18,498 |  |  |  |  |
Total non-interest income |  | 2,611 |  |  | 2,303 |  |  | 1,636 |  |  |  |  |
Total non-interest expenses |  | 23,470 |  |  | 23,188 |  |  | 15,333 |  |  |  |  |
Income before provision for income taxes |  | 11,364 |  |  | 9,915 |  |  | 4,801 |  |  |  |  |
Provision for income taxes |  | 3,071 |  |  | 3,020 |  |  | 1,125 |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 6,895 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |  |  |  |  |

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company reported net income of $8,293,000. Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were $0.44 and $0.44, respectively. Basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $0.31 and $0.31, respectively.
39

Statement Regarding use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Community West Bancshares’s financial results are presented in accordance with GAAP and refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures. Management believes that presentation of operating results using non-GAAP financial measures provides useful supplemental information to investors and facilitates the analysis of the Company’s core operating results and comparison of operating results across reporting periods. Management also uses non-GAAP financial measures to establish budgets and manage the Company’s business. A reconciliation of the GAAP financial measures to comparable non-GAAP financial measures is presented below.
Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP Financial Measures

|  | For the Three Months Ended |  |  |  |
|  | March 31, |  | December 31, |  | March 31, |  |  |  |  |  |
(In thousands, except share and per-share amounts) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NET INCOME: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (GAAP) |  | $ | 8,293 |  |  | $ | 6,895 |  |  | $ | 3,676 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Merger and conversion related costs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Personnel and severance |  | 198 |  |  | 107 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Professional services |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 301 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Data processing |  | 87 |  |  | 293 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other |  | — |  |  | 68 |  |  | 82 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total merger and conversion related costs, net of taxes |  | 285 |  |  | 468 |  |  | 383 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss on sale of investment securities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 373 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income tax benefit of non-core expenses |  | (84) |  |  | (138) |  |  | (223) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comparable net income (non-GAAP) |  | $ | 8,494 |  |  | $ | 7,225 |  |  | $ | 4,209 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average diluted shares |  | 19,014,773 |  |  | 18,981,835 |  |  | 11,790,231 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Diluted earnings per share (GAAP) |  | $ | 0.44 |  |  | $ | 0.36 |  |  | $ | 0.31 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comparable diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP) |  | $ | 0.45 |  |  | $ | 0.38 |  |  | $ | 0.36 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
RETURN ON AVERAGE ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average assets |  | $ | 3,528,337 |  |  | $ | 3,524,115 |  |  | $ | 2,420,810 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average assets (GAAP) |  | 0.94 | % |  | 0.78 | % |  | 0.61 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comparable return on average assets (non-GAAP) |  | 0.96 | % |  | 0.82 | % |  | 0.70 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
RETURN ON AVERAGE EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average stockholders' equity |  | $ | 369,903 |  |  | $ | 365,208 |  |  | $ | 207,667 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average equity (GAAP) |  | 8.97 | % |  | 7.55 | % |  | 7.08 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comparable return on average equity (non-GAAP) |  | 9.19 | % |  | 7.91 | % |  | 8.11 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
EFFICIENCY RATIO |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest expense (GAAP) |  | $ | 23,470 |  |  | $ | 23,188 |  |  | $ | 15,333 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Merger-related non-interest expenses |  | (285) |  |  | (468) |  |  | (383) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest expense (non-GAAP) |  | $ | 23,185 |  |  | $ | 22,720 |  |  | $ | 14,950 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income |  | $ | 32,182 |  |  | $ | 32,024 |  |  | $ | 19,073 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest income |  | $ | 2,611 |  |  | $ | 2,303 |  |  | $ | 1,636 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loss on sale of investment securities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 373 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest income (non-GAAP) |  | $ | 2,611 |  |  | $ | 2,303 |  |  | $ | 2,009 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Efficiency ratio (GAAP) |  | 67.46 | % |  | 67.55 | % |  | 74.04 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Comparable efficiency ratio (non-GAAP) |  | 66.64 | % |  | 66.19 | % |  | 70.91 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

40

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin
The level of net interest income depends on several factors in combination, including yields on earning assets, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, the relative volumes of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the mix of products which comprise the Company’s earning assets, deposits, and other interest-bearing liabilities. To maintain its net interest margin, the Company must manage the relationship between interest earned and paid.
The following Distribution, Rate and Yield table presents the average amounts outstanding for the major categories of the Company’s balance sheet, the average interest rates earned or paid thereon, and the resulting net interest margin on average interest earning assets for the periods indicated. Average balances are based on daily averages.
SCHEDULE OF AVERAGE BALANCES AND AVERAGE YIELDS AND RATES

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Average Balance |  | Interest Income/ Expense |  | Average Interest Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest Income/ Expense |  | Average Interest Rate
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | $ | 93,217 |  |  | $ | 1,056 |  |  | 4.53 | % |  | $ | 34,200 |  |  | $ | 432 |  |  | 5.05 | %
Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable securities |  | 602,427 |  |  | 4,350 |  |  | 2.89 | % |  | 714,160 |  |  | 5,500 |  |  | 3.08 | %
Non-taxable securities (1) |  | 240,007 |  |  | 1,655 |  |  | 2.76 | % |  | 254,108 |  |  | 1,768 |  |  | 2.78 | %
Total investment securities |  | 842,434 |  |  | 6,005 |  |  | 2.85 | % |  | 968,268 |  |  | 7,268 |  |  | 3.00 | %
Total securities and interest-earning deposits |  | 935,651 |  |  | 7,061 |  |  | 3.02 | % |  | 1,002,468 |  |  | 7,700 |  |  | 3.07 | %
Loans (2) (3) |  | 2,327,832 |  |  | 38,425 |  |  | 6.69 | % |  | 1,283,068 |  |  | 18,299 |  |  | 5.74 | %
Total interest-earning assets |  | 3,263,483 |  |  | $ | 45,486 |  |  | 5.65 | % |  | 2,285,536 |  |  | $ | 25,999 |  |  | 4.58 | %
Allowance for credit losses |  | (25,858) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (14,348) |  |  |  |  |
Non-accrual loans |  | 6,165 |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks |  | 35,918 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26,772 |  |  |  |  |
Bank premises and equipment |  | 24,326 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 14,177 |  |  |  |  |
Other assets |  | 224,303 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 108,673 |  |  |  |  |
Total average assets |  | $ | 3,528,337 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,420,810 |  |  |  |  |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Savings and NOW accounts |  | $ | 586,698 |  |  | $ | 859 |  |  | 0.59 | % |  | $ | 421,412 |  |  | $ | 255 |  |  | 0.24 | %
Money market accounts |  | 872,896 |  |  | 5,100 |  |  | 2.37 | % |  | 514,909 |  |  | 2,843 |  |  | 2.22 | %
Time certificates of deposit |  | 449,962 |  |  | 4,429 |  |  | 3.99 | % |  | 187,775 |  |  | 1,920 |  |  | 4.11 | %
Total interest-bearing deposits |  | 1,909,556 |  |  | 10,388 |  |  | 2.21 | % |  | 1,124,096 |  |  | 5,018 |  |  | 1.80 | %
Other borrowed funds |  | 206,162 |  |  | 2,568 |  |  | 4.98 | % |  | 122,419 |  |  | 1,536 |  |  | 5.02 | %
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | 2,115,718 |  |  | $ | 12,956 |  |  | 2.48 | % |  | 1,246,515 |  |  | $ | 6,554 |  |  | 2.11 | %
Non-interest bearing demand deposits |  | 996,921 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 931,045 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities |  | 45,795 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 35,583 |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity |  | 369,903 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 207,667 |  |  |  |  |
Total average liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 3,528,337 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,420,810 |  |  |  |  |
Interest income and rate earned on average earning assets |  |  |  | $ | 45,486 |  |  | 5.65 | % |  |  |  | $ | 25,999 |  |  | 4.58 | %
Interest expense and interest cost related to average interest-bearing liabilities |  |  |  | 12,956 |  |  | 2.48 | % |  |  |  | 6,554 |  |  | 2.11 | %
Net interest income and net interest margin (4) |  |  |  | $ | 32,530 |  |  | 4.04 | % |  |  |  | $ | 19,445 |  |  | 3.42 | %

(1) Calculated on a fully tax equivalent basis, which includes Federal tax benefits relating to income earned on municipal bonds totaling $348 and $371 at March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.
41

(2) Loan interest income includes loan (costs) fees of $99 and $139 at March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024, respectively.
(3) Average loans do not include non-accrual loans but do include interest income recovered from previously charged off loans.
(4) Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets.
The Volume and Rate Variances table below sets forth the dollar difference in interest earned and paid for each major category of interest-bearing assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the noted periods, and the amount of such change attributable to changes in average balances (volume) or changes in average interest rates. Volume variances are equal to the increase or decrease in the average balance times the prior period rate, and rate variances are equal to the increase or decrease in the average rate times the prior period average balance. Variances attributable to both rate and volume changes are equal to the change in rate times the change in average balance and are included below in the average volume column.

Changes in Volume/Rate |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 |  |  |  |
(In thousands) |  | Volume |  | Rate |  | Net |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase (decrease) due to changes in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning deposits in other banks |  | $ | 745 |  |  | $ | (123) |  |  | $ | 622 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Taxable |  | (861) |  |  | (287) |  |  | (1,148) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-taxable (1) |  | (99) |  |  | (14) |  |  | (113) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total investment securities |  | (960) |  |  | (301) |  |  | (1,261) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans |  | 14,901 |  |  | 5,225 |  |  | 20,126 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total earning assets (1) |  | 14,686 |  |  | 4,801 |  |  | 19,487 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Savings and NOW |  | 98 |  |  | 506 |  |  | 604 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MMA |  | 1,977 |  |  | 280 |  |  | 2,257 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time certificate of deposits |  | 2,680 |  |  | (171) |  |  | 2,509 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total interest-bearing deposits |  | 4,755 |  |  | 615 |  |  | 5,370 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other borrowed funds |  | 1,039 |  |  | (7) |  |  | 1,032 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | 5,794 |  |  | 608 |  |  | 6,402 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income (1) |  | $ | 8,892 |  |  | $ | 4,193 |  |  | $ | 13,085 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

(1) Computed on a tax equivalent basis for securities exempt from federal income taxes.
Comparison of the quarter ended March 31, 2025 and March 31, 2024
As discussed in Note 2, the Company completed its merger of Community West Bancshares as of April 1, 2024. As a result of the merger, the Company acquired loans with a fair value of $920,097,000 and assumed deposit liabilities totaling $844,035,000. As such, the volume of interest income and expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 significantly increased as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 as described below.
The Company’s net interest margin (fully tax equivalent basis), expressed as a percentage of average earning assets, increased 62 basis points to 4.04% for the first quarter of 2025, from 3.42% for the first quarter of 2024. Average interest earning assets were $3,263,483,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $2,285,536,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The $977,947,000 increase in average earning assets was attributed to the $1,044,764,000 or 81.43% increase in average loans and $59,017,000 increase in interest-earning deposits, partially offset by the $125,834,000 decrease in investment securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the effective yield on investment securities including Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits in other banks decreased five basis points. The effective yield on loans increased 95 basis points. Average interest bearing liabilities increased 69.73% to $2,115,718,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $1,246,515,000 for the same period in 2024.
Interest and fee income from loans increased $20,126,000 or 109.98% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the same period in 2024. The yield on average loans, excluding nonaccrual loans, was 6.69% for the three months ended
42

March 31, 2025 compared to 5.74% for the same period in 2024. The accretion from fair value marks on loans contributed 58 basis points to the loan yield for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to one basis point for the same period in 2024.
Interest income from interest-earning deposits in other banks increased $624,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2025 to $1,056,000 compared to $432,000 for the same period in 2024. The yield on average interest-earning deposits decreased fifty-two basis points to 4.53% for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 compared to 5.05% for the same period in 2024. Average interest-earning deposits for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 increased $59,017,000 or 172.56% to $93,217,000 compared to $34,200,000 for the same period in 2024.
Interest income from total investment securities decreased $1,263,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2025 to $6,005,000 compared to $7,268,000 for the same period in 2024. The yield on average total investment securities decreased fifteen basis points to 2.85% for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 compared to 3.00% for the same period in 2024. Average total investment securities for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 decreased $125,834,000 or 13.00% to $842,434,000 compared to $968,268,000 for the same period in 2024.
Total interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased $19,511,000 or 76.13% to $45,138,000 compared to $25,627,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The yield on interest earning assets increased 107 basis points to 5.65% on a fully tax equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31, 2025 from 4.58% for the period ended March 31, 2024. The increase was the result of increased volume from the prior year merger, yield changes due to the increase in interest rates, and asset mix changes.
Interest expense on deposits for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was $10,388,000 and $5,018,000, respectively. The average interest rate on interest bearing deposits increased to 2.21% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 1.80% for the same period ended March 31, 2024. Average interest-bearing deposits increased 69.87% or $785,460,000 to $1,909,556,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1,124,096,000 for the same period ended March 31, 2024.
Average other borrowed funds were $206,162,000 with an effective rate of 4.98% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $122,419,000 with an effective rate of 5.02% for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Total interest expense on other borrowed funds was $2,568,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $1,536,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 37 basis points to 2.48% for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 compared to 2.11% for the same period in 2024. The cost of total deposits increased to 1.45% compared to 0.98% for the three month periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in the total cost of deposits was primarily due to the increases in the rates paid on deposit accounts, which included a large portion of brokered deposits. Average non-interest bearing demand deposits increased 7.08% to $996,921,000 for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 compared to $931,045,000 for the same period in 2024. The ratio of average non-interest bearing demand deposits to average total deposits decreased to 34.30% in the three month period ended March 31, 2025 compared to 45.30% for the same period in 2024.
Net interest income before the provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased by $13,109,000 or 68.73% to $32,182,000 compared to $19,073,000 for the same period in 2024. The increase was a result of the acquisition of Community West Bancshares as of April 1, 2024, which increased interest income on average earnings assets, partially offset by an increase in interest expense on average interest bearing liabilities.
Provision for Credit Losses on Loans
The following table sets forth information regarding our provisions for credit losses on loans, charge-offs and recoveries and ending allowance for credit losses for loans at the dates and for the periods indicated:
43

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 25,803 |  |  | $ | 14,653 |  |  |  |  |
(Credit) provision for credit losses |  | 168 |  |  | 530 |  |  |  |  |
Losses charged to allowance |  | (29) |  |  | (575) |  |  |  |  |
Recoveries |  | 153 |  |  | 50 |  |  |  |  |
Balance, end of period |  | $ | 26,095 |  |  | $ | 14,658 |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for credit losses to total loans at end of period |  | 1.11 | % |  | 1.14 | % |  |  |  |

Managing high-risk credits includes developing a business strategy with the customer to mitigate our potential losses. Management continues to monitor these credits with a view to identifying as early as possible when, and to what extent, additional provisions may be necessary. Management believes that the level of allowance for credit losses has been adjusted accordingly.
During the three month period ended March 31, 2025, the Company recorded a $168,000 provision for credit losses on loans, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded a $530,000 provision for credit losses on loans.
The Company had net recoveries of $124,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The Company had net charge-offs totaling $525,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The Company has been and will continue to be proactive in looking for signs of deterioration within the loan portfolio in an effort to manage credit quality and work with borrowers where possible to mitigate losses. As of March 31, 2025, there were $47,605,000 in classified loans of which $9,257,000 related to commercial and industrial loans, zero to agricultural production, $100,000 to construction and other land loans, $3,469,000 to owner occupied real estate, $17,708,000 to non-owner occupied real estate, $10,115,000 to farmland, $2,867,000 to 1-4 family closed-end, $40,000 to 1-4 family revolving, $3,837,000 to manufactured housing, and $212,000 to consumer. This compares to $44,294,000 in classified loans of which $9,380,000 related to commercial and industrial loans, zero to agricultural production, $3,295,000 to owner occupied real estate, $15,846,000 to non-owner occupied real estate, $10,303,000 to farmland, $2,886,000 to 1-4 closed-end, $116,000 to 1-4 family revolving, $2,278,000 to manufactured housing, and $190,000 to consumer as of December 31, 2024.
Non-Interest Income
Non-interest income is comprised of customer service charges, loan placement fees, net gains/losses on sales and calls of investment securities, appreciation in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance, FHLB dividends, and other income. Non-interest income was $2,611,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to $1,636,000 for the same period in 2024. The $975,000 or 59.60% increase in non-interest income during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily driven by no realized losses on sales of investment securities at March 31, 2025, an increase of $118,000 for service charges, and an increase of $111,000 for interchange fees.
The Bank currently holds $10,978,000 in stock from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco in conjunction with our borrowing capacity and generally earns quarterly dividends. We received dividends totaling $241,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $157,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The following table shows significant components of non-interest income for the periods indicated:
44

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interchange fees |  | $ | 516 |  |  | $ | 405 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | 27.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges |  | 502 |  |  | 384 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 30.7 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance |  | 366 |  |  | 275 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 33.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal Home Loan Bank dividends |  | 241 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 53.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan placement fees |  | 171 |  |  | 166 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 3.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net realized losses on sales and calls of investment securities |  | — |  |  | (373) |  |  | 373 |  |  | (100.0) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other income |  | 815 |  |  | 622 |  |  | 193 |  |  | 31.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total non-interest income |  | $ | 2,611 |  |  | $ | 1,636 |  |  | $ | 975 |  |  | 59.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Non-Interest Expenses
Salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, information technology, data processing, professional services, acquisition and integration expenses, and regulatory assessments are the major categories of non-interest expenses.
Non-interest expenses increased $8,137,000 or 53.07% to $23,470,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to $15,333,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The net increase for the three month period was primarily the result of increases in salaries and employee benefits of $4,321,000, acquisition and merger expenses of $276,000, occupancy and equipment of $1,284,000, other expenses of $686,000, information technology of $754,000, regulatory assessments of $169,000, and professional services of $157,000.
Salaries and employee benefits increased $4,321,000 or 50.02% to $12,959,000 for the first three months of 2025 compared to $8,638,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The increase in salaries and benefits was a reflection of an increase in full-time equivalent employees as a result of the merger. Full time equivalent employees were 342 for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 253 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.
The following table shows significant components of non-interest expense for the periods indicated:

|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, |  |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | $ Change |  | % Change |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits |  | $ | 12,959 |  |  | $ | 8,638 |  |  | $ | 4,321 |  |  | 50.0 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Occupancy and equipment |  | 2,827 |  |  | 1,543 |  |  | 1,284 |  |  | 83.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Information technology |  | 1,902 |  |  | 1,021 |  |  | 881 |  |  | 86.3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Regulatory assessments |  | 491 |  |  | 322 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 52.5 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Data processing expense |  | 800 |  |  | 685 |  |  | 115 |  |  | 16.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Professional services |  | 864 |  |  | 625 |  |  | 239 |  |  | 38.2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ATM/Debit card expenses |  | 393 |  |  | 214 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 83.6 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Advertising |  | 261 |  |  | 151 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 72.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Directors’ expenses |  | 216 |  |  | 169 |  |  | 47 |  |  | 27.8 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Merger and acquisition expense |  | 276 |  |  | 383 |  |  | (107) |  |  | (27.9) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loan related expenses |  | 212 |  |  | 92 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 130.4 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Personnel other |  | 101 |  |  | 131 |  |  | (30) |  |  | (22.9) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of core deposit intangibles |  | 251 |  |  | — |  |  | 251 |  |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other expense |  | 1,917 |  |  | 1,359 |  |  | 558 |  |  | 41.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total non-interest expense |  | $ | 23,470 |  |  | $ | 15,333 |  |  | $ | 8,137 |  |  | 53.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

45

Provision for Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate was 27.02% and 23.43% for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
The Company reported an income tax provision of $3,071,000 and $1,125,000 for the three month period ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
The effective tax rate was not as impacted by Low Income Housing Tax Credits (“LIHTC”) or additional tax exempt items during the three month period ended March 31, 2025 as compared to the prior year period due to the increased earnings of the Company from the merger. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of tax expense in the consolidated statements of income. If deemed necessary, the Company maintains a reserve for uncertain income taxes where the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained upon examination do not meet a more-likely-than-not criteria. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was no reserve for uncertain tax positions.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Summary of Changes in Consolidated Balance Sheets
Total assets were $3,553,086,000 as of March 31, 2025, compared to $3,521,771,000 at December 31, 2024, an increase of 0.89% or $31,315,000. Total gross loans were $2,346,897,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to $2,334,221,000 at December 31, 2024, an increase of $12,676,000 or 2.17%. Total cash and cash equivalents increased 23.25% or $27,994,000 to $148,392,000 at March 31, 2025 compared to $120,398,000 at December 31, 2024. The investment portfolio decreased 1.04% or $8,181,000 to $776,877,000 at March 31, 2025 compared to $785,058,000 at December 31, 2024. Total deposits increased 0.61% or $17,901,000 to $2,928,678,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to $2,910,777,000 at December 31, 2024. Shareholders’ equity increased $9,512,000 or 2.62% to $372,197,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to $362,685,000 at December 31, 2024. The increase in shareholders’ equity was driven by the retention of earnings, issuance of common stock, the change in unrealized loss, partially offset by dividends paid. Accrued interest payable and other liabilities was $47,909,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to $44,978,000 at December 31, 2024, an increase of 6.52%.
Investments
Our investment portfolio consists primarily of private label mortgage, U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage backed obligations, asset backed securities (PLMABS), corporate debt securities, and obligations of states and political subdivision securities and are classified at the date of acquisition as available for sale or held to maturity. As of March 31, 2025, investment securities with a fair value of $428,830,000, or 55.20% of our investment securities portfolio, were held as collateral for public funds, short and long-term borrowings, treasury, tax, and for other purposes.
Our loan-to-deposit ratio at March 31, 2025 was 80.14%, compared to 80.19% at December 31, 2024. The total investment portfolio decreased $8,181,000 to $776,877,000 at March 31, 2025 compared to $785,058,000 at December 31, 2024. The fair value of the available-for-sale investment portfolio reflected a net unrealized loss of $56,466,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to net unrealized losses of $59,221,000 at December 31, 2024 and $69,991,000 at March 31, 2024.
See Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in this report for carrying values and estimated fair values of our investment securities portfolio.
Loans
Total gross loans increased $12,676,000 or 0.54% to $2,346,897,000 as of March 31, 2025, compared to $2,334,221,000 as of December 31, 2024.
46

The following table sets forth information concerning the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated:

Loan Type (Dollars in thousands) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | % of Total Loans |  | December 31, 2024 |  | % of Total Loans
Commercial: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 146,736 |  |  | 6.3 | % |  | $ | 143,422 |  |  | 6.1 | %
Agricultural production |  | 28,045 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | 37,323 |  |  | 1.6 | %
Total commercial |  | 174,781 |  |  | 7.5 | % |  | 180,745 |  |  | 7.7 | %
Real estate: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction & other land loans |  | 71,075 |  |  | 3.0 | % |  | 67,869 |  |  | 2.9 | %
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 325,838 |  |  | 13.9 | % |  | 323,188 |  |  | 13.8 | %
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 923,589 |  |  | 39.4 | % |  | 913,165 |  |  | 39.1 | %
Farmland |  | 137,587 |  |  | 5.9 | % |  | 139,815 |  |  | 6.0 | %
Multi-family residential |  | 143,524 |  |  | 6.1 | % |  | 133,595 |  |  | 5.7 | %
1-4 family - close-ended |  | 121,751 |  |  | 5.2 | % |  | 123,445 |  |  | 5.3 | %
1-4 family - revolving |  | 32,477 |  |  | 1.4 | % |  | 35,421 |  |  | 1.5 | %
Total real estate |  | 1,755,841 |  |  | 74.9 | % |  | 1,736,498 |  |  | 74.3 | %
Consumer: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufactured Housing |  | 319,211 |  |  | 13.6 | % |  | 322,263 |  |  | 13.8 | %
Other installment loans |  | 95,180 |  |  | 4.1 | % |  | 415,102 |  |  | 4.0 | %
Total consumer |  | 414,391 |  |  | 17.7 | % |  | 737,365 |  |  | 17.8 | %
Net deferred origination costs |  | 1,884 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | 1,876 |  |  | 0.1 | %
Loan, net of deferred origination fees |  | 2,346,897 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 2,334,221 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Allowance for credit losses |  | (26,095) |  |  |  |  | (25,803) |  |  |
Total loans |  | $ | 2,320,802 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,308,418 |  |  |

As of March 31, 2025, in management’s judgment, a concentration of loans existed in loans commercial real estate, including construction and other land loans, representing approximately 56.3% of total loans. This level of concentration of commercial real estate is consistent with the 55.8% of total loans at December 31, 2024. We believe that our commercial real estate loan underwriting policies and practices result in prudent extensions of credit, but recognize that our lending activities result in relatively high reported commercial real estate lending levels. Although we believe the loans within this real estate concentration have no more than the normal risk of collectability, a substantial decline in the performance of the economy in general or a decline in real estate values in our primary market areas, in particular, could have an adverse impact on collectability, increase the level of real estate-related nonperforming loans, or have other adverse effects which alone or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
In order to mitigate these risks, the Board reviews and approves concentration limits proposed by management. Exceptions to limitations of concentrations are reported to the Board of Directors at least quarterly. Additionally, the Company maintains policy guidelines for maximum loan to value ratios to mitigate the risk of general declines in real estate values. The Company performs regular risk assessments, portfolio monitoring of loans, and stress tests as part of its risk management policies to identify any negative trends within the portfolio. Within the commercial real estate portfolio, there is diversification of collateral type and geography throughout our footprint. The Company did not engage in any sub-prime mortgage lending activities during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.
The following table presents the commercial real estate owner and non-owner occupied loan balances, associated percentage of commercial real estate concentrations of those sub-categories by collateral type as of the dates indicated.
47

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Loan Balance |  | % of Category |  | Loan Balance |  | % of Category
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office |  | $ | 57,394 |  |  | 17.61 | % |  | $ | 59,952 |  |  | 18.55 | %
Industrial & warehouse |  | 90,520 |  |  | 27.78 | % |  | 86,873 |  |  | 26.88 | %
Retail |  | 35,867 |  |  | 11.01 | % |  | 35,042 |  |  | 10.84 | %
Gas Stations |  | 61,011 |  |  | 18.72 | % |  | 60,503 |  |  | 18.72 | %
Restaurants |  | 15,325 |  |  | 4.70 | % |  | 15,534 |  |  | 4.81 | %
Other |  | 65,721 |  |  | 20.17 | % |  | 65,284 |  |  | 20.20 | %
Total |  | $ | 325,838 |  |  | 100.00 | % |  | 323,188 |  |  | 100.00 | %
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office |  | $ | 270,507 |  |  | 29.29 | % |  | $ | 253,883 |  |  | 27.80 | %
Industrial & warehouse |  | 156,377 |  |  | 16.93 | % |  | 153,192 |  |  | 16.78 | %
Retail |  | 194,325 |  |  | 21.04 | % |  | 188,464 |  |  | 20.64 | %
Hospitality |  | 163,117 |  |  | 17.66 | % |  | 163,961 |  |  | 17.96 | %
Other |  | 139,263 |  |  | 15.08 | % |  | 153,665 |  |  | 16.83 | %
Total |  | $ | 923,589 |  |  | 100.00 | % |  | $ | 913,165 |  |  | 100.00 | %

Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets consist of nonperforming loans, other real estate owned (OREO), and repossessed assets. Nonperforming loans are those loans which have (i) been placed on nonaccrual status; (ii) been classified as doubtful under our asset classification system; or (iii) become contractually past due 90 days or more with respect to principal or interest and have not been restructured or otherwise placed on nonaccrual status. A loan is classified as nonaccrual when (i) it is maintained on a cash basis because of deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower; (ii) payment in full of principal or interest under the original contractual terms is not expected; or (iii) principal or interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection.
At March 31, 2025 there were $6,936,000 nonperforming assets, compared to $6,461,000 at December 31, 2024.
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans
For additional information regarding provisions to credit losses on loans, see “Provision for credit losses on loans” above. Based on the current conditions of the loan portfolio, management believes that the $26,095,000 is adequate to absorb current expected credit losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. The following table summarizes the allocation for the allowance for credit losses by loan type as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
48

Loan Type |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Commercial: |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  | $ | 1,487 |  |  | $ | 1,363 |
Agricultural production |  | 295 |  |  | 389 |
Total commercial |  | 1,782 |  |  | 1,752 |
Real estate: |  |  |  |
Construction & other land loans |  | 1,898 |  |  | 2,060 |
Commercial real estate - owner occupied |  | 3,281 |  |  | 3,253 |
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied |  | 9,679 |  |  | 10,014 |
Farmland |  | 1,290 |  |  | 1,393 |
Multi-family residential |  | 1,487 |  |  | 1,486 |
1-4 family - revolving |  | 1,604 |  |  | 1,625 |
1-4 family - revolving |  | 669 |  |  | 686 |
Total real estate |  | 19,908 |  |  | 20,517 |
Consumer: |  |  |  |
Manufacturing housing |  | 3,096 |  |  | 2,147 |
Other installment loans |  | 1,309 |  |  | 1,387 |
Total consumer |  | 4,405 |  |  | 3,534 |
Total allowance for credit losses |  | $ | 26,095 |  |  | $ | 25,803 |

As of March 31, 2025, the balance in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) on loans was $26,095,000, or 1.11% of total gross loans, compared to $25,803,000, or 1.11% of total gross loans, as of December 31, 2024. The balance of unfunded commitments to extend credit on construction and other loans and letters of credit was $423,265,000 as of March 31, 2025, compared to $413,973,000 as of December 31, 2024. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the balance of the reserve for unfunded commitments was $1,028,000 and $1,055,000, respectively. The reserve for unfunded commitments is calculated by management using appropriate, systematic, and consistently applied processes. While related to credit losses, this allocation is not a part of the ACL on loans and is considered separately as a liability for accounting and regulatory reporting purposes.
The following table illustrates and sets forth additional analysis which portrays the trends that are occurring in the loan portfolio.

|  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024 |  | March 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands) |  | Balance |  | % to Total Loans |  | Balance |  | % to Total Loans |  | Balance |  | % to Total Loans
Past due loans 30 days or more |  | $ | 8,503 |  |  | 0.36 | % |  | $ | 9,838 |  |  | 0.76 | % |  | $ | 2,754 |  |  | 0.21 | %
Nonaccrual loans |  | 6,936 |  |  | 0.30 | % |  | 6,461 |  |  | 0.50 | % |  | — |  |  | — | %

Deposits
The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to applicable legal limits. All of a depositor’s accounts at an insured depository institution, including all non-interest bearing transactions accounts, are insured by the FDIC up to standard maximum deposit insurance amount of $250,000 for each deposit insurance ownership category.
Total deposits increased $17,901,000 or 0.61% to $2,928,678,000 as of March 31, 2025, compared to $2,910,777,000 as of December 31, 2024. Interest-bearing deposits decreased $13,563,000 or 0.70% to $1,916,390,000 as of March 31, 2025, compared to $1,929,953,000 as of December 31, 2024. Non-interest bearing deposits increased $31,464,000 or 3.21% to $1,012,288,000 as of March 31, 2025, compared to $980,824,000 as of December 31, 2024. Average non-interest bearing deposits to average total deposits was 34.30% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 45.30% for the same period in 2024.
49

The composition of the deposits and year-to-date average interest rates paid at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is summarized in the table below.

(Dollars in thousands) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | % of Total Deposits |  | Average Interest Rate |  | December 31, 2024 |  | % of Total Deposits |  | Average Interest Rate
NOW accounts |  | $ | 422,834 |  |  | 14.4 | % |  | 0.74 | % |  | $ | 470,548 |  |  | 16.2 | % |  | 0.28 | %
MMA accounts |  | 865,973 |  |  | 29.6 | % |  | 2.37 | % |  | 843,145 |  |  | 29.0 | % |  | 2.67 | %
Time deposits |  | 453,460 |  |  | 15.5 | % |  | 3.99 | % |  | 443,284 |  |  | 15.2 | % |  | 4.85 | %
Savings deposits |  | 174,123 |  |  | 5.9 | % |  | 1.66 | % |  | 172,976 |  |  | 5.9 | % |  | 0.49 | %
Total interest-bearing |  | 1,916,390 |  |  | 65.4 | % |  | 2.21 | % |  | 1,929,953 |  |  | 66.3 | % |  | 2.49 | %
Non-interest bearing |  | 1,012,288 |  |  | 34.6 | % |  |  |  | 980,824 |  |  | 33.7 | % |  |
Total deposits |  | $ | 2,928,678 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |  |  | $ | 2,910,777 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  |

As of March 31, 2025 there was $1,069,860,000 in uninsured deposits or 36.53% of total deposits, compared to $1,029,929,000 and 35.38% as of December 31, 2024.
Other Borrowings
As of March 31, 2025, the Company had $90,000,000 Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of San Francisco long-term advances outstanding and $45,000,000 short-term advances outstanding. We maintain a line of credit with the FHLB collateralized by government securities and loans. Refer to the Liquidity section below for further discussion of FHLB advances.
Capital
Capital serves as a source of funds and helps protect depositors and shareholders against potential losses. Historically, the primary source of capital for the Company has been through retained earnings.
The Company has historically maintained substantial levels of capital. The assessment of capital adequacy is dependent on several factors including asset quality, earnings trends, liquidity and economic conditions. Maintenance of adequate capital levels is integral to providing stability to the Company. The Company needs to maintain substantial levels of regulatory capital to give it maximum flexibility in the changing regulatory environment and to respond to changes in the market and economic conditions.
Our shareholders’ equity was $372,197,000 at March 31, 2025, compared to $362,685,000 at December 31, 2024. The increase from December 31, 2024 in shareholders’ equity is the result of an increase in retained earnings from net income of $8,293,000, stock issued under the employee purchase plan of $123,000, the effect of share-based compensation expense of $291,000, and a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss of $2,355,000, partially offset by common stock cash dividends of $2,278,000.
During the first three months of 2025, the Company declared $2,278,000 in cash dividends ($0.12 per common share) to holders of common stock. The Company declared and paid $1,419,000 in cash dividends ($0.12 per common share) to holders of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The difference in the aggregate amount paid is attributable to additional shares issued in connection with the acquisition of Community West Bancshares.
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The following table presents the Company’s regulatory capital r atios as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(Dollars in thousands) |  |  |
March 31, 2025 |  | Amount |  | Ratio |
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio |  | $ | 323,490 |  |  | 9.36 | % |
Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio (CET 1) |  | $ | 318,490 |  |  | 11.39 | % |
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 323,490 |  |  | 11.57 | % |
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 386,357 |  |  | 13.82 | % |
December 31, 2024 |  | Amount |  | Ratio |
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio |  | $ | 222,567 |  |  | 9.18 | % |
Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio (CET 1) |  | $ | 217,567 |  |  | 12.78 | % |
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 222,567 |  |  | 13.07 | % |
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 273,699 |  |  | 16.08 | % |

The following table presents the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

(Dollars in thousands) |  | Actual Ratio |  | Minimum regulatory requirement (1) |  | Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” Institution
March 31, 2025 |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio |  | $ | 377,411 |  |  | 11.04 | % |  | $ | 138,031 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | $ | 165,267 |  |  | 5.00 | %
Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio (CET 1) |  | $ | 377,411 |  |  | 13.54 | % |  | $ | 125,474 |  |  | 7.00 | % |  | $ | 178,264 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 377,411 |  |  | 13.54 | % |  | $ | 167,299 |  |  | 8.50 | % |  | $ | 219,402 |  |  | 8.00 | %
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 405,425 |  |  | 14.54 | % |  | $ | 223,065 |  |  | 10.50 | % |  | $ | 274,252 |  |  | 10.00 | %
December 31, 2024 |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
Tier 1 Leverage Ratio |  | $ | 285,099 |  |  | 11.75 | % |  | $ | 97,016 |  |  | 4.00 | % |  | $ | 121,271 |  |  | 5.00 | %
Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio (CET 1) |  | $ | 285,099 |  |  | 16.76 | % |  | $ | 76,526 |  |  | 7.00 | % |  | $ | 110,538 |  |  | 6.50 | %
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 285,099 |  |  | 16.76 | % |  | $ | 102,035 |  |  | 8.50 | % |  | $ | 136,047 |  |  | 8.00 | %
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio |  | $ | 301,642 |  |  | 17.74 | % |  | $ | 136,047 |  |  | 10.50 | % |  | $ | 170,058 |  |  | 10.00 | %
(1) The minimum regulatory requirement threshold includes the capital conservation buffer of 2.50%.

Liquidity
Liquidity management involves our ability to meet cash flow requirements arising from fluctuations in deposit levels and demands of daily operations, which include funding of securities purchases, providing for customers’ credit needs and ongoing repayment of borrowings. Our liquidity is actively managed on a daily basis and reviewed periodically by our management and Board of Director’s Asset/Liability Committees. This process is intended to ensure the maintenance of sufficient funds to meet our needs, including adequate cash flow for off-balance sheet commitments.
Our primary sources of liquidity are derived from financing activities which include the acceptance of customer and, to a lesser extent, broker deposits, Federal funds facilities with correspondent banks, and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco. These funding sources are augmented by payments of principal and interest on loans, the routine maturities and pay downs of securities from the securities portfolio, the stability of our core deposits and the ability to sell investment securities. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had unpledged securities totaling $348,047,000 available as a secondary source of liquidity and total cash and cash equivalents of $148,392,000. Cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2025 increased 23.25% compared to $120,398,000 at December 31, 2024. Primary uses of funds include withdrawal of and interest payments on deposits, originations and purchases of loans, purchases of investment securities, and payment of operating expenses.
As a means of augmenting our liquidity, we have established federal funds lines with our correspondent banks. At March 31, 2025, our available borrowing capacity includes approximately $110,000,000 in unsecured credit lines with our correspondent
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banks, $589,261,000 in unused FHLB secured advances, and a $3,632,000 secured credit line at the Federal Reserve Bank. We believe our liquidity sources to be stable and adequate. At March 31, 2025, we were not aware of any information that was reasonably likely to have a material effect on our liquidity position.
The following table reflects the Company’s credit lines, balances outstanding, and pledged collateral at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

Credit Lines (In thousands) |  | March 31, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Unsecured Credit Lines |  |  |  |
Total credit limit |  | $ | 110,000 |  |  | $ | 110,000 |
Balance outstanding |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank |  |  |  |
Total credit limit |  | $ | 751,261 |  |  | $ | 738,556 |
Balance outstanding, net of discount |  | $ | 134,377 |  |  | $ | 133,442 |
Collateral pledged |  | $ | 1,682,393 |  |  | $ | 1,236,732 |
Fair value of collateral |  | $ | 1,299,838 |  |  | $ | 1,083,041 |
Federal Reserve Bank |  |  |  |
Credit limit |  | $ | 3,632 |  |  | $ | 3,669 |
Balance outstanding |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Collateral pledged |  | $ | 4,270 |  |  | $ | 4,406 |
Fair value of collateral |  | $ | 3,770 |  |  | $ | 3,828 |

The liquidity of the parent company, Community West Bancshares, is primarily dependent on the payment of cash dividends by its subsidiary, Community West Bank, subject to limitations imposed by California statutes and the regulations.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is defined as the risk of loss arising from an adverse change in the market value (or prices) of financial instruments. A significant component of market risk is interest rate risk, which is inherent in our lending, investment, borrowing and deposit gathering activities. The Bank manages interest rate sensitivity to minimize the exposure of our net interest margin, earnings, and capital to changes in interest rates. Interest rate changes can create fluctuations in the net interest margin due to an imbalance in the timing of repricing or maturity of assets or liabilities. Interest rate changes can also affect the market value of our financial instruments, such as available-for-sale securities and the related unrealized gains or losses, which affects our equity value.
To mitigate interest rate risk, the structure of our assets and liabilities is managed with the objective of correlating the effects of interest rate changes on loans and investments with those of deposits and borrowings. The asset and liability management policy sets limits on the acceptable amount of change to net interest income and economic value of equity in different interest rate environments.
ALCO and the Bank’s Board of Directors review our exposure to interest rate risk at least quarterly. We use simulation models to measure interest rate risk and to evaluate strategies to improve profitability in the context of policy guidelines. A simplified statement of condition is prepared on a quarterly basis as a starting point, using instrument level data of our actual loans, investments, borrowings and deposits as inputs. If potential changes to net equity value and net interest income resulting from hypothetical interest rate changes are not within the limits established by the Bank’s Board of Directors, management may adjust the asset and liability mix to bring the risk position within approved limits or take other actions. Governing policies are subject to review by regulators and are updated to incorporate their observations and to adapt to changes in idiosyncratic and systemic risks. At March 31, 2025, interest rate risk was within policy guidelines established by ALCO and the Bank’s Board of Directors. One set of interest rates modeled and evaluated against flat interest rates and a static balance sheet is a series of immediate parallel shifts in the yield curve. Our most recent analysis of our interest rate sensitivity is provided in the following table as an example rather than an expectation of likely interest rate movements.
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Immediate and Parallel Shift in Interest Rates (in basis points) | Estimated Change in Net Interest Income in Year 1, as percent of Net Interest Income | Estimated Change in Net Interest Income in Year 2, as percent of Net Interest Income
up 400 | 2.93 | % | 4.33 | %
up 300 | 2.66 | % | 3.83 | %
up 200 | 2.38 | % | 3.30 | %
up 100 | 2.46 | % | 3.31 | %
down 100 | (2.26) | % | (3.46) | %
down 200 | (3.71) | % | (5.74) | %
down 300 | (4.47) | % | (7.30) | %
down 400 | (4.71) | % | (8.36) | %

Interest rate sensitivity is a function of the repricing characteristics of our assets and liabilities. The Bank runs a combination of scenarios and sensitivities in its attempt to capture the range of interest rate risk including the simulations mentioned above. As with any simulation model or other method of measuring interest rate risk, limitations are inherent in the process and dependent on assumptions. For example, lower deposit growth than modeled may cause the Bank to increase its borrowing position, thereby increasing its liability sensitivity. Additionally, assets and liabilities may react differently to changes in market interest rates in terms of both timing and responsiveness to market rate movements. Important deposit modeling assumptions include the speed of deposit run-off and the amount by which interest-bearing deposit rates increase or decrease when market interest rates change, otherwise known as the deposit beta. The above tables reflect a range of deposit betas to rates paid on non-maturity interest-bearing deposits that differ in rising and falling rate scenarios, depending on product type and magnitude of the rate shock. The actual rates and timing of prepayments on loans and investment securities could vary significantly from the assumptions applied in the various scenarios. Lastly, uneven changes in different tenors of U.S. Treasury rates that result in changes to the shape of the yield curve could produce different results from those presented in the table. Accordingly, the results presented should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results in the event of changing market interest rates.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of the end of the period covered by this report, management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures with respect to the information generated for use in this Quarterly Report. The evaluation was based in part upon reports provided by a number of executives. Based upon, and as of the date of the evaluation of the disclosure controls and procedures, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurances that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There was no change in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.
In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, the Company’s management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurances of achieving the desired control objectives and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None to report.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes from risk factors as previously disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None to report.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None to report.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
None to report.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None to report.
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ITEM 6 EXHIBITS

3.1 |  | Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Central Valley Community Bancorp attached as Exhibit 3.1 to the Annual Report on From 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed on March 15, 2024, and incorporated herein by reference.
3.2 |  | Amended and Restated bylaws of the Company as amended attached as Exhibit 3.2 to the Annual Report on From 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed on March 15, 2024, and incorporated herein by reference.
4.1 |  | Indenture, dated as of August 17, 2006 between Service 1st Bancorp, as Issuer, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee, attached as Exhibit 4.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August June 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.
4.2 |  | Declaration of Trust for Service 1st Capital Trust I, dated as of August 17, 2006, between Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as trustee, and Central Valley Community Bancorp as successor through merger to Service 1st Bancorp, attached as Exhibit 4.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended August June 30, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.
4.3 |  | Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, attached as Exhibit 4.3 to the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed on March 6, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
31.1 |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(d) / 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2 |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(d) / 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1 |  | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) / 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
32.2 |  | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) / 15d-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation document
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Link Document

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Community West Bancshares |
Date: May 8, 2025 | /s/ James J. Kim
| James J. Kim
| Chief Executive Officer
Date: May 8, 2025 | /s/ Shannon R. Livingston
| Shannon R. Livingston
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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