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Concentrations of Credit Risk
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]  
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentration of credit risk is the risk associated with a lack of diversification, such as having substantial investments in a few individual issuers, thereby exposing us to greater risks resulting from adverse economic, political, regulatory, geographic, industrial or credit developments. Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, investment securities and loans.
Our cash in correspondent bank accounts, at times, may exceed FDIC insured limits. We place cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions, periodically monitor their credit worthiness and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one institution according to regulations. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to investment securities are limited to the U.S. Government, its agencies and Government Sponsored Enterprises ("GSEs") and was $528.3 million, or 85% of our total investment portfolio at December 31, 2018 and $358.4 million, or 74% at December 31, 2017.
We also manage our credit exposure related to our loan portfolio to avoid the risk of undue concentration of credits in a particular industry by reducing significant exposure to highly leveraged transactions or to any individual customer or counterparty, and by obtaining collateral as appropriate. No individual borrower accounts for more than 3% of loans held in the portfolio. The largest loan concentration group by industry of the borrowers is real estate, which accounts for 83% and 81% of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.