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Investment Securities | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract] |
Investment Securities | Investment Securities Our investment securities portfolio consists of obligations of state and political subdivisions, U.S. federal government agencies such as Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") and Small Business Administration ("SBA"), U.S. government-sponsored enterprises ("GSEs") such as Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC), Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation and FHLB. We also invest in residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"/"CMBS") and collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs") issued or guaranteed by the GSEs, as reflected in the following table. A summary of the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses related to securities held-to-maturity as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is presented below.
Held-to-maturity: | Amortized Cost 1 | Allowance for Credit Losses | Net Carrying Amount | Gross Unrealized | Fair Value
(in thousands) | Gains | (Losses)
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises: |  |  |  |  |  |
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA | $ | 65,579 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 65,579 |  | $ | 3,924 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 69,503 |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | 27,201 |  | — |  | 27,201 |  | 1,441 |  | — |  | 28,642 |
CMOs issued by FNMA | 8,042 |  | — |  | 8,042 |  | 363 |  | — |  | 8,405 |
SBA-backed securities | 6,547 |  | — |  | 6,547 |  | 400 |  | — |  | 6,947 |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,667 |  | — |  | 1,667 |  | 21 |  |  | 1,688 |
Total held-to-maturity | $ | 109,036 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 109,036 |  | $ | 6,149 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 115,185 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises: |  |  |  |  |  |
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA | 80,451 |  | — |  | 80,451 |  | 1,018 |  | (144) |  | 81,325 |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | 31,477 |  | — |  | 31,477 |  | 685 |  | (5) |  | 32,157 |
CMOs issued by FNMA | 10,210 |  | — |  | 10,210 |  | 282 |  | — |  | 10,492 |
CMOs issued by GNMA | 3,763 |  | — |  | 3,763 |  | 53 |  | — |  | 3,816 |
SBA-backed securities | 7,999 |  | — |  | 7,999 |  | 265 |  | — |  | 8,264 |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 3,513 |  | — |  | 3,513 |  | 75 |  | — |  | 3,588 |
Total held-to-maturity | $ | 137,413 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 137,413 |  | $ | 2,378 |  | $ | (149) |  | $ | 139,642 |
1 Amortized cost and fair values exclude accrued interest receivable of $366 thousand and $469 thousand at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which is included in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition.
Management measures expected credit losses on held-to-maturity securities on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics, and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. With regard to MBSs and CMOs issued or guaranteed by the GSEs, and SBA-backed securities, we expect to receive all the contractual principal and interest on these securities as such securities are backed by the full faith and credit of and/or guaranteed by the U.S. government. Accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded for these securities. With regard to securities issued by states and political subdivisions, management considers (i) issuer and/or guarantor credit ratings, (ii) historical probability of default and loss given default rates for given bond ratings and remaining maturity,(iii) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities, (iv) internal credit review of the financial information, and (v) whether or not such securities have credit enhancements such as guarantees, contain a defeasance clause, or are pre-refunded by the issuers. Based on the comprehensive analysis, no credit losses are expected. The following table summarizes Moody's and/or Standard & Poor's bond ratings for our portfolio of held-to-maturity securities issued by states and political subdivisions as of December 31, 2020.
(in thousands) | Obligations of state and political subdivisions |  |  |  |
AA | $ | 1,461 |  |  |  |  |
A | 206 |  |  |  |  |
Total | $ | 1,667 |  |  |  |  |
A summary of the amortized cost, fair value and allowance for credit losses related to securities available-for-sale as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is presented below.
Available-for-sale: | Amortized Cost 1 | Gross Unrealized | Allowance for Credit Losses | Fair Value
(in thousands) | Gains | (Losses)
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises: |  |  |  |  |
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA | $ | 50,686 |  | $ | 2,530 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 53,216 |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | 143,267 |  | 7,925 |  | (1) |  | — |  | 151,191 |
CMOs issued by FNMA | 16,450 |  | 580 |  | — |  | — |  | 17,030 |
CMOs issued by GNMA | 6,863 |  | 351 |  | — |  | — |  | 7,214 |
SBA-backed securities | 30,941 |  | 1,976 |  | (55) |  | — |  | 32,862 |
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies | 19,944 |  | 266 |  | (24) |  | — |  | 20,186 |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 104,887 |  | 5,765 |  | — |  | — |  | 110,652 |
Total available-for-sale | $ | 373,038 |  | $ | 19,393 |  | $ | (80) |  | $ | — |  | $ | 392,351 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |
Securities of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises: |  |  |  |  |
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA | $ | 98,502 |  | $ | 1,617 |  | $ | (48) |  | $ | — |  | $ | 100,071 |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | 139,398 |  | 3,892 |  | (64) |  | — |  | 143,226 |
CMOs issued by FNMA | 22,702 |  | 390 |  | — |  | — |  | 23,092 |
CMOs issued by GNMA | 11,719 |  | 42 |  | (6) |  | — |  | 11,755 |
SBA-backed securities | 35,674 |  | 688 |  | (76) |  | — |  | 36,286 |
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies | 48,389 |  | 727 |  | (70) |  | — |  | 49,046 |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 66,042 |  | 1,386 |  | (146) |  | — |  | 67,282 |
Corporate bonds | 1,497 |  | 6 |  | (1) |  | — |  | 1,502 |
Total available-for-sale | $ | 423,923 |  | $ | 8,748 |  | $ | (411) |  | $ | — |  | $ | 432,260 |
1 Amortized cost and fair value exclude accrued interest receivable of $1.9 million and $1.8 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which is included in interest receivable and other assets in the consolidated statements of condition.
The amortized cost and fair value of investment debt securities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities if the issuers of the securities have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
| Held-to-Maturity | Available-for-Sale | Held-to-Maturity | Available-for-Sale
(in thousands) | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value
Within one year | $ | 246 |  | $ | 250 |  | $ | 11,530 |  | $ | 11,687 |  | $ | 1,807 |  | $ | 1,811 |  | $ | 6,699 |  | $ | 6,706 |
After one but within five years | 7,550 |  | 7,961 |  | 59,028 |  | 62,397 |  | 2,256 |  | 2,296 |  | 48,706 |  | 49,619 |
After five years through ten years | 52,113 |  | 55,872 |  | 144,908 |  | 154,089 |  | 56,221 |  | 57,544 |  | 208,806 |  | 214,277 |
After ten years | 49,127 |  | 51,102 |  | 157,572 |  | 164,178 |  | 77,129 |  | 77,991 |  | 159,712 |  | 161,658 |
Total | $ | 109,036 |  | $ | 115,185 |  | $ | 373,038 |  | $ | 392,351 |  | $ | 137,413 |  | $ | 139,642 |  | $ | 423,923 |  | $ | 432,260 |
As part of our ongoing review of our investment securities portfolio, we reassessed the classification of certain securities issued by government sponsored agencies. During 2018, we transferred $27.4 million, from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity at fair value. We intend and have the ability to hold these securities to maturity. The net unrealized pre-tax loss of $278 thousand, remained in accumulated other comprehensive income and is amortized over the remaining life of the securities along with amortization of any prior transfers. Amortization of the net unrealized pre-tax loss totaled $524 thousand, $445 thousand and $516 thousand in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. There were no securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity at fair value in 2020 or 2019. Sales of investment securities and gross gains and losses are shown in the following table.
(in thousands) | 2020 | 2019 | 2018
Available-for-sale: |  |  |
Sales proceeds | $ | 33,756 |  | $ | 66,081 |  | $ | 16,972 |
Gross realized gains | $ | 916 |  | $ | 214 |  | $ | 27 |
Gross realized losses | $ | (1) |  | $ | (159) |  | $ | (106) |
Pledged investment securities are shown in the following table.
(in thousands) | December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
Pledged to the State of California: |  |
Secure public deposits in compliance with the Local Agency Security Program | $ | 131,051 |  | $ | 126,598 |
Collateral for trust deposits | 751 |  | 742 |
Total investment securities pledged to the State of California | $ | 131,802 |  | $ | 127,340 |
Collateral for Wealth Management and Trust Services ("WMTS") checking account | $ | 629 |  | $ | 622 |
Total pledged investment securities | $ | 132,431 |  | $ | 127,962 |
There were 10 and 40 securities in unrealized loss positions at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Those securities are summarized and classified according to the duration of the loss period in the tables below.
December 31, 2020 | < 12 continuous months |  | ≥ 12 continuous months |  | Total securities in a loss position
(in thousands) | Fair value | Unrealized loss |  | Fair value | Unrealized loss |  | Fair value | Unrealized loss
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SBA-backed securities | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,790 |  | $ | (55) |  |  | $ | 1,790 |  | $ | (55) |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | 5,975 |  | (1) |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 5,975 |  | (1) |
Debentures of government-sponsored agencies | 3,943 |  | (24) |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 3,943 |  | (24) |
Total | $ | 9,918 |  | $ | (25) |  |  | $ | 1,790 |  | $ | (55) |  |  | $ | 11,708 |  | $ | (80) |
December 31, 2019 | < 12 continuous months |  | > 12 continuous months |  | Total securities in a loss position
(in thousands) | Fair value | Unrealized loss |  | Fair value | Unrealized loss |  | Fair value | Unrealized loss
Held-to-maturity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA | $ | 14,203 |  | $ | (60) |  |  | $ | 6,073 |  | $ | (84) |  |  | $ | 20,276 |  | $ | (144) |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | — |  | — |  |  | 1,725 |  | (5) |  |  | 1,725 |  | (5) |
Total held-to-maturity | 14,203 |  | (60) |  |  | 7,798 |  | (89) |  |  | 22,001 |  | (149) |
Available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MBS pass-through securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA | 4,367 |  | (34) |  |  | 4,464 |  | (14) |  |  | 8,831 |  | (48) |
SBA-backed securities | 9,227 |  | (14) |  |  | 2,448 |  | (62) |  |  | 11,675 |  | (76) |
CMOs issued by FHLMC | 14,918 |  | (58) |  |  | 2,981 |  | (6) |  |  | 17,899 |  | (64) |
CMOs issued by GNMA | 7,139 |  | (6) |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 7,139 |  | (6) |
Debentures of government- sponsored agencies | 25,228 |  | (70) |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 25,228 |  | (70) |
Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 20,579 |  | (145) |  |  | 659 |  | (1) |  |  | 21,238 |  | (146) |
Corporate bonds | 500 |  | (1) |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 500 |  | (1) |
Total available-for-sale | 81,958 |  | (328) |  |  | 10,552 |  | (83) |  |  | 92,510 |  | (411) |
Total | $ | 96,161 |  | $ | (388) |  |  | $ | 18,350 |  | $ | (172) |  |  | $ | 114,511 |  | $ | (560) |
As of December 31, 2020, the investment portfolio included 5 investment securities that had been in a continuous loss position for twelve months or more and 5 investment securities had been in a loss position for less than twelve months. Securities issued by government-sponsored agencies, such as FNMA and FHLMC, usually have implicit credit support by the U.S. federal government. However, since 2008, FNMA and FHLMC have been under government conservatorship and, therefore, contractual cash flows for these investments carry explicit guarantees by the U.S. federal government. Securities issued by the SBA and GNMA have explicit credit guarantees by the U.S. federal government, which protects us from credit losses on the contractual cash flows of the securities. Our investment in obligations of state and political subdivisions bonds are deemed credit worthy after our comprehensive analysis of the issuers' latest financial information, credit ratings by major credit agencies, and/or credit enhancements. At December 31, 2020, management determined that it did not intend to sell investment securities with unrealized losses, and it is not more than likely than not that w e will have to sell any of the securities with unrealized losses before recovery of their amortized cost. Ther efore, no allowance for credit losses has been recognized on available for sale securities in an unrealized loss position as management does not believe any of the securities are impaired due to reasons of credit quality at December 31, 2020. Non-Marketable Securities FHLB Capital Stock As a member of the FHLB, we are required to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB capital stock determined by the Board of Directors of the FHLB. The minimum investment requirements can increase in the event we increase our total asset size or borrowings with the FHLB. Shares cannot be purchased or sold except between the FHLB and its members at the $100 per share par value. We held $11.9 million and $11.7 million of FHLB stock included in other assets on the consolidated statements of condition at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The carrying amounts of these investments are reasonable estimates of fair value because the securities are restricted to member banks and they do not have a readily determinable market value. Based on our analysis of FHLB’s financial condition and certain qualitative factors, we determined that the FHLB stock was not impaired at December 31, 2020 and 2019. On February 18, 2021, FHLB announced a cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2020 at an annualized dividend rate of 5.00% to be distributed in mid-March 2021. Cash dividends paid on FHLB capital stock are recorded as non-interest income. Visa Inc. Class B Common Stock As a member bank of Visa U.S.A., we held 10,439 shares of Visa Inc. Class B common stock at both December 31, 2020 and 2019. These shares have a carrying value of zero and are restricted from resale to non-member banks of Visa U.S.A. until their conversion into Class A (voting) shares upon the termination of Visa Inc.'s Covered Litigation escrow account. Because of the restriction and the uncertainty on the conversion rate to Class A shares, these shares lack a readily determinable fair value. When converting this Class B common stock to Class A common stock based on the conversion rate of 1.6228, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the closing stock price of Class A shares at those respective dates, the converted value of our shares of Class B common stock would have been $3.7 million and $3.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The conversion rate is subject to further adjustment upon the final settlement of the covered litigation against Visa Inc. and its member banks. As such, the fair value of these Class B shares can differ significantly from their converted values. In October 2018, we sold 6,500 shares of our holdings of Visa Inc. Class B common stock to a member bank of Visa U.S.A., resulting in a pre-tax gain, net of sales commission, of $956 thousand. For further information, refer to Note 12, Commitments and Contingencies. Low Income Housing Tax Credits We invest in low income housing tax credit funds as a limited partner, which totaled $3.5 million and $4.1 million recorded in other assets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. In 2020, we recognized $654 thousand of low income housing tax credits and other tax benefits, net of $550 thousand of amortization expense of low income housing tax credit investment, as a component of income tax expense. As of December 31, 2020, our unfunded commitments for these low income housing tax credit funds totaled $821 thousand. We did not recognize any impairment losses on these low income housing tax credit investments during 2020 or 2019, as the value of the future tax benefits exceeds the carrying value of the investments.

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