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Stockholders' Equity
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]  
Stockholders' Equity
(10)
Stockholders’ Equity 

Stock Issuances
 
In June 2009, the Company completed the sale of 0.9 million shares of its common stock and the issuance of warrants to purchase 1.0 million common shares (the “2009 Warrants”) pursuant to a subscription agreement with a single investor. The Company received proceeds of $3.0 million, with net cash proceeds after related expenses from this transaction of approximately $2.7 million. Of those proceeds, the Company allocated an estimated fair value of $2.2 million to the 2009 Warrants (see below). As required by the 2009 Warrant agreement, the exercise price of the warrants was adjusted following the Company’s October 2013 sale of common stock and warrants. At December 31, 2013, the 2009 Warrants were exercisable at $0.16 per share with 1.0 million warrants outstanding.  The 2009 Warrants have a five-year term. The shares and warrants were issued pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3.
 
In July 2011, the Company completed the sale of 5.0 million shares of its common stock pursuant to an underwriting agreement, raising approximately $23.5 million after expenses. The shares were issued pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3.

In December 2011, the Company entered into a sales agreement (the “December 2011 Sales Agreement”) with Cowen and Company, LLC to sell shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, having aggregate sales proceeds of $39.8 million, from time to time, through an “at the market” equity offering program under which Cowen and Company, LLC will act as sales agent.

In May 2012, the Company completed the sale of 15.3 million shares of its common stock and the issuance of warrants to purchase 4.6 million common shares (the “2012 Warrants”) pursuant to an underwriting agreement. The Company received proceeds of $21.5 million, with net cash proceeds after related expenses from this transaction of approximately $21.1 million. Of those proceeds, the Company allocated an estimated fair value of $3.4 million to the 2012 Warrants. As required by the 2012 Warrant agreement, the exercise price of the warrants was adjusted following the Company’s October 2013 sale of common stock and warrants. At December 31, 2013, the 2012 Warrants were exercisable at $0.16 per share with 4.4 million warrants outstanding. The 2012 Warrants have a three-year term. The shares and warrants were issued pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3.

In December 2012, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (Purchase Agreement) with Terrapin Opportunity, L.P. (Terrapin) for a committed equity financing facility (CEFF) program. The Purchase Agreement provides that Terrapin is committed to purchase up to $35.0 million of our common stock over the 24-month term of the Purchase Agreement. During the year ended December 31, 2013 the Company sold approximately 5.6 million shares of its common stock through the program. The Company received proceeds of approximately $9.0 million, with net cash proceeds after related expenses from this transaction of approximately $8.9 million. The shares were issued pursuant to registration statement on Form S-3.  The net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, commercialization of our products, obtaining regulatory approvals, funding of our clinical trials, capital expenditures and working capital. In addition to the $9.0 million raised during the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company previously raised $2.1 million under the CEFF program. As a result, there was approximately $23.9 million available under this CEFF program as of December 31, 2013.

During the three months ended March 31, 2013, the Company sold approximately 14.2 million shares of its common stock under the December 2011 Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC for proceeds of approximately $20.9 million, with net cash proceeds after related expenses of approximately $20.8 million, successfully completing the program. There are no shares of common stock of the Company remaining for sale under the December 2011 Sales Agreement.

On March 13, 2013, the Company entered into a new sales agreement (the “March 2013 Sales Agreement”) with Cowen and Company, LLC to sell shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, having aggregate sales proceeds of $50,000,000, from time to time, through an “at the market” equity offering program under which Cowen and Company, LLC will act as sales agent. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company sold approximately 16.4 million shares of its common stock under the March 2013 Sales Agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC for proceeds of approximately $5.0 million, with net cash proceeds after related expenses of approximately $4.8 million. The shares were issued pursuant to registration statement Form S-3 (333-187230). The net proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, commercialization of our products, obtaining regulatory approvals, funding of our clinical trials, capital expenditures and working capital.  

In October 2013, the Company completed the sale of 21.0 million shares of its common stock and the issuance of warrants to purchase 9.4 million common shares (the “2013 Warrants”) pursuant to a placement agency agreement. The Company received proceeds of $7.5 million, with net cash proceeds after related expenses from this transaction of approximately $6.9 million. Of those proceeds, the Company allocated an estimated fair value of $1.9 million to the 2013 Warrants. The 2013 Warrants will become exercisable at $0.44 per share on April 30, 2014. The 2013 Warrants have a five-year term. The shares and warrants were issued pursuant to an effective registration statement on Form S-3.

Stock Option Plans
The Company established the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Plans”) under which 3,000,000, and 6,500,000 shares, respectively, were reserved for the issuance of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, stock grants and other equity awards. In May 2012, the total number of shares of Delcath common stock reserved for issuance under the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan was increased by 2,300,000 shares, from 4,200,000 to 6,500,000 upon a favorable vote by the Company’s stockholders. A stock option grant allows the holder of the option to purchase a share of the Company’s common stock in the future at a stated price. The Plans are administered by the Compensation and Stock Option Committee of the board of directors which determines the individuals to whom awards shall be granted as well as the type, terms and conditions of each award, the option price and the duration of each award.
 
Options granted under the Plans vest as determined by the Company’s Compensation and Stock Option Committee and expire over varying terms, but not more than ten years from the date of grant. Stock option activity for 2013, 2012, and 2011 is as follows:

   
 
Number of
Options
  
Exercise Price
per Share
  
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
  
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life (Years)
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
  
3,760,650
  
$
1.23-15.54
  
$
4.88
   
6.65
 
  Granted
  
671,326
   
2.00-9.18
   
5.72
     
  Expired
  
(120,000
)
  
3.28
   
3.28
     
  Forfeited
  
(136,900
)
  
1.40-9.93
   
4.65
     
  Exercised
  
(45,327
)
  
2.44-3.28
   
3.18
     
Outstanding at December 31, 2011
  
4,129,749
  
$
1.23-15.54
  
$
5.09
   
6.38
 
  Granted
  
1,207,452
   
1.43-4.60
   
3.80
     
  Expired
  
(420,000
)
  
1.88-5.85
   
4.81
     
  Forfeited
  
(128,314
)
  
2.26-9.18
   
5.05
     
Outstanding at December 31, 2012
  
4,788,887
  
$
1.23-15.54
  
$
4.79
   
6.88
 
  Granted
  
2,085,717
   
0.30-2.13
   
1.09
     
  Expired
  
(270,000
)
  
1.23-1.87
   
1.53
     
  Forfeited
  
(2,569,461
)
  
0.38-12.34
   
3.97
     
Outstanding at December 31, 2013
  
4,035,143
  
$
0.30-15.54
  
$
3.62
   
2.13
 
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2013
  
2,136,785
  
$
1.24-15.54
  
$
5.68
   
5.56
 

The estimated fair value of each option award granted was determined on the date of grant using an option pricing model with the following assumptions for option grants during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011: 

 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2013
  
2012
  
2011
 
Weighted average risk-free interest rate
  
1.30
%
  
1.11
%
  
2.07
%
Weighted average expected volatility
  
92.31
%
  
79.89
%
  
74.64
%
Expected volatility
  
86.16-97.21
%
  
77.37-84.81
%
  
73.88% - 79.11
%
Dividend yield
  
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
Weighted average expected option term (in years)
  
5.66
   
6.17
   
6.00
 
Weighted average grant date fair value
 
$
0.81
  
$
2.59
  
$
3.79
 

No dividend yield was assumed because the Company has never paid a cash dividend on its common stock and does not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. Volatilities were developed using the Company’s historical volatility.  The risk-free interest rate was developed using the U.S. Treasury yield for periods equal to the expected life of the stock options on the grant date. The expected option term for grants made during 2013 and the second half of 2012 is based on actual historical results. The expected option term for grants made prior to that was developed based on the mid-point between the vesting date and the expiration date of each respective grant as permitted under ASC 718. This method of determining the expected holding period was utilized because the Company did not have sufficient historical experience from which to estimate the period.
 
A summary of the Company’s non-vested options to purchase shares as of December 31, 2013 and changes during the year ended December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are presented below:
 
 
 
Non-Vested Options
 
 
 
Number of
Options
  
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
 
 
  
 
Non-vested at December 31, 2011
  
1,158,368
  
$
6.44
 
Granted
  
1,207,452
   
3.80
 
Vested
  
(570,518
)
  
6.38
 
Forfeited
  
(111,950
)
  
4.79
 
Non-vested at December 31, 2012
  
1,683,352
  
$
4.68
 
Granted
  
2,085,717
   
1.09
 
Vested
  
(686,232
)
  
5.38
 
Forfeited
  
(1,184,479
)
  
3.37
 
Non-vested at December 31, 2013
  
1,898,358
   
1.30
 
 
Compensation expense recognized relating to stock options granted to employees (in millions):

 
 
2013
  
2012
  
2011
 
Selling, general and administrative
 
$
0.2
  
$
1.7
  
$
2.2
 
Research and development
  
0.0
   
1.1
   
1.4
 
Total
 
$
0.2
  
$
2.8
  
$
3.6
 
 
Additional compensation expense of $0.6 million, relating to the unvested portion of stock options granted, is expected to be recognized over a remaining average period of 1.25 years.

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and options exercisable at December 31, 2013 is $0. The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on options with an exercise price less than the Company’s closing stock price of $0.26 as of December 31, 2013, which would have been received by the option holders had those option holders exercised their options as of that date.

A summary of the Company’s restricted stock activity as of December 31, 2013 and changes during the year ended December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 are presented below:
 
 
 
Restricted Stock Activity
 
 
 
Number of Shares
  
Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value
 
 
 
  
 
Non-vested at December 31, 2011
  
193,532
  
$
5.84
 
Granted
  
429,720
   
2.83
 
Vested
  
(100,751
)
  
6.18
 
Forfeited
  
(21,033
)
  
4.39
 
Non-vested at December 31, 2012
  
501,468
  
$
3.26
 
Granted
  
276,250
   
0.42
 
Vested
  
(313,395
)
  
2.57
 
Forfeited
  
(138,601
)
  
4.32
 
Non-vested at December 31, 2013
  
325,722
  
$
1.05
 

Compensation expense recognized relating to restricted stock granted to employees (in millions):

 
 
2013
  
2012
  
2011
 
Selling, general and administrative
 
$
0.2
  
$
0.7
  
$
0.5
 
Research and development
  
0.0
   
0.3
   
0.1
 
Total
 
$
0.2
  
$
1.0
  
$
0.6
 
 
Additional compensation expense of $0.1 million relating to the unvested portion of restricted stock granted, is expected to be recognized over a remaining average period of 0.7 years.

Warrants
The Company allocated part of the proceeds of public offerings in 2009, 2012 and 2013 of the Company’s common stock to warrants issued in connection with those transactions. The Company determined that these warrants should be classified as liabilities rather than equity as the terms of the warrants provide for potential adjustment in the exercise price and are therefore considered to be derivative instrument liabilities that are subject to mark-to-market adjustment each period. As of December 31, 2013, the 2009, 2012 and 2013 Warrants are classified as derivative instrument liabilities.

The valuation of the warrants is determined using an option pricing model. This model uses inputs such as the underlying price of the shares issued when the warrant is exercised, volatility, risk free interest rate and expected life of the instrument.  The Company has determined that the warrant derivative liability should be classified within Level 3 of the fair-value hierarchy by evaluating each input for the model against the fair-value hierarchy criteria and using the lowest level of input as the basis for the fair-value classification as called for in ASC 820-10-35. There are six inputs: the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the day of evaluation; the exercise price of the warrants; the remaining term of the warrants; the volatility of Delcath’s stock over that term; annual rate of dividends; and the riskless rate of return. Of those inputs, the exercise price of the warrants and the remaining term are readily observable in the warrant agreements. The annual rate of dividends is based on our historical practice of not granting dividends. The closing price of the Company’s common stock would fall under Level 1 of the fair-value hierarchy as it is a quoted price in an active market (ASC 820-10-35-40). The riskless rate of return is a Level 2 input as defined in ASC 820-10-35-48, while the historical volatility is a Level 3 input as defined in ASC 820-10-55-22. Since the lowest level input is a Level 3, the Company determined the warrant derivative liability is most appropriately classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded pre-tax derivative instrument income of $2.8 million. The resulting derivative instrument liabilities totaled $2.3 million at December 31, 2013. Management expects that the Warrants will either be exercised or expire worthless. The fair value of the Warrants at December 31, 2013 was determined by using an option pricing model assuming the following:
 
 
 
2013 Warrants
  
2012 Warrants
  
2009 Warrants
 
Expected volatility
  
90.75
%
  
106.77
%
  
128.50
%
Risk-free interest rates
  
1.63
%
  
0.26
%
  
0.10
%
Expected life (in years)
  
4.83
   
1.41
   
0.45
 

A summary of warrant activity is as follows: 
 
 
Warrants
  
Exercise Price
per Share
  
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
  
Weighted Average
Remaining Life
(Years)
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2010
  
2,512,934
  
$
3.44-3.60
  
$
3.51
   
2.45
 
Issued
  
–
             
Exercised
  
–
             
Expired
  
–
             
Outstanding at December 31, 2011
  
2,512,934
  
$
3.44-3.60
  
$
3.51
   
1.45
 
Issued
  
6,523,120
   
1.49-3.03
   
1.65
     
Exercised
  
(2,975,457
)
  
1.49-1.65
   
1.49
     
Expired
  
(418,017
)
  
1.49
   
1.49
     
Outstanding at December 31, 2012
  
5,642,580
  
$
1.20
  
$
1.20
   
2.24
 
Issued
  
9,432,000
   
0.44
   
0.44
     
Exercised
  
(202,689
)
  
1.20
   
1.20
     
Expired
  
–
             
Outstanding at December 31, 2013
  
14,871,891
  
$
0.16-0.44
  
$
0.34
   
3.51