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Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | Note 10: I ncome Taxes Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of:
|  | Years Ended December 31, |
In millions |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Domestic |  | $ | (441 | ) |  | $ | (484 | ) |  | $ | (148 | )
Foreign |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes |  | $ | (441 | ) |  | $ | (484 | ) |  | $ | (148 | )
MBIA Inc. and Subsidiaries Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 10: Income Taxes (continued) The Company files a consolidated tax return that includes all of its U.S. subsidiaries and foreign branches. The Company also files tax returns in Mexico and in various state and local jurisdictions. Income tax expense (benefit) on income (loss) and shareholder's equity, net of changes in the Company's valuation allowance, consisted of:
|  |  | Years Ended December 31, |
In millions |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Current taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Federal |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
| State |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
| Foreign |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | 1 |
Deferred taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Federal |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
| Foreign |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |  |  |  | - |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | 1 |
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is presented in the following table:
|  |  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Federal income tax computed at the statutory rate |  |  | 21.0 | % |  |  | 21.0 | % |  |  | 21.0 | %
Increase (reduction) in taxes resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Change in valuation allowance |  |  | (18.9 | )% |  |  | (18.8 | )% |  |  | (9.4 | )%
| Deferred inventory adjustments |  |  | (0.9 | )% |  |  | (1.3 | )% |  |  | (9.3 | )%
| Excessive Remuneration Sec. 162(m) |  |  | (0.4 | )% |  |  | (1.1 | )% |  |  | (1.7 | )%
| Other |  |  | (0.8 | )% |  |  | 0.2 | % |  |  | (1.1 | )%
Effective tax rate |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | 0.0 | % |  |  | (0.5 | )%
MBIA Inc. and Subsidiaries Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 10: Income Taxes (continued) Deferred Tax Asset, Net of Valuation Allowance The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are presented in the following table:
|  |  |  | As of |
In millions |  |  | December 31, 2024 |  |  | December 31, 2023 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Unearned premium revenue |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 34 |
| Deferred acquisition costs |  |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 7 |
| Net gains on financial instruments at fair value and foreign exchange |  |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 102 |
| Net deferred taxes on VIEs |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 11 |
Total gross deferred tax liabilities |  |  |  | 70 |  |  |  | 154 |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Compensation and employee benefits |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 7 |
| Accrued interest |  |  |  | 326 |  |  |  | 292 |
| Loss and loss adjustment expense reserves |  |  |  | 40 |  |  |  | 62 |
| Net operating loss |  |  |  | 918 |  |  |  | 871 |
| Foreign tax credits |  |  |  | 55 |  |  |  | 56 |
| Other-than-temporary impairments and capital loss carryforward |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 55 |
| Net unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income |  |  |  | 27 |  |  |  | 30 |
| Other |  |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 26 |
Total gross deferred tax assets |  |  |  | 1,450 |  |  |  | 1,399 |
| Valuation allowance |  |  |  | 1,380 |  |  |  | 1,245 |
Net deferred tax asset |  |  | $ | - |  |  | $ | - |
The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of its existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the Company having a three-year cumulative loss. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as the Company’s projections of pre-tax income. On the basis of this evaluation, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset of $1.4 billion and $1.2 billion as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company will continue to analyze the valuation allowance on a quarterly basis. Net operating losses (“NOLs”) of property and casualty insurance companies are permitted to be carried back two years and carried forward 20 years. NOLs of property and casualty insurance companies are not subject to the 80 percent taxable income limitation and indefinite lived carryforward period required by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act applicable to general corporate NOLs. MBIA Inc. and Subsidiaries Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Note 10: Income Taxes (continued) Treatment of Undistributed Earnings of Certain Foreign Subsidiaries - "Accounting for Income Taxes - Special Areas" The Company's amount of undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries was not material as of December 31, 2024. Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes The Company’s policy is to record and disclose any change in unrecognized tax benefit (“UTB”) and related interest and/or penalties to income tax in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company includes interest as a component of income tax expense. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no significant UTB. Federal income tax returns through 2011 have been examined or surveyed. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s NOL is approximately $4.4 billion. NOLs generated prior to tax reform and property and casualty NOLs generated after tax reform will expire between tax years 2026 through 2044. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has a foreign tax credit carryforward of $55 million, which will expire between tax years 2025 through 2033. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code Included in the Company’s Amended By-Laws are restrictions on certain acquisitions of Company stock that otherwise may have increased the likelihood of an ownership change within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. With certain exceptions, the By-Laws generally prohibit a person from becoming a “Section 382 five-percent shareholder” by acquiring, directly or by attribution, 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. Inflation Reduction Act On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law and includes several tax changes, notably a new 15% minimum tax on the book income of large corporations and a 1% excise tax on most stock buybacks. The IRA did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial results. Refer to “Note 16: Common and Preferred Stock” for further information about excise tax on stock buybacks.

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