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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of Income Before Income Taxes

The components of the Company’s income before income taxes are as follows:

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		2018				2017				2016
Loss before income taxes:
Domestic		$	(59,233	)		$	(75,965	)		$	(53,868	)
Foreign		16,005				18,444				14,056
Total		$	(43,228	)		$	(57,521	)		$	(39,812	)

Components of Income Tax Provision

The components of income tax provision for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:

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		2018				2017				2016
Current:
U.S. federal		$	(5,882	)		$	(83	)		$	(2,110	)
State		286				741				30
Foreign		10,621				12,711				8,099
Total		5,025				13,369				6,019

Deferred:
U.S. federal		(322		)		—				(1,245		)
State		3				1,097				—
Foreign		(2,671		)		(6,664		)		(5,321		)
Total		(2,990		)		(5,567		)		(6,566		)
Total income tax provision (benefit)		$	2,035			$	7,802			$	(547	)

Schedule of Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation

The overall effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 as follows:

		% of Pretax Income
		2018			2017			2016
Tax provision based on the federal statutory rate		21.0	%		35.0	%		35.0	%
Increase in valuation allowances		(34.8	)		48.8			(58.5	)
Global intangible low-taxed income inclusion		(6.6	)		—			—
One-Time transition tax		(2.8	)		(16.5	)		—
Nondeductible expenses		(2.3	)		(3.3	)		(1.1	)
Taxes related to distributions		(2.3	)		—			—
Foreign income tax rate differential		(1.5	)		—			3.1
Deemed income related to foreign operations		(1.5	)		(4.1	)		(8.4	)
Foreign tax rate change		(1.4	)		2.2			—
Employee share-based payments		0.1			(13.2	)		—
Other		0.6			2.9			1.7
Deferred tax adjustments		0.9			(1.1	)		13.0
State taxes, net of federal benefit, before valuation allowance		2.4			1.0			3.9
Return to provision adjustments		2.7			2.0			18.8
Foreign tax credits related to above		—			—			6.5
Other tax credits		5.1			—			—
U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act - rate change adjustment		6.4			(65.9	)		—
Uncertain tax positions and audit settlements		9.4			(1.4	)		(25.1	)
Foreign exchange loss		—			—			9.4
Impairment of definite lived intangibles		—			—			3.1
Effective tax rate		(4.6	)%		(13.6	)%		1.4	%

Components of Net Deferred Income Tax Assets and Net Deferred Income Tax Liabilities

The components of the Company’s net deferred income tax assets and net deferred income tax liabilities at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

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(in thousands)		2018				2017
Deferred income tax assets:
Intangibles		$	22,530			$	24,232
Stock options and restricted stock awards		5,916				5,988
Reserves and allowances		15,656				11,308
Net operating loss carryforwards		41,356				35,004
Tax credit carryforwards		13,669				10,908
Accrued liabilities		3,040				3,011
Deferred revenue		5,036				4,629
Valuation allowance		(95,398		)		(80,796		)
Total deferred income tax assets		11,805				14,284

Deferred income tax liabilities:
Intangibles		6,994				11,301
Property, plant and equipment		5,265				7,304
Liabilities related to distributions		997				—
Other		522				642
Total deferred income tax liabilities		13,778				19,247

Net deferred income tax liabilities		$	(1,973	)		$	(4,963	)

Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

		Unrecognized Tax Benefits
(in thousands)		2018				2017				2016
Balance at January 1		$	(18,310	)		$	(18,251	)		$	(8,296	)
Increases related to prior year tax positions		(1,400		)		(4,104		)		(2,658		)
Decreases related to prior year tax positions		8,272				4,045				—
Increases related to current year tax positions		(1,593		)		—				(7,297		)
Balance at December 31		$	(13,031	)		$	(18,310	)		$	(18,251	)

Summary of Deferred Income Tax Asset Valuation Allowance

The following presents the changes in the balance of the Company’s deferred income tax asset valuation allowance:

Year Ended		Item		Balance at beginning of year				Additions (reductions) charged to expense				Other				Balance at end of year
2018		Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance		$	80,796			$	14,602			$	—			$	95,398
2017		Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance		109,913				(28,071		)		(1,046		)		80,796
2016		Deferred income tax asset valuation allowance		107,312				20,450				(17,849		)		109,913

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of unrecognized tax benefits for which a material change is reasonably possible in the next twelve months, typically including the nature of the uncertainty, the event(s) that could cause a material change, and an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change or a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. An unrecognized tax benefit is the difference between a tax position taken in a tax return and the amounts recognized in the financial statements for which it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the position, that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination.

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