Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

(8) Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets with Finite Lives

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company's intangible assets with finite lives were as follows:


	2023						2022
(in thousands)	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Useful Life Remaining (in years)
Intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer relationships	$	54,565	$	(52,796)	$	1,769	$	51,137	$	(48,695)	$	2,442	3.9
Acquired technology	47,515		(13,268)		34,247		55,480		(10,707)		44,773		8.6
Trade names	26,938		(14,059)		12,879		35,930		(12,455)		23,475		7.6
Patent costs	19,579		(11,350)		8,229		18,673		(10,909)		7,764		9.2
Acquired patents	16,503		(14,822)		1,681		17,499		(15,661)		1,838		12.9
Other	13,711		(9,792)		3,919		13,255		(8,765)		4,490		7.3
Total intangible assets with finite lives	$	178,811	$	(116,087)	$	62,724	$	191,974	$	(107,192)	$	84,782	8.4

Indefinite-Life Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill)

As of December 31, 2022, the Company's total intangible assets reported on the consolidated balance sheet included an indefinite-life intangible asset balance of $5,448 related to IPR&D recorded in connection with the October 4, 2022 acquisition of dp polar. During the three months ended December 31, 2023, in connection with both the inability to reach economically favorable contract terms with dp polar's first potential customer and the Company's broader efforts to reduce operating costs (including the restructuring initiatives described in Note 25), the Company decided to cease the development of this IPR&D for the foreseeable future. As the IPR&D is not capable of generating revenue or positive cash flows without further development, the Company recorded a charge of $5,554 within impairments of goodwill and intangible assets on our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 to write off the carrying value of this foreign currency denominated asset as of the date of impairment.

Impairment of Intangible Assets with Finite Lives

dp polar

The Company's decision to cease the development of the dp polar IPR&D (as discussed above) represented a triggering event that required an assessment of whether the carrying value of the broader dp polar asset group was recoverable. dp polar represents an asset group because its identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities within the Company.

As dp polar is not capable of generating revenue or positive cash flows without the continued development of its IPR&D, the Company concluded that dp polar's long-lived assets, including the remaining carrying value of the trade name intangible asset recorded when dp polar was acquired, were fully impaired. Accordingly, the Company recorded a charge of $3,828 within impairments of goodwill and intangible assets on our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 to write-off dp polar's trade name.

Oqton MOS

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company concluded that it is more likely than not that the Company will sell or otherwise dispose of Oqton MOS, a business which the Company acquired in 2021. Oqton MOS represents an asset group within the Industrial Solutions segment, as its identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities within the segment. Based upon the Company's expectation that it will sell or otherwise dispose of Oqton MOS, the long-term cash flow forecast for this asset group was revised as of September 30, 2023. The revised long-term cash flow forecast indicated that the carrying amounts of Oqton MOS's long-lived assets, consisting primarily of product technology and trade name intangible assets initially recorded when Oqton MOS was acquired, may not be recoverable. Accordingly, the carrying value of Oqton MOS's long-lived assets (i.e., the asset group) was tested for impairment based upon an estimate of the associated discounted future cash flows. This fair value measurement approach required the use of Level 3 fair value measurement inputs, as defined in Note 24. As the present value of the estimated future cash flows expected to result from the remaining use and eventual disposition of the asset group was less than the carrying value of the asset group as of September 30, 2023 when this impairment test was performed, the Company recognized intangible asset impairment charges totaling $13,597 related to the acquired technology and trade names included in the Oqton MOS asset group, which amount has been reported within impairments of goodwill and intangible assets on our consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023. The use of forecasted cash flows for purposes of this impairment test represents the application of Level 3 fair value measurement inputs, as defined in Note 24.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company was still evaluating the strategic alternatives available for the sale, disposal or exit of Oqton MOS. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of this business continue to be classified as held and used as of December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 26 for details regarding the sale of Oqton Dental in May 2024.

Amortization of Intangible Assets with Finite Lives

Amortization expense related to our intangible assets with finite lives was $12,067, $15,480 and $10,469 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense is estimated to be $8,129 in 2024, $8,107 in 2025, $7,530 in 2026, $6,786 in 2027, and $6,298 in 2028.