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CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]  
CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES
NOTE 4. CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES
2029 Convertible Senior Notes
On November 7, 2024, we entered into an exchange agreement with SB Northstar LP (“SBN”), a subsidiary of SoftBank Group Corp., pursuant to which we agreed to exchange the remaining approximately $459.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our previously held 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2028 (the “2028 Notes”) outstanding for (i) $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (the “2029 Notes”), (ii) 20,451,570 shares of common stock (the “Exchange Shares”) and (iii) $50.0 million of cash (the “2024 Exchange Transaction”). The Exchange Shares were issued on November 21, 2024 (the “Closing Date”). The 2029 Notes, the Exchange Shares, and shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the 2029 Notes were subject to certain lock-up restrictions for a six-month period (the “Lock-Up Period”) beginning on the Closing Date of the 2024 Exchange Transaction.
Upon any conversion of the 2029 Notes, SBN will not be entitled to be issued a number of shares of the Company’s common stock which would cause SBN's beneficial ownership of common stock to exceed either 9.9% of the total number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock or 9.9% of the combined voting power of all of the securities of the Company, in each case, following such conversion.
The 2029 Notes are governed by an indenture (the “2029 Indenture”) between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.50% per annum. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15, commencing on February 15, 2025. The 2029 Notes will mature on August 15, 2029, subject to earlier conversion, redemption or repurchase.
The 2029 Notes are convertible at the option of the holder at any time from the expiration of the Lock-Up Period until the second scheduled trading day prior to the maturity date, including in connection with a redemption by the Company. The 2029 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock based on an initial conversion rate of 204.5157 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2029 Notes (which is equal to an initial conversion price of approximately $4.89 per share of common stock), in each case subject to customary anti-dilution and other adjustments as a result of certain extraordinary transactions. Upon conversion of the 2029 Notes, we may elect to settle such conversion obligation in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock.
On or after August 20, 2027, and prior to the 31st scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2029 Notes will be redeemable by the Company in the event that the closing sale price of our common stock has been at least 150% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide the redemption notice at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount of such 2029 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest up to, but excluding, the redemption date.
Upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change (as defined in the 2029 Indenture), the holders of the 2029 Notes may require that we repurchase all or part of the principal amount of the 2029 Notes at a purchase price of par plus unpaid interest up to, but excluding, the maturity date.
The 2029 Notes are subject to certain debt and lien covenants as well as springing guarantees, in each case, the terms of which are set forth in a second letter agreement between the Company and SBN entered into in connection with the Indenture.
The 2029 Indenture includes customary “events of default,” which may result in the acceleration of the maturity of the 2029 Notes under the 2029 Indenture. The 2029 Indenture also includes customary covenants for convertible notes of this type.
To the extent we elect, the sole remedy for an event of default relating to our failure to comply with certain of our reporting obligations shall, for the first 360 calendar days after the occurrence of such an event of default, consist exclusively of the right to receive additional interest on the 2029 Notes at a rate equal to (i) 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of the 2029 Notes outstanding for each day during the first 180 calendar days of the 360-day period after the occurrence of such an event of default during which such event of default is continuing (or, if earlier, the date on which such event of default is cured or waived) and (ii) 0.50% per annum of the principal amount of the 2029 Notes outstanding for each day from, and including, the 181st calendar day to, and including, the 360th calendar day after the occurrence of such an event of default during which such event of default is continuing (or, if earlier, the date on which such event of default is cured or waived as provided for in the 2029 Indenture). On the 361st day after such event of default (if the event of default relating to our failure to comply with its obligations is not cured or waived prior to such 361st day), the 2029 Notes shall be subject to acceleration as provided for in the 2029 Indenture.
The 2029 Notes are accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion. Under ASU 2020-06, the guidance requires that debt with an embedded conversion feature is accounted for in its entirety as a liability and no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the convertible debt instrument is accounted for as attributable to the conversion feature unless the conversion feature is required to be accounted for separately as an embedded derivative or the conversion feature results in a substantial premium. The conversion feature of the 2029 Notes is not accounted for as an embedded derivative because it is considered to be indexed to our common stock, and the 2029 Notes were not issued at a substantial premium; therefore, the 2029 Notes are accounted for in their entirety as a liability. Because we may elect to settle any conversions entirely in shares, and because settlement in shares is the default settlement method, the liability is classified as non-current.
The requirement to repurchase the 2029 Notes, including unpaid interest to the maturity date in the event of a Fundamental Change, is considered a put option for certain periods requiring bifurcation under ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging. However, given the low probability of such a Fundamental Change occurring during the applicable periods, the value of the embedded derivative is immaterial.
The additional interest feature in the event of our failure to comply with certain reporting obligations is also considered an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation under ASC 815. However, due to the nature and terms of the reporting obligations, the value of the embedded derivative is immaterial.
The exchange qualified as a troubled debt restructuring under ASC 470-60 – Troubled Debt Restructurings by Debtors. Since the undiscounted cash flows of the 2029 Notes were less than the carrying amount of the exchanged 2028 Notes, the carrying value of the 2029 Notes was determined based on the total undiscounted cash flows. As a result, no interest expense will be recognized for the 2029 Notes. The Company recorded a gain on debt restructuring of $154.4 million, which resulted in a decrease of basic net loss per share of $0.56, during the year ended December 31, 2024 in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The gain was calculated as the difference between the carrying amount of the old debt and the carrying amount of the new debt, adjusted for debt issuance costs.
We incurred issuance costs related to the 2029 Notes of approximately $3.1 million, including $0.2 million of lender fees, which were recorded as a reduction to the gain on debt restructuring in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. We also paid accrued but unpaid interest of $1.8 million on the 2028 Notes in connection with the 2024 Exchange Transaction.
We did not receive any cash proceeds from the 2024 Exchange Transaction. In exchange for issuing the 2029 Notes, Exchange Shares and paying $50.0 million of cash pursuant to the 2024 Exchange Transaction, we received and cancelled the exchanged 2028 Notes. Following the closing of the 2024 Exchange Transaction, no amounts were outstanding on the 2028 Notes.
The carrying amount of the liability for the 2029 Notes as of September 30, 2025 is $212.0 million, of which $209.0 million is included as convertible senior notes, net, non-current, and $3.0 million is included as accrued expenses on our consolidated balance sheets.
Changes to the 2029 Notes during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 were as follows:
(In thousands)
Carrying amount as of December 31, 2024
$214,200 
Contractual interest expense(2,200)
Carrying amount as of September 30, 2025
$212,000 
As of September 30, 2025, the estimated fair value (Level 2) of the 2029 Notes was $169.4 million. The fair value of the 2029 Notes is estimated using a binomial lattice model that is primarily affected by the trading price of our common stock, market interest rates and volatility.
2030 Convertible Senior Notes
In June 2023, we entered into a privately negotiated exchange agreement with a holder of our outstanding 2028 Notes, pursuant to which we issued $441.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 1.375% Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 (the “2030 Notes” and together with the 2029 Notes, the “Notes”) in exchange for $441.0 million principal amount of the 2028 Notes (the “2023 Exchange Transaction”), pursuant to exemptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and the rules and regulations thereunder. The 2030 Notes were issued on June 30, 2023.
The 2030 Notes are governed by an indenture (the “2030 Indenture”) between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee. The 2030 Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.375% per annum. Interest on the 2030 Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15, commencing on December 15, 2023. The 2030 Notes will mature on December 15, 2030, subject to earlier conversion, redemption or repurchase.
The 2030 Notes are convertible at the option of the holder at any time until the second scheduled trading day prior to the maturity date, including in connection with a redemption by the Company. The 2030 Notes are convertible into shares of our common stock based on an initial conversion rate of 46.5116 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2030 Notes (which is equal to an initial conversion price of approximately $21.50 per share of common stock), in each case subject to customary anti-dilution and other adjustments as a result of certain extraordinary transactions. Upon conversion of the 2030 Notes, we may elect to settle such conversion obligation in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock.
On or after June 20, 2028, and prior to the 31st scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2030 Notes will be redeemable by the Company in the event that the closing sale price of our common stock has been at least 150% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not
consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide the redemption notice at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount of such 2030 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest up to, but excluding, the redemption date.
Upon the occurrence of a Fundamental Change (as defined in the 2030 Indenture), the holders of the 2030 Notes may require that we repurchase all or part of the principal amount of the 2030 Notes at a purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be repurchased, plus any accrued and unpaid interest up to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date, and all unpaid interest from the fundamental change repurchase date thereon, but excluding, the maturity date.
The 2030 Indenture includes customary “events of default,” which may result in the acceleration of the maturity of the 2030 Notes under the 2030 Indenture. The 2030 Indenture also includes customary covenants for convertible notes of this type.
To the extent we elect, the sole remedy for an event of default relating to our failure to comply with certain of our reporting obligations shall, for the first 360 calendar days after the occurrence of such an event of default, consist exclusively of the right to receive additional interest on the 2030 Notes at a rate equal to (i) 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of the 2030 Notes outstanding for each day during the first 180 calendar days of the 360-day period after the occurrence of such an event of default during which such event of default is continuing (or, if earlier, the date on which such event of default is cured or waived) and (ii) 0.50% per annum of the principal amount of the 2030 Notes outstanding for each day from, and including, the 181st calendar day to, and including, the 360th calendar day after the occurrence of such an event of default during which such event of default is continuing (or, if earlier, the date on which such event of default is cured or waived as provided for in the 2030 Indenture). On the 361st day after such event of default (if the event of default relating to our failure to comply with its obligations is not cured or waived prior to such 361st day), the 2030 Notes shall be subject to acceleration as provided for in the 2030 Indenture.
The 2030 Notes are accounted for in accordance with the authoritative guidance for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion. Under ASU 2020-06, the guidance requires that debt with an embedded conversion feature is accounted for in its entirety as a liability and no portion of the proceeds from the issuance of the convertible debt instrument is accounted for as attributable to the conversion feature unless the conversion feature is required to be accounted for separately as an embedded derivative or the conversion feature results in a substantial premium. The conversion feature of the 2030 Notes is not accounted for as an embedded derivative because it is considered to be indexed to our common stock, and the 2030 Notes were not issued at a substantial premium; therefore, the 2030 Notes are accounted for in their entirety as a liability. Because we may elect to settle any conversions entirely in shares, and because settlement in shares is the default settlement method, the liability is classified as non-current.
The requirement to repurchase the 2030 Notes, including unpaid interest to the maturity date in the event of a Fundamental Change, is considered a put option for certain periods requiring bifurcation under ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging. However, given the low probability of such a Fundamental Change occurring during the applicable periods, the value of the embedded derivative is immaterial.
The additional interest feature in the event of our failure to comply with certain reporting obligations is also considered an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation under ASC 815. However, due to the nature and terms of the reporting obligations, the value of the embedded derivative is immaterial.
The 2023 Exchange Transaction was accounted for as an extinguishment driven by the change in fair value of the embedded conversion option. We recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $2.0 million in connection with the 2023 Exchange Transaction during the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents the difference between the fair value and the principal amount of the 2030 Notes of the debt at the modification date, plus unamortized debt issuance costs of $1.5 million related to the respective portion of the 2028 Notes.
We incurred issuance costs related to the 2030 Notes of approximately $7.3 million, which were recorded as debt issuance costs and are presented as a reduction to the 2030 Notes on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The debt issuance costs are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2030 Notes, resulting in an effective interest rate of 1.6%. We also paid accrued but unpaid interest of $2.5 million on the 2028 Notes in connection with the 2023 Exchange Transaction on June 30, 2023.
We did not receive any cash proceeds from the 2023 Exchange Transaction. In exchange for issuing the 2030 Notes pursuant to the 2023 Exchange Transaction, we received and cancelled the exchanged 2028 Notes.
Following the closing of the 2023 Exchange Transaction, $459.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2028 Notes remained outstanding with terms unchanged.
The net carrying amount of the liability for the 2030 Notes is included as convertible senior notes, net, non-current in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows:
(In thousands)
September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Principal amount$441,000 $441,000 
Unamortized debt premium398 453 
Unamortized debt issuance costs(5,239)(5,959)
Net carrying amount$436,159 $435,494 
Interest expense for the 2030 Notes was as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)
2025202420252024
Contractual interest expense$1,516 $1,516 $4,548 $4,565 
Amortization of debt issuance costs241 237 720 712 
Total interest expense$1,757 $1,753 $5,268 $5,277 
As of September 30, 2025, the estimated fair value (Level 2) of the 2030 Notes was $314.5 million. The fair value of the 2030 Notes is estimated using a binomial lattice model that is primarily affected by the trading price of our common stock, market interest rates and volatility.
2028 Convertible Senior Notes
On February 9, 2021, we entered into an investment agreement with SBN relating to the issuance and sale to SBN of $900.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes. The 2028 Notes were issued on February 16, 2021 and bore interest at a rate of 1.50% per annum. As discussed above, in June 2023 we completed an exchange of $441.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2028 Notes for $441.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes, leaving approximately $459.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2028 Notes outstanding. Also as discussed above, in November 2024 we completed an exchange of the remaining $459.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes outstanding for (i) $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes, (ii) the Exchange Shares and (iii) $50.0 million of cash. As of December 31, 2024 no amounts were outstanding on the 2028 Notes.
We incurred issuance costs related to the 2028 Notes of approximately $4.5 million, which were recorded as debt issuance costs and are presented as a reduction to the 2028 Notes on our consolidated balance sheets. The debt issuance costs were amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2028 Notes, resulting in an effective interest rate of 1.6%. In connection with the 2024 Exchange Transaction, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs related to the 2028 Notes of $1.1 million were extinguished by offsetting the carrying amount of the convertible senior notes.
Interest expense for the 2028 Notes was as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)2025202420252024
Contractual interest expense$— $1,721 $— $5,163 
Amortization of debt issuance costs— 81 — 243 
Total interest expense$— $1,802 $— $5,406