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Note 9 - Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
9.
Income Taxes
:
 
Our quarterly tax provision and our quarterly estimate of our annual effective tax rate is subject to significant volatility due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting our income before taxes and taxable income and loss and the
mix of jurisdictions to which they relate, changes in law and relative changes of expenses or losses for which tax benefits are
not
recognized.  Additionally, our effective tax rate can be more or less volatile based on the amount of income before taxes.  For example, the impact of discrete items and non-deductible expenses on our effective tax rate is greater when our income before taxes is lower. 
 
For the
three
months
ended
September 30, 2017,
the Company recorded an income tax provision of
$1.0
million, or
30.9%
of pre-tax income, compared to an income tax provision of
$0.5
 million on loss before taxes of
$1.3
million for the
three
months ended
September 30, 2016
resulting in an effective tax rate of negative
36.4%.
The tax provision recorded for the
three
months ended
September 30, 2017
included a
$0.3
million favorable return to provision adjustment. The tax provision recorded for the
three
months ended
September 30, 2016
is primarily a result of an increase in tax expense from state and local income taxes applied against forecasted income for
2016
and discrete tax expense recorded during the
third
quarter of
2016,
applied against a net loss for the quarter.
 
For the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2017,
the Company recorded an income tax provision of
$5.7
million, or
28.0%
of pre-tax income, compared to an income tax provision of
$3.4
million, or
77.0%,
for the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2016.
In the
first
quarter of
2017,
the Company made an out-of-period adjustment to correct and record previously unrecognized deferred tax assets, and the associated tax benefit, related to the SERP. The adjustment, which accumulated since the inception of the plan in
2005,
resulted in an increase to after-tax income of
$1.9
million in the
first
quarter of
2017.
  The Company determined that this adjustment was
not
material to its current or prior period consolidated financial statements. During the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2016,
the Company recorded a valuation allowance of
$0.8
million to reduce certain state deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than
not
to be realized. The valuation allowance increased the Company’s effective tax rate by
18.3%
for the
nine
months ended
September 30, 2016.