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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] |
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS | DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS The Company enters into derivative instruments, which may include interest rate swaps and interest rate options, in connection with our risk-management activities. Our primary objective for using derivative financial instruments is to manage interest rate risk associated with our fixed-rate and variable-rate assets and liabilities. Interest Rate Risk We monitor our mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate assets and liabilities and may enter into interest rate swaps, forwards, and options to achieve a more desired mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate assets and liabilities. We execute these trades to modify our exposure to interest rate risk by converting certain fixed-rate instruments to a variable-rate and certain variable-rate instruments to a fixed-rate. We use a mix of both derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting treatment and economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. Derivatives qualifying for hedge accounting treatment can include receive-fixed swaps designated as fair value hedges of specific fixed-rate unsecured debt obligations, receive-fixed swaps designated as fair value hedges of specific fixed-rate FHLB advances, and pay-fixed swaps designated as fair value hedges of securities within our available-for-sale portfolio. Other derivatives qualifying for hedge accounting consist of interest rate floor contracts designated as cash flow hedges of the expected future cash flows in the form of interest receipts on a portion of our commercial and commercial real estate loans. Both the fair value hedges and cash flow hedges were determined to be effective during all periods presented and the Company expects the hedges to remain effective during the remaining terms of the swaps. We have the ability to execute economic hedges, which could consist of interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, forwards, and options to mitigate interest rate risk. We also enter into interest rate lock commitments and forward commitments that are executed as part of our mortgage business that do not meet the accounting definition of hedges, as well as interest rate swap contracts sold to commercial customers who wish to modify their interest rate sensitivity. These swaps are offset by contracts simultaneously purchased by the Company from other financial dealer institutions with mirror-image terms. Because of the mirror-image terms of the offsetting contracts, in addition to collateral provisions which mitigate the impact of non-performance risk, changes in the fair value subsequent to initial recognition have a minimal effect on earnings. Balance Sheet Presentation The following table summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments reported on our consolidated balance sheet. The amounts are presented on a gross basis, are segregated by derivatives that are designated and qualifying as hedging instruments or those that are not, and are further segregated by type of contract within those two categories. Derivative assets and derivative liabilities are included in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheet. Notional amounts are reference amounts from which contractual obligations are derived and are not recorded on the balance sheet. In our view, derivative notional is not an accurate measure of our derivative exposure when viewed in isolation from other factors, such as market rate fluctuations and counterparty credit risk.
| December 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023 (restated)
| Fair Value |  |  |  | Fair Value |  |
(dollars in thousands) | Assets |  | Liabilities |  | Notional amount |  | Assets |  | Liabilities |  | Notional amount
Derivatives designated as accounting hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities | $ | 2,653 |  |  | $ | 654 |  |  | $ | 167,363 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,324 |  |  | $ | 150,000 |
Pools of commercial and commercial real estate loans | — |  |  | 4,502 |  |  | 200,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,654 |  |  | 200,000 |
FHLB advances, brokered CDs and other borrowings | 863 |  |  | 281 |  |  | 75,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 465 |  |  | 50,000 |
Total derivatives designated as accounting hedges | $ | 3,516 |  |  | $ | 5,437 |  |  | $ | 442,363 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 8,443 |  |  | $ | 400,000 |
Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Swaps | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 54,390 |  |  | $ | 310 |  |  | $ | 310 |  |  | $ | 13,832 |
Interest rate lock commitments | 71 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,907 |  |  | 62 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,405 |
Forward commitments to sell mortgage-backed securities | 32 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,198 |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | 5,000 |
Total derivatives not designated as accounting hedges | $ | 321 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 68,495 |  |  | $ | 372 |  |  | $ | 393 |  |  | $ | 21,237 |
The following table presents amounts recorded in the consolidated balance sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges.
| Carrying amount of the hedged items |  | Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the carrying amount of the hedged items
(dollars in thousands) | December 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023 (restated) |  | December 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023 (restated)
Investment securities available for sale | $ | 286,982 |  |  | $ | 220,501 |  |  | $ | 3,323 |  |  | $ | (1,324) |
Statement of Income Presentation The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments in fair value hedging relationships on the consolidated statements of income.
| Location of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative |  | Gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative |  | Location of gain (loss) recognized in income on related hedged item |  | Gain (loss) recognized in income on related hedged items
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023
Years Ended December 31, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on fair value hedging relationships |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed-rate mortgage-backed securities | Interest income on investment securities available for sale |  | $ | 9,341 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Interest income on investment securities available for sale |  | $ | (9,484) |  |  | $ | — |
The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments in cash flow hedging relationships on the consolidated statements of income.
| Gain (loss) recognized in AOCI on derivative |  | Location of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative |  |  |  | Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into income
(dollars in thousands) | 2024 |  | 2023 (restated) |  | 2022 (restated) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023 (restated) |  | 2022 (restated)
Years Ended December 31, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pools of commercial and commercial real estate loans | $ | (3,705) |  |  | $ | (2,242) |  |  | $ | 2,551 |  |  | Interest income on loans |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (5,857) |  |  | $ | (5,588) |  |  | $ | 113 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  | Other noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,531 |
FHLB advances, brokered CDs and other borrowings | 2,013 |  |  | (210) |  |  | — |  |  | Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  | 966 |  |  | 324 |  |  | — |
Total gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships | $ | (1,692) |  |  | $ | (2,452) |  |  | $ | 2,551 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (4,891) |  |  | $ | (5,264) |  |  | $ | 17,644 |
During the next 12 months, we estimate $1.9 million of losses will be reclassified into pretax earnings from derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. The following table summarizes the effect of derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedges on the consolidated statements of income.
(dollars in thousands) | Location of gain (loss) recognized in income on derivative |  |  |  |  | 2024 |  | 2023 (restated) |  | 2022 (restated)
Years Ended December 31, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedges |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate contracts | Residential mortgage banking revenue |  |  |  |  | $ | 123 |  |  | $ | (70) |  |  | $ | (269) |
| Other income |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  | (88) |
Total gain (loss) on derivative instruments not designated as accounting hedges |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 123 |  |  | $ | (55) |  |  | $ | (357) |
Credit Enhancement Derivatives The Company has recognized derivative instruments associated with agreements entered into with third-party providers that support loan programs for which the Company originates and holds loans on its balance sheet. These third-party agreements include contractual credit enhancements that transfer certain risks and benefits to or from the Company, resulting in recognition of a derivative. The value of these derivatives consists primarily of two components: (1) the credit loss reimbursement value, representing the present value of expected future payments from the third party for loan losses, and (2) the interest yield guarantee value, representing the present value of cash flows the Company expects to receive to ensure a minimum yield (e.g., Prime + 2%) on the portfolio when actual borrower payments fall short. Under certain programs, additional features such as reimbursement for waived promotional interest are also included in the derivative valuation. The fair value of these derivative instruments was $16.8 million and $15.4 million as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company utilizes a third-party valuation specialist to estimate fair value using the income approach, based on the present value of expected future cash flows. The valuation relies on Level 3 unobservable inputs, including assumptions regarding credit loss rates, borrower prepayments, program yield performance, and discount rates. Changes in fair value are recorded in noninterest income, and the Company does not apply hedge accounting to these instruments The following table summarizes the most significant inputs and assumptions in determining the value of the credit enhancement derivatives as well as the resulting fair value as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:
|  |  |  |  | December 31, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
|  |  |  |  | MacTools commercial portfolio |  | Greensky consumer portfolio |  | LendingPoint consumer portfolio |  | MacTools commercial portfolio
Weighted average interest rate |  |  |  |  | 9.50 | % |  | 10.47 | % |  | 14.62 | % |  | 10.50 | %
Implied/selected cohort default rate (CDR) |  |  |  |  | 15.00 | % |  | 4.02 | % |  | 17.50 | % |  | 15.00 | %
Selected LGD |  |  |  |  | 85.00 | % |  | 85.00 | % |  | 85.00 | % |  | 85.00 | %
Annual expected loss |  |  |  |  | 12.75 | % |  | 3.42 | % |  | 14.88 | % |  | 12.75 | %
Credit mark |  |  |  |  | (20.66) | % |  | (7.18) | % |  | (23.82) | % |  | (23.32) | %
Interest mark |  |  |  |  | 10.04 | % |  | 3.29 | % |  | 13.23 | % |  | 13.01 | %
Fair value of derivative |  |  |  |  | 10.61 | % |  | 1.56 | % |  | (0.34) | % |  | 10.31 | %
The LendingPoint consumer portfolio was sold during the fourth quarter of 2024. The GreenSky consumer portfolio was written down to net realizable value and classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2024.

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