XML 31 R23.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.26.1
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
The Company’s consolidated financial statements contained in this report have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Reference is frequently made herein to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). This is the source of authoritative GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied to
non-governmental
entities.
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the Company’s accounts and the accounts of its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The most significant estimates and assumptions in the Company’s consolidated financial statements relate to accrued research and development expense and valuation of equity-based instruments issued for other than cash. These estimates and assumptions are based on current facts, historical experience and various other factors believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the recording of expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially and adversely from these estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and actual results, the Company’s future results of operations will be affected.
Risks and Uncertainties
Risks and Uncertainties
The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties common to early-stage companies in the biotechnology industry, including, but not limited to, development by competitors of new technological innovations, protection of proprietary technology, dependence on key personnel, reliance on single-source vendors and collaborators, availability of raw materials, patentability of the Company’s products and processes and clinical efficacy and safety of the Company’s products under development, compliance with government regulations and the need to obtain additional financing to fund operations.
There can be no assurance that the Company’s research and development will be successfully completed, that adequate protection for the Company’s intellectual property will be obtained or maintained, that any products developed will obtain necessary government regulatory approval or that any approved products will be commercially viable. Even if the Company’s product development efforts are successful, it is uncertain when, if ever, the Company will generate significant revenue from product sales. The Company operates in an environment of rapid technological change and substantial competition from other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. In addition, the Company is dependent upon the services of its employees, consultants and other third parties.
Segment Reporting
Segment Reporting
Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision-maker in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company views its operations and manages its business in one operating segment.
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The Company’s functional currency and reporting currency is the United States dollar. BBL’s functional currency is the Australian dollar (AUD). Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during the reporting period. Equity transactions are translated at each historical transaction date spot rate. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a component of stockholders’ equity as “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency translation are included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss as other comprehensive income (loss).
Other comprehensive income (loss) for all periods presented consists entirely of foreign currency translation gains and losses.
As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the exchange rates used to translate amounts in Australian dollars into USD for the purposes of preparing the consolidated financial statements were as follows: 
 
 
  
June 30,
2025
 
  
June 30,
2024
 
Exchange rate on balance sheet dates
  
  
USD: AUD Exchange Rate
     0.6551        0.6670  
Average exchange rate for the period
     
USD: AUD Exchange Rate
     0.6475        0.6559  
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities in accordance with GAAP using ASC 820,
Fair Value Measurements
. For certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.
The Company follows accounting guidance for financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. The guidance utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

 
Level 1:
 
Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2:
 
Inputs, other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3:
 
Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore developed using estimates and assumptions developed by us, which reflect those that a market participant would use.
As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company had
no
financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and at banks,
short
-term deposits with an original maturity of three months
or
less with financial institutions. There were no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 and 2024.
Restricted cash balances of $113 thousand and $63
 
thousand as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, are used to secure the Company’s credit card.
Concentrations of Risk
Concentrations of Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash. The Company maintains deposits at federally insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts, and management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which those deposits are held.
Trade and Other Receivables
Trade and Other Receivables
The Company estimates current expected credit losses in accordance with ASC 326- Financial Instruments – Credit Losses on trade and other receivables on an ongoing basis, and will recognize those expected credit losses immediately. Estimates of current expected credit losses will be based on analyses of individual customer circumstances and historical
write-off
experience. The Company’s analyses will consider the aging of receivable accounts, customer creditworthiness, and general economic conditions. No credit losses were recorded during the 2025 and 2024 fiscal years presented.
Property and Equipment
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred; additions, renewals, and improvements are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations.
 
Software   
3-4
years
Lab equipment   
3-7
years
Computer hardware   
3-5
years
Leasehold improvements    shorter of the lease term or estimated useful lives
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Property and equipment and operating lease right-o
f
-use assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable.
Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables
These amounts represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of the period and which are unpaid. Due to their short-term nature, they are measured at cost and are not discounted. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 30 days of recognition.
Leases
Leases
At lease commencement, the Company records a lease liability based on the present value of lease payments over the expected lease term. The Company calculates the present value of lease payments using the discount rate implicit in the lease, unless that rate cannot be readily determined. In that case, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, which is the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis an amount equal to the lease payments over the expected lease term. The Company records a corresponding
right-of-use
lease asset based on the lease liability, adjusted for any lease incentives received and any initial direct costs paid to the lessor prior to the lease commencement date.
After lease commencement, the Company measures its leases as follows: (i) the lease liability based on the present value of the remaining lease payments using the discount rate determined at lease commencement; and (ii) the
right-of-use
lease asset based on the remeasured lease liability, adjusted for any unamortized lease incentives received, any unamortized initial direct costs and the cumulative difference between rent expense and amounts paid under the lease agreement. Any lease incentives received and any initial direct costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. Rent expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.
Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when the Company is reasonably certain that it will exercise the option. Certain lease agreements may contain variable costs such as utilities and common area maintenance. Variable lease costs are expensed when the cost is incurred.
The Company elected the short-term lease practical expedient that allows entities to recognize lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term for leases with a term of 12 months or less. The Company has also elected the practical expedient under ASC Topic 842 allowing entities to not separate
non-lease
components from lease components, but instead account for such components as a single lease component for all leases.
Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus potential common shares. Stock options, warrants and convertible instruments are considered potential common shares and are included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share using the treasury stock method when their effect is dilutive. Potential common shares are excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share when their effect is anti-dilutive. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, there were 10,074,825 and 18,107,892 potential common shares, respectively, that were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect was anti-dilutive.
Basic
and diluted
 
weighted average shares outstanding for the years ended
June 30,
 
2025 and 2024 include 15,270,811 and 17,345,394, respectively, shares underlying pre-funded warrants to purchase common shares. As the shares underlying these pre-funded warrants can be issued for little consideration (an exercise price per share equal to $0.0001 per share), these shares are deemed to be issued for purposes of basic earnings per share.
Correction of Immaterial Errors
Correction of Immaterial Error
s
During the third quarter of 2025, the Company identified an immaterial error in the Company’s previously issued consolidated financial statements related to weighted-average number of common shares outstanding within the net loss per share computation. The error pertains to the exclusion of
pre-funded
warrants from the weighted-average number of common shares used in the computation of net loss per share. The Company assessed materiality, including qualitative and quantitative factors, and determined the error is immaterial to both the current and prior periods. The Company has revised the comparative net loss per share information as presented and disclosed within these consolidated financial statements. The revision had no effect on the consolidated balance sheet, consolidated statements of cash flows, consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity, or to reported net losses. During the year ended June 30, 2025, the Company identified an immaterial error in the Company’s previously issued March 31, 2024 unaudited interim condensed consolidated, June 30, 2024 annual audited consolidated, and September 30, 2024 unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements related to the computation of share-based compensation expense resulting from inaccurate system configuration. The Company assessed materiality, including qualitative and quantitative factors, and determined the error is immaterial to the aforementioned prior periods. The Company has recorded a cumulative catch up
out-of-period
adjustment within the December 31, 2024 unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statement. See Note 3, Restatement of Prior Period Financial Statements, for further information.
Research and Development Expense
Research and Development Expense
Research and development expenses relate primarily to the cost of conducting clinical and
pre-clinical
trials.
Pre-clinical
and clinical development costs are a significant component of research and development expenses. The Company records accrued liabilities for estimated costs of research and development activities conducted by third-party service providers, which include the conduct of
pre-clinical
studies and clinical trials, and contract manufacturing activities. The Company records the estimated costs of research and development activities based upon the estimated amount of services provided but not yet invoiced and includes these costs in trade and other payables on the consolidated balance sheets and within research and development expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
The Company accrues for these costs based on factors such as estimates of the work completed and in accordance with agreements established with its third-party service providers. The Company makes significant judgments and estimates in determining the accrued liabilities balance at the end of each reporting period. As actual costs become known, the Company adjusts its accrued liabilities. The Company has not experienced any material differences between accrued costs and actual costs incurred.
Share-based Compensation Expense
Share-based Compensation Expense
The Company records share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Stock Compensation. ASC 718 requires the fair value of all share-based compensation awarded to employees and non-employees to be recorded as an expense over the shorter of the service period or the vesting period. The Company determines employee and non-employee share-based compensation based on the grant-date fair value using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model.
Under ASC 718, the exercise price for share-based compensation is determined using the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. For an award with graded vesting subject only to a service condition (e.g., time-based vesting), ASC 718-10-35-8 provides an accounting policy choice between graded vesting attribution or straight-line attribution. The Company elects the graded vesting method, recognizing compensation expense for only the portion of awards expected to vest. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur and records compensation cost assuming all option holders will complete the requisite service period. If an award is forfeited, the Company reverses compensation expense previously recognized in the period the award is forfeited.
Common Stock Warrants
Common Stock Warrants
The Company accounts for its common stock warrants in accordance with ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). Based upon the provisions of ASC 480 and ASC 815, the Company accounts for common stock warrants as current liabilities if the warrant fails the equity classification criteria. The Company classifies certain warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock as equity on its consolidated balance sheets as these warrants are considered indexed to the Company’s shares of common stock. For warrants that do not meet the criteria of a liability warrant and are classified on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as equity instruments, the Company uses the Black-Scholes model to measure the value of the warrants at issuance.
The pre-funded warrants are immediately exercisable at a price of $
0.0001
per warrant, without any additional exercise restrictions, for the holder to receive the underlying common stock. Therefore, the fair value of the pre-funded warrant at issuance was determined to equal to the fair value of the common stock on the date the pre-funded warrant was issued.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company is subject to Australia and United States income tax laws. The Company follows ASC 740,
Accounting for Income Taxes
, when accounting for income taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for temporary differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount more likely than not to be realized. For uncertain tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold, the Company recognizes the benefit of uncertain tax positions in the consolidated financial statements. The Company’s practice is to recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss is defined as a change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances
from non-owner
sources. The Company records unrealized foreign currency translation gain (loss) which qualifies as other comprehensive income (loss).
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) No. 2023-07,
Segment Reporting
(Topic 280)
Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
, which requires disclosures about significant segment expenses and additional interim disclosure requirements. The standard also requires a single reportable segment company to provide all disclosures required by Topic 280. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 during the year ended June 30, 2025. See Note 13 for the segment disclosures as required by Topic 280, as amended by ASU 2023-07.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
Recently
Issued
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU
No. 2023-09,
Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
, which enhances the transparency, effectiveness, and comparability of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information related to income tax rate reconciliations and the jurisdictions in which income taxes are paid. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the ASU on its income tax disclosures within the consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU
2024-03—
Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures
(Subtopic 220-40)
, which requires entities, in the notes to financial statements, to disclose specified information about certain costs and expenses. The guidance is effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is assessing the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
The Company has implemented this ASU on its disclosures within the consolidated financial statements for the financial year ended June 30, 2025.