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BASIS OF PRESENTATION | 6 Months Ended
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Apr. 14, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
BASIS OF PRESENTATION | BASIS OF PRESENTATION Nature of operations — Jack in the Box Inc. (the “Company”), together with its consolidated subsidiaries, develops, operates, and franchises quick-service restaurants under the Jack in the Box® and Del Taco® restaurant brands. On March 8, 2022, the Company acquired Del Taco Restaurants, Inc. (“Del Taco”) for cash according to the terms and conditions of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 5, 2021. As of April 14, 2024, there were 144 company-operated and 2,051 franchise-operated Jack in the Box restaurants and 166 company-operated and 429 franchise-operated Del Taco restaurants. References to the Company throughout these notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are made using the first person notations of “we,” “us” and “our.” Basis of presentation — The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 1, 2023 (“2023 Form 10-K”). The accounting policies used in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements are the same as those described in our 2023 Form 10-K. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial condition and results of operations for these interim periods have been included. Operating results for one interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for any other interim period or for the full year. Fiscal year — The Company’s fiscal year is 52 or 53 weeks ending the Sunday closest to September 30. In fiscal 2023, Del Taco operated on a fiscal year ending the Tuesday closest to September 30. Beginning fiscal 2024, Del Taco’s fiscal year shifted to align with Jack in the Box. As a result, Del Taco’s fiscal 2024 results include two fewer days. Fiscal years 2024 and 2023 include 52 weeks. Our first quarter includes 16 weeks and all other quarters include 12 weeks. All comparisons between 2024 and 2023 refer to the 12 weeks (“quarter”) and 28 weeks (“year-to-date”) ended April 14, 2024 and April 16, 2023, respectively, unless otherwise indicated. Use of estimates — In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management is required to make certain assumptions and estimates that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and the disclosure of contingencies. In making these assumptions and estimates, management may from time to time seek advice and consider information provided by actuaries and other experts in a particular area. Actual amounts could differ materially from these estimates. Advertising costs — The Company administers marketing funds at each of its restaurant brands that include contractual contributions. In 2024 and 2023, marketing fund contributions from Jack in the Box franchise and company-operated restaurants were approximately 5.0% of sales, and marketing fund contributions from Del Taco franchise and company-operated restaurants were approximately 4.0% of sales. Year-to-date incremental contributions made by the Company for both brands were $0.2 million in 2024, and less than $0.1 million in 2023, respectively. Total contributions made by the Company are included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of earnings and for the quarter and year-to-date totaled $7.8 million and $18.2 million, respectively, in 2024, and $9.2 million and $21.3 million, respectively in 2023. Allowance for credit losses — The Company closely monitors the financial condition of our franchisees and estimates the allowance for credit losses based on the lifetime expected loss on receivables. These estimates are based on historical collection experience with our franchisees as well as other factors, including current market conditions and events. Credit quality is monitored through the timing of payments compared to predefined aging criteria and known facts regarding the financial condition of the franchisee or customer. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after recovery efforts have ceased. The following table summarizes the activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):
| Year-to-date
| April 14, 2024 |  | April 16, 2023
Balance as of beginning of period | $ | (4,146) |  |  | $ | (5,975) |
(Provision) reversal for expected credit losses | (233) |  |  | 1,911 |
Write-offs charged against the allowance | 6 |  |  | — |
Balance as of end of period | $ | (4,373) |  |  | $ | (4,064) |
Business combinations — The Company accounts for acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill. Goodwill and trademarks — Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired, if any. We generally record goodwill in connection with the acquisition of restaurants from franchisees or the acquisition of another business. Likewise, upon the sale of restaurants to franchisees, goodwill is decremented. The amount of goodwill written-off is determined as the fair value of the business disposed of as a percentage of the fair value of the reporting unit prior to the disposal. If the business disposed of was never fully integrated into the reporting unit after its acquisition, and thus the benefits of the acquired goodwill were never realized, the current carrying amount of the acquired goodwill is written off. Goodwill is not amortized and has been assigned to reporting units for purposes of impairment testing. The Company’s two restaurant brands, Jack in the Box and Del Taco, are both operating segments and reporting units. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment by determining whether the fair value of our reporting units exceed their carrying values. The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, or more frequently if events and circumstances warrant. The Company performs this testing during the third quarter of each year. Our impairment analyses first includes a qualitative assessment to determine whether events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. Significant factors considered in this assessment include, but are not limited to, macro-economic conditions, market and industry conditions, cost considerations, the competitive environment, share price fluctuations, overall financial performance, and results of past impairment tests. If the qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying value, we perform a quantitative impairment test. Recent accounting pronouncements — In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosure,” which updates reportable segment disclosure requirements. The ASU primarily requires enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and information used to assess segment performance and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this pronouncement in our disclosures, and does not expect it to have a significant impact. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The Company does not expect this pronouncement to have a significant impact.

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