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Information on Operating Segments | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
Information on Operating Segments | 17. Information on Operating Segments Effective January 1, 2024, the Company reorganized into two operating segments, the Americas and International. The Americas includes the U.S., Canada, Brazil, Mexico and Chile, and International includes EMEA, Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Prior period results have been reclassified to reflect this change in our operating segments. The new organization structure aligns with how our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), Thomas W. Tedford, President and Chief Executive Officer, analyzes and evaluates the Company's performance. The CODM reviews discrete financial results at the operating segment level to assess performance and allocate resources. This includes net revenue, gross margins, operating income, restructuring expense, components of working capital investments, and other ratio performance metrics. The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the CODM. The Company's two operating segments are as follows:
Operating Segment |  | Geography |  | Primary Brands |  | Primary Products
ACCO Brands Americas |  | United States, Canada and Latin America |  | Five Star®, PowerA®, Tilibra®, AT-A-GLANCE®, Kensington®, Quartet®, GBC®, Mead®, Swingline®, Barrilito®, Foroni® and Hilroy® |  | Note taking products, computer and gaming accessories; planners; workspace machines, tools and essentials and dry erase boards and accessories.
ACCO Brands International |  | EMEA, Australia/N.Z., and Asia |  | Leitz®, Rapid®, Kensington®, Esselte®, Rexel®, PowerA®, GBC®, NOBO®, Franken®, Derwent®, Marbig®, Artline®* and Spirax® *Australia/N.Z. only |  | Filing and organization products; workspace machines, tools and essentials; computer and gaming accessories; dry erase boards and accessories; and writing and art products.
Each operating segment designs, markets, sources, manufactures and sells recognized consumer, technology and business branded products used in schools, homes and at work. Product designs are tailored to end-user preferences in each geographic region, and where possible, leverage common engineering, design and sourcing. Customers We distribute our products through a wide variety of channels to ensure that our products are readily and conveniently available for purchase by consumers and other end-users, wherever they prefer to shop. These channels include mass retailers, e-tailers, discount, drug/grocery and variety chains, warehouse clubs, hardware and specialty stores, independent office product dealers, office superstores, wholesalers, contract stationers and specialist technology businesses. We also sell directly through e-commerce sites and our direct sales organization. The operating results regularly provided to the CODM for our operating segments for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2024 |
| ACCO Brands Americas |  | ACCO Brands International |  | Total |
Net sales | $ | 999.9 |  | $ | 666.3 |  | $ | 1,666.2 |
Cost of products sold |  | 666.0 |  |  | 444.8 |  |  | 1,110.8 |
Gross profit |  | 333.9 |  |  | 221.5 |  |  | 555.4 |
Sales and marketing expenses(1) |  | 115.2 |  |  | 91.5 |  |  | 206.7 |
Administrative expenses(2) |  | 64.9 |  |  | 51.9 |  |  | 116.8 |
Restructuring |  | 6.5 |  |  | 6.9 |  |  | 13.4 |
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets |  | 165.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 165.2 |
All other(3) |  | 27.6 |  |  | 17.1 |  |  | 44.7 |
Segment operating (loss) income |  | (45.5 | ) |  | 54.1 |  |  | 8.6 |
Corporate expense |  |  |  |  |  | 45.6 |
Total consolidated operating loss |  |  |  |  |  | (37.0 | )
Interest expense (income), net |  |  |  |  |  | 45.1 |
Non-operating pension expense |  |  |  |  |  | 6.1 |
Other (income) expense, net |  |  |  |  |  | (0.9 | )
Loss before income tax |  |  |  |  | $ | (87.3 | )
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2023 |
| ACCO Brands Americas |  | ACCO Brands International |  | Total |
Net Sales | $ | 1,135.7 |  | $ | 697.1 |  | $ | 1,832.8 |
Cost of products sold |  | 761.7 |  |  | 472.8 |  |  | 1,234.5 |
Gross profit |  | 374.0 |  |  | 224.3 |  |  | 598.3 |
Sales and marketing expenses(1) |  | 123.7 |  |  | 94.2 |  |  | 217.9 |
Administrative expenses(2) |  | 75.2 |  |  | 52.3 |  |  | 127.5 |
Restructuring |  | 16.7 |  |  | 9.9 |  |  | 26.6 |
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets |  | 89.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 89.5 |
All other(3) |  | 25.0 |  |  | 18.3 |  |  | 43.3 |
Segment operating income |  | 43.9 |  |  | 49.6 |  |  | 93.5 |
Corporate expense |  |  |  |  |  | 48.8 |
Total consolidated operating income |  |  |  |  |  | 44.7 |
Interest expense (income), net |  |  |  |  |  | 51.5 |
Non-operating pension expense |  |  |  |  |  | 1.8 |
Other expense (income), net |  |  |  |  |  | 4.5 |
Loss before income tax |  |  |  |  | $ | (13.1 | )
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2022 |
| ACCO Brands Americas |  | ACCO Brands International |  | Total |
Net Sales | $ | 1,200.4 |  | $ | 747.2 |  | $ | 1,947.6 |
Cost of products sold |  | 845.9 |  |  | 549.4 |  |  | 1,395.3 |
Gross profit |  | 354.5 |  |  | 197.8 |  |  | 552.3 |
Sales and marketing expenses(1) |  | 132.0 |  |  | 90.1 |  |  | 222.1 |
Administrative expenses(2) |  | 64.2 |  |  | 49.4 |  |  | 113.6 |
Restructuring |  | 6.0 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 9.4 |
Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets |  | 98.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 98.7 |
All other(3) |  | 24.9 |  |  | 16.3 |  |  | 41.2 |
Segment operating income |  | 28.7 |  |  | 38.6 |  |  | 67.3 |
Corporate expense |  |  |  |  |  | 32.5 |
Total consolidated operating income |  |  |  |  |  | 34.8 |
Interest expense (income), net |  |  |  |  |  | 37.3 |
Non-operating pension income |  |  |  |  |  | (4.5 | )
Other (income) expense, net |  |  |  |  |  | (12.9 | )
Income before income tax |  |  |  |  | $ | 14.9 |
(1) Sales and Marketing consists primarily of advertising, marketing, selling, customer service expenses and research and development. (2) Admin expense consists primarily of executive, finance, information technology and human resources expenses. (3) All other expense primarily consists of amortization and, for 2022, changes in the fair value of contingent earnout. The following table presents the measure of operating segment assets used by the Company’s CODM as of December 31, 2024 and 2023:
(in millions) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
ACCO Brands Americas |  | $ | 418.0 |  |  | $ | 533.5 |
ACCO Brands International |  |  | 201.3 |  |  |  | 224.7 |
Total segment assets(4) |  |  | 619.3 |  |  |  | 758.2 |
Goodwill |  |  | 446.4 |  |  |  | 590.0 |
Identifiable intangibles, net |  |  | 709.6 |  |  |  | 815.7 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  | 137.5 |  |  |  | 170.1 |
Unallocated assets(5) |  |  | 315.6 |  |  |  | 310.8 |
Total assets |  | $ | 2,228.4 |  |  | $ | 2,644.8 |
(4) Segment assets represent assets that are regularly provided to the CODM and consist of accounts receivable less allowances and inventory. (5) Unallocated assets consist primarily of cash, deferred taxes, derivatives, prepaid pension assets, prepaid debt issuance costs and right of use asset, leases. Capital spend by operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was as follows:
(in millions) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
ACCO Brands Americas |  | $ | 10.2 |  |  | $ | 7.7 |  |  | $ | 11.7 |
ACCO Brands International |  |  | 6.8 |  |  |  | 7.6 |  |  |  | 6.0 |
Total capital spend |  | $ | 17.0 |  |  | $ | 15.3 |  |  | $ | 17.7 |
Depreciation expense by operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was as follows:
(in millions) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
ACCO Brands Americas |  | $ | 19.2 |  |  | $ | 20.4 |  |  | $ | 23.8 |
ACCO Brands International |  |  | 9.2 |  |  |  | 12.3 |  |  |  | 14.1 |
Total depreciation |  | $ | 28.4 |  |  | $ | 32.7 |  |  | $ | 37.9 |
Property, plant and equipment, net by operating segment as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:
(in millions) |  | 2024 |  |  | 2023 |
U.S. |  | $ | 51.1 |  |  | $ | 68.2 |
Canada |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  | 1.5 |
Latin America |  |  | 22.7 |  |  |  | 29.1 |
ACCO Brands Americas |  |  | 74.7 |  |  |  | 98.8 |
ACCO Brands EMEA |  |  | 53.5 |  |  |  | 60.9 |
Australia/N.Z. |  |  | 8.7 |  |  |  | 9.5 |
Asia-Pacific |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.9 |
ACCO Brands International |  |  | 62.8 |  |  |  | 71.3 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | $ | 137.5 |  |  | $ | 170.1 |
Top Customers Net sales to our five largest customers totaled $532.9 million, $609.0 million and $663.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No customer exceeded 10 percent of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, our top five trade accounts receivable totaled $116.3 million and $138.1 million, respectively.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. 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