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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization and Principles of Consolidation These notes apply to the consolidated financial statements of Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. (the "Company", “NGSG”, "Natural Gas Services Group", "we" or "our") (a Colorado corporation). Natural Gas Services Group was formed on December 17, 1998 for the purposes of combining the operations of certain manufacturing, service and leasing entities. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiary, NGSG Properties, LLC and the rabbi trust associated with the Company’s deferred compensation plan, see Note 5. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions for the periods presented have been eliminated in consolidation. Nature of Operations Natural Gas Services Group is a leading provider of small to medium horsepower compression equipment to the natural gas industry, with an emerging position in the large horsepower market. We focus primarily on the non-conventional natural gas and oil production business in the United States (such as coal bed methane, gas shale, tight gas and oil shale). We manufacture, fabricate and rent natural gas compressors that enhance the production of natural gas wells. NGSG provides maintenance services for its natural gas compressors. In addition, we sell custom fabricated natural gas compressors to meet customer specifications dictated by well pressures, production characteristics and particular applications. We also manufacture and sell flare systems for oil and natural gas plant and production facilities. Use of Estimates The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires our management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include fixed asset lives, bad debt allowance and the allowance for inventory obsolescence. It is at least reasonably possible these estimates could be revised in the near term and the revisions could be material. Cash Equivalents For purposes of reporting cash flows, we consider all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable Our trade receivables consist of customer obligations for the sale of compressors and flare systems due under normal trade terms, and operating leases for the use of our natural gas compressors. The receivables are not collateralized except as provided for under lease agreements. However, we typically require deposits of as much as 50% or use of progress payments for large custom sales contracts. We extend credit based on management's assessment of the customer's financial condition, receivable aging, customer disputes and general business and economic conditions. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $569,000 and $597,000 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Management believes that the allowance is adequate; however, actual write-offs may exceed the recorded allowance. Revenue Recognition Revenue from the sales of custom and fabricated compressors, and flare systems is recognized when title passes to the customer, the customer assumes risks and rewards of ownership, collectability is reasonably assured and delivery occurs as directed by our customer. Exchange and rebuilt compressor revenue is recognized when both the replacement compressor has been delivered and the rebuild assessment has been completed. Revenue from compressor service and retrofitting services is recognized upon providing services to the customer. Maintenance agreement revenue is recognized as services are rendered. Rental revenue is recognized over the terms of the respective rental agreements. Deferred income represents payments received before a product is shipped. Revenue from the sale of rental units is included in sales revenue when equipment is shipped or title is transferred to the customer. From time to time, upon the customer’s written request, we recognize revenue when manufacturing is complete and the equipment is ready for shipment. At the customer’s request, we will bill the customer upon completing all performance obligations, but before shipment.The customer will formally request we ship the equipment per their direction from our manufacturing facility at a later specified date and that we segregate the equipment from our finished goods, such that they are not available to fill other orders. Title of the equipment and risk of loss passes to the customer when the equipment is complete and ready for shipment, per the customer’s agreement. At the transfer of title, all risks of ownership has passed to the customer on the manufactured items that have not yet been shipped. We have operated using bill and hold agreements with certain customers for many years, with consistent satisfactory results for both the customer and us. The credit terms on this agreement are consistent with the credit terms on all other sales. All risks of loss are shouldered by the customer, and there are no exceptions to the customer’s commitment to accept and pay for this manufactured equipment. Revenues recognized at the completion of manufacturing in 2017 and 2016 were approximately $4.6 million and $5.6 million, respectively. Major Customers and Concentration of Credit Risk Sales and rental income to Occidental Permian, LTD. ("Oxy") and Devon Energy Production, Inc. ("Devon") in 2017 amounted to 20% and 15% of revenue, respectively. Sales and rental income to Devon and Oxy in 2016 amounted to 21% and 19% of revenue, respectively. Sales and rental income to Devon and Oxy in 2015 amounted to 21% and 10% of revenue. No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in 2017, 2016 or 2015. Oxy amounted to 14% of our accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017. Oxy, APR Energy, LLC and BP America Inc. amounted to 15%, 15% and 14%, respectively, of our accounts receivable as of December 31, 2016. No other customers amounted to more than 10% of our accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. Inventory Inventory (current and long-term) is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is determined by the weighted average method. A reserve is recorded against inventory balances for estimated obsolescence. This reserve is based on specific identification and historical experience and totaled $15,000 and $15,000 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. There were 7 newly completed compressor units at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 available for sale or for use in our rental fleet. Our long-term inventory consists of raw materials that remain viable but that the Company does not expect to sell within the next year. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, inventory consisted of the following (in thousands):
| 2017 |  | 2016
Raw materials -current | $ | 22,813 |  |  | $ | 15,877 |
Raw materials - long term | 2,829 |  |  | 2,488 |
Finished Goods | 1,022 |  |  | 2,558 |
Work in process | 2,389 |  |  | 2,998 |
Total | $ | 29,053 |  |  | $ | 23,921 |
Rental Equipment and Property and Equipment Rental equipment and property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation, except for work-in-progress on new rental equipment which is recorded at cost until it’s complete and added to the fleet. At December 31 2017 and 2016, we had $6.4 million and $1.9 million in rental equipment work-in-progress, respectively. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Our rental equipment has an estimated useful life of 15 years, while our property and equipment has an estimate useful lives which range from three to thirty-nine years. The majority of our property and equipment, including rental equipment, is a direct cost to generating revenue and the following table depicts the depreciation associated with each product line at December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Rentals | $ | 20,861 |  |  | $ | 21,325 |  |  | $ | 22,308 |
Sales | 265 |  |  | 291 |  |  | 281 |
Service & Maintenance | 21 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 16 |
Total | $ | 21,147 |  |  | $ | 21,641 |  |  | $ | 22,605 |
We assess the impairment of rental equipment and property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the net recorded amount may not be recoverable. The following factors could trigger an impairment review: significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future cash flows, significant adverse changes in the extent or manner in which asset is being used or its condition, significant negative industry trends or legislative changes prohibiting us from leasing our units or flares. An impairment loss is recognized if the future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset and the estimated fair value of the asset are less than the asset's carrying value. We recognized no impairments in years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 or 2015. Gains and losses resulting from sales and dispositions of property and equipment are included in current operations. Maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred. Goodwill Goodwill represents the cost in excess of fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or whenever events indicate impairment may have occurred. Due to continued low oil and natural gas prices, we determined a triggering event occurred during each quarter and we performed a goodwill impairment test each quarter of 2017 and our annual goodwill impairment test was performed in the fourth quarter of 2017. We experienced no impairment of goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2017 or 2016. Intangibles At December 31, 2017, NGSG had intangible assets, which relate to developed technology and a trade name. The carrying amount net of accumulated amortization at December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $1.5 million and $1.7 million respectively. Developed technology is amortized on a straight-line basis with a useful life of 20 years, with a weighted average remaining life of approximately seven years as of December 31, 2017. Amortization expense recognized in each of the years ending December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 was $125,000. Estimated amortization expense for the years 2018-2024 is $125,000 per year. NGSG has an intangible asset with a gross carrying value of $654,000 at December 31, 2017 related to the trade name of SCS which was acquired in our acquisition of Screw Compression Systems in January 2005. This asset is not being amortized as it has been deemed to have an indefinite life. The following table represents the identified intangible assets by major asset class (in thousands):
|  |  |  | December 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
|  | Useful Life (years) |  | Gross Carrying Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Book Value |  | Gross Carrying Value |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Book Value
Developed Technology |  | 20 |  | $ | 2,505 |  |  | $ | 1,633 |  |  | $ | 872 |  |  | $ | 2,505 |  |  | $ | 1,508 |  |  | $ | 997 |
Trade Name |  | Indefinite |  | 654 |  |  | — |  |  | 654 |  |  | 654 |  |  | — |  |  | 654 |
Total |  |  |  | $ | 3,159 |  |  | $ | 1,633 |  |  | $ | 1,526 |  |  | $ | 3,159 |  |  | $ | 1,508 |  |  | $ | 1,651 |
Our policy is to periodically review intangibles for impairment through an assessment of the estimated future cash flows related to such assets. In the event that assets are found to be carried at amounts in excess of estimated undiscounted future cash flows, then the assets will be adjusted for impairment to a level commensurate with a discounted cash flow analysis of the underlying assets. Based upon our analysis, we experienced no impairment of intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2017 or 2016. Separately, we reviewed our indefinite life intangible for impairment with our goodwill impairment review, which we performed each quarter in 2017 due to a continued decline in our rental utilization and then annually in the fourth quarter of 2017. Based on this analysis, we experienced no impairment on our indefinite life intangible during the years ended December 31, 2017 or 2016. Warranty We accrue amounts for estimated warranty claims based upon current and historical product warranty costs and any other related information known. The warranty reserve was $65,000 and $103,000 for December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and is included in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Financial Instruments and Concentrations of Credit Risk We invest our cash primarily in deposits and money market funds with commercial banks. At times, cash balances at banks and financial institutions may exceed federally insured amounts. Per Share Data Basic earnings per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common stock and common stock equivalent shares outstanding during the period. There were anti-dilutive securities in 2017, 2016 and 2015. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| Year Ended December 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 19,851 |  |  | $ | 6,469 |  |  | $ | 10,147 |
Denominator for basic net income per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 12,831 |  |  | 12,702 |  |  | 12,567 |
Denominator for diluted net income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 12,831 |  |  | 12,702 |  |  | 12,567 |
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted shares | 279 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 226 |
Diluted weighted average shares | 13,110 |  |  | 12,935 |  |  | 12,793 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.55 |  |  | $ | 0.51 |  |  | $ | 0.81 |
Diluted | $ | 1.51 |  |  | $ | 0.50 |  |  | $ | 0.79 |
In the year-ended December 31, 2017, options to purchase 83,917 shares of common stock with exercise prices ranging from $28.15 to $33.36 were not included in the computation of dilutive income per share, due to their anti-dilutive effect. In the year-ended December 31, 2016, options to purchase 51,167 shares of common stock with exercise prices ranging from $30.41 to $33.36 were not included in the computation of dilutive income per share, due to their anti-dilutive effect. In the year-ended December 31, 2015, options to purchase 107,500 shares of common stock with exercise prices ranging from $22.90 to $33.36 were not included in the computation of dilutive income per share, due to their anti-dilutive effect Income Taxes Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating losses and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In order to record any financial statement benefit, we are required to determine, based on technical merits of the position, whether it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. If that step is satisfied, then we must measure the tax position to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. The tax position is measured at the largest amount of the benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We have no uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2017 or 2016. Our policy regarding income tax interest and penalties is to expense those items as other expense. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “2017 Tax Act”), which makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code. Certain income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act are reflected in the Company’s financial results in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which provides SEC staff guidance regarding the application of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”). As we do not have all of the necessary information to analyze all income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act, we will continue to evaluate tax reform and adjust the provisional amounts as additional information is obtained. We expect to complete our detailed analysis no later than the fourth quarter of 2018. See Note 7, “Income Taxes,” for further information on the financial statement impact of the 2017 Tax Act. Fair Value Measurement Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. ASC Topic 820 established a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value. These inputs are categorized as follows: Level 1- quoted prices in an active market for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2- quoted prices in an active market for similar assets or liabilities, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for similar assets or liabilities, inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means; and Level 3- valuation methodology with unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement. Management believes that the fair value of our cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, accounts payable and line of credit at December 31, 2017 and 2016 approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of the instruments or the use of prevailing market interest rates. Segments and Related Information ASC 280-10-50, “Operating Segments”, define the characteristics of an operating segment as a) being engaged in business activity from which it may earn revenue and incur expenses, b) being reviewed by the company's chief operating decision maker (CODM) for decisions about resources to be allocated and assess its performance and c) having discrete financial information. Although we indeed look at our products to analyze the nature of our revenue, other financial information, such as certain costs and expenses, net income and EBITDA are not captured or analyzed by these categories. Our CODM does not make resource allocation decisions or access the performance of the business based on these categories, but rather in the aggregate. Based on this, management believes that it operates in one business segment. In their analysis of product lines as potential operating segments, management also considered ASC 280-10-50-11, “Aggregation Criteria”, which allows for the aggregation of operating segments if the segments have similar economic characteristics and if the segments are similar in each of the following areas:
• | The nature of the products and services;
• | The nature of the production processes;
• | The type or class of customer for their products and services;
• | The methods used to distribute their products or provide their services; and
• | The nature of the regulatory environment, if applicable.
We are engaged in the business of designing and manufacturing compressors and flares. Our compressors and flares are sold and rented to our customers. In addition, we provide service and maintenance on compressors in our fleet and to third parties.These business activities are similar in all geographic areas. Our manufacturing process is essentially the same for the entire Company and is performed in house at our facilities in Midland, Texas and Tulsa, Oklahoma. Our customers primarily consist of entities in the business of producing natural gas. The maintenance and service of our products is consistent across the entire Company and is performed via an internal fleet of vehicles. The regulatory environment is similar in every jurisdiction in that the most impacting regulations and practices are the result of federal energy policy. In addition, the economic characteristics of each customer arrangement are similar in that we maintain policies at the corporate level. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements On February 25, 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under the new guidance, a lessee will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for capital and operating leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. Additionally, this ASU will require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases, including qualitative and quantitative requirements. For public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The new standard will be effective during our first quarter ending March 31, 2019. We are currently determining the impacts of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and the additional applicable disclosure requirements. On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). This update provides a five-step analysis on how an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance also requires more detailed disclosures to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued an accounting standards update for a one-year deferral of the revenue recognition standard’s effective date for all entities, which changed the effectiveness to interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. As a result, we adopted the guidance on January 1, 2018. The guidance offered two transition methods: a full retrospective approach to be applied to each prior reporting period presented or a modified retrospective approach where the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard is recognized at the date of initial application. We have selected the modified retrospective transition method. We have determined the impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements. Our approach included performing a detailed review of key contracts that are representative of our various revenue streams and comparing our historical accounting policies and practices to the new standard. Based upon our analysis, we have determined there will be no material financial impact upon adoption, but we will have a change in our disclosures under the new standard and have implemented new internal controls to ensure compliance under this new standard. Reclassification of Prior Period Balances Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current-year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported results of operations.

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