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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission File Number 1-31398
NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Colorado |  | 75-2811855
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

404 Veterans Airpark Ln., Ste 300
Midland, Texas 79705
(Address of principal executive offices)
(432) 262-2700
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 | NGS | NYSE

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x |  | No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes x |  | No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer ☒ | Non-accelerated filer o | Smaller reporting company ☒ | Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ |  | No x

As of November 9, 2020, there were 13,468,799 shares of the Registrant's common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.

Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements |  |
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | Page | 1
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations | Page | 2
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity | Page | 3
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | Page | 5
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | Page | 6
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | Page | 22
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | Page | 31
Item 4. Controls and Procedures | Page | 31
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION |  |
Item 1. Legal Proceedings | Page | 32
Item 1A. Risk Factors | Page | 32
Item 6. Exhibits | Page | 33
Signatures | Page | 35

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (in thousands, except per share amounts) (unaudited)
| September 30, |  | December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
ASSETS |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 27,559 |  |  | $ | 11,592 |
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,119 and $918, respectively | 10,384 |  |  | 9,106 |
Inventory | 17,125 |  |  | 21,080 |
Federal income tax receivable | 11,083 |  |  | — |
Prepaid income taxes | 127 |  |  | 40 |
Prepaid expenses and other | 596 |  |  | 597 |
Total current assets | 66,874 |  |  | 42,415 |
Long-term inventory, net of allowance for obsolescence of $37 and $24, respectively | 1,230 |  |  | 1,068 |
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $179,160 and $162,348, respectively | 210,876 |  |  | 217,742 |
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $13,327 and $12,847, respectively | 21,824 |  |  | 21,869 |
Right of use assets - operating leases, net of accumulated amortization of $306 and $158, respectively | 509 |  |  | 604 |
Intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $1,977 and $1,883, respectively | 1,182 |  |  | 1,276 |
Other assets | 1,818 |  |  | 1,603 |
Total assets | $ | 304,313 |  |  | $ | 286,577 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 2,045 |  |  | $ | 1,975 |
Accrued liabilities | 4,391 |  |  | 2,287 |
Line of credit | 417 |  |  | 417 |
Current operating leases | 203 |  |  | 189 |
Deferred income | 583 |  |  | 640 |
Total current liabilities | 7,639 |  |  | 5,508 |
Deferred income tax liability | 41,579 |  |  | 31,243 |
Long-term operating leases | 306 |  |  | 415 |
Other long-term liabilities | 1,931 |  |  | 1,718 |
Total liabilities | 51,455 |  |  | 38,884 |
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 6, 9, and 14) |  |  |
Stockholders’ Equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, 5,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, 30,000 shares authorized, par value $0.01; 13,290 and 13,178 shares issued, respectively | 133 |  |  | 132 |
Additional paid-in capital | 112,052 |  |  | 110,573 |
Retained earnings | 141,163 |  |  | 137,478 |
Treasury Shares, at cost, 38 shares | (490) |  |  | (490) |
Total stockholders' equity | 252,858 |  |  | 247,693 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 304,313 |  |  | $ | 286,577 |

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
1

NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (in thousands, except earnings per share) (unaudited)
| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rental income | $ | 14,861 |  |  | $ | 14,434 |  |  | $ | 46,092 |  |  | $ | 41,393 |
Sales | 536 |  |  | 5,877 |  |  | 3,994 |  |  | 15,816 |
Service and maintenance income | 368 |  |  | 541 |  |  | 974 |  |  | 1,529 |
Total revenue | 15,765 |  |  | 20,852 |  |  | 51,060 |  |  | 58,738 |
Operating costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of rentals, exclusive of depreciation stated separately below | 6,760 |  |  | 6,707 |  |  | 21,286 |  |  | 19,540 |
Cost of sales, exclusive of depreciation stated separately below | 997 |  |  | 4,390 |  |  | 4,596 |  |  | 12,508 |
Cost of service and maintenance, exclusive of depreciation stated separately below | 138 |  |  | 164 |  |  | 363 |  |  | 470 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 2,493 |  |  | 2,791 |  |  | 7,318 |  |  | 7,966 |
Depreciation and amortization | 6,318 |  |  | 5,920 |  |  | 18,859 |  |  | 17,217 |
Impairment of goodwill | — |  |  | 10,039 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,039 |
Inventory allowance | — |  |  | 3,350 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,350 |
Retirement of rental equipment | — |  |  | 1,512 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,512 |
Total operating costs and expenses | 16,706 |  |  | 34,873 |  |  | 52,422 |  |  | 72,602 |
Operating loss | (941) |  |  | (14,021) |  |  | (1,362) |  |  | (13,864) |
Other income (expense): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense | (2) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (13) |  |  | (12) |
Other income, net | 214 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 407 |  |  | 579 |
Total other income, net | 212 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 394 |  |  | 567 |
Loss before provision for income taxes | (729) |  |  | (13,932) |  |  | (968) |  |  | (13,297) |
Income tax benefit | 167 |  |  | 1,353 |  |  | 4,653 |  |  | 1,143 |
Net (loss) income | $ | (562) |  |  | $ | (12,579) |  |  | $ | 3,685 |  |  | $ | (12,154) |
(Loss) earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.96) |  |  | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | (0.93) |
Diluted | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.96) |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | (0.93) |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 13,248 |  |  | 13,137 |  |  | 13,214 |  |  | 13,112 |
Diluted | 13,248 |  |  | 13,137 |  |  | 13,471 |  |  | 13,112 |

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
2

NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (in thousands) (unaudited)
| Preferred Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total Stockholders' Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |
BALANCES, January 1, 2019 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,005 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | 107,760 |  |  | $ | 151,342 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 259,232 |
Exercise of common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | 555 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 555 |
Compensation expense on common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31 |
Issuance of restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 71 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation expense on restricted common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 463 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 464 |
Taxes paid related to net shares settlement of equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (192) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (192) |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 98 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 98 |
BALANCES, March 31, 2019 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,133 |  |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 108,617 |  |  | $ | 151,440 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 260,188 |
Exercise of common stock options |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (50) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (50) |
Compensation expense on common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30 |
Issuance of restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation expense on restricted common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 612 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 612 |
Taxes paid related to net shares settlement of equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 327 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 327 |
BALANCES, June 30, 2019 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,138 |  |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 109,218 |  |  | $ | 151,767 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 261,116 |
Compensation expense on common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |
Issuance of restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation expense on restricted common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 611 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 611 |
Purchase of treasury shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38 |  |  | (490) |  |  | (490) |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,579) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (12,579) |
BALANCES, September 30, 2019 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,142 |  |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 109,861 |  |  | $ | 139,188 |  |  | 38 |  |  | $ | (490) |  |  | $ | 248,690 |

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NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (in thousands) (unaudited)
| Preferred Stock |  | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-In Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total Stockholders' Equity
| Shares |  | Amount |  | Shares |  | Amount |  |  |  | Shares |  | Amount |
BALANCES, January 1, 2020 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,178 |  |  | $ | 132 |  |  | $ | 110,573 |  |  | $ | 137,478 |  |  | 38 |  |  | $ | (490) |  |  | $ | 247,693 |
Compensation expense on common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Issuance of restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 95 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation expense on restricted common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 485 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 486 |
Taxes paid related to net shares settlement of equity awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (149) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (149) |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,082 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,082 |
BALANCES, March 31, 2020 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,273 |  |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | 110,926 |  |  | $ | 141,560 |  |  | 38 |  |  | $ | (490) |  |  | $ | 252,129 |
Compensation expense on common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Issuance of restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation expense on restricted common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 562 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 562 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 165 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 165 |
BALANCES, June 30, 2020 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,286 |  |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | 111,489 |  |  | $ | 141,725 |  |  | 38 |  |  | $ | (490) |  |  | $ | 252,857 |
Compensation expense on common stock options | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Issuance of restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Compensation expense on restricted common stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 562 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 562 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (562) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (562) |
BALANCES, September 30, 2020 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 13,290 |  |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | 112,052 |  |  | $ | 141,163 |  |  | 38 |  |  | $ | (490) |  |  | $ | 252,858 |

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NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (in thousands) (unaudited)
| Nine months ended
| September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,685 |  |  | $ | (12,154) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 18,859 |  |  | 17,217 |
Deferred income taxes | 233 |  |  | (1,177) |
Stock-based compensation | 1,628 |  |  | 1,780 |
Bad debt allowance | 287 |  |  | 55 |
Inventory allowance | — |  |  | 3,350 |
Impairment of goodwill | — |  |  | 10,039 |
Gain on sale of assets | (284) |  |  | (37) |
Retirement of rental equipment | — |  |  | 1,512 |
Loss (gain) on company owned life insurance | 19 |  |  | (145) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |  |
Trade accounts receivables | (1,565) |  |  | (4,060) |
Inventory | 3,793 |  |  | 3,798 |
Federal income tax receivable | (11,083) |  |  | — |
Prepaid expenses and prepaid income taxes | (86) |  |  | (72) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 2,174 |  |  | 1,054 |
Deferred income | (57) |  |  | — |
Deferred tax liability increase due to tax law change | 10,103 |  |  | — |
Other | 226 |  |  | 125 |
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES | 27,932 |  |  | 21,285 |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Purchase of rental equipment, property and other equipment | (11,964) |  |  | (54,077) |
Purchase of company owned life insurance | (254) |  |  | (207) |
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment | 394 |  |  | 26 |
Proceeds from sale of deferred compensation mutual fund | 10 |  |  | — |
Proceeds from insurance claims of property and equipment | — |  |  | 11 |
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES | (11,814) |  |  | (54,247) |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Proceeds from loan | 4,601 |  |  | — |
Repayment of loan | (4,601) |  |  | — |
Payments of other long-term liabilities, net | (2) |  |  | (16) |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | — |  |  | 505 |
Purchase of treasury shares | — |  |  | (490) |
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards | (149) |  |  | (183) |
NET CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES | (151) |  |  | (184) |
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | 15,967 |  |  | (33,146) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD | 11,592 |  |  | 52,628 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD | $ | 27,559 |  |  | $ | 19,482 |
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |  |  |
Interest paid | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 43 |
Income taxes paid | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | 254 |
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS |  |  |
Transfer of rental equipment components to inventory | $ | — |  |  | $ | 746 |
Transfer of prepaids to rental equipment and inventory | $ | — |  |  | $ | 958 |
Right of use asset acquired through an operating lease | $ | 52 |  |  | $ | 126 |

See accompanying notes to these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

Natural Gas Services Group, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
1. Description of Business
Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. (the "Company", “NGS”, "Natural Gas Services Group", "we" or "our") (a Colorado corporation), is a leading provider of natural gas compression equipment and services to the energy industry. The Company manufactures, fabricates, rents, sells and maintains natural gas compressors and flare systems for oil and natural gas production and plant facilities. NGS is headquartered in Midland, Texas, with fabrication facilities located in Tulsa, Oklahoma and Midland, Texas, and service facilities located in major oil and natural gas producing basins in the U.S.
Recent Events
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (“WHO”) announced a global health emergency because of a new strain of coronavirus known as COVID-19 due to the risks it imposes on the international community as the virus spreads globally. In March 2020, the WHO classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic, based on the rapid increase in exposure globally. The effects of the COVID-19 outbreak, including actions taken by businesses and governments to contain the spread of the virus, resulted in a significant, rapid decline in global and U.S. economic conditions. This significant drop in economic activity caused global demand for crude oil to drastically decline. According to the International Energy Agency’s (“IEA”) Oil Market Report for July 2020, global crude oil demand during the second quarter of 2020 declined 16.4 million barrels per day (“MMbpd”) compared to the second quarter of 2019, a decrease of more than 15%.
In March 2020, discussion between OPEC and Russia (“OPEC+”) resulted in Saudi Arabia significantly discounting the price of its crude oil, as well as Saudi Arabia and Russia significantly increasing their oil supply in April 2020. The dramatic decline in crude oil demand combined with this increase in supply resulted in unprecedented storage issues and a resulting severe lack of takeaway capacity for oil producers. As a result, crude oil prices reached record or multi-year lows in April. West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) crude oil traded below $20 per barrel and Brent crude oil traded below $30 per barrel during the second half of April, including an anomalous trading day where WTI traded at negative values on low volume close to the end of a contract trading month.
In April 2020, OPEC+ agreed to cut production by 9.7 MMbpd starting in May 2020, while Saudi Arabia voluntarily cut another 1 MMbpd starting in June 2020. Meanwhile, oil production dropped dramatically in non-OPEC countries, including the U.S. Burdened by low prices and takeaway issues, U.S. producers (including several of our customers) shut in production to varying degrees in April and May, and drilling and completion activities dramatically declined. According to IEA’s Oil Market Report for August 2020, U.S. production in May dropped 2 MMbpd from April and 2.9 MMbpd from its all-time high in November 2019. According to IEA’s July report, global oil supply fell to a nine-year low of 86.9 MMbpd in June.
As states throughout the U.S., as well as many other countries around the world, began to lift restrictions and reopened their economies to varying degrees, global demand for crude oil partially recovered. This increased demand, combined with the production cuts mentioned above, resulted in the oil markets coming back into balance. After trading below $20 per barrel in the second half of April and averaging $28.53 per barrel in May, WTI crude oil has averaged approximately $40 per barrel from June 1 through early November with greatly reduced price volatility. While oil markets have remained in balance, crude oil supply and demand grew significantly during July and August. According to IEA's Oil Market Reports for August and September 2020, global supply grew by a combined 3.6 MMbpd, while according to IEA’s Oil Market Report for October 2020, global demand in July increased 3.4 MMbpd from June.
These issues discussed above resulted in an increasing number of unit returns and shut-in notices from our customers during April and May 2020, which primarily impacted our small (125 HP or less) and medium (126 HP – 399 HP) horsepower units. In late May and throughout June as oil prices partially recovered and stabilized, we received restart notices for several wells that were recently shut in. As a result, our rental revenue, unit utilization, and horsepower utilization declined 6.0%, 5.2% and 4.5%, respectively, in the second quarter when compared to the first quarter of 2020. While we continued to receive several additional restart notices in July and August for wells that were recently shut-in, our utilization has remained stable from June through September. Compared to the second quarter, the Company’s rental revenue declined 1.8%, while the Company’s unit utilization and horsepower utilization remained steady (0.1% and 0.2% increases, respectively) in the third quarter. Unit pricing has also been stable since June.
Nevertheless, risks remain high in this environment. As restrictions have been reduced in many states and countries, the rate of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations and deaths has increased. Since October, the rate of infections has risen very
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quickly in several countries, with the U.S. setting new records for daily infections in November. This has resulted in a reinstatement, to varying degress, of restrictions in several states and countries, including several European countries. If states and countries need to put further restrictions in place to help prevent the spread of the virus, crude oil demand could decline again. Due to the resurgence of COVID-19 in Europe and the United States, the IEA (in its November Oil Market Report) lowered its near-term global demand outlook for the remainder of 2020 and the first quarter of 2021. While positive news about potential vaccines has provided some support for oil prices, the IEA notes that vaccines are unlikely to significantly boost oil demand until well into 2021. All of these risks could negatively impact oil prices, which would impact our utilization, rental revenues and overall financial performance during the remainder of 2020 as well as 2021.
Given the current economic and industry backdrop, we still expect compressor sales to be low for the remainder of 2020 and early 2021, as exploration and production companies have significantly reduced their capital expenditures budgets.
In regards to our costs, we implemented various cost cutting measures with respect to operating expenses and capital expenditures during the second quarter. Our operating expense reductions included reductions in our headcount from both layoffs and attrition, wage freezes, centralization of certain processes for better cost control, and the enlistment of our suppliers in our cost cutting efforts. These cost cutting measures helped our financial performance and liquidity during the third quarter, and we expect these cost cutting measures to continue to benefit our financial performance through the remainder of 2020 and into 2021. In addition, as we have done during prior downturns, we have significantly reduced our capital expenditures budget. We invested $12.0 million in capital expenditures during the first nine months of 2020, including $1.0 million during the third quarter of 2020. Depending on customer needs, we plan to incur another $7-$9 million in capital expenditures during the fourth quarter of 2020, bringing our 2020 capital expenditures budget to $19-$21 million, down from $69.9 million in 2019.
Finally, in keeping with current commercial precautions and practices in our industry, we have continued to implement guidelines to mitigate health risks to our employees and customers during this outbreak. We adopted remote work processes at our Midland headquarters. Due to continued and resurgent positive COVID-19 cases in the Midland area, including exposure and positive tests among the Company’s professional staff and immediate families, the Company’s corporate headquarters has remained closed through the date of this filing, and is staffed at minimum levels throughout the past and present quarter. Our continued office closure and staffing challenges resulted in delays in our collection and assimilation of financial data related to the completion of our interim financial statements required for this filing.
In addition, we adapted our field and fabrication work processes as well. To date, our field operations have continued largely uninterrupted, as the U.S. Department of Homeland Security designated our industry as part of our country’s critical infrastructure. Remote work and work process adjustments related to COVID-19 have not impacted our ability to maintain of service operations or caused us to incur significant costs. In addition, we have not experienced any supply chain issues in connection with the COVID-19 outbreak.
The full impact of the COVID-19 outbreak continues to evolve as of the date of this report. As such, it is uncertain as to the full magnitude that the pandemic will have on the Company's financial condition, liquidity, and future results of operations. Management is actively monitoring the global situation on its financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, industry, and workforce. Given the daily evolution of the COVID-19 outbreak and the global responses to curb its spread, the Company is not able to estimate the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on its results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity during the remainder of 2020 or 2021.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiary, NGSG Properties, LLC and the rabbi trust associated with the Company's deferred compensation plan (see Note 9). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions for the periods presented have been eliminated in consolidation.
These financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to make our financial position at September 30, 2020 and the results of our operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 not misleading. As permitted by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures normally required by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (GAAP). These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 on file with the SEC. In our opinion, the condensed consolidated financial statements are a fair
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presentation of the financial position, results of operations, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for the periods presented.
The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2020.
Revenue Recognition Policy
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606"). Under ASC 606, revenue is measured based on a consideration specified in a customer’s contract, excluding any sale incentives and taxes collected on behalf of third parties (i.e. sales and property taxes). Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive for those goods or services. To recognize revenue, we (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, we satisfy the performance obligation(s). Shipping and handling costs incurred are accounted for as fulfillment costs and are included in cost of revenues in our consolidated statements of operations.
Nature of Goods and Services
The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue:
Rental Revenue. The Company generates revenue from renting compressors and flare systems to our customers. These contracts, which all qualify as operating leases under ASC Topic 842, Leases (ASC 842), may also include a fee for servicing the compressor or flare during the rental contract. Our rental contracts typically range from six to 24 months, with our larger horsepower compressors having contract terms of up to 60 months. Our revenue is recognized over time, with equal monthly payments over the term of the contract. After the terms of the contract have expired, a customer may renew their contract or continue renting on a monthly basis thereafter. In accordance ASC 842, we have applied the practical expedient ASC 842-10-15-42A, which allows the Company to combine lease and non-lease components.
Sales Revenue. The Company generates revenue by the sale of custom/fabricated compressors, flare systems and parts, as well as, exchange/rebuilding customer owned compressors and sale of used rental equipment.
Custom/fabricated compressors and flare systems - The Company designs and fabricates compressors and flares based on the customer’s specifications outlined in their contract. Though the equipment being built is customized by the customer, control under these contracts does not pass to the customer until the compressor or flare package is complete and shipped, or in accordance with a bill and hold arrangement, the customer accepts title and assumes the risk and rewards of ownership. We request some of our customers to make progressive payments as the product is being built; these payments are recorded as a contract liability on the Deferred Income line on the condensed consolidated balance sheet until control has been transferred. These contracts also may include an assurance warranty clause to guarantee the product is free from defects in material and workmanship for a set duration of time; this is a standard industry practice and is not considered a performance obligation.
From time to time, upon the customer’s written request, we recognize revenue when manufacturing is complete and the equipment is ready for shipment. At the customer’s request, we will bill the customer upon completing all performance obligations, but before shipment. The customer will formally request that we ship the equipment per their direction from our manufacturing facility at a later specified date and that we segregate the equipment from our finished goods, such that they are not available to fill other orders. Per the customer’s agreement change of control is passed to the customer once the equipment is complete and ready for shipment. We have operated using bill and hold agreements with certain customers for many years, with consistent and satisfactory results for both the customer and us. The credit terms on these agreements are consistent with the credit terms on all other sales. All control is shouldered by the customer and there are no exceptions to the customer’s commitment to accept and pay for the manufactured equipment. Revenue recognized related to bill and hold arrangements for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $852,000 and $9.4 million, respectively.
Parts - Revenue is recognized after the customer obtains control of the parts. Control is passed either by the customer taking physical possession or the parts being shipped. The amount of revenue recognized is not adjusted for expected returns, as our historical part returns have been de minimis.
Exchange or rebuilding customer owned compressors - Based on the contract, the Company will either exchange a new/rebuilt compressor for the customer’s malfunctioning compressor or rebuild the customer’s compressor. Revenue is
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recognized after control of the replacement compressor has transferred to the customer based on the terms of the contract, i.e., by physical delivery, delivery and installment, or shipment of the compressor.
Used compressors or flares - From time to time, a customer may request to purchase a used compressor or flare out of our rental fleet. Revenue from the sale of rental equipment is recognized when the control has passed to the customer based on the terms of the contract, i.e., when the customer has taken physical possession or the equipment has been shipped.
Service and Maintenance Revenue. The Company provides routine or call-out services on customer owned equipment. Revenue is recognized after services in the contract are rendered.
Payment terms for sales revenue and service and maintenance revenue discussed above are generally 30 to 60 days, although terms for specific customers can vary. Also, transaction prices are not subject to variable consideration constraints.
Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table shows the Company's revenue disaggregated by product or service type for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

| Three months ended September 30, |  | Nine months ended September 30,
| (in thousands) |  | (in thousands)
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Compressors - sales | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,703 |  |  | $ | 2,211 |  |  | $ | 12,199 |
Flares - sales | 67 |  |  | 243 |  |  | 308 |  |  | 783 |
Other (parts/rebuilds) - sales | 469 |  |  | 931 |  |  | 1,475 |  |  | 2,834 |
Service and maintenance | 368 |  |  | 541 |  |  | 974 |  |  | 1,529 |
Total revenue from contracts with customers | 904 |  |  | 6,418 |  |  | 4,968 |  |  | 17,345 |
Add: ASC 842 rental revenue | 14,861 |  |  | 14,434 |  |  | 46,092 |  |  | 41,393 |
Total revenue | $ | 15,765 |  |  | $ | 20,852 |  |  | $ | 51,060 |  |  | $ | 58,738 |

Contract Balances
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had the following receivables and deferred income from contracts with customers:

| (in thousands)
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Accounts Receivable |  |  |
Accounts receivable - contracts with customers | $ | 1,252 |  |  | $ | 3,061 |
Accounts receivable - ASC 842 | 10,251 |  |  | 6,963 |
Total Accounts Receivable | $ | 11,503 |  |  | $ | 10,024 |
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts | (1,119) |  |  | (918) |
Total Accounts Receivable, net | $ | 10,384 |  |  | $ | 9,106 |
Deferred income | $ | 583 |  |  | $ | 640 |

The Company recognized rental revenue of $73,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 that was included in deferred income at the beginning of 2020. For the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $48,000 from amounts related to sales that were included in deferred income at the beginning of 2019.
The increases (decreases) of accounts receivable and deferred income were primarily due to normal timing differences between our performance and the customers’ payments.
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Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations
As of September 30, 2020, the Company did not have revenue related to unsatisfied performance obligations.
Contract Costs
The Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Leases
On January 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective method. We recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new lease standard and had no adjustments to retained earnings.
ASC 842 requires all leases to be reported on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease obligations. We elected the practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance of the new standard that retained the lease classification and initial direct costs for any leases that existed prior to adoption of the standard. We did not reassess whether any contracts or land easements entered into prior to adoption are leases or contain leases.
The Company, as a lessor, applies the practical expedient to not separate non-lease components from lease components, therefore, accounting for each separate lease component and its associated non-lease component, as a single lease component. Each lease that 1) contains the same timing and pattern of transfer for lease and non-lease components; and 2) if the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease, the Company elects to not separate non-lease components from lease components.
Inventory
Inventory (current and long-term) is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The cost of inventories is determined by the weighted average method. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on current and anticipated customer demand and production requirements. The Company assesses anticipated customer demand based on current and upcoming capital expenditure budgets of its major customers as well as other significant companies in the industry, along with oil and natural gas price forecasts and other factors affecting the industry. In addition, our long-term inventory consists of raw materials that remain viable but which the Company does not expect to sell within the next year.
Rental Equipment and Property and Equipment
Rental equipment and property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation, except for work-in-progress on new rental equipment which is recorded at cost until it is complete and added to the fleet. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Our rental equipment has an estimated useful life between 15 and 25 years, while our property and equipment has an estimate useful lives which range from 3 to 39 years. The majority of our property and equipment, including rental equipment, is a direct cost to generating revenue.
We assess the impairment of rental equipment and property and equipment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the net recorded amount may not be recoverable. The following factors could trigger an impairment review: significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future cash flows; significant adverse changes in the extent or manner in which asset (or asset group) is being used or its condition, including a meaningful drop in fleet utilization over the prior four quarters; significant negative industry or company-specific trends or actions, including meaningful capital expenditure budget reductions by our major customers or other sizable exploration and production or midstream companies, as well as significant declines in oil and natural gas prices; legislative changes prohibiting us from leasing our units or flares; or poor general economic conditions. An impairment loss is recognized if the future undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset (or asset group) and the estimated fair value of the asset are less than the asset's carrying value.
Sales of equipment out of the rental fleet are included with sales revenue and cost of sales, while retirements of units are shown as a separate operating expense. Gains and losses resulting from sales and dispositions of other property and equipment are included within other income (expense). Maintenance and repairs are charged to cost of rentals as incurred.
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Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, we include an expense in the tax provision in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
We account for uncertain tax positions in accordance with guidance in ASC 740, which prescribes the minimum recognition threshold a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is required to meet before being recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Tax benefits are recognized only for tax positions that are more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. A liability for unrecognized tax benefits is recorded for any tax benefits claimed in our tax returns that do not meet these recognition and measurement standards. We have no liabilities for uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2020.
Our policy regarding income tax interest and penalties is to expense those items as interest expense and other expense, respectively.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") was enacted in response to the economic impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, permits federal income tax net operating loss ("NOL") carryovers and carrybacks to offset 100% of taxable income for taxable years beginning before 2021. In addition, the CARES Act allows NOLs incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid federal income taxes. Please see Note 4, Federal Income Tax Receivable for a discussion about the impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value Measurement
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. ASC Topic 820 established a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs when measuring fair value. These inputs are categorized as follows:
Level 1- quoted prices in an active market for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2- quoted prices in an active market for similar assets or liabilities, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for similar assets or liabilities, inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means; and
Level 3- valuation methodology with unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurement.
Management believes that the fair value of our cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, accounts payable and line of credit at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 approximate their carrying values due to the short-term nature of the instruments or the use of prevailing market interest rates.
Segments and Related Information
ASC 280-10-50, “Operating Segments”, define the characteristics of an operating segment as a) being engaged in business activity from which it may earn revenue and incur expenses, b) being reviewed by the company's chief operating decision maker (CODM) for decisions about resources to be allocated and assess its performance and c) having discrete financial information. Although we look at our products to analyze the nature of our revenue, other financial information, such as certain costs and expenses, net income and EBITDA are not captured or analyzed by these categories. Our CODM does not make resource allocation decisions or access the performance of the business based on these categories, but rather in the aggregate. Based on this, management believes that it operates in one business segment.
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In their analysis of product lines as potential operating segments, management also considered ASC 280-10-50-11, “Aggregation Criteria”, which allows for the aggregation of operating segments if the segments have similar economic characteristics and if the segments are similar in each of the following areas:
•The nature of the products and services;
•The nature of the production processes;
•The type or class of customer for their products and services;
•The methods used to distribute their products or provide their services; and
•The nature of the regulatory environment, if applicable.
We are engaged in the business of designing and manufacturing compressors and flares. Our compressors and flares are sold and rented to our customers. In addition, we provide service and maintenance on compressors in our fleet and to third parties. These business activities are similar in all geographic areas. Our manufacturing process is essentially the same for the entire Company and is performed at our facilities in Midland, Texas and Tulsa, Oklahoma. Our customers primarily consist of entities in the business of producing oil and natural gas. The maintenance and service of our products is consistent across the entire Company and is performed via an internal fleet of vehicles. The regulatory environment is similar in every jurisdiction in that the most impacting regulations and practices are the result of federal energy policy. In addition, the economic characteristics of each customer arrangement are similar in that we maintain policies at the corporate level.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740), which simplifies accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to various tax accounting principles and clarifies other existing guidance in order to improve consistency of application. These amendments are effective for public entities for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2019-12 on our consolidated financial statements and note disclosures.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (ASC Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The amendments to ASC Topic 326 require immediate recognition of estimated credit losses expected to occur over the remaining life of many financial assets, including trade receivables. For companies that qualify as smaller reporting companies, the amendments in this update are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after January 1, 2023. We are currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13 on our consolidated financial statements and note disclosures.
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Revisions of Prior Period Financial Statements
As stated in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, we revised our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, as well as for interim periods in 2019 and 2018, for immaterial operating costs and expenses that were inappropriately capitalized. The following is a summary of the revisions to our unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019:
Revised Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

|  | For the three months ended September 30, 2019
($ in thousands, except per share) |  | As Reported |  | Revisions |  | As Revised
Total revenue |  | $ | 20,852 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,852 |
Operating costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of rentals, exclusive of depreciation stated separately below |  | 6,300 |  |  | 407 |  |  | 6,707 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 5,867 |  |  | 53 |  |  | 5,920 |
Total operating costs and expenses |  | 34,413 |  |  | 460 |  |  | 34,873 |
Operating loss |  | (13,561) |  |  | (460) |  |  | (14,021) |
Loss before provision for income taxes |  | (13,472) |  |  | (460) |  |  | (13,932) |
Income tax benefit |  | 1,240 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 1,353 |
Net loss |  | (12,232) |  |  | (347) |  |  | (12,579) |
Loss per share, basic |  | (0.93) |  |  | (0.03) |  |  | (0.96) |
Loss per share, diluted |  | (0.93) |  |  | (0.03) |  |  | (0.96) |

|  | For the nine months ended September 30, 2019
($ in thousands, except per share) |  | As Reported |  | Revisions |  | As Revised
Total revenue |  | $ | 58,738 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 58,738 |
Operating costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of rentals, exclusive of depreciation stated separately below |  | 18,544 |  |  | 996 |  |  | 19,540 |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 17,108 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 17,217 |
Total operating costs and expenses |  | 71,497 |  |  | 1,105 |  |  | 72,602 |
Operating loss |  | (12,759) |  |  | (1,105) |  |  | (13,864) |
Loss before provision for income taxes |  | (12,192) |  |  | (1,105) |  |  | (13,297) |
Income tax benefit |  | 890 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 1,143 |
Net loss |  | (11,302) |  |  | (852) |  |  | (12,154) |
Loss per share, basic |  | (0.86) |  |  | (0.07) |  |  | (0.93) |
Loss per share, diluted |  | (0.86) |  |  | (0.07) |  |  | (0.93) |

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Revised Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity

|  | For the nine months ended September 30, 2019
($ in thousands) |  | As Reported |  | Revisions |  | As Revised
Retained earnings balance at January 1, 2019 |  | $ | 152,291 |  |  | $ | (949) |  |  | $ | 151,342 |
Total stockholders' equity at January 1, 2019 |  | 260,181 |  |  | (949) |  |  | 259,232 |
Net income (loss) for the three months ended March 31, 2019 |  | 357 |  |  | (259) |  |  | 98 |
Retained earnings balance at March 31, 2019 |  | 152,648 |  |  | (1,208) |  |  | 151,440 |
Total stockholders' equity at March 31, 2019 |  | 261,396 |  |  | (1,208) |  |  | 260,188 |
Net income (loss) for the three months ended June 30, 2019 |  | $ | 573 |  |  | $ | (246) |  |  | $ | 327 |
Retained earnings balance at June 30, 2019 |  | 153,221 |  |  | (1,454) |  |  | 151,767 |
Total stockholders' equity at June 30, 2019 |  | 262,570 |  |  | (1,454) |  |  | 261,116 |
Net income (loss) for the three months ended September 30, 2019 |  | $ | (12,232) |  |  | $ | (347) |  |  | $ | (12,579) |
Retained earnings balance at September 30, 2019 |  | 140,989 |  |  | (1,801) |  |  | 139,188 |
Total stockholders' equity at September 30, 2019 |  | 250,491 |  |  | (1,801) |  |  | 248,690 |

Revised Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

|  | For the nine months ended September 30, 2019
($ in thousands) |  | As Reported |  | Revisions |  | As Revised
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | (11,302) |  |  | $ | (852) |  |  | $ | (12,154) |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 17,108 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 17,217 |
Deferred taxes |  | (929) |  |  | (248) |  |  | (1,177) |
Inventory decrease |  | 1,861 |  |  | 1,937 |  |  | 3,798 |
Prepaid expenses and prepaid income taxes decrease (increase) |  | 198 |  |  | (270) |  |  | (72) |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 20,609 |  |  | 676 |  |  | 21,285 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of rental equipment, property and other equipment |  | (53,401) |  |  | (676) |  |  | (54,077) |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (53,571) |  |  | (676) |  |  | (54,247) |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |  | (33,146) |  |  | — |  |  | (33,146) |

3. Inventory
Our inventory, net of allowance for obsolescence of $37,000 at September 30, 2020 and $24,000 at December 31, 2019, consisted of the following amounts:

| (in thousands)
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Raw materials - current | $ | 16,275 |  |  | $ | 19,388 |
Work-in-process | 850 |  |  | 1,692 |
Inventory - current | 17,125 |  |  | 21,080 |
Raw materials - long term (net of allowances of $37 and $24, respectively) | 1,230 |  |  | 1,068 |
Inventory - total | $ | 18,355 |  |  | $ | 22,148 |

Our long-term inventory consists of raw materials that remain viable but that the Company does not expect to sell or use within the year. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, there were no write-offs of obsolete inventory against the allowance for obsolescence.
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Inventory Allowance
Due to the slow moving nature or obsolescence of a portion of its long-term inventory and inventory related to the retirement of rental equipment, the Company recorded an increase of $3.35 million to its inventory allowance during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 for costs that may not be recoverable in the future. The Company did not record an increase to its inventory allowance during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
4. Federal Income Tax Receivable
As discussed in Note 2, the CARES Act allows NOLs incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid federal income taxes. The Company generated significant NOLs during 2018 and 2019, and plans to carryback these losses for five years. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a federal income tax receivable of $15.0 million and an increase to its deferred income tax liability of $10.1 million on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. During the third quarter of 2020, the Company received refunds totaling $3.9 million related to its 2018 NOLs, which reduced its federal income tax receivable to $11.1 million on its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2020. In addition, the Company recorded a current income tax benefit of $4.9 million on its condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
5. Rental Equipment
Our rental equipment and associated accumulated depreciation as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, consisted of the following:

| (in thousands)
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Compressor units | $ | 385,920 |  |  | $ | 370,961 |
Work-in-progress | 4,116 |  |  | 9,129 |
Rental equipment | 390,036 |  |  | 380,090 |
Accumulated depreciation | (179,160) |  |  | (162,348) |
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation | $ | 210,876 |  |  | $ | 217,742 |

We evaluated our rental equipment for potential impairment as of September 30, 2020, and determined that no such impairment existed as of that date.
Retirement of Rental Equipment
During the third quarter of 2019, Company management determined which units were not of the type, configuration, make or model that our customers are demanding or that were not cost efficient to refurbish, maintain and/or operate. As a result of this review, we determined 327 units should be retired from our rental fleet. Accordingly, the Company recorded a $1.5 million loss on retirement of rental equipment during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Company did not record any retirements from its rental fleet during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
6. Leases
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception by assessing whether it conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The Company’s leases are primarily related to property leases for its field offices. The Company's leases have remaining lease terms of 1 year to almost 9 years. Renewal and termination options are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any contingent rental payments, material residual guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As substantially all of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments. Based on the present value of lease payments for the Company's existing leases, the Company recorded net lease assets and lease liabilities of approximately $451,000, respectively, upon adoption. The Company had no finance leases. The new lease standard did not materially impact the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations and had no impact on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
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The impact of lease standard ASC 842 on the September 30, 2020 condensed consolidated balance sheet was as follows:

| Classification on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet | September 30, 2020
|  | (in thousands, except years)
Operating lease assets | Right of use assets-operating leases | $ | 509 |
Current lease liabilities | Current operating leases | $ | 203 |
Noncurrent lease liabilities | Long-term operating leases | 306 |
Total lease liabilities |  | $ | 509 |
Weighted average remaining lease term in years |  | 3.1
Implicit Rate |  | 3.1 | %

Operating lease costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Total operating lease costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was approximately $419,000.

| September 30, 2020
| (in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities |
Operating lease cost (1) (2) | $ | 419 |

(1) Lease costs are classified on the condensed consolidated statements of operations in cost of sales, cost of compressors and selling, general and administrative expenses.
(2) Includes costs of $275,000 for leases with terms of 12 months or less and $144,000 for leases with terms greater than 12 months.
The following table shows the future maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2020:

Years Ending December 31, |  | Lease Liabilities
|  | (in thousands)
2020 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2020) |  | $ | 54 |
2021 |  | 198 |
2022 |  | 65 |
2023 |  | 38 |
2024 |  | 38 |
Thereafter |  | 168 |
Total lease payments |  | 561 |
Less: Imputed interest |  | 52 |
Total |  | $ | 509 |

7. Credit Facility
We have a senior secured revolving credit agreement the ("Amended Credit Agreement") with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A (the "Lender") with an aggregate commitment of $30 million, subject to collateral availability. We also have a right to request from the Lender, on an uncommitted basis, an increase of up to $20 million on the aggregate commitment (which could potentially increase the commitment amount to $50 million).
Borrowing Base. At any time before the maturity of the Amended Credit Agreement, we may draw, repay and re-borrow amounts available under the borrowing base up to the maximum aggregate availability discussed above. Generally, the
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borrowing base equals the sum of (a) 80% of our eligible accounts receivable plus (b) 50% of the book value of our eligible general inventory (not to exceed 50% of the commitment amount at the time) plus (c) 75% of the book value of our eligible equipment inventory. The Lender may adjust the borrowing base components if material deviations in the collateral are discovered in future audits of the collateral. We had $29.5 million borrowing base availability at September 30, 2020 under the terms of our Amended Credit Agreement.
Interest and Fees. Under the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement, we have the option of selecting the applicable variable rate for each revolving loan, or portion thereof, of either (a) LIBOR multiplied by the Statutory Reserve Rate (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement), with respect to this rate, for Eurocurrency funding, plus the Applicable Margin (“LIBOR-based”), or (b) CB Floating Rate, which is the Lender's Prime Rate less the Applicable Margin; provided, however, that no more than three LIBOR-based borrowings under the agreement may be outstanding at any one time. For purposes of the LIBOR-based interest rate, the Applicable Margin is 1.25%. For purposes of the CB Floating Rate, the Applicable Margin is 1.50%. For the nine month period ended September 30, 2020, our weighted average interest rate was 2.11%.
Accrued interest is payable monthly on outstanding principal amounts, provided that accrued interest on LIBOR-based loans is payable at the end of each interest period, but in no event less frequently than quarterly. In addition, fees and expenses are payable in connection with our requests for letters of credit (generally equal to the Applicable Margin for LIBOR-related borrowings multiplied by the face amount of the requested letter of credit) and administrative and legal costs.
Maturity. The maturity date of the Amended Credit Agreement is December 31, 2020, at which time all amounts borrowed under the agreement will be due and outstanding letters of credit must be cash collateralized. The agreement may be terminated early upon our request or the occurrence of an event of default.
Security. The obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are secured by a first priority lien on all of our inventory and accounts and leases receivables, along with a first priority lien on a variable number of our leased compressors, the book value of which must be maintained at a minimum of 2.00 to 1.00 commitment coverage ratio (such ratio being equal to (i) the amount of the borrowing base as of such date to (ii) the amount of the commitment as of such date). The Fifth Amendment of Security Agreement in connection with our Amended Credit Agreement was executed by the Company and the Lender on September 28, 2020. This amendment contained an updated list our leased compressors, which provided our the Lender with additional collateral under its first priority lien.
Covenants. The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, as well as covenants which, among other things, limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness and liens; enter into transactions with affiliates; make acquisitions in excess of certain amounts; pay dividends; redeem or repurchase capital stock or senior notes; make investments or loans; make negative pledges; consolidate, merge or effect asset sales; or change the nature of our business. In addition, we also have certain financial covenants that require us to maintain a leverage ratio less than or equal to 2.50 to 1.00 as of the last day of each fiscal quarter.
Events of Default and Acceleration. The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary events of default for credit facilities of this size and type, and includes, without limitation, payment defaults; defaults in performance of covenants or other agreements contained in the loan documents; inaccuracies in representations and warranties; certain defaults, termination events or similar events; certain defaults with respect to any other Company indebtedness in excess of $50,000; certain bankruptcy or insolvency events; the rendering of certain judgments in excess of $150,000; certain ERISA events; certain change in control events and the defectiveness of any liens under the secured revolving credit facility. Obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default.
As of September 30, 2020, we were in compliance with all financial covenants in our Amended Credit Agreement. A default under our Credit Agreement could trigger the acceleration of our bank debt so that it is immediately due and payable. Such default would likely limit our ability to access other credit. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, our outstanding balance on the line of credit was $417,000.
8. CARES Act Loan
On April 10, 2020, the Company entered into a promissory note (the “Loan”) for an unsecured loan in the amount of $4.6 million through the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) established by the CARES Act and administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration ("SBA"). The Loan was made for the purpose of securing funding for salaries and wages of employees that may have otherwise been displaced by the outbreak of COVID-19 and the resulting detrimental impact on the Company’s business. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “Lender”) processed and funded the Loan.
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On April 23, 2020, the SBA advised that companies that applied for and received PPP loans that had other sufficient sources of liquidity that would not be "significantly detrimental" to their businesses may be subject to increased scrutiny and potential liability unless these companies repaid their loans in full by May 7, 2020. While the Company believes it was justified in seeking the Loan and the funds received were earmarked for the purposes set forth in the original PPP regulations, the Company voluntarily repaid the Loan, with accrued interest, to the Lender on May 4, 2020.
9. Deferred Compensation Plan
The Company has a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for executive officers, directors and certain eligible employees. The assets of the deferred compensation plan are held in a rabbi trust and are subject to additional risk of loss in the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company. The plan allows for deferral of up to 90% of a participant’s base salary, bonus, commissions, director fees and restricted stock unit awards. A Company owned life insurance policy held in a rabbi trust is utilized as a source of funding for the plan. The cash surrender value of the life insurance policy is $1.7 million and $1.5 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. We reported in other (expense) income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations a loss related to the policy of approximately $19,000 and a gain of approximately $145,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
For deferrals of base salary, bonus, commissions and director fees, settlement payments are made to participants in cash, either in a lump sum or in periodic installments. The obligation to pay the deferred compensation and the deferred director fees is adjusted to reflect the positive or negative performance of investment measurement options selected by each participant. The deferred compensation liability, which is included in other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet, was $1.9 million and $1.7 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
For deferrals of restricted stock units, the plan does not allow for diversification, therefore, distributions are paid in shares of common stock and the obligation is carried at grant value. As of September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, we had 47,299 and 94,148 unvested restricted stock units being deferred. As of September 30, 2020, we had released and issued 144,401 shares with a value of $2.2 million to the deferred compensation plan. As of September 30, 2019, we had released and issued 80,604 shares with a value of $1.7 million to the deferred compensation plan.
10. Stock-Based and Other Long-Term Incentive Compensation
Stock Options
A summary of all option activity as of December 31, 2019, and changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is presented below.

| Number of Stock Options |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Outstanding, December 31, 2019 | 208,334 |  |  | $ | 23.67 |  |  | 3.66 |  | $ | — |
Granted | 5,000 |  |  | 4.91 |  |  | 9.56 |  | 18 |
Cancelled / Forfeited | (7,000) |  |  | 31.12 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Expired | (40,000) |  |  | 19.11 |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding, September 30, 2020 | 166,334 |  |  | $ | 23.89 |  |  | 3.91 |  | $ | 18 |
Exercisable, September 30, 2020 | 161,334 |  |  | $ | 24.48 |  |  | 3.74 |  | $ | — |

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The following table summarizes information about our stock options outstanding at September 30, 2020:

Range of Exercise Prices | Options Outstanding |  | Options Exercisable
Shares |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
$0.01-15.70 | 13,500 |  |  | 4.37 |  | $ | 11.19 |  |  | 8,500 |  |  | $ | 14.89 |
$15.71-17.81 | 16,000 |  |  | 0.32 |  | 17.81 |  |  | 16,000 |  |  | 17.81 |
$17.82-20.48 | 20,500 |  |  | 2.47 |  | 18.75 |  |  | 20,500 |  |  | 18.75 |
$20.49-30.41 | 116,334 |  |  | 4.61 |  | 27.11 |  |  | 116,334 |  |  | 27.11 |
| 166,334 |  |  | 3.91 |  | $ | 23.89 |  |  | 161,334 |  |  | $ | 24.48 |

The summary of the status of our unvested stock options as of December 31, 2019 and changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is presented below.

Unvested stock options: | Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Unvested at December 31, 2019 | 10,433 |  |  | $ | 11.93 |
Granted | 5,000 |  |  | 2.07 |
Vested | (10,433) |  |  | 11.93 |
Unvested at September 30, 2020 | 5,000 |  |  | $ | 2.07 |

As of September 30, 2020, there was $8,000 of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested options. Total compensation expense for stock options was $18,000 and $92,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Restricted Shares/Units
In accordance with the Company's employment agreement with Stephen Taylor, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors reviewed his performance in determining the issuance of restricted common stock. Based on this review, which included consideration of the Company's 2019 performance, Mr. Taylor was awarded 94,133 restricted shares/units on April 28, 2020, which vest over three years, in equal annual installments, beginning April 28, 2021. On April 28, 2020, the Compensation Committee awarded 10,000 restricted shares/units to our Vice President of Technical Services, James Hazlett. The restricted shares to Mr. Hazlett vest over three years, in equal annual installments, beginning April 28, 2021. We also awarded and issued 4,432 shares of restricted common stock to each of our four independent members of our Board of Directors as partial payment for their services in 2020. These awards of restricted stock vest one year from the date of grant. Total compensation expense related to these and previously granted restricted stock awards was $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. As of September 30, 2020, there was a total of $2.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to these shares/units which is expected to be recognized over the next 2.5 years.
Other Long-Term Incentive Compensation
On April 28, 2020, based on its review of Mr. Taylor's 2019 performance, the Compensation Committee also issued a long-term incentive award of $1,061,820 to Mr. Taylor that vests in equal, annual tranches over three years. At the time of vesting, each tranche will be payable in cash or common stock at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. In addition, on April 28, 2020, we issued a $50,000 award to each of our four independent members of our Board of Directors as partial payment for their services in 2020. These awards vest one year from the date of grant and are payable in cash upon vesting. The Company accounts for these other long-term incentive awards to Mr. Taylor and our independent Board members as liabilities under accrued liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. The vesting of these awards awards is subject
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to acceleration upon certain events, such as (i) death or disability of the recipient, (ii) certain circumstances in connection with a change of control of the Company, (iii) for executive officers, termination without cause (as defined in the agreement), and (iv) for executive officers, resignation for good reason (as defined). Total compensation expense related to these other long-term incentive awards was approximately $252,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, there was a total of $960,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to these other long-term incentive awards which is expected to be recognized over the next 2.5 years.
11. Impairment of Goodwill
Goodwill represents the cost in excess of fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill was tested annually for impairment or as needed upon the occurrence of certain events or substantive changes in circumstances that indicate goodwill is more likely than not impaired. During the third quarter of 2019, the Company examined various qualitative factors to determine if a quantitative goodwill impairment test was needed. For several months prior to the end of the third quarter of 2019, the Company experienced a significant decline in stock price, which was reflective of the significant deterioration of stock prices of companies throughout the oilfield services sector. In addition, the Company noted its largest customer as well as several other exploration and production companies had announced significant reductions to their 2020 capital expenditures budgets compared to those in 2019. These reductions clearly indicated lower demand for oilfield services, including compression services, in 2020 compared to 2019. In addition, the reductions reflected the deteriorated equity markets for energy companies and demands from institutional investors that energy companies keep capital spending within operating cash flow. After considering these factors and various other industry, economic and company-specific factors, we calculated our market capitalization (based on our closing stock price) as of September 30, 2019, and compared it to the carrying value of our net assets. Since the carrying value of our net assets exceeded our market capitalization and after considering all of the aforementioned qualitative factors, Company management determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Company’s net assets was less than its carrying amount.
As a result of our qualitative assessment, we proceeded to perform our quantitative goodwill impairment analysis, where we used an independent valuation specialist to assist us in determining the fair value of our net assets. In this impairment analysis, the estimated fair value of our net assets was determined utilizing market and income-based approaches. Determining fair value in this analysis required significant judgment, including judgments about appropriate comparable companies, appropriate discount rates and our estimated future cash flows, which are subject to change. As a result of our quantitative evaluation, the Company recorded a full impairment charge of its goodwill of $10.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019.
12. Earnings per Share
The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation (in thousands, except per share data):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| September 30, |  | September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net (loss) income | $ | (562) |  |  | $ | (12,579) |  |  | $ | 3,685 |  |  | $ | (12,154) |
Denominator for (loss) earnings per basic common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 13,248 |  |  | 13,137 |  |  | 13,214 |  |  | 13,112 |
Denominator for (loss) earnings per diluted common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 13,248 |  |  | 13,137 |  |  | 13,214 |  |  | 13,112 |
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | 257 |  |  | — |
Diluted weighted average shares | 13,248 |  |  | 13,137 |  |  | 13,471 |  |  | 13,112 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.96) |  |  | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | (0.93) |
Diluted | $ | (0.04) |  |  | $ | (0.96) |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | (0.93) |

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For the three months ended September 30, 2020, restricted stock and stock options were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share due to their antidilutive effect.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, options to purchase 171,900 weighted average shares of common stock with exercise prices ranging from $14.89 to $33.36 were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share due to their antidilutive effect.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, restricted stock and stock options were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share due to their antidilutive effect.
13. Related Party
In 2016, we entered into a joint venture partnership, N-G, LLC (‘N-G”), with Genis Holdings, LLC (“Genis”) to explore new technologies for wellhead compression. NGS and Genis both share 50% ownership of N-G. We account for this investment under the equity method. In 2018, we ordered some compressor packages from Genis, totaling $1.0 million. The compressors were completed and paid in full at December 31, 2019.
14. Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, we are a party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of our business. While management is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, it believes that any ultimate liability arising from these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flow. We are not currently a party to any material legal proceedings, and we are not aware of any threatened material litigation.
15. Subsequent Events
Leslie Shockley Beyer joined our Board of Directors on June 10, 2020. As part of her 2020 compensation as an independent Board member, the Compensation Committee of our Board awarded Ms. Beyer 1,324 shares of restricted stock on October 15, 2020. In addition, the Compensation Committee also awarded Ms. Beyer a cash award of $25,000. Both of Ms. Beyer's awards vest on June 20, 2021, and both are subject to acceleration under certain events.
As disclosed on Form 8-K, on October 23, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized the Company to enter into a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to an aggregate amount of $10 million of the Company’s common stock in accordance with the guidelines specified under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Repurchases may be made in open market purchases, block trades or in privately negotiated transactions. Repurchases, if any, under the program will be made at the discretion of management, and will depend upon market pricing and conditions, business, legal, accounting and other considerations. The repurchase program may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time without notice, in the Company’s discretion, based upon a number of factors, including market conditions, the cost of repurchasing shares, the availability of alternative investment opportunities, liquidity, the need for capital in the Company’s operations and other factors deemed appropriate. These factors may also affect the timing and amount of share repurchases. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any shares. This repurchase plan expires on September 30, 2021.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on, and should be read in conjunction with, our condensed, consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC.
This report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K contain certain forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and information pertaining to us, our industry and the oil and natural gas industry that is based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to our management. All statements, other than statements of historical facts contained in this report as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K, including statements regarding our future financial position, growth strategy, budgets, projected costs, plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. We use the words “may,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “continue,” “intend,” “plan,” “budget” and other similar words to identify forward-looking statements. You should read statements that contain these words carefully and should not place undue reliance on these statements because they discuss future expectations, contain projections of results of operations or of our financial condition and/or state other “forward-looking” information. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements. Although we believe our expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, no assurance can be given that these expectations or assumptions will prove to have been correct.
Please read Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as it contains important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements.
Overview
We fabricate, manufacture, rent, and sell natural gas compressors and related equipment. Our primary focus is on the rental of natural gas compressors. Our rental contracts typically provide for initial terms of six to 24 months, with our larger horsepower units having contract terms of up to 60 months. After the initial term of our rental contracts, many of our customers have continued to rent our compressors on a month-to-month basis. Rental amounts are billed monthly in advance and include maintenance of our rented compressors. As of September 30, 2020, we had 1,278 natural gas compressors totaling 286,488 horsepower rented to 82 customers compared to 1,401 natural gas compressors totaling 270,222 horsepower rented to 93 customers at September 30, 2019.
We also fabricate natural gas compressors for sale to our customers, designing compressors to meet unique specifications dictated by well pressures, production characteristics, and particular applications for which compression is sought. Fabrication of compressors involves our purchase of engines, compressors, coolers, and other components, and our assembling of these components on skids for delivery to customer locations. The major components of our compressors packages are acquired through periodic purchase orders placed with third-party suppliers on an “as needed” basis, which presently require lead times between two to three months with delivery dates scheduled to coincide with our estimated production schedules. Although we do not have formal continuing supply contracts with any major supplier, we believe we have adequate alternative sources available. In the past, we have not experienced any sudden and dramatic increases in the prices of the major components for our compressors; however, the occurrence of such an event could have a material adverse effect on the results of our operations and financial condition, particularly if we were unable to increase our rental rates and sales prices proportionate to any such component price increases.
We also manufacture a proprietary line of compressor frames, cylinders and parts, known as our CiP (Cylinder-in-Plane) product line. We use finished CiP component products in the fabrication of compressor units for sale or rental by us or sell the finished component products to other compressor fabricators. We also design, fabricate, sell, install, and service flare stacks and related ignition and control devices for onshore and offshore incineration of gas compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, natural gas and liquefied petroleum gases. To provide customer support for our compressor and flare sales businesses, we stock varying levels of replacement parts at our Midland, Texas facility and at field service locations. We also provide an exchange and rebuild program for screw compressors and maintain an inventory of new and used compressors to facilitate this business.
We provide service and maintenance to our customers under written maintenance contracts or on an as-required basis in the absence of a service contract. Maintenance agreements typically have terms of six months to one year and require payment of a monthly fee.
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The oil and natural gas equipment rental and services industry is cyclical in nature. The most critical factor in assessing the outlook for the industry is the worldwide supply and demand for oil and natural gas and the corresponding changes in commodity prices. As demand and prices increase, oil and natural gas producers typically increase their capital expenditures for drilling, development and production activities, although recent equity capital constraints and demands from institutional investors to keep spending within operating cash flow have meaningfully restrained capital expenditure budgets of domestic exploration and production companies. Generally, increased capital expenditures ultimately result in greater revenues and profits for service and equipment companies.
In general, we expect our overall business activity and revenues to track the level of activity in the oil and natural gas industry, with changes in crude oil and condensate production and consumption levels and prices affecting our business more than changes in domestic natural gas production and consumption levels and prices. In recent years we have increased our rentals and sales in unconventional oil shale plays, which are more dependent on crude oil prices. With this shift towards oil production, the demand for overall compression services and products is driven by two general factors; an increased focus by producers on artificial lift applications, e.g., production enhancement with compression assisted gas lift; and declining reservoir pressure in maturing natural gas producing fields, especially unconventional production. These types of applications have historically been serviced by wellhead size compressors, and continue to be, but there has also been an economic move by our customers towards centralized drilling and production facilities, which have increased the market need for larger horsepower compressor packages. We recognized this need over the past two to three years and have been shifting our cash and fabrication resources towards designing, fabricating and renting gas compressor packages that range from 400 horsepower up to 1,380 horsepower. While this is a response to market conditions and trends, it also provides us with the opportunity to compete as a full-line compression provider.
We typically experience a decline in demand during periods of low crude oil and natural gas prices. Compared to 2018, we witnessed a moderation of crude oil prices as well as drilling and completion activity levels during 2019. During the first quarter of 2020, we saw a substantial decline in the prices for oil and natural gas. Oil prices partially recovered and stabilized somewhat during the second quarter of 2020, and then remained relatively stable throughout the third quarter of 2020. Activity levels of exploration and production companies have been and will be dependent not only on commodity prices, but also on their ability to generate sufficient operational cash flow to fund their activities. Generally, though, we feel that production activities (in which we are involved) will fare better than drilling activity.
Recent Events
On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization (“WHO”) announced a global health emergency because of a new strain of coronavirus known as COVID-19 due to the risks it imposes on the international community as the virus spreads globally. In March 2020, the WHO classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic, based on the rapid increase in exposure globally. The effects of the COVID-19 outbreak, including actions taken by businesses and governments to contain the spread of the virus, resulted in a significant, rapid decline in global and U.S. economic conditions. This significant drop in economic activity caused global demand for crude oil to drastically decline. According to the International Energy Agency’s (“IEA”) Oil Market Report for July 2020, global crude oil demand during the second quarter of 2020 declined 16.4 million barrels per day (“MMbpd”) compared to the second quarter of 2019, a decrease of more than 15%.
In March 2020, discussion between OPEC and Russia (“OPEC+”) resulted in Saudi Arabia significantly discounting the price of its crude oil, as well as Saudi Arabia and Russia significantly increasing their oil supply in April 2020. The dramatic decline in crude oil demand combined with this increase in supply resulted in unprecedented storage issues and a resulting severe lack of takeaway capacity for oil producers. As a result, crude oil prices reached record or multi-year lows in April. West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) crude oil traded below $20 per barrel and Brent crude oil traded below $30 per barrel during the second half of April, including an anomalous trading day where WTI traded at negative values on low volume close to the end of a contract trading month.
In April 2020, OPEC+ agreed to cut production by 9.7 MMbpd starting in May 2020, while Saudi Arabia voluntarily cut another 1 MMbpd starting in June 2020. Meanwhile, oil production dropped dramatically in non-OPEC countries, including the U.S. Burdened by low prices and takeaway issues, U.S. producers (including several of our customers) shut in production to varying degrees in April and May, and drilling and completion activities dramatically declined. According to IEA’s Oil Market Report for August 2020, U.S. production in May dropped 2 MMbpd from April and 2.9 MMbpd from its all-time high in November 2019. According to IEA’s July report, global oil supply fell to a nine-year low of 86.9 MMbpd in June.
As states throughout the U.S., as well as many other countries around the world, began to lift restrictions and reopened their economies to varying degrees, global demand for crude oil partially recovered. This increased demand, combined with
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the production cuts mentioned above, resulted in the oil markets coming back into balance. After trading below $20 per barrel in the second half of April and averaging $28.53 per barrel in May, WTI crude oil has averaged approximately $40 per barrel from June 1 through early November with greatly reduced price volatility. While oil markets have remained in balance, crude oil supply and demand grew significantly during July and August. According to IEA's Oil Market Reports for August and September 2020, global supply grew by a combined 3.6 MMbpd, while according to IEA’s Oil Market Report for October 2020, global demand in July increased 3.4 MMbpd from June.
These issues discussed above resulted in an increasing number of unit returns and shut-in notices from our customers during April and May 2020, which primarily impacted our small (125 HP or less) and medium (126 HP – 399 HP) horsepower units. In late May and throughout June as oil prices partially recovered and stabilized, we received restart notices for several wells that were recently shut in. As a result, our rental revenue, unit utilization, and horsepower utilization declined 6.0%, 5.2% and 4.5%, respectively, in the second quarter when compared to the first quarter of 2020. While we continued to receive several additional restart notices in July and August for wells that were recently shut-in, our utilization has remained stable from June through September. Compared to the second quarter, the Company’s rental revenue declined 1.8%, while the Company’s unit utilization and horsepower utilization remained steady (0.1% and 0.2% increases, respectively) in the third quarter. Unit pricing has also been stable since June.
Nevertheless, risks remain high in this environment. As restrictions have been reduced in many states and countries, the rate of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations and deaths has increased. Since October, the rate of infections has risen very quickly in several countries, with the U.S. setting new records for daily infections in November. This has resulted in a reinstatement, to varying degress, of restrictions in several states and countries, including several European countries. If states and countries need to put further restrictions in place to help prevent the spread of the virus, crude oil demand could decline again. Due to the resurgence of COVID-19 in Europe and the United States, the IEA (in its November Oil Market Report) lowered its near-term global demand outlook for the remainder of 2020 and the first quarter of 2021. While positive news about potential vaccines has provided some support for oil prices, the IEA notes that vaccines are unlikely to significantly boost oil demand until well into 2021. All of these risks could negatively impact oil prices, which would impact our utilization, rental revenues and overall financial performance during the remainder of 2020 as well as 2021.
Given the current economic and industry backdrop, we still expect compressor sales to be low for the remainder of 2020 and early 2021, as exploration and production companies have significantly reduced their capital expenditures budgets.
In regards to our costs, we implemented various cost cutting measures with respect to operating expenses and capital expenditures during the second quarter. Our operating expense reductions included reductions in our headcount from both layoffs and attrition, wage freezes, centralization of certain processes for better cost control, and the enlistment of our suppliers in our cost cutting efforts. These cost cutting measures helped our financial performance and liquidity during the third quarter, and we expect these cost cutting measures to continue to benefit our financial performance through the remainder of 2020 and into 2021. In addition, as we have done during prior downturns, we have significantly reduced our capital expenditures budget. We invested $12.0 million in capital expenditures during the first nine months of 2020, including $1.0 million during the third quarter of 2020. Depending on customer needs, we plan to incur another $7-$9 million in capital expenditures during the fourth quarter of 2020, bringing our 2020 capital expenditures budget to $19-$21 million, down from $69.9 million in 2019.
Finally, in keeping with current commercial precautions and practices in our industry, we have continued to implement guidelines to mitigate health risks to our employees and customers during this outbreak. We adopted remote work processes at our Midland headquarters. Due to continued and resurgent positive COVID-19 cases in the Midland area, including exposure and positive tests among the Company’s professional staff and immediate families, the Company’s corporate headquarters has remained closed through the date of this filing, and is staffed at minimum levels throughout the past and present quarter. Our continued office closure and staffing challenges resulted in delays in our collection and assimilation of financial data related to the completion of our interim financial statements required for this filing.
In addition, we adapted our field and fabrication work processes as well. To date, our field operations have continued largely uninterrupted, as the U.S. Department of Homeland Security designated our industry as part of our country’s critical infrastructure. Remote work and work process adjustments related to COVID-19 have not impacted our ability to maintain of service operations or caused us to incur significant costs. In addition, we have not experienced any supply chain issues in connection with the COVID-19 outbreak.
The full impact of the COVID-19 outbreak continues to evolve as of the date of this report. As such, it is uncertain as to the full magnitude that the pandemic will have on the Company's financial condition, liquidity, and future results of operations. Management is actively monitoring the global situation on its financial condition, liquidity, operations, suppliers, industry, and workforce. Given the daily evolution of the COVID-19 outbreak and the global responses to curb its spread, the
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Company is not able to estimate the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on its results of operations, financial condition, or liquidity during the remainder of 2020 or 2021.
Results of Operations
Three months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019.
The table below shows our revenues and percentage of total revenues of each of our product lines for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

| Three months ended September 30,
| (in thousands)
| 2020 |  |  | 2019
Rental | $ | 14,861 |  |  | 94.3 | % |  |  | $ | 14,434 |  |  | 69.2 | %
Sales | 536 |  |  | 3.4 | % |  |  | 5,877 |  |  | 28.2 | %
Service and Maintenance | 368 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  |  | 541 |  |  | 2.6 | %
Total | $ | 15,765 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 20,852 |  |  |

Total revenue decreased 24.4% to $15.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $20.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decline was primarily a result of lower sales revenue (90.9% decrease) during the third quarter of 2020 mainly due to no compressor sales offset by higher rental revenue (3.0% increase).
Rental revenue increased to $14.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $14.4 million for the same period in 2019. This increase during the third quarter of 2020 was attributable to a greater number of large horsepower units being rented offset by shut-ins, rate reductions and returns due to a significant drop in oil prices resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and crude oil demand destruction. Toward the end of the second quarter of 2020, a partial recovery and greater stability in oil prices resulted in restarts of many previously shut-in wells. Crude oil prices and our utilization have remained relatively stable from June 2020 through the end of the third quarter of 2020.
As of September 30, 2020, we had 2,339 compressor packages in our fleet, up from 2,277 units at September 30, 2019. The Company's total unit horsepower increased by 10.4% to 449,133 horsepower at September 30, 2020 compared to 406,763 horsepower at September 30, 2019, which reflects the addition to the Company's fleet of 37 high horsepower compressors with 40,700 horsepower over the past 12 months. As of September 30, 2020, we had 1,278 natural gas compressors with a total of 286,488 horsepower rented to 82 customers, compared to 1,401 natural gas compressors with a total of 270,222 horsepower rented to 93 customers as of September 30, 2019. As a result, our total rented horsepower as of September 30, 2020 increased by 6.0% over the prior twelve months. Our rental fleet had unit utilization as of September 30, 2020, and 2019, respectively, of 54.6% and 61.5%, while our horsepower utilization for the same periods, respectively, was 63.8% and 66.4%. The contrast of the increase in rented horsepower compared to decreases in utilization over the same time frame illustrates the strong demand for our high horsepower units while the demand for our smaller and medium horsepower units has decreased somewhat with recent lower commodity prices.
Sales revenue decreased to $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease is mostly attributable to no compressor sales and, to a lesser extent, lower parts and other sales during the third quarter of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. These reduced sales reflect significantly reduced industry activity levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic, lower commodity prices and severe capital constraints on exploration and production companies. Sales are subject to fluctuations in timing of industry activity related to capital projects and, as such, can vary substantially between periods.
Cost of rentals remained relatively flat at $6.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $6.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019, despite a 3.0% increase in rental revenue over the same time frame. When compared to the third quarter of 2019, an increase in bad debt allowance ($0.2 million) and various other costs were offset by lower payroll and benefits expenses, lower maintenance and repair expenses, and lower vehicle expenses during the third quarter of 2020.
Cost of sales decreased 77.3% to $1.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $4.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease during the third quarter of 2020 was primarily due to
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no compressor sales and, to a lesser degree, lower parts and other sales during the third quarter of 2020. This decrease during the third quarter of 2020 also reflects lower labor efficiency due to much lower activity levels at our fabrication facilities partially offset by lower payroll and benefits expenses.
Selling, general, and administrative ("SG&A") expenses decreased 10.7% to $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared $2.8 million during the same period in 2019. This decrease in SG&A expenses was attributable to lower bonus ($242,000), stock compensation ($80,000) and various other expenses during the third quarter of 2020 compared to the same quarter in 2019. When compared to the third quarter of 2019, these lower expenses were partially offset by an increase in other long-term incentive compensation ($126,000) during the third quarter of 2020 as well as an increase in unrealized losses on deferred compensation ($77,000) due to an increase in our deferred compensation liability that reflected an improvement in the broader equity markets.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 6.7% to $6.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. This increase was the result of larger horsepower units being added to the fleet. We added 65 units (approximately 44,500 horsepower) to our fleet over the past 12 months. Thirty-seven of those units were 400 horsepower or larger (including 25 at 1,380 horsepower), representing 91% of the horsepower added.
During the third quarter of 2019, the Company examined various qualitative factors to determine if a quantitative goodwill impairment test was needed. After examining various qualitative factors, the Company performed a goodwill impairment analysis as of September 30, 2019. The analysis showed our carrying value of net assets exceeded its fair value, indicating that goodwill was fully impaired. Accordingly, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $10.0 million during the third quarter of 2019.
During the third quarter of 2019, due to the slow moving nature or obsolescence of a portion of the Company's long-term inventory and inventory related to the retirement of rental equipment, the Company recorded an increase of $3.35 million to its inventory allowance for costs that may not be recoverable in the future. The Company did not record an increase to its inventory allowance during the three months ended September 30, 2020.
During the third quarter of 2019, Company management determined which units were not of the type, configuration, make or model that our customers are demanding or that were not cost efficient to refurbish, maintain and/or operate. As a result of this review, we determined 327 units should be retired from our rental fleet. Accordingly, the Company recorded a $1.5 million loss on retirement of rental equipment during the three months ended September 30, 2019. The Company did not record any retirements from its rental fleet during the three months ended September 30, 2020.
We had an operating loss of $941,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to operating loss of $14.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. This reduction in operating loss is largely due to a goodwill impairment charge, an increased inventory allowance, and a loss on the retirement of rental units recorded in the third quarter of 2019 that totaled $14.9 million. Higher rental revenue and lower G&A expenses during the third quarter of 2020 also contributed to a lower operating loss. These factors were partially offset by lower sales revenue, lower service and maintenance revenue, and higher depreciation expense during the third quarter of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019.
Our other income increased $121,000 to $214,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $93,000 for the same period in 2019. Our other income in the third quarter of 2020 included interest income ($133,000) related to our federal income tax refunds resulting from our carryback claims of our 2018 federal net operating losses, as well as an unrealized gain on company-owned life insurance ($73,000). Other income during the third quarter of 2019 included approximately $98,000 in interest income.
We recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $167,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to an income tax benefit of $1.35 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019. For interim periods, our income tax benefit (expense) is computed based upon our estimated annual effective tax rate and any discrete items that impact the interim periods. Our estimated annual effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%.
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Nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
The table below shows our revenues and percentage of total revenues of each of our product lines for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

| Nine months ended September 30,
| (in thousands)
| 2020 |  | 2019
Rental | $ | 46,092 |  |  | 90.3 | % |  | $ | 41,393 |  |  | 70.5 | %
Sales | 3,994 |  |  | 7.8 | % |  | 15,816 |  |  | 26.9 | %
Service and Maintenance | 974 |  |  | 1.9 | % |  | 1,529 |  |  | 2.6 | %
Total | $ | 51,060 |  |  |  |  | $ | 58,738 |  |  |

Total revenue decreased 13.1% to $51.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $58.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decline was primarily a result of lower sales revenue (74.7% decrease) during the first nine months of 2020 mainly due to lower compressor sales offset by higher rental revenue (11.4% increase).
Rental revenue increased to $46.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $41.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This increase during the first nine months of 2020 was attributable to a greater number of large horsepower units being rented offset by shut-ins, rate reductions and returns due to a significant drop in oil prices resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and crude oil demand destruction. Toward the end of the second quarter of 2020, a partial recovery and greater stability in oil prices resulted in restarts of many previously shut-in wells. Crude oil prices and our utilization have remained relatively stable from June 2020 through the end of the third quarter of 2020.
As of September 30, 2020, we had 2,339 compressor packages in our fleet, up from 2,277 units at September 30, 2019. The Company's total unit horsepower increased by 10.4% to 449,133 horsepower at September 30, 2020 compared to 406,763 horsepower at September 30, 2019, which reflects the addition to the Company's fleet of 37 high horsepower compressors with 40,700 horsepower over the past 12 months. As of September 30, 2020, we had 1,278 natural gas compressors with a total of 286,488 horsepower rented to 82 customers, compared to 1,401 natural gas compressors with a total of 270,222 horsepower rented to 93 customers as of September 30, 2019. As a result, our total rented horsepower as of September 30, 2020 increased by 6.0% over the prior twelve months. Our rental fleet had unit utilization as of September 30, 2020, and 2019, respectively, of 54.6% and 61.5%, while our horsepower utilization for the same periods, respectively, was 63.8% and 66.4%. The contrast of the increase in rented horsepower compared to decreases in utilization over the same time frame illustrates the strong demand for our high horsepower units while the demand for our smaller and medium horsepower units has decreased somewhat with recent lower commodity prices.
Sales revenue decreased to $4.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $15.8 million for the same period in 2019. This decrease in mostly attributable to a large decrease in compressor sales and, to a lesser extent, parts and other sales. These reduced sales reflect significantly reduced industry activity levels due to the COVID-19 pandemic, lower commodity prices and severe capital constraints on exploration and production companies. Sales are subject to fluctuations in timing of industry activity related to capital projects and, as such, can vary substantially between periods.
Cost of rentals increased 8.9% to $21.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $19.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This increase was primarily a result of higher maintenance and repairs expense ($1.6 million) during the first nine months of 2020 due to higher rental revenue (11.4% increase) as well as a large order from a new customer that required a significant number of make-ready jobs during the first quarter of 2020.
Cost of sales decreased 63.3% to $4.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $12.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This decrease during the first nine months of 2020 was primarily due to a large decrease in compressor sales and, to a lesser degree, parts and other sales. This decrease during the first nine months of 2020 also reflects lower labor efficiency due to much lower activity levels at our fabrication facilities that was partially offset by lower payroll and benefits expenses.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses decreased 8.1% to $7.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $8.0 million for the same period in 2019. SG&A expenses during the first nine months of 2020 were
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impacted by a small unrealized gain ($28,000) on deferred compensation, while these expenses were impacted by an unrealized loss ($208,000) on deferred compensation during the first nine months of 2019. Other factors contributing to this decrease in G&A expenses were lower bonus ($445,000), stock compensation ($151,000) and other expenses that were partially offset by other long-term incentive compensation ($252,000), higher professional services ($79,000), and various other increased expenses.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased 9.5% to $18.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $17.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This increase was the result of larger horsepower units being added to the fleet. We added 65 units (approximately 44,500 horsepower) to our fleet over the past 12 months. Thirty-seven of those units were 400 horsepower or larger (including 25 at 1,380 horsepower), representing 91% of the horsepower added.
During the third quarter of 2019, the Company examined various qualitative factors to determine if a quantitative goodwill impairment test was needed. After examining various qualitative factors, the Company performed a goodwill impairment analysis as of September 30, 2019. The analysis showed our carrying value of net assets exceeded its fair value, indicating that goodwill was fully impaired. Accordingly, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $10.0 million during the first nine months of 2019.
Due to the slow moving nature or obsolescence of a portion of the Company's long-term inventory and inventory related to the retirement of rental equipment, the Company recorded an increase of $3.35 million to its inventory allowance during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 for costs that may not be recoverable in the future. The Company did not record an increase to its inventory allowance during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
During the third quarter of 2019, Company management determined which units were not of the type, configuration, make or model that our customers are demanding or that were not cost efficient to refurbish, maintain and/or operate. As a result of this review, we determined 327 units should be retired from our rental fleet. Accordingly, the Company recorded a $1.5 million loss on retirement of rental equipment during the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The Company did not record any retirements from its rental fleet during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
We had an operating loss of $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to operating loss of $13.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. This reduction in operating loss is largely due to a goodwill impairment charge, an increased inventory allowance, and a loss on the retirement of rental units recorded in the third quarter of 2019 that totaled $14.9 million. Higher rental revenue and lower G&A expenses during the first nine months of 2020 also contributed to a lower operating loss. These factors were partially offset by lower sales revenue, lower service and maintenance revenue, and higher depreciation expense during the first nine months of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019.
Our other income decreased $172,000 to $407,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $579,000 for the same period in 2019. Other income for the first nine months of 2020 included a gain on sales or disposals of assets ($284,000); interest income ($154,000), which included interest related to our federal income tax refunds ($133,000) resulting from our carryback claims of our 2018 federal net operating losses; and an unrealized loss on company-owned life insurance ($19,000). Other income for the first nine months of 2019 included an unrealized gain on company-owned life insurance ($145,000) and interest income ($450,000).
We recorded an income tax benefit of $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to an income tax benefit of $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. For interim periods, our income tax benefit (expense) is computed based upon our estimated annual effective tax rate and any discrete items that impact the interim periods. Our estimated annual effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%. On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") was enacted in response to the economic impact caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act allows federal net operating losses ("NOL") incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid federal income taxes. The Company generated significant NOLs during 2018 and 2019. The Company filed its NOL carryback claims for 2018 during the second quarter of 2020, and plans to file its NOL carryback claims for 2019 prior to December 31, 2020. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a federal income tax receivable of $15.0 million and an increase to its deferred income tax liability of $10.1 million on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. During the third quarter of 2020, the Company received refunds totaling $3.9 million related to its 2018 NOLs, which reduced its federal income tax receivable to $11.1 million on its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2020. In addition, the Company recorded a current income tax benefit of $4.9 million on its condensed consolidated statement of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
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This current income tax benefit was partially offset by a write-off of a deferred tax asset of approximately $0.4 million related to vesting of restricted stock during the first quarter of 2020.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our working capital positions as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are set forth below:

| September 30, |  | December 31,
| 2020 |  | 2019
| (in thousands)
Current Assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 27,559 |  |  | $ | 11,592 |
Trade accounts receivable, net | 10,384 |  |  | 9,106 |
Inventory | 17,125 |  |  | 21,080 |
Federal income tax receivable | 11,083 |  |  | — |
Prepaid income taxes | 127 |  |  | 40 |
Prepaid expenses and other | 596 |  |  | 597 |
Total current assets | 66,874 |  |  | 42,415 |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | 2,045 |  |  | 1,975 |
Accrued liabilities | 4,391 |  |  | 2,287 |
Line of credit | 417 |  |  | 417 |
Current operating leases | 203 |  |  | 189 |
Deferred income | 583 |  |  | 640 |
Total current liabilities | 7,639 |  |  | 5,508 |
Total working capital | $ | 59,235 |  |  | $ | 36,907 |

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we invested $12.0 million in rental equipment, property and other equipment. During the first nine months of 2020, we added $15.3 million in new equipment to our rental fleet, $335,000 related to the construction of our new corporate office, and $1.4 million mostly in vehicles as well as various other machinery and equipment. Our investment in rental equipment, property and other equipment also includes any changes to work-in-progress related to our rental fleet jobs at the beginning of the period compared to the end of the period. Our rental work-in-progress decreased by $5.0 during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. We financed our investment in rental equipment, property and other equipment with cash flow from operations and cash on hand.
Cash flows
At September 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $27.6 million compared to $11.6 million at December 31, 2019. Our cash flows from operating activities of $27.9 million were partially offset by capital expenditures of $12.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020. We had working capital of $59.2 million at September 30, 2020 compared to $36.9 million at December 31, 2019. On September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had outstanding debt of $417,000, which is all related to our line of credit. We generated cash flows from operating activities of $27.9 million during the first nine months of 2020 compared to cash flows provided by operating activities of $21.3 million for the first nine months of 2019. Our cash flows from operating activities of $27.9 million were the result of net income of $3.7 million, adding back non-cash items of depreciation and amortization of $18.9 million, stock-based compensation of $1.6 million, deferred income tax expense of $0.2 million, bad debt allowance of $0.3 million, utilization of deferred tax assets through NOL carrybacks of $10.1 million, and a net positive change in various working capital and other items of $4.5 million against the negative impact of an increase in federal income tax receivable of $11.1 million and gain of sale of assets of $0.3 million.
Strategy
For the remainder of 2020, given the state of the economy and our industry during the COVID-19 pandemic, our plan is to continue to keep our expenses low. The cost cutting measures that were implemented during the second quarter of 2020
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will provide a continuing positive impact over the remainder of the year. For the remainder of 2020, our forecasted capital expenditures are not anticipated to exceed our internally generated cash flows and our cash on hand. Any required capital will be for contracted, premium-priced additions to our compressor rental fleet and/or required service vehicles. We believe that cash flows from operations and our current cash position will be sufficient to satisfy our capital and liquidity requirements for the foreseeable future.
Bank Borrowings
We have a senior secured revolving credit agreement the ("Amended Credit Agreement") with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the "Lender") with an aggregate commitment of $30 million, subject to collateral availability. We also have a right to request from the lender, on an uncommitted basis, an increase of up to $20 million on the aggregate commitment (which could potentially increase the commitment amount to $50 million). We had $29.5 million borrowing base availability at September 30, 2020 under the terms of our Amended Credit Agreement, and our balance on the line of credit was $417,000. The maturity date of the Amended Credit Agreement is December 31, 2020. For further information, see Note 6, Credit Facility.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
We have contractual obligations and commitments that affect the results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. The following table is a summary of our significant cash contractual obligations as of September 30, 2020:

|  | Obligations Due in Period (in thousands)
Cash Contractual Obligations |  | 2020 (1) |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2024 |  | Thereafter |  |  |  | Total
Line of credit (secured) |  | $ | 417 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 417 |
Interest on line of credit (2) |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 2 |
Purchase obligations (3) |  | 18 |  |  | 250 |  |  | 250 |  |  | 79 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 597 |
Other long-term liabilities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 39 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 39 |
Lease liabilities (including interest) |  | 54 |  |  | 198 |  |  | 65 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 168 |  |  |  |  | 561 |
Total |  | $ | 491 |  |  | $ | 448 |  |  | $ | 354 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | 38 |  |  | $ | 168 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,616 |

(1) For the three months remaining in 2020.
(2) Assumes an interest rate of 1.44% and no additional borrowings.
(3) Vendor exclusive purchase agreement related to paint and coatings.
Critical Accounting Policies and Practices
There have been no changes in the critical accounting policies disclosed in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
Please read Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements in our condensed consolidated financial statements in this report.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
From time-to-time, we enter into off-balance sheet arrangements and transactions that can give rise to off-balance sheet obligations. As of September 30, 2020, the off-balance sheet arrangements and transactions that we have entered into include operating lease agreements and purchase agreements. We do not believe that these arrangements are reasonably likely to materially affect our liquidity or availability of capital resources.
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Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Except for historical information contained herein, the statements in this report are forward-looking and made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may cause our actual results in future periods to differ materially from forecasted results. Those risks include, among other things, the loss of market share through competition or otherwise; the introduction of competing technologies by other companies; a prolonged, substantial reduction in oil and natural gas prices, which could cause a decline in the demand for our products and services; and new governmental safety, health and environmental regulations, which could require us to make significant capital expenditures. The forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are only made as of the date of this report, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update such forward-looking statements to reflect subsequent events or circumstances. A discussion of these and other risk factors is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
There have been no changes in the market risks disclosed in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended or, the “Exchange Act”) as of December 31, 2019, pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating and implementing possible controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective due to material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting discussed below in Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018, we identified a material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting related to our accounting and reporting of income tax (expense) benefit and consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated statement of operations accounts. We did not design and maintain an effective control environment with formal accounting policies and controls to adequately provide sufficient information for the preparation of our tax provision to our third party tax professionals, and did not provide an appropriate level or sufficient review of the tax provision. The material weakness created a reasonable possibility that there could be a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements.
This material weakness resulted in an immaterial misstatement in the provision for income taxes in our consolidated financial statement as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. Consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K issued as of December 31, 2018 reflect the correction of this misstatement of income tax (expense) benefit, the related consolidated balance sheet and the consolidated operations statement accounts.
We have undergone evaluations, enhancements and implementation in our internal controls over financial reporting to address the identified material weakness. We have implemented various changes and enhancements to improve our controls related to the material weakness. Nevertheless, after testing, our improved controls were not considered remediated at year end 2019. Management has implemented further changes this year and expects this material weakness to be remediated by the end of 2020.
During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019, we identified another material weakness in internal controls over financial reporting related to our accounting and reporting of compressor "make-ready" jobs, as well as various other compressor maintenance jobs, that were inappropriately capitalized, resulting in immaterial increases to the Company’s cost of
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rentals and, to a much lesser extent, depreciation expense in prior periods. These increases in operating costs and expenses were immaterial to all prior annual and interim periods, but would have been material to the fourth quarter of 2019 if these cumulative operating costs and expenses were taken as an out-of-period adjustment. As detailed in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company revised its prior period financial statements to reflect these additional operating costs and expenses. As of the end of the third quarter of 2020, Management is continuing to implement changes in our internal controls to address these issues. We expect this material weakness to be remediated by the end of 2020.
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are a party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of our business. While management is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these actions, it believes that any ultimate liability arising from these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. We are not currently a party to any material legal proceedings and we are not aware of any threatened litigation.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Please refer to and read Item 1A, Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as well as an additional Risk Factor in our Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020, for a discussion of the risks associated with our Company and industry.
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Item 6. Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference, as indicated:

Exhibit No. | Description
3.1 | Articles of Incorporation, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the 10-QSB filed and dated November 10, 2004)
3.2 | Bylaws as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant's current report on form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 21, 2016.

10.2 | 2009 Restricted Stock/Unit Plan, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 3, 2014 and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 6, 2014.)
10.3 | Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 21, 2016.)
10.4 | Credit Agreement between Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., dated December 10, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 24, 2014.)
10.5 | Fifth Amendment of Credit Agreement between Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., dated August 31, 2017 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant's Current report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 7, 2017.)
10.6 | Security Agreement between Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., dated December 10, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 16, 2011.)
10.7 | Fifth Security Agreement between Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., dated September 28,2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 16, 2020).
10.8 | Promissory Note in the aggregate amount of $30,000,000 issued to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., dated August 31, 2017, in connection with the revolving credit line under the Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 7, 2017.)
10.10 | Amended and restated Employment Agreement dated April 27, 2015 between Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. and Stephen C. Taylor (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 29, 2015.)
10.11 | The Executive Nonqualified Excess Plan Adoption Agreement, referred to as the Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 of the Registrant's Quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2016.)

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10.12 | Annual Incentive Bonus Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission December 18, 2012.)
*31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*31.2 | Certification of Principal Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
*32.2 | Certification of Principal Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
| * Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP, INC.

/s/ Stephen C. Taylor |  | /s/ James R. Lawrence |
Stephen C. Taylor |  | James R. Lawrence |
President and Chief Executive Officer |  | Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
(Principal Executive Officer) |  | (Principal Accounting Officer) |
November 16, 2020 |  |  |

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