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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
For the six months ended June 30, 2013, the company recorded an income tax expense of $17.8 million, compared to an income tax expense of $26.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012. The decrease in the company's tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2013 relative to the prior year resulted primarily from the jurisdictional mix of pre-tax earnings and net discrete items, principally the effect of the American Tax Relief Act of 2012 signed into law on January 2, 2013, reserve releases related to statute of limitations expirations, a favorable audit settlement, and the effective settlement of other state uncertain tax benefits.  The effective tax rate varies from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 35% due to results of foreign operations that are subject to income taxes at different statutory rates and certain jurisdictions where the company cannot recognize tax benefits on current losses.
The company’s unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, were $38.7 million as of June 30, 2013, and $55.8 million as of June 30, 2012.  All of the company’s unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2013, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate. During the next twelve months, it is reasonably possible that federal, state and foreign tax audit resolutions could reduce unrecognized tax benefits and income tax expense by up to $6.9 million, either because the company’s tax positions are sustained on audit or settled, or the applicable statute of limitations closes.
Among other regular and ongoing examinations by federal and state jurisdictions globally, the company is under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the calendar years 2008 through 2011.  In August 2012, the company received a Notice of Proposed Assessment (“NOPA”) related to the disallowance of the deductibility of a $380.9 million foreign currency loss incurred in calendar year 2008.  In September 2012, the company responded to the NOPA indicating its formal disagreement and subsequently received an Examination Report which includes the proposed disallowance.  The largest potential adjustment for this matter could, if the IRS were to prevail, increase the company’s potential federal tax expense and cash outflow by approximately $134.0 million plus interest and penalties, if any.  The company filed a formal protest to the proposed adjustment during the fourth quarter of 2012.  In January 2013, the company received a formal rebuttal from the IRS and notification of the assignment of this matter to its Appeals division. The opening Appeals conference was held with the IRS on July 18, 2013. The company will continue to pursue all administrative and, if necessary, judicial remedies with respect to resolving this matter.  However, there can be no assurance that this matter will be resolved in the company’s favor.  The IRS also examined and proposed adjustments to the research and development credit generated in 2009; the company also formally disagreed with these adjustments.
The company regularly assesses the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from examinations to determine the adequacy of its tax reserves.  As of June 30, 2013, the company believes that it is more-likely-than-not that the tax positions it has taken will be sustained upon the resolution of its audits resulting in no material impact on its consolidated financial position and the results of operations and cash flows.  However, the final determination with respect to any tax audits, and any related litigation, could be materially different from the company’s estimates and/or from its historical income tax provisions and accruals and could have a material effect on operating results and/or cash flows in the periods for which that determination is made.  In addition, future period earnings may be adversely impacted by litigation costs, settlements, penalties, and/or interest assessments.
As of June 30, 2013, there have been no significant developments in the quarter with respect to the company’s other ongoing tax audits in various jurisdictions.