Rationalizations and Impairments

Throughout 2013, 2014 and 2015 the Company undertook rationalization plans in order to streamline our organization and lower our production costs. The total rationalization and related charges incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2015 are as follows:



All Plans	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2014									For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Industrial Materials Segment			Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other		Total		Industrial Materials Segment		Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other			Total
										(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Accelerated depreciation	$	3,832		$	413	$	—	$	4,245	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—
Inventory loss	(148		)	11,057		—		10,909		—		144		—			144
Fixed asset write-offs and other	4,403			131		—		4,534		413		1,072		—			1,485
Recorded in Research and Development
Accelerated depreciation	—			—		—		—		—		—		319			319
Recorded in Selling and General Administrative
Other	53			—		—		53		400		292		(276		)	416
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	304			—		—		304		104		1,641		(130		)	1,615
Contract terminations	527			—		—		527		—		154		—			154
Total	$	8,971		$	11,601	$	—	$	20,572	$	917	$	3,303	$	(87	)	$	4,133

In the three months ended June 30, 2015, in connection with our rationalization initiatives, two sites, located respectively in Salvador, Brazil and in Pennsylvania, United States, substantially completed their decommissioning efforts and met the criteria for assets held for sale. Because the carrying value of the sites did not exceed their estimated fair value, no additional impairment was recorded. As of June 30, 2015, the sites held for sale represent $1.7 million of assets reported under "Property, plant and equipment" and $0.5 million of liabilities, reported under "Other accrued liabilities".



All Plans	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2014									For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Industrial Materials Segment		Engineered Solutions Segment			Corp, R&D and Other		Total		Industrial Materials Segment			Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other			Total
										(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Accelerated depreciation	$	20,852	$	826		$	—	$	21,678	$	432		$	—	$	—		$	432
Inventory loss	667		11,048			—		11,715		(61		)	947		—			886
Fixed asset write-offs and other	3,909		131			—		4,040		1,655			973		—			2,628
Recorded in Research and Development
Accelerated depreciation	—		—			—		—		—			—		940			940
Recorded in Selling and General Administrative
Other	78		—			—		78		400			295		790			1,485
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	418		(28		)	—		390		157			4,006		(130		)	4,033
Contract terminations	528		—			—		527		25			204		—			229
Total	$	26,452	$	11,977		$	—	$	38,428	$	2,608		$	6,425	$	1,600		$	10,633

2013 Industrial Materials Rationalization

On October 31, 2013, we announced a global initiative to reduce our Industrial Materials segment's cost base and improve our competitive position. As part of this initiative, we ceased production at our two highest cost graphite electrode plants, located in Brazil and South Africa, as well as a machine shop in Russia. Our graphite electrode capacity was reduced by approximately 60,000 metric tons as a result of these actions. In parallel, we adopted measures for reductions in overhead and related corporate operations. These actions and measures reduced global headcount by approximately 600 people, or approximately 20 percent of our global workforce. These actions were substantially completed during the first half of 2014.

2013 Engineered Solutions Rationalization

In order to optimize our Engineered Solutions platform and improve our cost structure, we also initiated actions to centralize certain operations and reduce overhead in our Engineered Solutions segment. These actions reduced global headcount by approximately 40 people and were substantially completed during 2014.

Total 2013 Rationalization Initiatives Impact to Financial Results

Charges incurred related to the 2013 rationalization initiatives for the six months ended June 30, 2014 and June 30, 2015 are as follows:



2013 Plans	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2014									For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Industrial Materials Segment			Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other		Total		Industrial Materials Segment		Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other		Total
										(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Accelerated depreciation	$	3,832		$	413	$	—	$	4,245	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Inventory loss	(148		)	496		—		348		—		—		—		—
Fixed asset write-offs and other	4,403			131		—		4,534		413		249		—		662
Recorded in Selling and General Administrative
Other	52			—		—		52		—		—		—		—
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	304			—		—		304		10		146		—		156
Contract terminations	528			—		—		528		—		—		—		—
Total	$	8,971		$	1,040	$	—	$	10,011	$	423	$	395	$	—	$	818



2013 Plans	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2014									For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Industrial Materials Segment		Engineered Solutions Segment			Corp, R&D and Other		Total		Industrial Materials Segment			Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other		Total
										(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Accelerated depreciation	$	20,852	$	826		$	—	$	21,678	$	432		$	—	$	—	$	432
Inventory loss	667		486			—		1,153		(61		)	—		—		(61		)
Fixed asset write-offs and other	3,909		131			—		4,040		1,655			258		—		1,913
Recorded in Selling and General Administrative
Other	78		—			—		78		—			—		—		—
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	418		(28		)	—		390		97			146		—		243
Contract terminations	528		—			—		528		25			—		—		25
Total	$	26,452	$	1,415		$	—	$	27,867	$	2,148		$	404	$	—	$	2,552

The following table represents the roll-forward of the liability incurred for employee termination benefits and contract termination costs incurred in connection with the the rationalization initiatives described above. This liability is recorded as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



2013 Plans
	(Dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2013	$	18,421
Charges incurred	613
Change in estimates	153
Payments and settlements	(16,494		)
Effect of change in currency exchange rates	(1,658		)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	1,035
Charges incurred	41
Change in estimates	229
Payments and settlements	(1,132		)
Effect of change in currency exchange rates	(91		)
Balance as of June 30, 2015	$	82

2014 Engineered Solutions Rationalization

On July 29, 2014, we announced additional rationalization initiatives to increase profitability, reduce cost and improve global competitiveness in our Engineered Solutions segment. During the second quarter of 2014, worldwide pricing of our isomolded graphite products ("isomolded") within our Advanced Graphite Material ("AGM") product group, as well as our expectation of future pricing, significantly eroded, driven by significant over-capacity and recent competitor responses. In addition, solar product demand continued to erode, with polysilicon, silicon and silicon wafer production migrating to China. New competitors servicing this industry commenced production in China at pricing levels making the market now unprofitable. As a result of these conditions, the Company decided to cease isomolded production and pursue alternative supply chain relationships in our isomolded product line.

As a result of the above, we tested our long-lived assets used to produce advanced graphite materials for recovery, based on undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of these assets. The carrying value of the assets exceeded these undiscounted cash flow and, accordingly, we estimated the fair-value of these long-lived assets based on a market participant view. This resulted in an impairment charge totaling 121.6 million during 2014, and included the impairment of certain acquired customer relationship and technology intangible assets.

Charges incurred related to the 2014 Engineered Solutions rationalization initiatives in 2015 are as follows:



2014 Engineered Solutions Rationalization	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2014		For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Engineered Solutions Segment
	(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Inventory loss	10,562		109
Fixed asset write-offs and other	—		360
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	—		(733		)
Total	$	10,562	$	(264	)



2014 Engineered Solutions Rationalization	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2014		For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Engineered Solutions Segment
	(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Inventory loss	$	10,562	$	543
Fixed asset write-offs and other	—		358
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	—		(749		)
Contract terminations	—		50
Total	$	10,562	$	202

The following table represents the roll-forward of the liability incurred for employee termination benefits and contract termination costs incurred in connection with the 2014 Engineered Solutions rationalization initiatives described above. This liability is recorded as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



2014 Engineered Solutions Plan
	(Dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2013	$	—
Charges incurred	2,611
Change in estimates	(40		)
Payments and settlements	(916		)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	1,655
Charges incurred	50
Change in estimates	(749		)
Payments and settlements	(780		)
Balance as of June 30, 2015	$	176

2014 Corporate and Research & Development Rationalization

During the third quarter of 2014, we announced the conclusion of another phase of our on-going company-wide cost savings assessment. This resulted in changes to the Company’s operating and management structure in order to streamline, simplify and decentralize the organization. These actions are designed to reduce costs by a combination of reduced contractor costs, attrition, early retirements and layoffs. Additionally, the Company downsized its corporate functions by approximately 25 percent, relocated to a smaller, more cost effective corporate headquarters and established a new Technology and Innovation Center. The 2014 Corporate and Research and Development rationalization plan will result in approximately $20 million of charges consisting of severance, accelerated depreciation and other related costs, of which approximately $14 million have been incurred through June 30, 2015. Approximately $12 million of these costs will be cash outlays, the majority of which are expected to be disbursed in 2015.

Charges incurred related to the 2014 Corporate and Research & Development rationalization initiatives for 2015 are as follows:



2014 Corporate, Research and Development Rationalization	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015										For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Industrial Materials Segment		Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other			Total			Industrial Materials Segment		Engineered Solutions Segment		Corp, R&D and Other			Total
											(Dollars in thousands)
Recorded in Cost of Sales
Fixed asset write-offs and other	—		1		—			$	1		—		1		—			1
Recorded in Research and Development
Accelerated depreciation	—		—		319			$	319		—		—		940			940
Recorded in Selling and General Administrative
Other	400		—		(276		)	$	124		400		—		790			1,190
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	94		8		(130		)	$	(28	)	60		8		(130		)	(62		)
Total	$	494	$	9	$	(87	)	$	416		$	460	$	9	$	1,600		$	2,069

The following table represents the roll-forward of the liability incurred for employee termination benefits and contract termination costs incurred in connection with the 2014 Corporate and Research & Development rationalization initiatives described above. This liability is recorded as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



2014 Corporate and R&D Plan
	(Dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2013	$	—
Charges incurred	8,159
Change in estimates	21
Payments and settlements	(1,155		)
Effect of change in currency exchange rates	(152		)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	6,873
Charges incurred	(34		)
Change in estimates	(28		)
Payments and settlements	(4,199		)
Effect of change in currency exchange rates	(5		)
Balance as of June 30, 2015	$	2,607

2015 Advanced Graphite Materials Rationalization

On March 2, 2015, GrafTech announced plans to further optimize the production platform for its advanced graphite materials business. These actions included the closure of our Notre Dame, France facility and further reductions in force in our Columbia, Tennessee facility and other locations totaling approximately 85 people. The 2015 Advanced Graphite Materials rationalization plan will result in approximately $10 million of charges consisting of severance, inventory losses and other related costs. Approximately $8 million of these costs will be cash outlays, the majority of which are expected to be disbursed in 2015.

Charges incurred related to the 2015 Advanced Graphite Materials rationalization initiative for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 are as follows:



2015 Advanced Graphite Materials Rationalization	For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2015		For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2015
	Engineered Solutions Segment

Recorded in Cost of Sales
Inventory loss	35		404
Fixed asset write-offs and other	461		356
Recorded in Selling and General Administrative
Other	292		295
Recorded in Rationalizations
Severance and related costs	2,220		4,601
Contract terminations	154		154
Total	$	3,162	$	5,810

The following table represents the roll-forward of the liability incurred for employee termination benefits and contract termination costs incurred in connection with the 2015 Advanced Graphite Materials rationalization initiative described above. This liability is recorded as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.



2015 Advanced Graphite Materials Rationalization
	(Dollars in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	$	—
Charges incurred	4,834
Payments and settlements	(263		)
Effect of change in currency exchange rates	(38		)
Balance as of June 30, 2015	$	4,533