In the normal course of business, we are exposed to certain risks related to fluctuations in currency exchange rates, commodity prices and interest rates. We use various derivative financial instruments, primarily foreign currency derivatives, commodity derivative contracts, and interest rate swaps as part of our overall strategy to manage risks from these market fluctuations.

Certain of our derivative contracts contain provisions that require us to provide collateral. Since the counterparties to these financial instruments are large commercial banks and similar financial institutions, we do not believe that we are exposed to material counterparty credit risk. We do not anticipate nonperformance by any of the counterparties to our instruments.

We enter into foreign currency derivatives from time to time to attempt to manage exposure to changes in currency exchange rates. These foreign currency instruments, which include, but are not limited to, forward exchange contracts and purchased currency options, are used to hedge global currency exposures such as foreign currency denominated debt, receivables, payables, sales and purchases.

Foreign currency forward and swap contracts are used to mitigate the foreign exchange risk of balance sheet items. These derivatives are fair value hedges. Gains and losses from these derivatives are recorded in cost of sales and they are largely offset by the financial impact of translating foreign currency-denominated payables and receivables.

In the first quarter of 2022, we entered into foreign currency derivatives with maturities of one to 12 months in order to protect against the risk that cash flows associated with certain sales and purchases denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar will be adversely affected by future changes in foreign exchange rates. These derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges. The resulting unrealized gains or losses from these derivatives are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") and subsequently, when realized, are reclassified to net sales or cost of sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations when the hedged exposures affect earnings.

We enter into commodity derivative contracts for refined oil products. These contracts are entered into to protect against the risk that eventual cash flows related to these products will be adversely affected by future changes in prices. In the fourth quarter of 2017, we began to enter into LTAs, with many of our customers and began to hedge the cash flows related to these contracts. The unrealized gains or losses related to commodity derivative contracts designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in AOCI and subsequently, when realized, are reclassified to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations when the hedged item impacts earnings, which is when the finished product is sold.

We utilize interest rate swaps to limit exposure to market fluctuations on our variable-rate debt. Each derivative agreement's unrealized gain or loss is recorded in AOCI and, when realized, is recorded to interest expense.

We entered into interest rate swap contracts that are "pay fixed, receive variable." Our risk management objective was to fix our cash flows associated with the risk in variability in the one-month USD LIBOR for a portion of our outstanding debt. It was expected that the swaps would fix the cash flows associated with the forecasted interest payments on our debt to an effective fixed interest rate of 4.2%, which could be lowered to 3.95% depending on credit ratings. Since their modification concurrent with the 2018 Term Loan Facility modification in the first quarter of 2021, the swaps contain an other-than-insignificant financing element. As such, they are considered hybrid instruments composed of a debt host and an embedded derivative and the associated cash (outflows)/inflows are classified as financing (use)/source of cash.

The debt host portion amounted to a liability of $6.4 million as of March 31, 2022 with $2.6 million included in "Other accrued liabilities" and $3.8 million in "Other long-term obligations" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2021, the debt host portion amounted to a liability of $7.0 million, with $2.6 million included in "Other accrued liabilities" and $4.4 million included in "Other long-term obligations" on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The corresponding loss is accounted for in AOCI and is being amortized over the remaining life of the swaps. The embedded derivative is treated as a cash flow hedge.

In the first quarter of 2022, in connection with the $70.0 million principal repayment of the 2018 Term Loan Facility discussed in Note 4, "Debt and Liquidity," and our probability assessment of the variable-rate debt remaining outstanding through the term of the swaps, we de-designated one interest rate swap contract with a $250.0 million notional amount, maturing in the third quarter of 2024. The fair value of the embedded derivative at the de-designation date was $6.6 million and was recorded in AOCI and will be amortized into interest expense over the remaining life of the swap. The change in fair value of the embedded derivative from the de-designation date to March 31, 2022 was a gain of $3.9 million and was recorded in interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. If the derivative is designated and effective as a cash flow hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recognized in AOCI until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative's fair value, if any, is recognized in earnings immediately. If a derivative is not a hedge, changes in the fair value are adjusted through earnings. The fair values of the outstanding derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet as assets (if the derivatives are in a gain position) or liabilities (if the derivatives are in a loss position). The fair values will also be classified as short-term or long-term depending upon their maturity dates. The fair value of all of our derivatives was determined using Level 2 inputs.


	As of March 31, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
	Notional Amount		Notional Amount
	(Dollars in thousands)
Derivative instruments designated as hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives	$	85,664	$	—
Commodity derivative contracts	9,737		19,474
Interest rate swap contracts	250,000		500,000

Derivative instruments not designated as hedges:
Foreign currency derivatives	$	69,184	$	99,260
Interest rate swap contracts	250,000		—

The following table summarizes the fair value of our outstanding derivatives designated as hedges (on a gross basis) and balance sheet classification as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	As of March 31, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
	Fair Value		Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
Prepaid and other current assets
Commodity derivative contracts	$	9,509	$	8,469
Interest rate swap contracts	2,740		—
Total	$	12,249	$	8,469

Other assets
Interest rate swap contracts	$	7,649	$	6,060
Total	$	7,649	$	6,060

Other accrued liabilities
Foreign currency derivatives	$	(963)	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts	—		(140)
Total	$	(963)	$	(140)

Net asset (liability)	$	18,935	$	14,389

As a result of the settlement of commodity derivative contracts, as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, net realized pre-tax gains of $16.5 million and net realized pre-tax losses of $5.0 million, respectively, were reported in AOCI and will be (were) released to earnings within the following 12 months. See the table below for amounts recognized in the Statement of Operations.

The realized (gains) losses on cash flow hedges are recognized in the Statements of Operations when the hedged item impacts earnings and are as follows for the periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:


		Amount of (Gain)/Loss Recognized
	Location of Realized (Gain)/Loss Recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:		(Dollars in thousands)
Commodity derivative contracts	Cost of sales	$	(2,978)	$	549
Interest rate swap contracts	Interest expense	421		1,330

The following table summarizes the fair value of our outstanding derivatives not designated as hedging instruments (on a gross basis) and balance sheet classification as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


	As of March 31, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
	Fair Value		Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)
Prepaid and other current assets
Interest rate swap contracts	$	2,735	$	—
Foreign currency derivatives	474		388

Other assets
Interest rate swap contracts	7,605		—

Other accrued liabilities
Foreign currency derivatives	(154)		(2)

Net asset (liability)	$	10,660	$	386