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Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Significant Accounting Policies | 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of consolidation The financial statements of entities which are controlled by Net1, referred to as subsidiaries, are consolidated. Inter-company accounts and transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. The Company, if it is the primary beneficiary, consolidates entit ies which are considered to be variable interest entities (“VIE”). The primary beneficiary is considered to be the entity that will absorb a majority of the entity's expected losses, receive a majority of the entity's expected residual returns, or both. No entities were required to be consolidated as a result of these requirements during the years ended June 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018. Business combinations The Company accounts for its business acquis itions under the acquisition method of accounting. The total value of the consideration paid for acquisitions is allocated to the underlying net assets acquired, based on their respective estimated fair values. The Company uses a number of valuation method s to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities acquired, including discounted cash flows, external market values, valuations on recent transactions or a combination thereof, and believes that it uses the most appropriate measure or a combination o f measures to value each asset or liability. The Company recognizes measurement-period adjustments in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP r equires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses du ring the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Translation of foreign currencies The primary functional currency of the consolidated entities is the South African Rand (“ZAR”) and its reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates for the period. Translation gains and losses are reported in accumulated other comprehensive inco me in total equity. Foreign exchange transactions are translated at the spot rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary items are translated at the closing spot rate at the balance sheet date. Transactional gains and losses are recognized in se lling, general and administration expense on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the period. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and funds deposited in bank accounts with financial institutions that are liquid, unrestricted and readily available. Cash that is restricted as to use is classified as restricted cash and includes cash drawn under the Company’s borrowings and used to fund its ATMs, refer to Note 13. Allowa nce for doubtful accounts receivable Allowance for doubtful finance loans receivable The Company regularly reviews the ageing of outstanding amounts due from borrowers and adjusts the allowance based on management’s estimate of the recoverability of the finance loans receivable. The Company writes off microlending finance loans receivable and related service fees and interest if a borrower is in arrears with repayments for more than three months or dies. The Company writes off working capital finance rece ivables and related fees when it is evident that reasonable recovery procedures, including where deemed necessary, formal legal action, have failed. Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable A specific provision is established where it is considered lik ely that all or a portion of the amount due from customers renting point of sale (“POS”) equipment, receiving support and maintenance or transaction services or purchasing licenses or S IM cards from the Company will not be recovered. Non-recoverability is assessed based on a review by management of the ageing of outstanding amounts, the location and the payment history of the customer in relation to those specific amounts. Inventory Inventory is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis and includes transport and handling costs. Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment are shown at cost less accumulated depreciation. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated on the straight-line basis at rates which are estimated to amortize the assets to their anticipated residual values over their useful lives. Within the following asset classifications, the expected economic lives are approximately: Computer eq uipment 3 to 8 years Office equipment 2 to 10 years Vehicles 3 to 8 years Furniture and fittings 3 to 10 years Buildings and structures 8 to 30 years The gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an asset is determined as the difference betwee n the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in income. Leases The Company determines whether an arrangement is a leas e at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets (“ROU”), operating l ease liability - current, and operating lease liability – long term in its con solidated balance sheets. The Company does not have any significant finance leases as of June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, but its policy is to include finance leases in property and equipment, other payables, and other long-term liabilities in its con solidated balance sheets. A ROU asset represents the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and the lease liabilities represent its obliga tion to make lease payments arising from the lease arrangement. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company generally use s its incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease pre payments made and excludes lease incentives. The terms of the Company’s lease arrangements may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease paym ents is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company does not recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for lease arrangements with a term of twelve months or less. The Company accounts for all components in a lease arrangement as a single combined lease component. Costs incurred in the adaptation of leased properties to serve the requirements of the Company (leasehold improvements) are capitalized and amortized ove r the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the remaining term of the lease. Equity-accounted investments The Company uses the equity method to account for investments in companies when it has significant influence but not control over t he operations of the company. Under the equity method, the Company initially records the investment at cost and thereafter adjusts the carrying value of the investment to recognize the proportional share of the equity-accounted company’s net income or loss. In addition, when an investment qualifies for the equity method (as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence), the cost of acquiring the additional interest in the investee is added to the current basis of the Com pany’s previously held interest and the equity method would be applied subsequently from the date on which the Company obtains the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee. Any unrealized holding gains or losses in accumulated other co mprehensive income related to an available for sale security that is subsequently required to be accounted for utilizing the equity method are recognized in earnings as of the date on which the investment qualifies for the equity method. The Company does n ot recognize cumulative losses in excess of its investment or loans in an equity-accounted investment except if it has an obligation to provide additional financial support. Dividends received from an equity-accounted investment reduce the carrying value o f the Company’s investment. The Company has elected to classify distributions received from equity method investees using the nature of the distribution approach. This election requires the Company to evaluate each distribution received on the basis of the source of the payment and classify the distribution as either operating cash inflows or investing cash inflows. The Company reviews its equity-accounted investments for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the i nvestment may not be recoverable. Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquired enterprise over the fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company tests for impairment of goodwill on a n annual basis and at any other time if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the reporting unit goodwill below its carrying amount. Circumstances that could trigger an impairment test include but are not limited to: a significant adverse change in the business climate or legal factors; an adverse action or assessment by a regulator; unanticipated competition; loss of key personnel; the likelihood that a reporting unit or significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or otherwise disposed; and results of testing for recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit. If goodwill is allocated to a reporting unit and the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value of t hat reporting unit, an impairment loss is recorded in the statement of operations. Measurement of the fair value of a reporting unit is based on one or more of the following fair value measures: the amount at which the unit as a whole could be bought or so ld in a current transaction between willing parties; present value techniques of estimated future cash flows; or valuation techniques based on multiples of earnings or revenue, or a similar performance measure. Intangible assets Intangible assets are shown at cost less accumulated amortization. Intangible assets are amortized over the following useful lives: Customer relationships 1 to 15 years Software and unpatented technology 3 to 5 years FTS patent 10 year s Exclusive licenses 7 years Trademarks 3 to 20 years Intangible assets are periodically evaluated for recoverability, and those evaluations take into account events or circumstances that warrant revised estimates of useful lives or that indicate that impairment exists. Debt and equ ity securities Debt securities The Company is required to classify all applicable debt securities as either trading securities, available-for-sale or held to maturity upon investment in the security. Trading Debt securities acquired by the Company whi ch it intends to sell in the short-term are classified as trading securities and are initially measured at fair value. These debt securities are subsequently measured at fair value and realized and unrealized gains and losses from these trading securities are included in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. Classification of a debt security as a trading security is not precluded simply because the Company does not intend to sell the security in the short term. The Company had no debt securiti es that were classified as trading securities as of June 30, 20 20 and 201 9, respectively. Available for sale Debt securities acquired by the Company that have readily determinable fair values are classified as available for sale if the Company has not cl assified them as trading securities or if it does not have the ability or positive intent to hold the debt security until maturity. The Company is required to make an election to account for these debt securities as available for sale. These available for sale debt securities are initially measured at fair value. These debt securities are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses from available for sale investments in debt securities reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes, in shareholders’ equity. The Company had no debt securities that were classified as available for sale securities as of June 30, 20 20 and 201 9, respectively. Held to maturity Debt securities acquired by the Company which it has the ability and the positive intent to hold to maturity are classified as held to maturity debt securities. The Company is required to make an election to classify these debt securities as held to maturi ty and these securities are carried at amortized cost. The amortized cost of held to maturity debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Interest received from the held to maturity security together wit h this amortization is included in interest income in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. The Company had a held to maturity security as of June 30, 20 20 and 201 9, respectively, refer to Note 10. Impairment of debt securities The Company’s available for sale and held to maturity debt securities with unrealized losses are reviewed quarterly to identify other-than-temporary impairments in value. With regard to available for sale and held to maturity debt securities, the Company considers (i) the ability and intent to hold the debt security for a period of time to allow for recovery of value (ii) whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security; and (iii) whether it expects to recover the entire carrying amount of the debt security. The Company records an impairment loss in its consolidated statement of operations representing the difference between the debt securities carrying value and the current fair value as of the date of the impairment if the Company determines that it intends to sell the debt security or if that it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the debt security before recovery of the amortized cost basis. However, the impairment loss is split between a credit loss and a non-credit loss for debt securities that the Company determines that it does not intend to sell or that it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell the debt securit ies before the recovery of the amortized cost basis. The credit loss portion, which is measured as the difference between the debt security’s cost basis and the present value of expected future cash flows, is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. The non-credit loss po rtion, which is measured as the difference between the debt security’s cost basis and its current fair value, is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. Equity securities Equity securities are measured at fair value. Changes in the fair value of equity securities are recorded in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations within the caption titled “change in fair value of equity securities”. The Company may elect to measure equity securities without readily determinable f air values at its cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer (“cost minus changes in observable prices equity securities”). There were no changes in the fair value of our cost minus changes in observable prices equity securities during the year s ended June 30, 20 20 and 2019, respectively. The Company performs a qualitative assessment on a quarterly basis and recognizes an im pairment loss if there are sufficient indicators that the fair value of the equity security is less than its carrying value. Policy reserves and liabilities Reserves for policy benefits and claims payable The Company determines its reserves for policy benefits under its life insurance products using a model which estimates claims incurred that have not been reported and total present value of disability claims-in-payment at the balance sheet date. This mode l allows for best estimate assumptions based on experience (where sufficient) plus prescribed margins, as required in the markets in which these products are offered, namely South Africa. The best estimate assumptions include (i) mortality and morbidity assumptions reflecting the company’s most recent experience and (ii) claim reporting delays reflecting Company specific and industry experience. Most of the disability claims-in-payment reserve is reinsured and the reported values were based on the reserve held by the relevant reinsurer. The values of matured guaranteed endowments are increased by late payment interest (net of the asset management fee and allowance for tax on investment income). Deposits on investment contracts For the Company’s interest-sensitive life contracts, liabilities approximate the policyholder’s account value. Reinsurance contracts held The Company enters into reinsurance contracts with reinsurers under which the Company is compensated for the entire amount or a portion of losses arising on one or more of the insurance contracts it issues. The expected benefits to which the Company is entitled under its reinsurance contracts held are recognized as reinsurance assets. These assets consist of short-ter m balances due from reinsurers (classified within Accounts receivable, net and other receivables) as well as long-term receivables (classified within other long-term assets) that are dependent on the expected claims and benefits arising under the related r einsurance contracts. Amounts recoverable from or due to reinsurers are measured consistently with the amounts associated with the reinsured contracts and in accordance with the terms of each reinsurance contract. Reinsurance assets are assessed for impair ment at each balance sheet date. If there is reliable objective evidence that amounts due may not be recoverable, the Company reduces the carrying amount of the reinsurance asset to its recoverable amount and recognizes that impairment loss in its consolid ated statement of operations. Reinsurance premiums are recognized when due for payment under each reinsurance contract. Redeemable common stock Common stock that is redeemable (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder, or (3) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of Company is presented outside of total Net1 equity (i.e. permanent equity). Redeemable common stock is initially recognized at issuance date fair value and the Company does not adjust the issuance date fair value if redemption is not probable. The Company re-measures the redeemable common stock to the maximum redemption amount at the balance sheet date once redemption is probable. Reduction in the carryi ng amount of the redeemable common stock is only appropriate to the extent that the Company has previously recorded increases in the carrying amount of the redeemable equity instrument as the redeemable common stock may be not be carried at an amount that is less than the initial amount reported outside of permanent equity. Redeemable common stock is reclassified as permanent equity when presentation outside permanent equity is no longer required (if, for example, a redemption feature lapses, or there is a modification of the terms of the instrument). The existing carrying amount of the redeemable common stock is reclassified to permanent equity at the date of the event that caused the reclassification and prior period consolidated financial statements are not adjusted. Revenue recognition The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. The Company enters into contracts that can include various combinations of products and services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is recognized net of allowances for returns and any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Nature of products and services Customers that have a bank account managed by the Company are issued cards that can be utilized to withdraw funds at an ATM or to transact at a merchant point o f sale device (“POS”). The Company earns processing fees from transactions processed for these customers. The Company’s contracts specify a transaction price for each service provided (for instance, ATM withdrawal, balance enquiry, etc.). Processing revenu e fluctuates based on the type and volume of transactions performed by the customer. Revenue is recognized on the completion of the processed transaction. Account holder fees The Company provides bank accounts to customers and this service is underwritten by a regulated banking institution because the Company is not a bank. The Company charges its customers a fixed monthly bank account administration fee for all active bank acc ounts regardless of whether the account holder has transacted or not. The Company recognizes account holder fees on a monthly basis on all active bank accounts. Revenue from account holder’s fees fluctuates based on the number of active bank accounts. Len ding revenue The Company provides short-term loans to customers in South Africa and charges up-front initiation fees and monthly service fees. Initiation fees are recognized using the effective interest rate method, which requires the utilization of the r ate of return implicit in the loan, that is, the contractual interest rate adjusted for any net deferred loan fees or costs, premium, or discount existing at the origination or acquisition of the loan. Monthly service fee revenue is recognized under the co ntractual terms of the loan. The monthly service fee amount is fixed upon initiation and does not change over the term of the loan. Technology products The Company supplies hardware and licenses for its customers to use the Company’s technology. Hardware includes the sale of POS devices, SIM cards and other consumables which can occur on an ad hoc basis. The Company recognizes revenue from hardware at the transaction price specified in the contract as the hardware is delivered to the customer. Licenses include the right to use certain technology developed by the Company and the associated revenue is recognized ratably over the license period. Insurance r evenue The Company writes life insurance contracts, and policy holders pay the Company a monthly insurance premium at the beginning of each month. Premium revenue is recognized on a monthly basis net of policy lapses. Policy lapses are provided for on the basis of expected non-payment of policy premiums. Welfare benefit distribution fees The Company provided a welfare benefits distribution service in South Africa to a customer under a contract which expired on September 30, 2018. The Company was required to distribute social welfare grants to identified recipients using an internally developed payment platform at designated distribution points (pay points) which enabled the recipients to access their grants. The contract specified a fixed fee per account for one or more grants received by a recipient. The Company recognized revenue for each grant recipient paid at the fixed fee. Telecom products and services Through DNI, the Company entered into contracts with mobile networks in South Africa to distribut e subscriber identity modules (“SIM”) cards on their behalf. The Company was entitled to receive consideration based on the activation of each SIM as well as from a percentage of the value loaded onto each SIM. The Company recognizes revenue from these ser vices once the criteria specified for activation had been met as well as when it was entitled to its consideration related to the value loaded onto the SIM. Revenue from contracts with mobile networks fluctuates based on the number of SIMs activated as well as on the value loaded onto the SIM s. As described in Note 3, the Company disposed of its controlling interest in DNI on March 31, 2019. The Company purchases airtime for resale to customers. The Company recognizes revenue as t he airtime is delivered to the customer. Revenue from the resale of airtime to customers fluctuates based on the volume of airtime sold. Significant judgments and estimates The Company was subject to a court process regarding the determination of the price to be charged for welfare benefit distribution services provided from April 1, 2018 to September 30, 2018. In December 2018, the Constitutional Court of South Africa clarif ied that it was not required to ratify the price and stated that the parties should reach an agreement on the price, failing which they should approach the lower courts in South Africa. The Company has initiated discussions with SASSA, but the parties have not reached agreement regarding the pricing for services provided through September 30, 2018. Management determined, under previous revenue guidance, that there was no evidence of an arrangement at a fixed and determinable price other than that noted in t he court ordered extension provided in March 2018 and did not record any additional revenue related to the services provided from April 1, 2018 to June 30, 2018, and recorded revenue at the rate specified in the contract. Upon adoption of the new revenue g uidance on July 1, 2018, the Company determined that it was unable to estimate the amount of revenue that it is entitled to receive because no agreement with SASSA had been reached at that date. Accordingly, the Company did not record any additional revenu e during the year ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to the price to be charged for welfare benefit distribution services provided through September 30, 2018. The Company recorded revenue at the rate specified in the contract. The Company expect ed to record any additional revenue once there wa s agreement between the Company and SASSA on the fee. However, agreement had not been reached by May 31, 2020, and following the deconsolidation of CPS, refer to Note 3, any additional revenue earned by CPS after June 1, 2020, would not be included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and therefore this matter is no longer considered an area of judgment. Accounts Receivable, Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities The Company recognizes accounts receivable when its right to consideration under its contracts with customers becomes unconditional. The Company has no contract assets or contract liabilities. Research and development expenditure Research and developmen t expenditure is charged to net income in the period in which it is incurred. During the years ended June 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred research and development expenditures of $1,6 million, $0,7 million and $0,8 million, respectively. Computer software development Product development costs in respect of software intended for sale to licensees are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility is attained. Technological feasibility is attained when the Company’s software has completed system testing and has been determined to be viable for its intended use. The time between the attainment of technological feasibi lity and completion of software development is generally short with immaterial amounts of development costs incurred during this period. Costs in respect of the development of software for the Company’s internal use are expensed as incurred, except to the extent that these costs are incurred during the application development stage. All other costs including those incurred in the project development and post-implementation stages are expensed as incurred. Income taxes The Company provides for income taxes using the asset and liability method. This approach recognizes the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year, as well as deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequence of events rec ognized in the financial statements and tax returns. Deferred income taxes are adjusted to reflect the effects of changes in tax laws or enacted tax rates. The Company measured its South African income taxes and deferred income taxes for the years ended June 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, using the enacted statutory tax rate in South Africa of 28%. In establishing the appropriate deferred tax asset valuation allowances, the Company assesses the realizabi lity of its deferred tax assets, and based on all available evidence, both positive and negative, determines whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets or a portion thereof will be realized. Reserves for uncertain tax positions are re cognized in the financial statements for positions which are not considered more likely than not of being sustained based on the technical merits of the position on audit by the tax authorities. For positions that meet the more likely than not standard, th e measurement of the tax benefit recognized in the financial statements is based upon the largest amount of tax benefit that, in management’s judgement, is greater than 50% likely of being realized based on a cumulative probability assessment of the possib le outcomes. The Company’s policy is to include interest related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense and penalties in selling, general and administration in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected the period cost me thod and records U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to global intangible low taxed income (“GILTI”) as a current-period expense when incurred. Stock-based compensation Stock-based compensation represents the cost related to stock-based awards gran ted. The Company measures equity-based stock-based compensation cost at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and recognizes the cost as an expense on a straight-line basis (net of estimated forfeitures) over the requisite service period. In respect of awards with only service conditions that have a graded vesting schedule, the Company recognizes compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. The forfeiture rate is estimated using historical trends of the number of awards forfeited prior to vesting. The expense is recorded in the statement of operations and classified based on the recipients’ respective functions. The Company records deferred tax assets for awards that result in de ductions on the Company’s income tax returns, based on the amount of compensation cost recognized and the Company’s statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which it will receive a deduction. Differences between the deferred tax assets recognized for fina ncial reporting purposes and the actual tax deduction reported on the Company’s income tax return are recorded in taxation expense in the statement of operations. Equity instruments issued to third parties Equity instruments issued to third parties repre sents the cost related to equity instruments granted. The Company measures this cost at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and recognizes the cost as an expense on a straight-line basis (net of estimated forfeitures) over the r equisite service period. The forfeiture rate is estimated based on the Company’s expectation of the number of awards that will be forfeited prior to vesting. The Company records deferred tax assets for equity instrument awards that result in deductions on the Company’s income tax returns, based on the amount of equity instrument cost recognized and the Company’s statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which it will receive a deduction. Differences between the deferred tax assets recognized for financial r eporting purposes and the actual tax deduction reported on the Company’s income tax return are recorded in the statement of operations. Settlement assets and settlement obligations Settlement assets comprise (1) cash received from credit card companies (as well as other types of payment services) which have business relationships with merchants selling goods and services via the internet that are the Company’s customers and on whose behalf it processes the transactions between various parties, (2), up until the sale of FIHRST, refer to Note 3, cash received from customers on whose behalf the Company processes payroll payments that the Company will disburse to customer employees, payroll-related payees and other payees designated by the customer, and (3), up until the expiration of the SASSA contract on September 30, 2018, cash received from the South African government that the Company holds pending disbursement to recipient cardholders of social welfare grants. Settlement obligations comprise (1) amounts that the Company is obligated to disburs e to merchants selling goods and services via the internet that are the Company’s customers and on whose behalf it processes the transactions between various parties and settles the funds from the credit card companies to the Company’s merchant customers, (2), up until the sale of FIHRST, amounts that the Company is obligated to pay to customer employees, payroll-related payees and other payees designated by the customer, and (3), up until the expiration of the SASSA contract on September 30, 2018, amounts that the Company is obligated to disburse to recipient cardholders of social welfare grants. The balances at each reporting date may vary widely depending on the timing of the receipts and payments of these assets and obligations. Recent accounting pron ouncements adopted In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance regarding Leases. The guidance increases transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabi lities on the balance sheet. The amendments to current lease guidance include the recognition of assets and liabilities by lessees for those leases currently classified as operating leases. The guidance also requires disclosures to meet the objective of en abling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. This guidance was effective for the Company beginning July 1, 2019. Refer to Note 9 for the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. Recent accounting pronouncements not yet adopted as of June 30, 2020 In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance regarding Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. For trade and other receiv ables, loans, and other financial instruments, an entity is required to use a forward-looking expected loss model rather than the incurred loss model for recognizing credit losses, which reflects losses that are probable. Credit losses relating to availabl e-for-sale debt securities will also be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction in the amortized cost basis of the securities. T his guidance is effective for the Company beginning July 1, 202 3. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this guidance on its financial statements and related disclosures, but does not expect the impact on its financial results to be significant. In August 2018, the FASB issued guidance regarding Disclosure Framework: Change s to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. The guidance modifies the disclosure requirements related to fair value measurement. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning July 1, 202 1. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this guidance on its financial statement’s disclosure. In November 2019, the FASB issued guidance regarding Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Derivatives and Hedging(Topic 815), and Leases (Topic 842). The guidance provides a framework to stagger effective dates for future major accounting standards and amends the effective dates for certain major new accounting standards to give implementation relief to certain types of entities, including Smaller Reportin g Companies. The Company is a Smaller Reporting Company. Specifically, the guidance changes some effective dates for certain new standards on the following topics in the FASB Codification, namely Derivatives and Hedging (ASC 815 HYPERLINK "https://dart.deloitte.com/USDART/home/publications/deloitte/heads-up/2019/fasb-effective-dates-deferral-asus" \l "SL596719624-497500" 2); Leases (ASC 842); Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (ASC 326); and Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (ASC 350). The guidance def ers the adoption date of guidance regarding Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments by the Company from July 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023, and defers the adoption guidance regarding Disclosure Framework: Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement by the Company from July 1, 2020 to July 1, 2021. In January 2020, the FASB issued guidance regarding Clarifying the Interactions Between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. The guidance clarifies that an entity should consider observable transactions that require an entity to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with U.S GAAP guidan ce immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method. The guidance also clarifies that, when determining the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options an entity should not consider, whether upon settlement or exercise, if the underlying securities would be accounted for under the equity method or fair value option. This guidance is effective for the Company beginning July 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this guidan ce on its financial statement’s disclosure.

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