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Development, Commercialization and Supply Agreements | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Development, Commercialization and Supply Agreements | (14) Development, Commercialization and Supply Agreements In-licenses Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. In June 2018, the Company entered into a collaboration with Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., or Mochida, related to the development and commercialization of drug products and indications based on the active pharmaceutical ingredient in VASCEPA, the omega-3 acid, EPA, or eicosapentaenoic acid. Among other terms in the agreement, the Company obtained an exclusive license to certain Mochida intellectual property to advance the Company’s interests in the United States and certain other territories and the parties will collaborate to research and develop new products and indications based on EPA for the Company’s commercialization in the United States and certain other territories. The potential new product and indication opportunities contemplated under this agreement are currently in early stages of development. Upon closing of the collaboration agreement, the Company made a non-refundable, non-creditable upfront payment of approximately $2.7 million. In addition, the agreement provides for the Company to pay milestone payments upon the achievement of certain product development milestones and royalties on net sales of future products arising from the collaboration, if any. In January 2022 and 2021, the Company exercised certain rights under the agreement, resulting in payments of $1.0 million, respectively, to Mochida, which was recorded as Research and development expense in the consolidated statement of operations. Out-licenses Eddingpharm (Asia) Macao Commercial Offshore Limited In February 2015, the Company entered into a Development, Commercialization and Supply Agreement, or the DCS Agreement, with Eddingpharm (Asia) Macao Commercial Offshore Limited, or Edding, related to the development and commercialization of VASCEPA in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, or the China Territory. Under the terms of the DCS Agreement, the Company granted to Edding an exclusive (including as to the Company) license with right to sublicense to develop and commercialize VASCEPA in the China Territory for uses that are currently commercialized and under development by the Company based on the Company’s MARINE, ANCHOR and REDUCE-IT clinical trials of VASCEPA. Under the DCS Agreement, Edding is solely responsible for development and commercialization activities in the China Territory and associated expenses. The Company provides development assistance and is responsible for supplying finished and later bulk drug product at defined prices under negotiated terms. The Company retains all VASCEPA manufacturing rights. Edding agreed to certain restrictions regarding the commercialization of competitive products globally and the Company agreed to certain restrictions regarding the commercialization of competitive products in the China Territory. The Company and Edding agreed to form a joint development committee to oversee regulatory and development activities for VASCEPA in the China Territory in accordance with a negotiated development plan and formed a separate joint commercialization committee in advance of expected approval in the China Territory to oversee VASCEPA planning and pre-launch commercialization activities in the China Territory. Development costs are paid by Edding to the extent such costs are incurred in connection with the negotiated development plan or otherwise incurred by Edding. Edding is responsible for preparing and filing regulatory applications in all countries of the China Territory at Edding’s cost with the Company’s assistance. The DCS Agreement also contains customary provisions regarding indemnification, supply, record keeping, audit rights, reporting obligations, and representations and warranties that are customary for an arrangement of this type. The term of the DCS Agreement expires, on a product-by-product basis, upon the later of (i) the date on which such product is no longer covered by a valid claim under a licensed patent in the China Territory, or (ii) the 12th anniversary of the first commercial sale of such product in Mainland China. The DCS Agreement may be terminated by either party in the event of a bankruptcy of the other party and for material breach, subject to customary cure periods. In addition, at any time following the third anniversary of the first commercial sale of a product in Mainland China, Edding has the right to terminate the DCS Agreement for convenience with 12 months’ prior notice. Neither party may assign or transfer the DCS Agreement without the prior consent of the other party, provided that the Company may assign the DCS Agreement in the event of a change of control transaction. Upon closing of the DCS Agreement, the Company received a non-refundable $15.0 million up-front payment. In March 2016, Edding submitted its clinical trial application, or CTA, with respect to the MARINE indication for VASCEPA to the Chinese regulatory authority. Following the CTA submission, the Company received a non-refundable $1.0 million milestone payment. In March 2017, the CTA was approved by the Chinese regulatory authority, and, in December 2017, Edding commenced a pivotal clinical trial aimed to support the regulatory approval of the first indication of VASCEPA in a patient population with severe hypertriglyceridemia in Mainland China. In November 2020, the Company announced statistically significant topline results from the Phase 3 clinical trial of VASCEPA conducted by Edding, which is being used to seek regulatory approval in Mainland China. The Company received approval of VASCEPA under the REDUCE-IT indication in Hong Kong in February 2022. In addition to the non-refundable, up-front and regulatory milestone payments described above, the Company is entitled to receive certain regulatory and sales-based milestone payments of up to an additional $153.0 million as well as tiered double-digit percentage royalties on net sales of VASCEPA in the China Territory escalating to the high teens. The regulatory milestone events relate to the submission and approval of certain applications to the applicable regulatory authority, such as a clinical trial application, clinical trial exemption, or import drug license application. The amounts to be received upon achievement of the regulatory milestone events relate to the submission and approval for three indications, and range from $2.0 million to $15.0 million for a total of $33.0 million. The sales-based milestone events occur when annual aggregate net sales of VASCEPA in the territory equals or exceeds certain specified thresholds, and range from $5.0 million to $50.0 million for a total of $120.0 million. Each such milestone payment shall be payable only once regardless of how many times the sales milestone event is achieved. Each such milestone payment is non-refundable and non-creditable against any other milestone payments. The Company assessed this arrangement in accordance with Topic 606 and concluded that the contract counterparty, Edding, is a customer. The Company identified the following performance obligations at the inception of the DCS Agreement: (1) the exclusive license to develop and commercialize VASCEPA in the China Territory for uses that are currently commercialized and under development by the Company, (2) the obligation to participate in various steering committees, and (3) ongoing development and regulatory assistance. Based on the analysis performed, the Company concluded that the identified performance obligations are not distinct and therefore a combined performance obligation. The transaction price includes the $15.0 million up-front consideration received and the $1.0 million milestone payment received related to the successful submission of the CTA for the MARINE indication. None of the other clinical or regulatory milestones have been included in the transaction price, as all milestone amounts are fully constrained. As part of its evaluation of the constraint, the Company considered numerous factors, including that receipt of the milestones is outside the control of the Company and contingent upon success in future clinical trials and the licensee’s efforts. Any consideration related to sales-based milestones including royalties, will be recognized when the related sales occur and therefore have also been excluded from the transaction price. The Company will re-evaluate the transaction price in each reporting period and as uncertain events are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, as licensing revenue related to the up-front and milestone payments received in connection with the Edding agreement. From contract inception through December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $7.7 million and $7.1 million, respectively, as licensing revenue under the DCS Agreement concurrent with the input measure of support hours provided by the Company to Edding in achieving the combined development and regulatory performance obligation, which in the Company’s judgment is the best measure of progress towards satisfying this performance obligation. The remaining transaction price of $9.3 million and $9.8 million is recorded in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets and will be recognized as revenue over the remaining period of 12 years. The Company recognized net product revenue of $0.2 million and $0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to sales to Edding. Biologix FZCo In March 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with Biologix FZCo, or Biologix, a company incorporated under the laws of the United Arab Emirates, to register and commercialize VASCEPA in several Middle Eastern and North African countries. Under the terms of the distribution agreement, the Company granted to Biologix a non-exclusive license to use its trademarks in connection with the importation, distribution, promotion, marketing and sale of VASCEPA in the Middle East and North Africa territory. Upon closing of the agreement, the Company received a non-refundable up-front payment, which will be recognized as revenue over 10 years commencing upon first marketing approval of VASCEPA in the territory. The Company is entitled to receive all payments based on total product sales and pays Biologix a service fee in exchange for its services, whereby the service fee represents a percentage of gross selling price which is subject to a minimum floor price. The Company received approval of VASCEPA under the MARINE and REDUCE-IT indications in the following countries:
Country |  | MARINE |  | REDUCE-IT |  |  | Launch Date |
Lebanon |  | March 2018 |  | August 2021 |  |  | June 2018 |
United Arab Emirates |  | July 2018 |  | October 2021 |  |  | February 2019 |
Qatar |  | December 2019 |  | April 2021 |  |  |  | — |
Bahrain |  | April 2021 |  | April 2022 |  |  |  | — |
Kuwait |  | December 2021 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Saudi Arabia |  | March 2022 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
The Company recognized net product revenue of approximately $1.0 million and $1.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to sales to Biologix. HLS Therapeutics, Inc. In September 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with HLS Therapeutics Inc., or HLS, a company incorporated under the laws of Canada, to register, commercialize and distribute VASCEPA in Canada. Under the agreement, HLS will be responsible for regulatory and commercialization activities and associated costs. The Company is responsible for providing assistance towards local filings, supplying finished product under negotiated supply terms, maintaining intellectual property, and continuing the development and funding of REDUCE-IT related activities. Upon closing of the agreement, the Company received one-half of a non-refundable $5.0 million up-front payment, and received the remaining half on the six-month anniversary of the closing. Following achievement of the REDUCE-IT trial primary endpoint, which was announced in September 2018, the Company received a non-refundable $2.5 million milestone payment. Following approval from Health Canada in December 2019, the Company received a non-refundable milestone payment of $2.5 million in February 2020. In addition, in January 2020 HLS obtained regulatory exclusivity from the Office of Patented Medicines and Liaison, or OPML, as a result the Company received a non-refundable $3.8 million milestone payment. In addition to the non-refundable, up-front and regulatory milestone payments just described, the Company is entitled to receive certain sales-based milestone payments of up to an additional $50.0 million, as well as tiered double-digit royalties on net sales of VASCEPA in Canada. The Company assessed this arrangement in accordance with Topic 606 and concluded that the contract counterparty, HLS, is a customer. The Company identified the following performance obligations at the inception of the contract: (1) license to HLS to develop, register, and commercialize VASCEPA in Canada, (2) support general development and regulatory activities, and (3) participate in various steering committees. Based on the analysis performed, the Company concluded that the identified performance obligations in the agreement are not distinct and therefore a combined performance obligation. The transaction price includes the $5.0 million up-front consideration, the $2.5 million milestone related to the achievement of the REDUCE-IT trial primary endpoint, the $2.5 million milestone related to obtaining approval from Health Canada and $3.8 million milestone related to obtaining regulatory exclusivity from the OPML. Any consideration related to sales-based milestones (including royalties) will be recognized when the related sales occur and therefore have also been excluded from the transaction price. The Company will re-evaluate the transaction price in each reporting period and as uncertain events are resolved or other changes in circumstances occur. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, as licensing revenue related to up-front and milestone payments received in connection with the HLS agreement. From the contract’s inception through December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company has recognized $8.2 million and $7.5 million, respectively, as licensing revenue is recognized under the agreement concurrent with the input measure of support hours provided by the Company to HLS in achieving this performance obligation, which in the Company’s judgment is the best measure of progress towards satisfying the combined development and regulatory performance obligation. The remaining transaction price of $5.6 million and $6.2 million is recorded in deferred revenue as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets and will be recognized as revenue over the remaining period of 8 years. The Company recognized net product revenue of $2.9 million and nil for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, related to sales to HLS. CSL Seqirus In February 2023, the Company entered into an agreement with CSL Seqirus to secure pricing and reimbursement, commercialize and distribute VAZKEPA in Australia and New Zealand. The Company will receive an upfront payment of $0.5 million and be eligible to receive event-related milestone payments of approximately $8.0 million and additional product-related milestone payments of approximately $4.0 million. The Company will be responsible for supplying finished product to CSL Seqirus at a profitable transfer price. The following table presents changes in the balances of the Company’s contract assets and liabilities for years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:
In thousands |  | Balance at Beginning of Period |  |  | Additions |  |  | Deductions |  |  | Balance at End of Period |
Year ended December 31, 2022: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Contract liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  | $ | 16,709 |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | (1,369 | ) |  | $ | 15,346 |
Year ended December 31, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Contract liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  | $ | 18,632 |  |  | $ | 128 |  |  | $ | (2,051 | ) |  | $ | 16,709 |
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized the following revenues as a result of changes in the contract asset and contract liability balances in the respective periods:
In thousands |  | Twelve Months Ended December 31, |
Revenue recognized in the period from: |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Amounts included in contract liability at the beginning of the period |  | $ | 1,366 |  |  | $ | 1,997 |
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 46 |

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