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Real Estate and Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Real Estate [Abstract]

Summary Information About Real Estate Properties

The following table provides certain summary information about the 169 farms we owned as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands, except for footnotes):

Location						No. of Farms						Total Acres						Farm Acres						Net Cost Basis(1)						Encumbrances(2)
California(3)(4)(5)						63						34,844						32,321						$	868,539					$	405,014
Florida						26						22,606						17,639						223,974						109,931
Washington						6						2,529						1,997						64,903						21,059
Arizona(6)						6						6,320						5,333						54,290						12,789
Colorado						12						32,773						25,577						46,429						27,935
Nebraska						9						7,782						7,050						30,815						12,118
Oregon(7)						6						898						736						29,445						11,705
Michigan						23						1,892						1,245						23,928						14,204
Texas						1						3,667						2,219						8,175						4,877
Maryland						6						987						863						8,098						4,467
South Carolina						3						597						447						3,632						2,193
Georgia						2						230						175						2,743						1,689
North Carolina						2						310						295						2,161						—
New Jersey						3						116						101						2,124						1,256
Delaware						1						180						140						1,308						717
Totals						169						115,731						96,138						$	1,370,564					$	629,954

(1)Consists of the initial acquisition price (including the costs allocated to both tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed), plus subsequent improvements and other capitalized costs associated with the properties, and adjusted for accumulated depreciation and amortization. Specifically, includes Total real estate, net (excluding improvements paid for by the tenant) and Lease intangibles, net; plus long-term water assets, net

above-market lease values, net lease incentives, and net investments in special-purpose LLCs included in Other assets, net; and less net below-market lease values and other deferred revenue included in Other liabilities, net; each as shown on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)Excludes approximately $3.5 million of debt issuance costs related to notes and bonds payable, included in Notes and bonds payable, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)Includes ownership in a special-purpose LLC that owns a pipeline conveying water to certain of our properties. As of December 31, 2022, this investment had a net carrying value of approximately $1.0 million and is included within Other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(4)Includes five acres in which we own a leasehold interest via a ground sublease with a California municipality that expires in December 2041. The ground sublease had a net cost basis of approximately $725,000 as of December 31, 2022 (included in Lease intangibles, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets).

(5)Includes 45,000 acre-feet of water stored with Semitropic Water Storage District, located in Kern County, California. See “—Investments in Water Assets” below for additional information on this water.

(6)Includes two farms in which we own a leasehold interest via ground leases with the State of Arizona that expire in February 2025 and February 2032, respectively. In total, these two farms consist of 1,368 total acres and 1,221 farm acres and had an aggregate net cost basis of approximately $710,000 as of December 31, 2022 (included in Lease intangibles, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets).

(7)Includes ownership in a special-purpose LLC that owns certain irrigation infrastructure that provides water to two of our farms. As of December 31, 2022, this investment had a net carrying value of approximately $4.8 million and is included within Other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Summary of Components of Investments in Real Estate

The following table sets forth the components of our investments in tangible real estate assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands):

						December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Real estate:
Land and land improvements						$	845,779					$	812,830
Permanent plantings						358,249						331,969
Irrigation and drainage systems						165,438						153,688
Farm-related facilities						48,690						46,804
Other site improvements						14,238						12,509
Real estate, at cost						1,432,394						1,357,800
Accumulated depreciation						(106,966)						(74,002)
Real estate, net						$	1,325,428					$	1,283,798

Carrying Value of Lease Intangibles and Accumulated Amortization for Each Intangible Asset or Liability Class

The following table summarizes the carrying value of certain lease intangible assets and the related accumulated amortization as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands):

			December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Lease intangibles:
Leasehold interest – land			$	4,295					$	4,295
In-place lease values			2,763						2,174
Leasing costs			3,088						1,808
Other(1)			133						130
Lease intangibles, at gross cost			10,279						8,407
Accumulated amortization			(4,577)						(3,951)
Lease intangibles, net			$	5,702					$	4,456

(1)Other consists primarily of acquisition-related costs allocated to miscellaneous lease intangibles.

The following table summarizes the carrying values of certain lease intangible assets or liabilities included in Other assets, net or Other liabilities, net, respectively, on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related accumulated amortization or accretion, respectively, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands):

						December 31, 2022												December 31, 2021
Intangible Asset or Liability						Deferred Rent Asset (Liability)						Accumulated (Amortization) Accretion						Deferred Rent Asset (Liability)						Accumulated (Amortization) Accretion
Above-market lease values and lease incentives(1)						$	4,702					$	(585)					$	65					$	(12)
Below-market lease values and other deferred revenues(2)						(2,010)						518						(2,010)						340
						$	2,692					$	(67)					$	(1,945)					$	328

(1)Net above-market lease values and lease incentives are included as part of Other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the related amortization is recorded as a reduction of Lease revenue, net on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

(2)Net below-market lease values and other deferred revenue are included as a part of Other liabilities, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the related accretion is recorded as an increase to Lease revenue, net on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.

Summary of Estimated Aggregate Amortization Expense and Estimated Net Impact on Rental Income

The estimated aggregate amortization expense to be recorded related to in-place lease values, leasing costs, and tenant relationships and the estimated net impact on lease revenue from the amortization of above-market lease values and lease incentives or accretion of above-market lease values and other deferred revenues for each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Period									Estimated Amortization Expense						Estimated Net Increase (Decrease) to Lease Revenue
For the fiscal years ending December 31:			2023						$	764					$	(612)
			2024						707						(612)
			2025						621						(394)
			2026						536						(323)
			2027						535						(322)
			Thereafter						2,539						(362)
									$	5,702					$	(2,625)

Schedule of Asset Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we completed the following acquisitions, which are summarized in the table below (dollars in thousands, except for footnotes):

Property Name						Property Location						Acquisition Date						Total Acres						No. of Farms						Primary Crop(s) / Use						Lease Term						Renewal Options						Total Purchase Price						Acquisition Costs(1)						Annualized Straight-line Rent(2)
Farm Road(3)						Charlotte, FL						5/20/2022						15						0						Adjacent parcel						N/A						None						$	54					$	15					$	—
County Road 35						Glenn, CA						6/16/2022						1,374						1						Olives for Olive Oil						14.5 years						1 (5 years)						24,500						55						1,714
Reagan Road(4)						Cochise, AZ						7/13/2022						40						0						Corn						12.5 years						None						120						17						39
North Columbia River Road(5)(7)						Franklin & Grant, WA						7/21/2022						1,145						3						Wine Grapes						8.4 years						None						30,320						146						2,296
Prunedale Road(6)(7)						Umatilla, OR						7/21/2022						172						1						Wine Grapes						10.4 years						None						7,008						36						286
Phelps Avenue(8)						Fresno, CA						12/29/2022						443						0						Open ground and water credits						5.0 years						1 (5 years)						3,100						72						25
																		3,189						5																								$	65,102					$	341					$	4,360

(1)Includes approximately $27,000 of external legal fees associated with negotiating and originating the leases associated with these acquisitions, which were expensed in the period incurred.

(2)Unaudited; based on the minimum cash rental payments guaranteed under the respective leases, as required under GAAP, and excludes contingent rental payments, such as participation rents.

(3)Represents the acquisition of a parcel of land adjacent to an existing farm, providing additional road access to such farm. No new lease was executed related to this acquisition.

(4)Represents the acquisition of a parcel of farmable land adjacent to an existing farm. Subsequent to acquisition, we spent approximately $153,000 to install certain improvements on this property.

(5)Upon acquisition, we executed three new leases with the existing tenants on these farms. The lease terms above represent the weighted-average lease term and aggregate annualized straight-line rent of these three leases.

(6)In connection with the acquisition of this property, we also acquired an ownership interest in a related LLC, the sole purpose of which is to own and maintain an irrigation system providing water to this and other neighboring properties. Our acquired ownership, which equated to an 11.3% interest in the LLC, was valued at approximately $2.7 million at the time of acquisition and is included within Other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. See “—Investments in Unconsolidated Entities” below for additional information on our aggregate ownership interest in this and other LLCs.

(7)These two properties were acquired as part of a single transaction. In connection with the acquisition of these vineyards, we committed to provide up to an aggregate amount of $2.2 million for certain irrigation and vineyard improvements on these farms, for which we will earn additional rent as the funds are disbursed by us.

(8)Represents the acquisition of three parcels of land adjacent to an existing farm that will initially be utilized for its water rights (including additional surface water rights and groundwater pumping rights) to be used on nearby farms. In addition, a portion of this acquisition was leased back to the seller.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, we completed the following acquisitions, which are summarized in the table below (dollars in thousands, except for footnotes):

Property Name						Property Location						Acquisition Date						Total Acres						No. of Farms						Primary Crop(s) / Use						Lease Term						Renewal Options						Total Purchase Price						Acquisition Costs(1)						Annualized Straight-line Rent(2)
Palmer Mill Road						Dorchester, MD						3/3/2021						228						2						Sod						10.0 years						2 (5 years)						$	1,600					$	56					$	89
Eight Mile Road – Port Facility						San Joaquin, CA						3/11/2021						5						—						Cooling facility and storage						9.8 years						3 (5 years)						3,977						50						189
South Avenue						Tehama, CA						4/5/2021						2,285						1						Olives for olive oil						14.7 years						1 (5 years)						37,800						149						2,555
Richards Avenue						Atlantic, NJ						6/3/2021						116						3						Blueberries						14.9 years						2 (5 years)						2,150						63						129
Lerdo Highway (Phase I)(3)(4)						Kern, CA						6/4/2021						639						1						Conventional & organic almonds and banked water						10.4 years						3 (10 years)						26,492						111						974
Almena Drive						Van Buren & Eaton, MI						6/9/2021						930						8						Blueberries						14.7 years						2 (5 years)						13,300						51						785
Maricopa Highway						Kern, CA						8/11/2021						277						1						Organic blueberries						14.9 years						3 (5 years)						30,000						63						2,262
Wallace Road						Yamhill, OR						8/11/2021						143						1						Organic blueberries						10.1 years						3 (5 years)						12,320						39						768
West Orange						St. Lucie, FL						8/18/2021						617						2						Lemons and oranges						12.0 years						None						5,241						184						367
Lerdo Highway (Phase II)(3)(5)						Kern, CA						8/20/2021						479						1						Conventional & organic almonds and banked water						10.2 years						3 (10 years)						14,772						53						735
Lerdo Highway (Phase III)(3)(6)						Kern, CA						10/8/2021						1,291						1						Conventional & organic almonds, conventional & organic pistachios, and banked water						10.1 years						3 (10 years)						42,959						90						1,981
Raymond Road(3)						Madera, CA						10/21/2021						219						1						Almonds						10.0 years						1 (5 years)						3,300						78						183
Cogdell Highway						Atkinson, GA						11/12/2021						230						2						Blueberries						14.8 years						None						2,850						45						224
Chuckhole Lane(7)						Umatilla, OR						11/23/2021						165						1						Wine grapes						9.9 years						2 (10 years)						2,383						117						139
West Lerdo Highway(3)(8)						Kern, CA						12/3/2021						2,635						1						Pistachios						2.9 years						None						88,000						97						4,395
Farm Road						Charlotte, FL						12/16/2021						1,204						1						Sod, watermelons, and cattle						5.0 years						1 (5 years)						7,350						94						388
																		11,463						27																								$	294,494					$	1,340					$	16,163

(1)Includes approximately $78,000 of external legal fees associated with negotiating and originating the leases associated with these acquisitions, which were expensed in the period incurred.

(2)Unaudited; based on the minimum cash rental payments guaranteed under the respective leases, as required under GAAP, and excludes contingent rental payments, such as participation rents.

(3)Lease provides for an annual participation rent component based on the gross crop revenues earned on the farm. The rent figure above represents only the minimum cash guaranteed under the lease.

(4)As part of the acquisition of this property, we acquired a contract to purchase 20,330 acre-feet of water stored with Semitropic Water Storage District, located in Kern County, California, at a fixed price. We executed this contract on June 25, 2021, at an additional cost of approximately $1.2 million, which is included in the total purchase price for this property in the table above. Income is not currently being earned on the value attributable to the water. See “—Investments in Water Assets” below for additional information on this water.

(5)As part of the acquisition of this property, we acquired a contract to purchase 5,000 acre-feet of water stored with Semitropic Water Storage District, located in Kern County, California, at a fixed price. We executed this contract on August 23, 2021, at an additional cost of approximately $306,000, which is included in the total purchase price for this property in the table above. Income is not currently being earned on the value attributable to the water. See “—Investments in Water Assets” below for additional information on this water.

(6)As part of the acquisition of this property, we acquired a contract to purchase 19,670 acre-feet of water stored with Semitropic Water Storage District, located in Kern County, California, at a fixed price. We executed this contract on October 11, 2021, at an additional cost of approximately $1.2 million, which is included in the total purchase price for this property in the table above. Income is not currently being earned on the value attributable to the water. See “—Investments in Water Assets” below for additional information on this water.

(7)In connection with the acquisition of this property, we also acquired an ownership interest in a related LLC, the sole purpose of which is to own and maintain an irrigation system providing water to this and other neighboring properties. Our acquired ownership, which equated to a 9.1% interest in the LLC, was valued at approximately $2.1 million at the time of acquisition and is included within Other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. See “—Investments in Unconsolidated Entities” below for further information for our aggregate ownership interest in this and other LLCs.

(8)Lease provides for an initial term of 9.9 years but also includes an annual tenant termination option, effective as of the end of the lease year (as defined within the lease) following the exercise of such termination option. The lease term stated above represents the term through the first available termination option, and the annualized straight-line rent amount represents the rent guaranteed through the noncancellable term of the lease.

Recognized Identified Assets and Liabilities Assumed Related to Properties Acquired

The allocation of the aggregate purchase price for the farms acquired during each of the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Assets (Liabilities) Acquired						2022 Acquisitions						2021 Acquisitions
Land and land improvements						$	30,353					$	98,403
Permanent plantings						24,706						129,677
Irrigation & drainage systems						3,102						11,277
Farm-related facilities						1,287						17,521
Other site improvements						—						984
Leasehold interest—land						—						790
In-place lease values						909						688
Leasing costs						1,355						511
Above-market lease values(1)						641						—
Below-market lease values(2)						—						(1,321)
Investment in LLC(1)						2,749						2,054
Water purchase contracts(1)(3)						—						33,910
Total Purchase Price						$	65,102					$	294,494

(1)Included within Other assets, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)Included within Other liabilities, net on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)Includes the value attributable to the water purchase contracts acquired as part of the acquisition of Lerdo Highway, plus approximately $2.8 million paid to execute the contracts subsequent to the acquisition.

Weighted Average Amortization Period for Intangible Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The following table shows the weighted-average amortization periods (in years) for the intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with new real estate acquired during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

						Weighted-Average Amortization Period (in Years)
Intangible Assets and Liabilities						2022						2021
Leasehold interest – land						0.0						20.8
In-place lease values						10.9						13.9
Leasing costs						11.7						13.3
Above-market lease values and lease incentives						9.1						0.0
Below-market lease values and other deferred revenue						0.0						9.8
All intangible assets and liabilities						10.6						13.8

Future Operating Lease Payments from Tenants under Non-Cancelable Leases

The following tables summarize the future lease payments to be received under noncancellable leases as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

Period									Tenant Lease Revenue
For the fiscal years ending December 31,			2023						$	82,273
			2024						73,890
			2025						67,409
			2026						62,234
			2027						58,031
			Thereafter						195,711
									$	539,548

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