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Summary of significant accounting policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2013
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of significant accounting policies | Summary of significant accounting policies Basis of presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). Principles of consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly and majority owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. Noncontrolling interest principally represents ownership by others of the equity in our consolidated majority owned South African subsidiary. The Company's investment in an operating entity where the Company has the ability to exert significant influence, but does not control operating and financial policies, is accounted for using the equity method. The Company's share of the net income of this entity is recorded as "Earnings from equity investment" in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The investment in this entity is included in "Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary" in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company reports its share of equity earnings within operating income as the investee's operations are similar in nature to the operations of the Company. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made in prior period financial statements to conform with the current period presentation. Reclassifications have no impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In the preparation of these consolidated financial statements, estimates and assumptions have been made by management including, among others, costs to complete contracts, an assessment of percentage of completion of projects, the selection of useful lives of tangible and intangible assets, fair value of reporting units used for goodwill impairment testing, expected future cash flows from long lived assets to support impairment tests, provisions necessary for trade receivables, amounts of deferred taxes and income tax contingencies. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The financial reporting of contracts depends on estimates, which are assessed continually during the term of those contracts. Recognized revenues and income are subject to revisions as the contract progresses to completion and changes in estimates are reflected in the period in which the facts that give rise to the revisions become known. Additional information that enhances and refines the estimating process that is obtained after the balance sheet date, but before issuance of the financial statements is reflected in the financial statements. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on deposit and high quality, short term money market instruments with an original maturity of three months or less. Cash equivalents are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. Accounts receivable-trade Trade accounts receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Trade credit is generally extended on a short-term basis; thus receivables do not bear interest, although a finance charge may be applied to amounts past due. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Such allowances are based upon several factors including, but not limited to, credit approval practices, industry and customer historical experience as well as the current and projected financial condition of the specific customer. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than contractual terms are considered past due. The Company writes off accounts receivable to the allowance for doubtful accounts when they become uncollectible. Any payments subsequently received on receivables previously written off are credited to bad debt expense. The change in amounts of the allowance for doubtful accounts during the three year period ended December 31, 2013 is as follows (in thousands):
Period ended |  | Balance at beginning of period |  | Charged to expense |  | Deductions or other |  | Balance at end of period
December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 4,125 |  |  | $ | 2,867 |  |  | $ | (1,197 | ) |  | $ | 5,795 |
December 31, 2012 |  | 5,795 |  |  | 2,115 |  |  | (2,019 | ) |  | 5,891 |
December 31, 2013 |  | 5,891 |  |  | 2,925 |  |  | (3,091 | ) |  | 5,725 |
Inventories Inventory consisting of finished goods and materials and supplies held for resale is carried at the lower of cost or market. For certain operations, cost, which includes the cost of raw materials and labor for finished goods, is determined on a first-in first-out basis. For other operations, this cost is determined on an average cost basis. Market means current replacement cost except that (1) market should not exceed net realizable value and (2) market should not be less than net realizable value reduced by an allowance for a normal profit margin. The Company continuously evaluates inventories, based on an analysis of inventory levels, historical sales experience and future sales forecasts, to determine obsolete, slow-moving and excess inventory. Adjustments to reduce such inventory to its estimated recoverable value have been recorded by management. Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Equipment held under capital leases are stated at the present value of minimum lease payments. Expenditures for property and equipment and for items which substantially increase the useful lives of existing assets are capitalized at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful life utilizing the straight-line method. Routine expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of assets, generally three to twenty years. Plant and equipment held under capital leases are amortized straight-line over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Gains or losses resulting from the disposition of assets are recognized in income, and the related asset cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. Assets acquired in connection with business combinations are recorded at fair value. Rental equipment consists of equipment leased to customers under operating leases. Rental equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of three to ten years. The Company reviews long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable. In performing the review for impairment, future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposal are estimated. If the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the assets, there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. The amount of the impairment is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is determined either through the use of an external valuation, or by means of an analysis of discounted future cash flows based on expected utilization. The impairment loss recognized represents the excess of the assets carrying value as compared to its estimated fair value. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, no impairments were recorded. To the extent that asset retirement obligations are incurred, the Company records the fair value of an asset retirement obligation as a liability in the period in which the associated legal obligation is incurred. The fair values of these obligations are recorded as liabilities on a discounted basis. The costs associated with these liabilities are capitalized as part of the related assets and depreciated. Over time, the liabilities are accreted for any change in their present value. Asset retirement obligations as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 are not significant. Goodwill and intangible assets For goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, an assessment for impairment is performed annually or whenever an event indicating impairment may have occurred. The Company completes its annual impairment test for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles using an assessment date of December 31. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment by comparing the carrying value of each reporting unit’s net assets (including allocated goodwill) to the fair value of the reporting unit. The Company has six reporting units. The fair value of the reporting units is determined using a discounted cash flow approach. Determining the fair value of a reporting unit requires judgment and the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Such estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates, operating margins, weighted average costs of capital and future market conditions, among others. The Company believes that the estimates and assumptions used in impairment assessments are reasonable. If the reporting unit’s carrying value is greater than its fair value, a second step is performed whereby the implied fair value of goodwill is estimated by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a hypothetical purchase price allocation analysis. The Company recognizes a goodwill impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its fair value. The impairment test is a fair value test which includes assumptions such as growth and discount rates. Any impairment losses are reflected in operating income. In 2013, 2012 and 2011, no goodwill impairment losses were recorded as the estimated fair values of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value. Intangible assets with definite lives comprised of customer and distributor relationships, non-compete agreements, and patents are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the intangible asset, generally three to seventeen years. These assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. No impairments to intangible assets were recorded in 2013 and 2011. During the year ended December 31, 2012, an impairment loss of $1.2 million was recorded on certain intangible assets resulting from a lack of business and orders related to a specific service line within the Production & Infrastructure segment. Refer to Note 7, Goodwill and intangible assets, for further discussion. In the third quarter 2011, the Company implemented a change in accounting estimate to adjust the useful lives of certain of customer relationship and distributor relationship intangible assets. This change resulted in a $2.2 million reduction in amortization expense in the year ended December 31, 2011, an increase to net income of $1.4 million (or $0.03 per diluted share). The Company extended the useful lives of these intangible assets based on positive changes in customer attrition rates and due to several factors pursuant to the Combination, which would further strengthen these relationships. Recognition of provisions for contingencies In the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various claims, suits and complaints. The Company, in consultation with internal and external advisors, will provide for a contingent loss in the consolidated financial statements if it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If it is determined that the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and that there is no best estimate within the range, provision will be made for the lower amount of the range. Legal costs are expensed as incurred. An assessment is made of the areas where potential claims may arise under the contract warranty clauses. Where a specific risk is identified and the potential for a claim is assessed as probable and can be reasonably estimated, an appropriate warranty provision is recorded. Warranty provisions are eliminated at the end of the warranty period except where warranty claims are still outstanding. The liability for product warranty is included in other accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Changes in the Company’s warranty liability were as follows (in thousands):
Period ended |  | Balance at beginning of period |  | Charged to expense |  | Deductions or other |  | Balance at end of period
December 31, 2011 |  | $ | 6,708 |  |  | $ | 1,232 |  |  | $ | (3,026 | ) |  | $ | 4,914 |
December 31, 2012 |  | 4,914 |  |  | 2,083 |  |  | (3,220 | ) |  | 3,777 |
December 31, 2013 |  | 3,777 |  |  | 3,442 |  |  | (1,939 | ) |  | 5,280 |
Revenue recognition and deferred revenue Revenue is recognized when all of the following criteria have been met: (a) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (b) delivery of the equipment has occurred or services have been rendered, (c) the price of the product or service is fixed and determinable and (d) collectability is reasonably assured. Revenue from product sales, including shipping costs, is recognized as title passes to the customer, which generally occurs when items are shipped from the Company’s facilities. Revenue from services is recognized when the service is completed to the customer’s specifications. Customers are sometimes billed in advance of services performed or products manufactured, and the Company recognizes the associated liability as deferred revenue. Revenue generated from long-term contracts typically longer than six months in duration are recognized on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting. The Company recognizes revenue and cost of goods sold each period based upon the advancement of the work-in-progress unless the stage of completion is insufficient to enable a reasonably certain forecast of profit to be established. In such cases, no profit is recognized during the period. The percentage-of-completion is calculated based on the ratio of costs incurred to-date to total estimated costs, taking into account the level of completion. The percentage-of-completion method requires management to calculate reasonably dependable estimates of progress toward completion of contract revenues and contract costs. Whenever revisions of estimated contract costs and contract values indicate that the contract costs will exceed estimated revenues, thus creating a loss, a provision for the total estimated loss is recorded in that period. Primarily related to the remotely operated vehicles ("ROVs"), which may take longer to manufacture, accounting estimates during the course of the project may change. The effect of such a change, which can be upward as well as downward, is accounted for in the period of change and the cumulative income recognized to date is adjusted to reflect the latest estimates. These revisions to estimates are accounted for on a prospective basis. On a contract by contract basis, cost and profit in excess of billings represents the cumulative revenue recognized less the cumulative billings to the customer. Similarly, billings in excess of costs and profits represent the cumulative billings to the customer less the cumulative revenue recognized. Revenue from the rental of equipment or providing of services is recognized over the period when the asset is rented or services are rendered and collectability is reasonably assured. Rates for asset rental and service provision are priced on a per day, per man hour, or similar basis. Concentration of credit risk Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk include trade accounts receivable. Trade accounts receivable consist of uncollateralized receivables from domestic and internationally based customers. For the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, no one customer accounted for 10% or more of the total revenue or 10% or more of the total accounts receivable balance at the end of the respective period. Share-based compensation The Company measures all share-based compensation awards at fair value on the date they are granted to employees and directors, and recognizes compensation cost, net of forfeitures, over the requisite service period for awards with only a service condition, and over a graded vesting period for awards with service and performance or market conditions. The fair value of share-based compensation awards with market conditions is measured using a lattice model and in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 718, is not adjusted based on actual achievement of the performance goals. The Black-Scholes option pricing model is used to measure the fair value of options. The following sections address the assumptions used related to the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Expected life The expected term of stock options represents the period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the simplified method, which is the weighted average vesting term plus the original contractual term divided by two. The Company uses the simplified method due to a lack of sufficient historical share option exercise experience upon which to estimate an expected term. Expected volatility Expected volatility measures the amount that a stock price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate during a period and is estimated based on a weighted average of the Company's historical stock price. Dividend yield The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Therefore, a zero expected dividend yield was used in the valuation model. Risk-free interest rate The risk-free interest rate is based on United States Treasury zero-coupon issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term on the options. Forfeitures The Company estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and revises those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and record stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. If the Company’s actual forfeiture rate is materially different from its estimate, the stock-based compensation expense could be different from what the Company has recorded in the current period. Historically, estimated forfeitures have been in line with actual forfeitures. Income taxes The Company follows the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based upon temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date, and are measured using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in the tax rates is recognized in income in the period in which the change occurs. The Company records a valuation reserve in each reporting period when management believes that it is more likely than not that any deferred tax asset created will not be realized. Accounting guidance for income taxes requires that the Company recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. If a tax position meets the "more likely than not" recognition criteria, accounting guidance requires the tax position be measured at the largest amount of benefit greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Earnings per share Basic earnings per share for all periods presented equals net income divided by the weighted average number of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding during the period as adjusted for the dilutive effect of the Company’s stock options, restricted share plans and warrants. The exercise price of each option is based on the Company’s stock price at the date of grant. The diluted earnings per share calculation excludes approximately 0.3 million stock options and warrants, 1.0 million stock options and warrants and 0.4 million stock options and warrants for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, because they were anti-dilutive as the option exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common stock. The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares used for the basic and diluted earnings per share computations (shares in thousands):
|  | December 31,
|  | 2013 |  | 2012 |  | 2011
Basic weighted average shares outstanding |  | 90,697 |  |  | 80,111 |  |  | 63,270 |
Dilutive effect of stock option and restricted share plan |  | 3,907 |  |  | 6,826 |  |  | 4,218 |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding |  | 94,604 |  |  | 86,937 |  |  | 67,488 |
Non-U.S. local currency translation The Company operates globally and its primary functional currency is the U.S. dollar ($). The majority of the Company’s non-U.S. operations have designated the local currency as their functional currency. Financial statements of these non-U.S. operations are translated into U.S. dollars using the current rate method whereby assets and liabilities are translated at the balance sheet rate and income and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates in effect during the period. The resultant translation adjustments are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income within stockholders’ equity. Noncontrolling interest Noncontrolling interests are classified as equity in the consolidated balance sheets. Net earnings include the net earnings for both controlling and noncontrolling interests, with disclosure of both amounts on the consolidated statements of earnings. Fair value The carrying amounts for financial instruments classified as current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value, due to the short maturity of such instruments. The book values of other financial instruments, such as the Company’s debt related to the Credit Facility, approximates fair value because interest rates charged are similar to other financial instruments with similar terms and maturities and the rates vary in accordance with a market index. For the financial assets and liabilities disclosed at fair value, fair value is determined as the exit price, or the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The established fair value hierarchy divides fair value measurement into three broad levels:
• | Level 1 - inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date;
• | Level 2 - inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly; and
• | Level 3 - inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability, which reflect the best judgment of management.
The financial assets and liabilities that are disclosed at fair value for disclosure purposes are categorized in one of the above three levels based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Level 1 provides the most reliable measure of fair value, whereas Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. Recent accounting pronouncements From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), which are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, management believes that the impact of recently issued standards, which are not yet effective, will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption. In December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-11— "Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" ("ASU 2011-11") and in January 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-01— "Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities" ("ASU 2013-01"). The issuance of ASU 2013-01 limited the scope of ASU 2011-11 to derivatives, repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions to the extent that they are offset in the financial statements or subject to an enforceable master netting or similar agreement. The Company adopted this update effective January 1, 2013 and it did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In February 2013, the FASB issued an update to existing guidance on the presentation of comprehensive income. This update requires disclosure of significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component and their corresponding effect on the respective line items of net income. The Company adopted this update effective January 1, 2013 with the appropriate disclosures and it did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. In July 2012, the FASB amended the Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) of the Accounting Standards Codification that allows entities to make a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the relevant information, an entity determines it is more likely than not that the fair value is more than the carrying amount, no additional work is necessary. If an entity determines it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than the carrying amount, then the entity is required to proceed to the quantitative approach. The amended guidance is effective for the Company in the annual test in the fourth quarter of 2013 and adoption did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

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