<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001683168-23-007021.txt : 20231010
<SEC-HEADER>0001683168-23-007021.hdr.sgml : 20231010
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20231010090027
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001683168-23-007021
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20231004
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20231010
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20231010

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Volcon, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001829794
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	MOTOR VEHICLES & PASSENGER CAR BODIES [3711]
		IRS NUMBER:				844882689
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-40867
		FILM NUMBER:		231315940

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3121 EAGLES NEST, SUITE 120
		CITY:			ROUND ROCK
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			78665
		BUSINESS PHONE:		512-400-4271

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3121 EAGLES NEST, SUITE 120
		CITY:			ROUND ROCK
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			78665
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>__________________________</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_909_edei--DocumentType_c20231004__20231004_zB9Kw8IsXIZ8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">__________________________</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section  13
OR 15(d)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>of The Securities Exchange Act of  1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Date of Report (Date of earliest event
reported): October 10, 2023 (<span id="xdx_909_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20231004__20231004_zZyXJE4jaZpd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">October 4,
2023</ix:nonNumeric></span>)</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">__________________________</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 12pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20231004__20231004_z6OAhRU4TeH3"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">Volcon, Inc.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">__________________________</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Address of principal executive offices and zip
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b></b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including
area code)</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K
filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General
Instruction A.2. below):</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_edei--SolicitingMaterial_c20231004__20231004_zv6OoKXP6X2g"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:SolicitingMaterial">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span>
    Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p></td></tr>
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    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90F_edei--PreCommencementTenderOffer_c20231004__20231004_zVXqjsZT3QH9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span>
    Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p></td></tr>
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    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_905_edei--PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_c20231004__20231004_z0IsFgyiaNsd"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span> <span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-14(c)).</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
of the Act:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 22%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Trading Symbol(s)</b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 37%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Name of each exchange on which registered</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_edei--Security12bTitle_c20231004__20231004_zc4zPvfd134a"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Common Stock</ix:nonNumeric></span>, par value $0.00001 per share</span></td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">Emerging growth company <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20231004__20231004_zyrHKuoPTC72"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" format="ixt:booleantrue" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check
mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityExTransitionPeriod_c20231004__20231004_zCojj3MAtwJ6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2023-10-04" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityExTransitionPeriod">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.3pt"><b>Item 1.01.</b>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<b>Entry
into a Material Definitive Agreement.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.3pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 0.3pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="background-color: white">On
October 4, 2023, Volcon, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) entered into a cooperative research and development agreement (the &#8220;Agreement&#8221;)
with the United States Army Engineer Research and Development Center Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (the &#8220;ERDC&#8221;).
Under the terms of the Agreement, the Company and ERDC will collaborate on research and development efforts aimed at enhancing the capabilities
of electric vehicles, with a focus on creating dual-use products that benefit both warfighters and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
in their support of emergency services disaster response. Pursuant to the Agreement, each party is responsible to pay all costs of labor,
supplies, materials, equipment, overhead, and other expenses, direct and indirect, that are incurred by such party in connection with
the Agreement and that are necessary to perform the work agreed to by both parties. The Agreement may be terminated by mutual written
consent or by either party upon not less than 30 days&#8217; written notice.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="background-color: white">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="background-color: white"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Agreement is filed as
Exhibit 10.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated herein by reference. The description of the terms of the Agreement
is not intended to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to such exhibit. The Agreement contains customary representations,
warranties and covenants by the Company which were made only for the purposes of such agreement and as of specific dates, were solely
for the benefit of the parties to such agreement and may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties.</p>

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Statements and Exhibits.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.3pt">&#160;&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">*&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Pursuant to Item
601(b)(10)(iv) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC, certain portions of this exhibit have been redacted. The Company hereby agrees
to furnish supplementally to the SEC, upon its request, an unredacted copy of this exhibit.</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to the requirements of
the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto
duly authorized.</p>

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    <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date: October 10, 2023</span></td>
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Chief Financial Officer</span></td></tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-10.1
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<DESCRIPTION>COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT
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<P STYLE="margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 10.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153)">Certain identified information
has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential.
Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BETWEEN</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES ARMY ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CENTER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LABORATORY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AND</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>VOLCON, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ELECTRIC VEHICLE RESEARCH</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">This Cooperative Research and Development Agreement
(CRADA) is entered into by and between the United States Army Engineer Research and Development Center, <B>Construction Engineering Research
Laboratory, 2902 Newmark Dr., Champaign, Illinois 61822, </B>hereinafter referred to as <B>&ldquo;ERDC,&rdquo; </B>and <B>Volcon, Inc.,
3121 Eagles Nest Street, Suite 120, Round Rock, Texas 78665, </B>United States hereinafter referred to as <B>&ldquo;PARTNER&rdquo;</B>,
pursuant to the authority contained in the Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 (15&nbsp;U.S.C. &sect; 3710a), as amended, and Army
Regulation 70-57.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 429.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">The Act provides that Federal Laboratories&rsquo;
developments should be made accessible to private industry and state and local Governments for the purpose of improving the economic,
environmental, and social well-being of the United States by stimulating the use of federally funded technology developments or capabilities.
The Director of a Government-operated Federal Laboratory may enter into CRADAs with non-Federal entities to conduct collaborative research
and development that may include the disposition of patent rights in the inventions that result from collaborating personnel, services,
property, facilities, or equipment; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, the United States Congress has declared
that one of the purposes of such legislation is to improve the economic, environmental, and social well-being of the United States by
stimulating the utilization of federally funded technology developments by such PARTIES; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, the Federal Technology Transfer Act of
1986, among other technology transfer improvements, has provided each Federal agency with the authority to permit the Director of Government-operated
Federal Laboratories to enter into CRADAs with Federal or non-Federal entities, including universities, private firms and organizations,
for the purposes of providing to, or obtaining from, collaborating PARTIES, personnel, services, property, facilities, or equipment toward
the conduct of specified research and development efforts that may include the disposition of patent rights in the inventions that might
result from such collaborations; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, ERDC's mission includes research and development
with respect to <B>Electric Vehicle Research</B>, hereinafter referred to as &quot;the Technology;&rdquo; and,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, ERDC possesses certain advanced scientific
skills, facilities, special equipment, information, computer software, and know-how pertaining to the Technology and is interested in
the use of the Technology in the private and public sectors; and,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, PARTNER is a public traded company in the
United States having expertise in the Technology; and,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, PARTNER and ERDC desire to collaborate
on projects of mutual interest and access certain specific engineering capabilities uniquely available that each possesses; and,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, it is the intention of the PARTIES hereto
that research and development activities conducted under this CRADA should be to their mutual benefit and the benefit of the people of
the United States; and,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">WHEREAS, the cooperative research to be conducted
under this CRADA will be cooperatively planned and conducted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">NOW, THEREFORE, the PARTIES hereby agree as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 1. Definitions</U>.</B> As used in this CRADA, the following
terms shall have the following meanings and such meanings should be equally applicable to both the singular and plural forms of the terms
defined:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.1. &quot;BUSINESS CONFIDENTIAL&quot; refers to PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
and/or data given or imparted in confidence by either PARTY.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.2. &quot;CLASSIFIED&quot; means all information and/or data classified
in accordance with the national security laws of the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.3. &quot;CONTROLLED UNCLASSIFIED&quot; means unclassified information
as defined in AR 380-10 to which access or distribution limitations have been applied according to national laws, policies, and regulations
of the United States Government. It includes United States information that is determined to be exempt from public disclosure according
to DOD Directive 5230.25 and DODD 5400.7 or that is subject to export controls according to Title 22, CFR, parts 120-130, International
Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), and 15 CFR 730 et seq., Export Administration Regulations (EAR).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.4. &quot;CRADA&quot; means this cooperative research and development
agreement, including any appendices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.5. &quot;FOREIGN NATIONAL&quot; means a person who is not a citizen
or national of the United States or its territories. This definition does not include permanent residents (formerly immigrant aliens,
resident aliens, or intending United States citizens). For the purposes of this CRADA, this is a private non-United States citizen or
national having no official affiliation with his or her government of origin. (Source: Glossary, Section II, Terms, of AR 380-10, &ldquo;Foreign
Disclosure and Contacts with Foreign Representatives,&rdquo; dated June 22, 2005).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.6. &ldquo;GOVERNMENT means the United States Government, unless otherwise
specified.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.7. &ldquo;United States GOVERNMENT PURPOSE&rdquo; means any activity
in which the United States Government is a party, including cooperative agreements with international or multinational defense organizations
or sales or transfers by the United States Government to foreign governments or international organizations, and competitive procurements.
United States Government purpose does not include for commercial purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.8. &ldquo;INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY&rdquo; means patents, copyrights,
trade secrets, and trademarks protected by Federal Law and foreign counterparts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.9. &quot;INVENTION&quot; means and is limited to any INVENTION or
discovery that is or may be patentable under Title 35 of the United States Code (U.S.C.) or the patent laws of any foreign country or
any novel variety of plant that is or may be protected under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7&nbsp;U.S.C. &sect; 2321 et seq.).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.10. &ldquo;MADE,&rdquo; with respect to inventions that are patentable,
means conception or first actual reduction to practice during the performance of a work statement (Appendix B) under this CRADA by one
of the PARTIES to the CRADA (35 U.S.C. &sect; 201(g)).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.11. &ldquo;PARTY(IES)&rdquo; means any signatory to this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.12. &quot;PROPRIETARY INFORMATION&quot; means information that embodies
trade secrets developed at private expense or information that is business or financial information that is privileged or BUSINESS CONFIDENTIAL
under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. &sect; 552 (b) (4)), provided that such information:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">(a). Is not generally known or available from other sources
without obligations concerning their confidentiality;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">(b). Has not been made available by the owners to others
without obligation concerning its confidentiality; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">(c). Is not already available to the Government without
obligation concerning its confidentiality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.13. &ldquo;PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION&rdquo; means SUBJECT DATA
that is marked as being PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION by a PARTY to this CRADA and that would have been PROPRIETARY INFORMATION had it been
obtained from a non-federal entity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.14. &quot;SUBJECT DATA&quot; means all recorded information first
produced in the performance of a work statement (Appendix B) under this CRADA, both processed and unprocessed generated from modeling
and prototype implementation, and can be numeric, alphanumeric, text, photographs, or other recorded forms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.15. &quot;SUBJECT INVENTION&quot; means any INVENTION conceived or
first actually reduced to practice in the performance of a work statement (Appendix B) under this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">1.16. &ldquo;UNLIMITED RIGHTS&rdquo; means the right to use, modify,
reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose SUBJECT DATA in whole or in part, in any manner and for any U.S. Government purpose
whatsoever, and to have or authorize others to do so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 2. Cooperative Research</U>. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.1. The purpose and object of this CRADA is to provide for the sharing
of information and joint conduct of research and development investigations related to Electric Vehicle Research<B>,</B> scope, and obligations
of the PARTIES pursuant to this CRADA are itemized in Appendix A. Each PARTY hereto agrees to utilize whatever personnel, facilities,
equipment, skills, know-how, and information it considers necessary, consistent with its own policies, missions, requirements, and available
resources.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.2. Work Statements. Specific collaborative studies consistent with
the scope and obligations set forth in Appendix A shall be documented in work statements executed as amendments to this CRADA as set forth
in Article 8.7 and shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this CRADA. All work statements shall include a description of the
tasks to be performed by each PARTY, the products to be delivered, the schedule, and any other particulars deemed necessary by the PARTIES.
If any services to be performed by the ERDC require reimbursement, the work statement also shall specify the estimated cost and payment
schedule for the work to be performed. PARTNER understands and agrees that 15 U.S.C. &sect; 3710a permits Federal laboratories to provide
personnel, services, facilities, equipment, intellectual property, and other resources toward the conduct of research under a CRADA, but
specifically prohibits the transfer of funds to the non-Federal partner under the CRADA. A work statement template is in Appendix B. Article
2.6 refers to all financial obligations associated with work statements that include reimbursable funds by the PARTNER.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.3. Review of Work. Periodic discussions shall be held between ERDC
and PARTNER personnel for the purpose of reviewing the progress of work, as required. It is understood that the nature of this sponsored
research is such that completion within the period of performance specified, or within the limits of financial support allocated, cannot
be guaranteed. Accordingly, it is agreed that all sponsored research is to be performed on a best-efforts basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.4. Technical Management. The Technical Managers for each PARTY shall
be identified in each work statement executed as amendments to this CRADA as set forth in Article 8.7. These individuals will be responsible
for the scientific and technical conduct of this project for their respective organizations. If any of the Technical Managers are unable
to serve as technical managers during the term of the CRADA, PARTNER or ERDC will advise the other in writing of a successor<B>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.5. Scope Change. If at any time either technical representative determines
that the research data dictate a substantial change in the direction of the work, the PARTY shall promptly notify the other PARTY, and
the PARTIES shall make a good-faith effort to agree on any necessary written changes to a work statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.6. Financial Obligations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.6.1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Unless otherwise mutually
agreed to between the PARTIES in a work statement, each PARTY shall be responsible to pay all costs of labor, supplies, materials, equipment,
overhead, and other expenses, direct and indirect, that are incurred by such PARTY in connection with this CRADA, necessary to the performance
of specific work as agreed to by both PARTIES.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.6.2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In the event the PARTIES
mutually agree in a work statement that PARTNER will reimburse ERDC, such reimbursement will occur as set forth in this Section 2.6.2.
The cost of labor, supplies, materials, equipment, overhead, and other expenses, direct and indirect, computed in accordance with ERDC
standard accounting procedures, that are incurred by ERDC in connection with this CRADA, necessary to the performance of specific work
as agreed to by both PARTIES, are chargeable to PARTNER. Prior to the commencement of any agreed upon work by ERDC, PARTNER will deposit
with the ERDC Disbursing Officer sufficient funds to cover the estimated cost of the specific work to be performed. To initiate the work
effort, funds must be provided in advance. Progressive deposits may be made during the course of this CRADA according to the schedule
agreed upon in the work statement; however, at no time shall the costs incurred by the ERDC exceed the funds deposited by PARTNER. Any
funds on deposit over and above the total cost incurred will be refunded within 90&nbsp;days after determination of final costs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.6.3. Many financial management systems, including that used by the
United States Army Corps of Engineers, require that the employer&rsquo;s tax identification number (EIN) be entered during setup of a
new account. Accordingly, this information is provided below:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">2.6.4. Primarily payments shall be processed through the Electronic
Funds Transfer (EFT) or Wire Transfer. If unavailable for EFT or Wire Transfer, payments can be processed through a check. All checks
shall be drawn on United States banks. Transmitted options are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">a. [***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">b. [***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 2.2pt 0pt 57.3pt; text-indent: -0.95pt"><B>When funds are being transferred
electronically, please contact the F&amp;A in advance, and include (FOA Code: U4) to assure payments identified.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.35pt; text-indent: 0.5in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 20.35pt; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">c. Checks should be mailed thirty (30) days in advance and
made payable to &ldquo;Finance and Accounting Office, ERDC&rdquo; and forwarded to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">If you have any questions or concerns:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 3. Data Rights and Publication</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.1. Rights. PARTNER understands and agrees that ERDC shall not disclose
to PARTNER SUBJECT DATA or any other information developed or compiled by ERDC that is identified as classified or controlled unclassified.
Uncontrolled unclassified SUBJECT DATA that is developed or compiled under this CRADA shall be prepared, analyzed, shared, and mutually
interchanged by the PARTIES. However, such uncontrolled unclassified SUBJECT DATA shall not be disclosed to any third party without mutual
consent of the PARTIES to this CRADA, except that ERDC may disclose non-proprietary SUBJECT DATA when required to do so for United States
Government purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.2. PROPRIETARY INFORMATION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 13.5pt">3.2.1. ERDC agrees that any PROPRIETARY or BUSINESS CONFIDENTIAL
INFORMATION furnished by PARTNER to ERDC under this CRADA, or in contemplation of this CRADA, shall be used, reproduced, and disclosed
by ERDC in accordance with the Trade Secrets Act (18&nbsp;U.S.C. &sect; 1905) and only for the purpose of carrying out this CRADA, unless
written consent to such release is obtained from PARTNER.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 13.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 13.5pt">3.2.2. All PROPRIETARY INFORMATION exchanged between the
PARTIES (e.g., documents, descriptions, drawings, photographs, tapes, e-mail, or other media), will be clearly identified and marked with
an appropriate notice on each page.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 13.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 13.5pt">3.2.3. Information imparted orally shall not be protected
under this article, unless such information is subsequently reduced to tangible form within fifteen (15) days of disclosure and a copy
thereof furnished to the PARTY receiving the PROPRIETARY INFORMATION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.3. Publications. ERDC and PARTNER agree that the results of research
under this CRADA may be published jointly or separately by either PARTY, but they will confer and consult prior to the publication of
SUBJECT DATA to ensure that no PROPRIETARY or BUSINESS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION is released and that patent rights are not jeopardized.
It is agreed that, prior to either PARTY submitting a manuscript for review or publication containing results of research under this CRADA,
a copy of the manuscript will be submitted to the other PARTY at least ninety (90) days prior to being submitted for publication. If any
publication contains material subject to copyright, it will be handled in accordance with Article 4.12.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.3.1. Public Information/Marketing. To publish any type of information
about the CRADA&rsquo;s intent or results in any media including technical publications, news media, print materials, broadcast news,
internet, social networks, videotape productions, marketing materials, etc., produced during the active CRADA, each PARTY agrees to coordinate
with the other PARTY prior to any release, to include interviews with news reporters, live or through electronic contact. This requirement
also includes any media contacts made as a result of publications described in Article 3.3.1. Prior to either PARTY publicly releasing
information to non-peer-reviewed media, the proposed content will be submitted to the other PARTY at least thirty (30) days in advance.
In the event of a scientific breakthrough or other time-sensitive circumstance, the PARTY may request expedited approval of information
release through the other PARTY&rsquo;S authorized media agent. If any publication contains material subject to copyright, it will be
handled in accordance with Article 4.12.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.3.2. Awards/Recognitions. Award nominations for new science or technology
resulting from this CRADA will give credit to each PARTY and will be submitted by the nominating PARTY to the other PARTY for review and
comment at least thirty (30) days from the award&rsquo;s submittal deadline. In the event the research wins a major award or recognition,
the PARTIES will jointly accept any public presentation and will be featured as PARTIES in any media news releases or postings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.4. PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION. Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. &sect; 3710a
(c) (7) (B), with respect to information resulting from the performance of this CRADA that would be PROPRIETARY or CONFIDENTIAL if the
information had been obtained from the PARTNER, ERDC may provide appropriate protection against the dissemination of such information,
including exemption from the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. &sect; 552a).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">3.4.1. Each PARTY may designate as PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION
any SUBJECT DATA produced by its employees, and, with the agreement of the PARTY initially developing the information, mark any SUBJECT
DATA produced by that PARTY&rsquo;s employees. All such designated PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION shall be appropriately marked.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">3.4.2. For a period of five (5) years from the date PROTECTED
CRADA INFORMATION is produced, the PARTIES agree not to further disclose such information except as:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a.</TD><TD>Necessary to perform this CRADA;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b.</TD><TD>Provided in Article 3, Data Rights and Publication;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">c.</TD><TD>Requested by ERDC to be provided to other Government facilities for Government use only with the same protection in place; or</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">d.</TD><TD>Mutually agreed by the PARTIES in advance;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">e.</TD><TD>By Court order. </TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">3.4.3. The obligations of 3.4.2 above shall end sooner for
any information that shall become publicly known without the fault of any PARTY, shall come into a PARTY&rsquo;s possession without breach
by that PARTY of the obligations of 3.4 above, or shall be independently developed by a PARTY&rsquo;s employees who did not have access
to PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">3.5. ERDC shall have UNLIMITED RIGHTS in all SUBJECT DATA produced
or provided by the PARTIES under this CRADA, except for information marked as being copyrighted, PROTECTED CRADA INFORMATION, or PROPRIETARY
or BUSINESS CONFIDENTAL INFORMATION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 4. Patent and Other Intellectual Property Rights</U>.
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.1. Scope. The United States Government shall retain ownership of
any intellectual property to which it has title prior to this CRADA. Likewise, PARTNER shall retain ownership of any intellectual property
to which it has title prior to this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.2. Reporting. ERDC shall report to PARTNER within ninety (90) days
of each SUBJECT INVENTION developed under this CRADA reported to ERDC by its employees. PARTNER shall report to ERDC within ninety (90)
days of each SUBJECT INVENTION reported to PARTNER by any of its employees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.3. PARTNER Employee INVENTIONS. ERDC, on behalf of the United States
Government, waives any ownership rights the United States Government might have in SUBJECT INVENTIONS MADE by PARTNER employees and agrees
that PARTNER shall have the option to retain title in any such employee SUBJECT INVENTION and to obtain patents therein. PARTNER shall
notify ERDC within ninety (90) days of reporting the invention to ERDC of its election of this option and shall have the right to timely
file patent applications on such SUBJECT INVENTION at its own expense. PARTNER agrees to grant to the United States Government on PARTNER&rsquo;s
employee's SUBJECT INVENTIONS a non-exclusive, nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up license in the patents covering such SUBJECT INVENTIONS
to practice or have practiced, throughout the world by or on behalf of the United States Government, for research and other GOVERNMENT
PURPOSES. Such non-exclusive license shall be evidenced by a Confirmatory Instrument prepared by PARTNER in a form acceptable to ERDC.
With regard to SUBJECT INVENTIONS to which PARTNER retains right and title and files applications, such applications shall be filed prior
to the running of any statutory bar period, priority period, or any applicable filing deadline that will bar the granting of a patent
or other statutory rights on the INVENTION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.4. ERDC Employee INVENTIONS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.4.1. ERDC, on behalf of the United States Government, shall have
the initial option to retain title to each SUBJECT INVENTION MADE by its employees and to obtain patents therein. ERDC shall notify PARTNER
within ninety (90) days of reporting the invention to PARTNER of its election of this option and shall have the right to timely file patent
applications on such SUBJECT INVENTION at its own expense. PARTNER shall have the option to negotiate a license on any such INVENTIONS
including the option to choose an exclusive license for a pre-negotiated field of use.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.4.2. Pursuant to 15 USC 3710a(b)(1)(A), any license granted by the
laboratory shall be subject to the reservation by the United States Government of an irrevocable, paid-up right to practice or have practiced
the SUBJECT INVENTION on behalf of the United States Government for government purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.4.3. Pursuant to 15 USC 3710a(b)(1)(B), If a laboratory assigns title
or grants an exclusive license to a SUBJECT INVENTION, the Government shall retain the right:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">a. To require the collaborating party to grant to
a responsible applicant a nonexclusive, partially exclusive or exclusive license to use the invention in the applicant&rsquo;s licensed
field of use, on terms that are reasonable under the circumstances; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">b. If the collaborating party fails to grant such
a license, to grant the license itself.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.5. PARTNER Employee/ERDC Employee Joint INVENTIONS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.5.1. Joint SUBJECT INVENTIONS shall be jointly owned if
PARTNER files the patent application on the joint SUBJECT INVENTION. PARTNER shall be responsible for filing United States Patent Applications
for joint SUBJECT INVENTION in a timely manner. If PARTNER does not file a United States Patent Application on a joint SUBJECT INVENTION
within six (6) months after disclosure to either PARTY, and ERDC desires to file a patent application, PARTNER agrees to assign its rights
in the INVENTION to ERDC at no cost and ERDC will file a United States Patent Application on such joint SUBJECT INVENTION. ERDC, in turn,
agrees to grant PARTNER a royalty-free, non-exclusive license or to negotiate an exclusive license for a reasonable fee as set forth in
Article 4.8 below. The non-filing PARTY shall reasonably cooperate and assist the filing PARTY in perfecting the patent application, and
the Filing PARTY shall have the right to control the prosecution of the United States Patent Application. ERDC retains an associate power
of attorney on joint SUBJECT INVENTION filed as patent applications by other PARTIES to this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.5.2. Pursuant to 15 USC 3710a (b) (1) (A),
any license granted by the Laboratory shall be subject to the reservation by the United States Government of an irrevocable, paid-up
right to practice or have practiced the SUBJECT INVENTION on behalf of the United States Government for government purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.5.3. Pursuant to 15 USC 3710a (b) (1) (B),
if a laboratory assigns title or grants an exclusive license to a SUBJECT INVENTION, the Government shall retain the right-</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">a. To require the
collaborating party to grant to a responsible applicant a nonexclusive, partially exclusive, or exclusive license to use the invention
in the applicant's licensed field of use, on terms that are reasonable under the circumstances; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">b. If
the collaborating party fails to grant such a license, to grant the license itself.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.6. Patent Applications. Patent applications and other INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY applications on SUBJECT INVENTIONS shall be filed prior to the running of any statutory bar period, priority period, or applicable
filing deadline that would bar the granting of a patent or other INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY rights on a SUBJECT INVENTION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.6.1. PARTNER shall enter into agreements with its employee,
contractor, and subcontractor inventors to ensure assignment of their INVENTIONS to PARTNER and to ensure cooperation with preparation
and filing of patent applications on their INVENTIONS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.6.2. The PARTY filing an application under Article 4.5
shall provide the other PARTY with one (1) copy of the application at least thirty (30) days prior to filing, and shall use best efforts
to provide the other PARTY the right to inspect and copy documents relevant to the application.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.6.3. A first PARTY having rights in a SUBJECT INVENTION
may elect not to file patent applications thereon in particular country(ies) outside the United States, provided it so notifies the other
PARTY in writing within ninety (90) days from the date it reports the SUBJECT INVENTION to the other PARTY or such later date on which
it acquires such rights in the SUBJECT INVENTION, provided that such notice shall be provided in a reasonable time to permit the other
PARTY to establish patent rights in the SUBJECT INVENTION. Thereafter, the other PARTY may elect to file such applications on the SUBJECT
INVENTION in the identified countries, and the first PARTY shall assign its interests in the SUBJECT INVENTION in those identified countries
to the other PARTY. This assignment shall be subject to the retention by the first PARTY of a non-exclusive, irrevocable, paid-up license
to practice, or have practiced, the SUBJECT INVENTION in the identified countries in the case of PARTNER and throughout the world in the
case of ERDC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.7. Patent and Other Intellectual Property Expenses. The expenses
attendant to the filing, prosecution, issuance, and maintenance of patent and intellectual property applications as specified above shall
be borne by the PARTY filing the patent or intellectual property application.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.8. Royalties to ERDC. In this or any foreign country in which PARTNER
obtains title to a patent or other intellectual property rights grant, on any SUBJECT INVENTION made solely by ERDC employees or made
jointly by ERDC and PARTNER employees, PARTNER shall pay to ERDC a royalty based on a reasonable rate applied to a royalty base. Both
the royalty rate and the royalty base shall be negotiated in good faith and documented via an agreed upon patent license agreement negotiated
pursuant to Article 4.4.1 or 4.5.1.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.9. Prosecution of Patent and Intellectual Property Applications.
Both PARTIES agree to cooperate with the other in the preparation, filing, and prosecution of patent or other INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY applications
on any SUBJECT INVENTION in this or any foreign country. Each PARTY shall provide the other PARTY with a copy of any patent or other INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY application on any SUBJECT INVENTION filed in this or a foreign country within sixty (60) days after filing, along with the power
to inspect the patent or other INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY application.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.10. Transfer of Rights to Inventors. In this or any foreign country
where none of the PARTIES to this CRADA elects to file a patent or other INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY rights application on a SUBJECT INVENTION,
any or all of the PARTIES may transfer their patent or other INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY rights to the employee inventor(s) with the reservation
of a non-exclusive, non-transferable, irrevocable, world-wide, paid-up license to practice or have practiced the INVENTION by or on behalf
of the PARTIES.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.11. Maintenance Fees. The fees payable to a patent office in order
to maintain the intellectual property will be paid by the PARTY owning the patent, at its option. If that PARTY decides not to pay the
maintenance fees, it shall notify the other PARTY, which may pay the maintenance fees if it desires to maintain the enforcement of the
patent. If neither PARTY wishes to pay maintenance fees, the inventor(s) will be given a timely notice and opportunity to do so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.12. Copyrights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.12.1. Works Created by PARTNER. Ownership to copyrights
for SUBJECT DATA including original works of authorship created solely by employees of the PARTNER or for hire by the PARTNER in the course
of performance of work under this CRADA (subject works) are retained by the PARTNER. The PARTNER shall mark subject works with a copyright
notice showing the PARTNER as an owner and shall have the option to register the copyright at the expense of the PARTNER grants to the
United States Government a royalty-free, worldwide, non-exclusive, irrevocable, paid-up license to use, modify, prepare derivative works,
reproduce, distribute, perform, or display works created by PARTNER under this CRADA. PARTNER agrees to acquire rights from employees
and contractors as needed to implement this license grant by direct assignment from the owner of rights in subject works to PARTNER as
appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.12.2. Joint Works. Ownership of copyrights as may be available
under applicable laws for joint works prepared by employees of ERDC and the PARTNER in the course of performance of work under this CRADA
are retained solely by the PARTNER. The PARTNER grants to the United States Government a royalty free, worldwide, non-exclusive, irrevocable,
paid-up license to use, modify, prepare derivative works, reproduce, distribute, perform, or display works created by PARTNER under this
CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">4.12.3. Copyright Notice. If <FONT STYLE="text-decoration: double">either
PARTY publishes copyrighted SUBJECT DATA then, to the extent permitted by this CRADA, it</FONT> shall affix the applicable copyright
notice (see&nbsp;17&nbsp;U.S.C. &sect;&sect; 401, 402, and 403) and an acknowledgment of the scientific and technical contributions of
<FONT STYLE="text-decoration: double">the other PARTY. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">4.13. Trademark Qualifying Notice. Prior to the use of the trademark
or service mark obtained by the Government or PARTNER, the Parties will negotiate any reasonable qualifying language that must accompany
the trademark or service mark.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 5. Representations and Warranties</U></B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">5.1. Representations and Warranties of ERDC. ERDC hereby represents
and warrants to PARTNER as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.1.1. Organization. ERDC is a research and development
center of the Department of Army and is wholly owned by the United States Government ERDC&rsquo;s substantial purpose is the performance
of research, development, or engineering by employees of said Government.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.1.2. Mission. The performance of the activities specified
by this CRADA is consistent with the mission of ERDC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.1.3. Power and Authority. All prior reviews and approvals
required by regulations or law have been obtained by ERDC prior to the execution of this CRADA. The ERDC official executing this CRADA
has the requisite authority to do so.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">5.2. Representations and Warranties of PARTNER. PARTNER hereby represents
and warrants to ERDC as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">5.2.1. Corporate Organization. PARTNER, as of
the date hereof, is a</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">Corporation validly existing and established under the laws
of the State of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.2.2. Statement of Ownership. PARTNER IS NOT a foreign-owned
entity. PARTNER &ldquo;IS&rdquo; considered to be a small business as defined by the United States Small Business Administration.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.2.3. Power and Authority. PARTNER has the requisite power
and authority to enter into this CRADA and to perform according to the terms thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.2.4. Due Authorization PARTNER has taken all actions required
to be taken by law, articles of incorporation, bylaws, or otherwise, to authorize the execution and delivery of this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">5.2.5. No Violation. The execution and delivery of this
CRADA does not contravene any material provision of, or constitute a material default under any material CRADA binding on PARTNER or any
valid order of any court, or any regulatory agency or other body having authority to which PARTNER is subject.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">5.2.6. PARTNER hereby represents and warrants that it is not suspended,
proposed for debarment, or debarred from eligibility for federal procurements (i.e., contracts, grants, cooperative agreements). PARTNER
hereby agrees to make timely notification to the ERDC duly authorized representative named in Article 8.10 should this representation
change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 6. Termination</U>. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">6.1. Termination by Mutual Consent. PARTNER and ERDC may elect to terminate
this CRADA, or portions thereof, at any time by mutual written consent. In such event the PARTIES shall specify in writing the disposition
of all tangible property, intellectual property, and other results of work accomplished or in progress, arising from or performed under
this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">6.2. Termination by Unilateral Action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">6.2.1. Written Notice. Either PARTY may unilaterally terminate
this entire CRADA at any time by giving the other PARTY written notice not less than thirty (30) days prior to the desired termination
date, provided, however, that no PARTY shall have the right to terminate its obligation under Article 3, Data Rights and Publication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">6.2.2. ERDC may terminate this CRADA immediately if PARTNER
transfers the CRADA or any of its rights and obligations to another entity without ERDC&rsquo;s prior written approval or if direct or
indirect control of PARTNER is transferred to another entity without ERDC&rsquo;s prior written consent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">6.2.3. Data Rights. If either PARTY unilaterally terminates
this CRADA pursuant to 6.2.1 above, each PARTY shall return any and all SUBJECT DATA developed by the other PARTY that it might have in
its possession and will retain no rights to publish said SUBJECT DATA developed by the other PARTY after the effective date of the unilateral
action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in">6.2.4. New Commitments. ERDC shall make no new commitments
after receipt of a written termination notice from PARTNER and shall, to the extent feasible, cancel all outstanding commitments and contracts
by the termination date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">6.3. Termination Costs. Unless otherwise explicitly provided in this
Agreement, each party shall be solely responsible for all costs it has incurred under this Agreement through the effective date of termination.
Each PARTY is responsible for any costs it incurs after the effective date of termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 7. Liability</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">7.1. Liability. Each PARTY shall be responsible for the action of its
employees or its agents. PARTNER shall indemnify and hold harmless the Government for any loss, claim, damage, expense, or liability of
any kind involving an employee or agent of PARTNER arising in connection with the performance of work under this Agreement, except to
the extent that such loss, claim, damage, or liability arises from the negligence of the Federal Laboratory or its employees. The Government&rsquo;s
liability for the loss of property, personal injury or death, or otherwise arising out of any negligent act or omission of its employees
in connection with the performance of work under this Agreement shall be governed by the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. &sect; 2671-2680.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">7.2. No Warranty. Except as specifically stated herein, neither PARTY
makes any express or implied warranty as to any matter whatsoever, including the conditions of the research or any INVENTION or project.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">7.3. Force Majeure. Neither PARTY shall be considered in default for
any unforeseeable event beyond its reasonable control not caused by the fault or negligence of such PARTY that causes such PARTY to be
unable to perform its obligations under this CRADA (and which it has been unable to overcome by the exercise of due diligence), including,
but not limited to, flood, drought, earthquake, storm, fire, pestilence, lightning and other natural catastrophes, epidemic, war, riot,
civic disturbance or disobedience, strikes, labor dispute or failure or threat of failure, or sabotage, or any order or injunction made
by a court or public agency. In the event of the occurrence of such a force majeure event, the PARTY unable to perform shall promptly
notify the other PARTY. It shall further use its best efforts to resume performance as quickly as possible and shall suspend performance
only for such period of time as is necessary as a result of the force majeure event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">7.4. Products Liability. PARTNER agrees to indemnify and hold harmless
the Government for any loss, claim, damage, expense, or liability of any kind occurring as a result of the making, using, or selling of
a product, process, or service by or on behalf of the PARTNER its assignees and licensees and that was derived from work performed under
this Agreement. In respect to this provision, the government shall not be considered an assignee or licensee of PARTNER, as a result of
reserved Government rights under this Agreement. The Government&rsquo;s liability for losses, claims, damages, or expenses of PARTNER
occurring as a result of the making, using, or selling of a product, process, or service by or on behalf of the Government shall be governed
by the provisions of the Federal Tort Claims Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 8. Miscellaneous</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.1. Officials Not to Benefit. No member of or delegate to the United
States Congress or resident commissioner shall be admitted to any share or part of this CRADA, nor to any benefit that might arise therefrom;
but this provision shall not be construed to extend to this CRADA if made with a corporation for its general benefit.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.2. Governing Law. The technical validity, performance, and effect
of this CRADA for all purposes shall be governed by the substantive and procedural laws applicable to the United States Government, as
interpreted and applied in the federal courts of the United States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.3. Entire CRADA. This CRADA constitutes the entire agreement between
the PARTIES concerning the subject matter hereof and supersedes any prior understanding or written or oral agreement relative to said
matter.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.4. Headings. Titles and headings of the sections and subsections
of this CRADA are for the convenience of references only and do not form a part of this CRADA and shall in no way affect the interpretation
thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.5. Waivers. None of the provisions of this CRADA shall be considered
waived by any PARTY hereto unless such waiver is given in writing to all other PARTIES. The failure of any PARTY to insist upon strict
performance of any of the terms and conditions hereof, or failure or delay to exercise any rights provided herein or by law, shall not
be deemed a waiver of any rights of any PARTY hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.6. Severability. The illegality or invalidity of any provisions of
this CRADA shall not impair, affect, or invalidate the other provisions of this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.7. Amendments and Modifications. If either PARTY desires a modification
in this CRADA, the PARTIES shall, upon reasonable notice of the proposed modification by the PARTY desiring the change, confer in good
faith to determine the desirability of such modification. Such modification shall not be effective until a written amendment is signed
by all the PARTIES hereto by their representatives duly authorized to execute such amendment. All amendments will be considered integral
parts of this CRADA and will be included in an appendix specifically for said amendments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.8. Title to Property. The purchase or use of any property to carry
out this CRADA does not affect the ownership rights that would otherwise apply. All equipment developed or acquired under this CRADA shall
be the property of the PARTY developing or acquiring such equipment. However, property directly provided under this CRADA by either PARTY,
regardless of who uses the property in the performance of the work, shall remain the property of the providing PARTY unless other disposition
is mutually agreed upon in writing by the PARTIES. The PARTY holding the title to the equipment utilized in carrying out this CRADA is
responsible for the maintenance of the equipment and the costs of transportation to and from the site where it will be used.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.9. Assignment. Neither this CRADA nor any rights or obligations of
any PARTY hereunder shall be assigned or otherwise transferred by either PARTY without the prior written consent of the other PARTY.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.10. Official notices pertaining to amendments, disputes, or termination
shall be signed by a duly authorized representative and shall be delivered by United States Certified mail, or other form of express mail
service. All such official notices shall be addressed as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Either PARTY may change such address by giving notice to the other
PARTY in this manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.11. General written notices pertaining to the scientific and technical
execution of the work under this CRADA, such as progress reports, may be signed by the representatives named in the work statement provided
as an appendix. Either PARTY may change its authorized representative by giving notice to the other PARTY in this manner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.12. Independent Contractors. The relationship of the PARTIES to this
CRADA is that of independent contractors and not as agents of each other or as joint venturers or as business partners. Each PARTY shall
maintain sole and exclusive control over its personnel and operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.13. Use of Name or Endorsements. PARTNER shall not use the name or
any trademarks of ERDC, the United States Army Corps of Engineers, or the United States Government on any product or service that is directly
or indirectly related to either this CRADA or any patent license or assignment agreement that implements this CRADA unless permission
has been obtained from the Program Manager of the Army Trademark Licensing Program. ERDC shall assist in obtaining such approval as appropriate.
By entering into this CRADA, ERDC does not directly or indirectly endorse any product or service provided, or to be provided, by PARTNER,
its successors, assignees, or licensees. PARTNER shall not in any way imply that this CRADA is an endorsement of any such product or service.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.14. Covenant Against Contingent Fees. PARTNER warrants that no person
or selling agency has been employed or retained to solicit or secure this CRADA upon agreement or understanding for a commission, percentage,
brokerage, or contingent fee, excepting bona fide employees or bona fide established commercial or selling agencies maintained by PARTNER
for the purpose of securing business. For breach or violation of this warranty, ERDC shall have the right to annul this CRADA without
liability, or, in its discretion, to add to the CRADA price or consideration, or otherwise recover, the full amount of such commission,
percentage, brokerage, or contingent fee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.15. Preference for United States Industry. The PARTIES agree that
a purpose of this CRADA is to provide substantial benefit to the United States economy. Accordingly, PARTNER agrees that any product MADE
or produced under this CRADA, used or sold by PARTNER or any licensee or sub-licensee shall be manufactured substantially in the United
States.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.16. Access to Government Automated Information Systems. Both PARTIES
agree that any non-Government persons working under this CRADA (including United States citizens) who require access to Government Automated
Information Systems (stand-alone computers, network computers/system, email) shall, at a minimum, be designated into an ADP-III position
(non-sensitive) in accordance with DoD regulation 5220-22-R, <I>Industrial Security.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">8.17. Army Limited-Access Databases. This agreement and its appendices,
and modifications if any, may be maintained on United States Government-limited access, password-protected websites for program management
and record-keeping purposes. The PARTNER acknowledges and agrees to allow disclosure of this Agreement to third party contractors of the
Government to carry out these program management purposes, on a need-to-know basis, provided such contractors are legally bound to confidentiality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 9. Relationships with Foreign Entities. </U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 2.1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">9.1. FOREIGN NATIONALs Participation. Travel and/or visits by FOREIGN
NATIONALs to ERDC facilities related to CRADA coordination, negotiation, or execution will be governed by the provisions of Army Regulation
380-10, <I>Disclosure of Information and Visits of Foreign Nationals</I>. Travel and/or visits by FOREIGN NATIONALs will be conducted
with Headquarters, United States Army Corps of Engineers, Foreign Disclosure Office (CEMP-OI-FL), and follow procedures issued by that
office. PARTNER agrees to furnish the name of any FOREIGN NATIONAL who might be involved in the work performed under this CRADA in the
United States, along with documentation to verify that each was legally admitted into the United States and has authority to work and/or
attend school in the United States. This information should be forwarded to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 27pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">9.2. Export Control Laws. Each Party is responsible for their own compliance
with the export control laws and regulations. The PARTIES understand that this CRADA might involve technology and SUBJECT DATA that is
subject to export control laws and regulations, and each PARTY is responsible for its own compliance with such laws and regulations. Consideration
has been given to the provisions of Executive Order 12591. If it is determined that, under the International Traffic Arms Regulation or
Export Administration Regulation, controls are required on technology that may be transferred under this CRADA, such controls shall be
appropriately documented. Nothing in this CRADA waives any such statutory or regulatory requirement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 10. Alternative Dispute Resolution</U>. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">10.1. Settlement. In the event that a dispute arises under this CRADA
that which cannot be readily resolved, it shall be submitted jointly to the signatories of this CRADA. The PARTIES shall seek in good
faith to resolve the issue through negotiation or other forms of non-binding alternative disputes resolution mutually acceptable to the
PARTIES. A joint decision of the signatories or their designees shall be the final and binding disposition of such dispute, with no further
review. If the PARTIES cannot reach a joint settlement, either PARTY may terminate this Agreement immediately pursuant to Article 6.2.
To be clear, termination of this Agreement is the only remedy or recourse to either PARTY in the event of an irresolvable dispute.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">10.2. Continuation of Work. Pending the resolution of any dispute or
claim pursuant to this Article, the PARTIES agree that performance of all obligations shall be pursued diligently.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 11. Surviving Provisions. </U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">11.1. The Articles covering Definitions, Financial Obligations, Data
Rights and Publications, Patent and Other Intellectual Property Rights, Representations and Warranties, Liability, Amendments and Modifications,
Notices, Transfer to Foreign-owned or Foreign-controlled Entities, Alternative Dispute Resolution, and Surviving Provisions shall survive
the completion, termination, or expiration of this CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 12. Agency Review</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">12.1. Secretary of Army Review. Notwithstanding the delegation of authority
to execute this CRADA to the individual designated, the Secretary of the Army has reserved to the Assistant Secretary of the Army for
Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology (ASA(ALT)) the opportunity provided by 15 USC &sect; 3710a (c) (5) (A), to disapprove or to require
the modification of this CRADA and all subsequent amendments within 30 days of the date it is presented to him or her by ERDC under specific
conditions. This review will be incurred if the non-Federal partner is a foreign entity as defined in Executive Order 12591 or the CRADA
involves the receipt of more than $1 million in funds in any one fiscal year from the non-federal partner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">12.2. Ratification. In the event that the ASA(ALT) exercise the authority
reserved by Article 12.1, PARTNERS shall have thirty (30) days from notification of the required modification to ratify the modifications
or terminate the CRADA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>Article 13. Duration of CRADA and Effective Date. </U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">13.1. It is mutually recognized that the development program cannot
be rigidly defined in advance and that the contemplated time periods for completion of each phase are good-faith guidelines subject to
adjustment by mutual agreement, to fit circumstances as the development program proceeds. In no case will this CRADA extend beyond September
2028, unless it is amended in accordance with Article 8.7.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">13.2. Effective Date. This CRADA shall enter into force following last
signature date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the PARTIES have caused this CRADA to be executed
by their duly authorized representatives as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="width: 40%">For PARTNER:</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 20%">&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="width: 40%">For ERDC-CERL:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ Jordan Davis</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">/s/ [***]</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>JORDAN DAVIS</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>[***]</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>Chief Executive Officer</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Date: 9/27/2023</TD>
  <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
  <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Date: 10/4/2023</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>APPENDIX A</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BETWEEN</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>U.S. ARMY ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CENTER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LABORATORY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AND</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>VOLCON, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ELECTRIC VEHICLE RESEARCH</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Scope of Cooperative Research and Development Program</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The purpose of this CRADA to provide for the joint conduct of research
and development investigations related to electric vehicles. The respective obligations of the PARTIES in performing the cooperative research
and development program are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">ERDC:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(1) Shall make available laboratory engineers and scientists to collect
data and conduct collaborative research related to electric vehicles.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(2) Shall exchange research study results and technical information
related to electric vehicles in areas of common interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(3) Shall provide expert consultations related to electric vehicles
in areas of common interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">PARTNER:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(1) Shall make available engineers and scientists to electric vehicles
in areas of common interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(2) Shall exchange research study results and technical information
related to understanding changes and governing processes of electric vehicles in areas of common interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(3) Shall provide expert consultations related to understanding changes
and governing processes of electric vehicles in areas of common interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>APPENDIX B</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>WORK STATEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>BETWEEN</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>U.S. ARMY ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CENTER (ERDC)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LABORATORY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AND</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>VOLCON, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FOR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ELECTRIC VEHICLE RESEARCH</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to Article 2.2 of the subject AGREEMENT, this Work Statement
defines a particular research activity (consistent with the scope and obligations set forth in Appendix A to be conducted under the AGREEMENT.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>1.0. INTRODUCTION</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">PARTNER seeks to provide technical capabilities, resources, and expertise
in the mutually beneficial research and development of electric vehicle (EV) technology to expand its commercial electric vehicles into
a dual-use product (or family of products) capable of benefitting warfighters and USACE in support of emergency services disaster response.
The PARTNER seeks collaboration and feedback from ERDC for its EV products to improve energy management (measurement, monitoring, range
extension, export power, processes and procedures), synchronization with emerging microgrid and electrical infrastructure technologies
to ensure compatibility and scalable solutions, and feedback toward product development efforts to develop enhanced tactical ground vehicle
applications for warfighter support and emergency responders, and non-tactical applications for installation support.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>2.0 SCOPE OF WORK</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>2.1. Background Research:</B> Conversations between our teams have
inspired opportunities to collaborate on research and development topics related to electric vehicle technology that would be mutually
beneficial for both parties:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt"><B>ERDC:</B> Plans to gain knowledge of charging requirements
for electrical vehicles in a deployed environments as well as the impacts of the charging equipment on AMMPS generators as well as other
operational energy power supply options. ERDC will use this knowledge to develop and test energy management strategies to make the best
transition from fuel fired vehicles to electric vehicles.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 22.5pt"><B>PARTNER:</B> Potential benefits to the Cooperating Party
arising from this proposed collaboration include the development of electric vehicle technology that provides solutions to known problems,
such as: 1) Remote tactical recharging of electric vehicles; 2) Vehicle to Grid / Microgrid charging to maximize available power and minimize
or reduce the waste of traditional fuel-based energy generation; and, 3) Further the inputs to other DoD projects related to the 2022
US Army Climate Strategy and the Biden Administration&rsquo;s Executive Order 14057 which create the requirement for government fleet
electrification from present through 2050. By helping achieve these solutions in cooperation with ERDC, the Cooperating Party expects
to benefit by having made available to the DoD a vehicle that&rsquo;s scalable across the government verticals from federal, state, and
local.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><P STYLE="color: rgb(153,153,153); margin: 0pt">Certain identified information has been excluded from this exhibit because it is both not material and is the type that the issuer treats as private or confidential. Information that was omitted has been noted in this document with a placeholder identified by the mark &ldquo;[***]&rdquo;.</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>3.0. DELIVERABLES/REPORT</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">ERDC will prepare reports to the PARTNER describing the analyses and
results.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>4.0. COST AND SCHEDULE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Each PARTY shall be responsible to pay all costs of labor, supplies,
materials, equipment, overhead, and other expenses, direct and indirect, that are incurred by such PARTY in connection with this CRADA,
necessary to the performance of specific work as agreed to by both PARTIES.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt"><B><U>5.0. POINTS
OF CONTACT</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt">[***]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>vlcn-20231004_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.23.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140171079640736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 04, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct.  04,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-40867<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Volcon, Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001829794<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">84-4882689<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">3121
Eagles Nest Street, Suite 120<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Round Rock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">TX<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">78665<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(512)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">400-4271<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">VLCN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod', window );">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 7A<br> -Section B<br> -Subsection 2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
