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Organization and Basis of Presentation | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2020
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Organization and Basis of Presentation |
Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation
Organization Ocwen Financial Corporation (NYSE: OCN) (Ocwen, we, us and our) is a non-bank mortgage servicer and originator providing solutions to homeowners, investors and others through its primary operating subsidiaries, PHH Mortgage Corporation (PMC) and Liberty Home Equity Solutions, Inc. (Liberty). We are headquartered in West Palm Beach, Florida with offices in the United States (U.S.) and the United States Virgin Islands (USVI) and operations in India and the Philippines. Ocwen is a Florida corporation organized in February 1988. Ocwen directly or indirectly owns all of the outstanding common stock of its operating subsidiaries, including PMC since its acquisition on October 4, 2018, Liberty, Ocwen Financial Solutions Private Limited (OFSPL) and Ocwen USVI Services, LLC (OVIS). On March 13, 2020, as part of Ocwen's legal entity restructuring, Liberty and PMC entered into an amended asset purchase agreement pursuant to which Liberty transferred substantially all of its assets, liabilities, contracts and employees to PMC effective March 15, 2020. We continue to originate and service reverse mortgage loans under the brand name Liberty Reverse Mortgage. We perform servicing activities related to our own MSR portfolio (primary) and on behalf of other servicers (subservicing), the largest being New Residential Investment Corp. (NRZ), and investors (primary and master servicing), including the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) (collectively, the GSEs), the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) and private-label securitizations (PLS, or non-Agency). As a subservicer or primary servicer, we may be required to make advances for certain property tax and insurance premium payments, default and property maintenance payments and principal and interest payments on behalf of delinquent borrowers to mortgage loan investors before recovering them from borrowers. Most, but not all, of our subservicing agreements provide for us to be reimbursed for any such advances by the owner of the servicing rights. Advances made by us as primary servicer are generally recovered from the borrower or the mortgage loan investor. As master servicer, we collect mortgage payments from primary servicers and distribute the funds to investors in the mortgage-backed securities. To the extent the primary servicer does not advance the scheduled principal and interest, as master servicer we are responsible for advancing the shortfall, subject to certain limitations. We source our servicing portfolio through multiple channels, including recapture, retail, wholesale, correspondent, flow MSR purchase agreements, the GSE Cash Window programs and bulk MSR purchases. We originate, sell and securitize conventional (conforming to the underwriting standards of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac; collectively referred to as Agency loans) and government-insured (Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)) forward mortgages, generally servicing retained. The GSEs or Ginnie Mae guarantee these mortgage securitizations. We originate Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM) loans, or reverse mortgages, that are mostly insured by the FHA and we are an approved issuer of Home Equity Conversion Mortgage-Backed Securities (HMBS) that are guaranteed by Ginnie Mae. In addition to our originated MSRs, we acquire MSRs through flow purchase agreements, the GSE Cash Window and Co-issue programs and bulk MSR purchases, and we acquire new subservicing through our enterprise sales. We had a total of approximately 5,500 employees at June 30, 2020 of which approximately 3,500 were located in India and approximately 500 were based in the Philippines. Our operations in India and the Philippines primarily provide internal support services, principally to our loan servicing business and our corporate functions. Of our foreign-based employees, more than 76% were engaged in supporting our loan servicing operations as of June 30, 2020. We are facing certain challenges and uncertainties that could have significant adverse effects on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, and these challenges and uncertainties have been amplified by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. See Note 20 — Commitments relating to our advance obligations in the COVID-19 environment. Historical losses have significantly eroded stockholders’ equity and weakened our financial condition. Our near-term priority is to return to sustainable profitability in the shortest timeframe possible within an appropriate risk and compliance environment. If we are able to execute on our key business initiatives, we believe we will drive stronger financial performance. First, we must continue to expand our originations business to replenish and grow our servicing portfolio and mitigate our client concentration risk with NRZ. Second, we must continue to re-engineer our cost structure to maintain an industry competitive cost position. Third, we must manage our balance sheet to ensure adequate liquidity, finance our ongoing business needs and provide a solid platform for executing on our growth initiatives. To this end, we have engaged bankers to assist us in exploring all strategic options to leverage our proven operating capability in this environment as we seek to fully realize the value of our platform. Finally, we must fulfill our regulatory commitments and resolve our remaining legal and regulatory matters on satisfactory terms. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the instructions of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to Form 10-Q and SEC Regulation S-X, Article 10, Rule 10-01 for interim financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for complete financial statements. In our opinion, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. The results of operations and other data for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the year ending December 31, 2020. The unaudited consolidated financial statements presented herein should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Use of Estimates and Assumptions The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires that management make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, those that relate to fair value measurements, income taxes, the provision for losses that may arise from litigation proceedings, and our going concern evaluation. In developing estimates and assumptions, management uses all available information; however, actual results could materially differ from those estimates and assumptions. Reclassifications Certain amounts in the unaudited consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019, the unaudited consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and the unaudited consolidated statement of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications had no impact on total assets or total liabilities in our unaudited consolidated balance sheets, no impact on net income (loss) or total revenue in our unaudited consolidated statements of operations and no impact on operating, investing and financing cash flows in our unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows. We now present Reverse mortgage revenue, net as a separate revenue line item on the face of the unaudited consolidated statements of operations to provide a further breakdown of Other revenue, net and provide greater transparency on the performance associated with our portfolio of HECM loans, net of the HMBS-related borrowings that are both measured at fair value, as follows:
| Periods Ended June 30, 2019
Reclassification within the Statement of Operations | Three Months |  | Six Months
| Revenue |  |  |
| From | Gain on loans held for sale, net | $ | 6,757 |  |  | $ | 15,370 |
| From | Other revenue, net | 14,514 |  |  | 38,777 |
| From | Servicing and subservicing fees | (778 | ) |  | (1,531 | )
| To | Reverse mortgage revenue, net (New line item) | 20,493 |  |  | 52,616 |
| Total revenue | — |  |  | — |
In addition to the above reclassifications, we have made the following presentation changes:
• | In the unaudited consolidated statements of operations, we now separately present MSR valuation adjustments, net from Total expenses, renamed “Operating expenses”. The purpose of this reclassification is to separately present fair value changes from operating expenses and provide additional insights on the nature of our performance.
• | Within Other income (expense), net on the unaudited consolidated statements of operations, we now present the expense related to the pledged MSR liability recorded at fair value separately from Interest expense. The purpose of this reclassification is to improve transparency between the interest expense associated with interest-bearing liabilities recorded on an accrual basis and expenses that are attributable to the pledged MSR liability recorded at fair value. The pledged MSR liability is the obligation to deliver to NRZ all contractual cash flows associated with the underlying
MSR that did not meet the requirements for sale accounting treatment. The Pledged MSR liability expense reflects net servicing fee remittance and fair value changes.
• | Within the Total assets section of our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019, we reclassified Match funded advances to Advances to present all servicing-related advances as a single line item.
• | Within the Cash flows from operating activities section, we reclassified Amortization of debt issuance costs of $1.5 million from Other, net to a new separate line item.
• | Within the Cash flows from operating activities section, we reclassified Gain on loans held for sale, net of $2.6 million related to reverse mortgages to Other, net.
• | Within the Cash flows from investing activities section, we reclassified Proceeds from sale of real estate of $3.2 million from Other, net to a new separate line.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13 and ASU 2019-04) This ASU requires the measurement and recording of expected lifetime credit losses on loans and other financial instruments measured at amortized cost and replaces the existing incurred loss model for credit losses. The new guidance requires an organization to measure all current expected credit losses (CECL) for financial assets held and certain off-balance sheet credit exposures at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. This standard requires enhanced disclosures related to the significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization’s portfolio. Additionally, the new guidance amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. We adopted this standard on January 1, 2020 by applying the guidance at the adoption date with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. We used the modified retrospective method for all financial assets in scope of the standard. Our statements of operations for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2020 are presented under the new guidance, while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with previously applicable GAAP. As permitted by this standard, we made an irrevocable fair value election for certain financial instruments within the scope of the standard. We elected the fair value option for future draw commitments for HECM loans purchased or originated before January 1, 2019. For the HECM loan future draw commitments, we recorded a $47.0 million cumulative-effect transition gain adjustment (before income taxes) to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020 to recognize the fair value as of that date. We did not record any significant net tax effect related to this adjustment as the increase in the deferred tax liability was offset by a corresponding decrease to the valuation allowance. The transition adjustment related to financial instruments for which we are not electing the fair value option did not result in any significant adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. Our measurement of lifetime expected credit losses is based on relevant qualitative and quantitative information about past events, including historical loss experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect collectability. Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (ASU 2018-13) This ASU modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements in FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. The main provisions in this ASU include removal of the following disclosure requirements: 1) the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, 2) the policy for timing of transfers between levels and 3) the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. This standard adds disclosure requirements to report the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period, and for certain unobservable inputs an entity may disclose other quantitative information in lieu of the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. Our adoption of this standard on January 1, 2020 did not have a material impact on our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software: Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (ASU 2018-15) This ASU aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this ASU. The amendments in this ASU require an entity (customer) in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the guidance to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as an asset related to the service contract and which costs to expense. The amendments in this ASU require the entity (customer) to expense the capitalized implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract over the term of the hosting arrangement. The amendments in this ASU also require the entity to present the expense related to the capitalized implementation costs in the same line item in the statement of operations as the fees associated with the hosting element (service) of the arrangement and classify payments for capitalized implementation costs in the statement of cash flows in the same manner as payments made for fees associated with the hosting element. Upon adoption of this standard on January 1, 2020, we elected to apply the amendments in this ASU prospectively to all implementation costs incurred subsequent to that date. Our adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our unaudited consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standards Issued but Not Yet Adopted Income Taxes: Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (ASU 2019-12) On December 18, 2019, the FASB issued this ASU to ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Amendments include the removal of certain exceptions to the general principles of ASC 740 in such areas as intraperiod tax allocation, year to date losses in interim periods and deferred tax liabilities related to outside basis differences. Amendments also include simplification in other areas such as interim recognition of enactment of tax laws or rate changes and accounting for a franchise tax (or similar tax) that is partially based on income. This standard will be effective for us on January 1, 2021. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual period, with any adjustments reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. If an entity chooses to early adopt, it must adopt all changes as a result of the ASU. We are currently evaluating the effect of this standard.

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