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Income Taxes
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 17 - Income Taxes

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
Income tax expense (benefit)
$1.3 $3.0$(11.7)$4.7 
Income before income taxes
$22.8 $13.5 $32.0 $45.3 
Effective tax rate5.8 %22.2 %(36.6)%10.3 %

The $11.7 million income tax benefit for the six months ended June 30, 2025 includes the recognition of a $13.3 million benefit due to the favorable resolution of a prior-year uncertain tax position during the three months ended March 31, 2025.
Our annual effective tax rate is generally lower than the 21% federal statutory income tax rate primarily due to the full valuation allowance recorded on our net U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets ($179.8 million as of December 31, 2024). The realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on our ability to generate sufficient future taxable income. We conduct periodic evaluations of positive and negative evidence to determine whether it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset can be realized in future periods. In these evaluations, we give more significant weight to objective evidence, such as our actual financial condition and historical results of operations, as compared to subjective evidence, such as projections of future taxable income or losses. Other factors considered in these evaluations are future reversals of temporary differences, tax character and the impact of tax planning strategies that may be implemented, if warranted. We determined that a full valuation allowance at June 30, 2025 remained appropriate.
We believe it is reasonably possible that by December 31, 2025, we could release some or all of our valuation allowance that currently offsets our net U.S. deferred tax asset. The accounting guidance (ASC 740, Income Taxes) states that “a cumulative loss in recent years is a significant piece of negative evidence that is difficult to overcome”. We believe it is reasonably possible that by December 31, 2025, we would have transitioned from a cumulative loss in recent years to cumulative income as a result of Onity improving its earnings in the more recent years. Any release of our valuation allowance requires significant judgment and is contingent on continued analysis of the positive and negative evidence and actual and expected future profitability. As such, the exact timing and amount of any valuation allowance release is subject to change. We will continue to maintain a full valuation allowance on our U.S. net deferred tax asset until there is sufficient positive evidence to support the reversal of all or some portion of this allowance. Release of the valuation allowance would result in an increase to Deferred tax assets, net on our consolidated balance sheet, and a corresponding non-cash decrease to income tax expense (thus an increase to net income and stockholders’ equity).
On July 4, 2025, the reconciliation bill commonly referred to as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (OBBBA) was signed into law. The OBBBA includes significant amendments to the Internal Revenue Code including, but not limited to, the restoration of 100% bonus depreciation, the reinstatement of expensing for domestic research and experimental (R&E) expenditures, modifications to Section 163(j) interest expense limitations, updates to the rules for global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) and foreign-derived intangible income (FDII), and the expansion of Section 162(m) executive compensation aggregation requirements. Onity is currently evaluating the potential impact of this legislation on its consolidated financial statements, including effects on current and deferred taxes. Onity has not yet completed its evaluation of the tax impacts of this new legislation, but the impacts are not expected to be material.