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Segment Information
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information
Segment Information

The Company is a leading marketing solutions provider. The Company leverages its strong print foundation as part of a much larger, robust integrated marketing platform that helps marketers and content creators improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their marketing spend across offline and online media channels. The Company’s operating and reportable segments are aligned with how the chief operating decision maker of the Company currently manages the business. The Company’s operating and reportable segments, including their product and service offerings, and a “Corporate” category are as follows:

•United States Print and Related Services
•International
•Corporate

United States Print and Related Services

The United States Print and Related Services segment is predominantly comprised of the Company’s United States printing operations and is managed as one integrated platform. This includes retail inserts, publications, catalogs, special interest publications, journals, direct mail, books, directories, in-store marketing and promotion, packaging, newspapers, custom print products, other commercial and specialty printed products and global paper procurement, together with marketing and other complementary services, including consumer insights, audience targeting, personalization, media planning and placement, process optimization, campaign planning and creation, pre-media production, videography, photography, digital execution, print execution and logistics. This segment also includes the manufacture of ink.

International

The International segment consists of the Company’s printing operations in Europe and Latin America, including operations in England, France, Germany, Poland, Argentina, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, as well as investments in printing operations in Brazil and India. This segment provides printed products and marketing and other complementary services consistent with the United States Print and Related Services segment. Unrestricted subsidiaries as defined in the Senior Unsecured Notes indenture represent less than 2.0% of total consolidated assets as of December 31, 2018, and less than 2.0% of total consolidated net sales for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Corporate

Corporate consists of unallocated general and administrative activities and associated expenses including, in part, executive, legal and finance, as well as certain expenses and income from frozen employee retirement plans, such as pension benefit plans.

The following is a summary of segment information for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restructuring, Impairment and Transaction-Related Charges
 
Net Sales
 
Operating Income (Loss)
 
Depreciation and Amortization
 
Capital Expenditures
 
 
Products
 
Services
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States Print and Related Services
$
3,023.8

 
$
782.8

 
$
154.0

 
$
209.0

 
$
69.3

 
$
37.8

International
368.5

 
18.6

 
1.5

 
20.8

 
27.0

 
22.2

Total operating segments
3,392.3

 
801.4

 
155.5

 
229.8

 
96.3

 
60.0

Corporate
—

 
—

 
(97.5
)
 
0.9

 
—

 
43.6

Total
$
3,392.3

 
$
801.4

 
$
58.0

 
$
230.7

 
$
96.3

 
$
103.6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States Print and Related Services
$
3,156.9

 
$
583.2

 
$
194.3

 
$
210.8

 
$
73.3

 
$
53.6

International
372.1

 
19.2

 
19.6

 
21.0

 
12.6

 
3.3

Total operating segments
3,529.0

 
602.4

 
213.9

 
231.8

 
85.9

 
56.9

Corporate
—

 
—

 
(58.6
)
 
0.7

 
—

 
3.5

Total
$
3,529.0

 
$
602.4

 
$
155.3

 
$
232.5

 
$
85.9

 
$
60.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States Print and Related Services
$
3,335.1

 
$
591.9

 
$
186.1

 
$
252.4

 
$
88.1

 
$
59.3

International
382.0

 
20.5

 
13.5

 
24.1

 
18.0

 
(1.1
)
Total operating segments
3,717.1

 
612.4

 
199.6

 
276.5

 
106.1

 
58.2

Corporate
—

 
—

 
(82.3
)
 
0.6

 
—

 
15.4

Total
$
3,717.1

 
$
612.4

 
$
117.3

 
$
277.1

 
$
106.1

 
$
73.6



Restructuring, impairment and transaction-related charges for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, are further described in Note 4, “Restructuring, Impairment and Transaction-Related Charges,” and are included in the operating income (loss) results by segment above.

A reconciliation of operating income (loss) to earnings (loss) before income taxes and equity in loss of unconsolidated entity as reported in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, was as follows:
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Operating income
$
58.0

 
$
155.3

 
$
117.3

Less: interest expense
73.3

 
71.1

 
77.2

Less: net pension income
(12.4
)
 
(9.6
)
 
(5.1
)
Less: loss (gain) on debt extinguishment
—

 
2.6

 
(14.1
)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes and equity in (earnings) loss of unconsolidated entity
$
(2.9
)
 
$
91.2

 
$
59.3



Total assets by segment at December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, were as follows:
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
United States Print and Related Services
$
2,057.8

 
$
2,060.9

 
$
2,241.3

International
341.5

 
329.5

 
312.7

Total operating segments
2,399.3

 
2,390.4

 
2,554.0

Corporate
69.8

 
62.0

 
16.1

Total
$
2,469.1

 
$
2,452.4

 
$
2,570.1