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New Accounting Pronouncements
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]  
New Accounting Pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2018-15 “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (“ASU 2018-15”), which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Entities are allowed to apply either a retrospective or prospective transition approach to adopt the guidance. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-15 on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2018-14 “Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans” (“ASU 2018-14”), which adds, removes and clarifies year-end disclosure requirements related to defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. This guidance is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. This new guidance will require a retrospective adoption approach. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-14 on the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2018-13 “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2018-13”), which changes the requirements on fair value measurements by removing, modifying or adding certain disclosures. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Entities electing to early adopt are permitted to early adopt the eliminated or modified disclosure requirements and delay the adoption of all the new disclosure requirements until their effective date. The adoption of ASU 2018-13 requires the application of a combination of the prospective and retrospective methods of transition, depending on the topic of disclosure. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2018-13 on the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2018-02 “Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” (“ASU 2018-02”), which will give entities the option to reclassify tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a result of tax reform into accumulated deficit. The guidance requires the entity to disclose whether or not it has elected to reclassify the tax effects related to the Tax Act, as well as the entity's policy for releasing income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive loss. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted in periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance, including in the period the Tax Act was enacted. Entities that choose to adopt ASU 2018-02 in an annual or interim period after the period of enactment will be able to choose whether to apply the amendments retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the Tax Act is recognized, or to apply the amendments in the period of adoption. The Company has adopted this standard as of January 1, 2018, applying the amendments in the period of adoption. The Company has elected to reclassify the stranded tax effects related to the change in federal tax rate due to enactment of the Tax Act for all items in accumulated other comprehensive loss. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2018-02, the Company has reclassified $2.9 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss to decrease accumulated deficit. See Note 19, “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss,” for the breakout of the impact by component.

In August 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-12 “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities” (“ASU 2017-12”), which simplifies and reduces the complexity of the hedge accounting requirements and better aligns an entity's financial reporting for hedging relationships with its risk management activities. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. This new guidance will require a modified retrospective adoption approach to existing hedging relationships as of the adoption date. The Company has adopted this standard as of January 1, 2018, and the adoption of ASU 2017-12 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, which requires that an employer disaggregate the service cost component from net benefit cost and provides guidance on how to present the service costs and other components of net benefit costs in the statement of operations. Under the new standard, an entity must report the service cost component in the same line item as other compensation costs. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the statement of operations separately from the service cost component and outside the subtotal of operating income. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and requires a retrospective adoption approach for the classification of components of net periodic benefit cost in the statement of operations. The Company has adopted this standard as of January 1, 2018, applying a retrospective adoption approach and utilizing the practical expedient that permits the use of the amounts disclosed in previous filings for net pension income as the estimation basis for the presentation of the prior comparative periods. See Note 1, “Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” for additional accounting policy and transition disclosures and Note 15, “Employee Retirement Plans,” for the components of net pension income.

In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-04 “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” (“ASU 2017-04”), which eliminates Step 2 as part of the goodwill impairment test. The amount of the impairment charge to be recognized would now be the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. The loss to be recognized cannot exceed the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The amendments in ASU 2017-04 are effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company elected to early adopt this standard and has applied this guidance to all goodwill impairment analyses performed after January 1, 2018.

In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-18 “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash” (“ASU 2016-18”), which clarifies guidance on the classification and presentation of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and requires a retrospective adoption approach. The Company has adopted this standard as of January 1, 2018, and as a result, the Company has condensed the line items “cash and cash equivalents” and “restricted cash” into one line on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has also made adjustments to the consolidated statements of cash flows, which included removing certain line items related to the transfer of restricted cash, and adjusting beginning and ending cash balances to reflect the newly condensed “cash and cash equivalents” line item within the consolidated balance sheets. The adoption of ASU 2016-18 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”), which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. Under the new guidance, entities will be required to measure expected credit losses for financial instruments, including trade receivables, based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable forecasts. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. This new guidance will require a modified retrospective transition approach, where the entity will need to apply a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings (accumulated deficit) as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 on the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which establishes a right-of-use model requiring a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than twelve months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition. The guidance also requires additional disclosures to enable users of financial statements to understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The FASB approved a proposal to allow a prospective transition approach, in which only the current year financial statements would need to be reported under the new accounting model. The Company elected that option and will present the current year financial statements in accordance with Topic 842, while prior year comparative periods will be presented under Topic 840.

The Company developed a comprehensive project plan and established a cross-functional implementation team to evaluate the impact of the standard. The project plan included evaluating the Company's lease portfolio, analyzing the standard’s impact on the Company’s various types of lease contracts and identifying the reporting requirements of the new standard. The Company completed the analysis and implementation of a system and performing data validation that will assist in meeting the standard’s reporting and disclosure requirements. The Company elected the available practical expedients and implemented changes to its processes and internal controls to enable the preparation of financial information upon adoption.

The Company has adopted the standard as of January 1, 2019, applying the modified retrospective transition approach for all leases existing at, or entered into after, January 1, 2019. The Company is in the final stages of calculating the transition adjustment, which requires companies to record a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all operating leases valued at the present value of the remaining leases payments, discounted using the discount rate for the lease at the transition date. The impact of the transition adjustment is estimated to be $130.0 million to $140.0 million to the consolidated balance sheets, with no impact to the consolidated statements of operations.