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Retirement Benefit Plans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Retirement Benefit Plans Retirement Benefit Plans
Defined Benefit Plans: We maintain defined benefit pension plans that provide benefits based on years of service and average compensation during certain periods. Prior to 2023, we amended the Combined Plan to freeze pension benefits for all employees. We also amended the Supplemental Retirement Benefit Plan (SERP) to freeze all pension benefits. All of our eligible employees, including employees whose pension benefits are frozen, receive retirement benefits under defined contribution retirement plans.

During 2023, our Board of Directors approved the termination of the Combined Plan and participants were offered lump-sum distributions as part of the termination process. As a result of the lump-sum distributions, we recognized a non-cash, pension settlement charge of $1.8 million on the Other, net line within the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. The $1.8 million charge represents a pro rata portion of the unrecognized net loss recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss.

The assumptions used in accounting for the defined benefit plans were as follows for the years ended December 31:
 20242023
Weighted average discount rates for pension benefit obligation
5.39% - 5.49%
5.02% - 5.04%
Weighted average discount rates for net periodic benefit cost
5.02% - 5.04%
5.36% - 5.40%
Expected long-term rate of return on assets for net periodic benefit cost5.00%7.00%
Set forth below is detail of the net periodic pension expense for the defined benefit plans for the years ended December 31:
 20242023
Interest cost$1,360 $1,639 
Expected return on plan assets(1,641)(2,751)
Amortization of actuarial loss270 51 
Amortization of prior service cost58 58 
     Settlements— 1,815 
Net periodic pension expense
$47 $812 
Set forth below is detail of other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31:
 20242023
Current year actuarial loss
$960 $2,560 
Amortization of actuarial loss(270)(51)
Amortization of prior service cost(58)(58)
     Settlements— (1,815)
Total recognized in other comprehensive loss$632 $636 
The following table sets forth the changes in the benefit obligation and the plan assets during the year and the funded status of the defined benefit plans at December 31:
 20242023
Change in benefit obligation  
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year$28,357 $31,722 
Interest cost1,360 1,639 
Actuarial (gain) loss
(427)2,261 
Benefits paid(2,610)(2,614)
Settlements— (4,651)
Projected benefit obligation at end of year$26,680 $28,357 
Accumulated benefit obligation at end of year$26,680 $28,357 
Change in plan assets 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year$30,128 $34,485 
Actual return on plan assets258 2,452 
Employer contributions475 456 
Benefits paid(2,610)(2,614)
Settlements— (4,651)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year$28,251 $30,128 
Funded status at end of year$1,571 $1,771 
Amounts recognized in the balance sheets consist of: 
Non-current assets$5,624 $6,068 
Current liabilities(515)(510)
Non-current liabilities(3,538)(3,787)
 $1,571 $1,771 
Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of:
Actuarial loss$12,072 $11,379 
Prior service cost528 586 
Deferred taxes(2,869)(2,724)
 $9,731 $9,241 
We recognize as a component of benefit (income) cost, as of the measurement date, any unrecognized actuarial net gains or losses that exceed 10% of the larger of the projected benefit obligations or the plan assets, defined as the corridor. Amounts outside the corridor are amortized over the average expected remaining service of active participants expected to benefit under the retiree medical plans or over the average expected remaining lifetime of inactive participants for the pension plans. The (gain) loss amounts recognized in AOCI are not expected to be fully recognized until the plan is terminated or as settlements occur, which would trigger accelerated recognition. Prior service costs resulting from plan changes are also in AOCI.
Our policy is to make contributions to fund our pension plans within the range allowed by applicable regulations.
We maintain one supplemental defined benefit plan that pays monthly benefits to participants directly out of corporate funds. All other pension benefit payments are made from assets of the pension plans.
Future pension benefit payments expected to be paid from assets of the pension plans are:
2025$2,750 
20262,631 
20272,575 
20282,514 
20292,435 
2030 - 203410,860 
 $23,765 
The expected long-term rate of return on defined benefit plan assets reflects management's expectations of long-term rates of return on funds invested to provide for benefits included in the projected benefit obligations. In establishing the expected long-term rate of return assumption for plan assets, we consider the historical rates of return over a period of time that is consistent with the long-term nature of the underlying obligations of these plans as well as a forward-looking rate of return. The historical and forward-looking rates of return for each of the asset classes used to determine our estimated rate of return assumption were based upon the rates of return earned or expected to be earned by investments in the equivalent benchmark market indices for each of the asset classes.
Expected returns for pension plans are based on a calculated market-related value for pension plan assets. Under this methodology, asset gains and losses resulting from actual returns that differ from our expected returns are recognized in the market-related value of assets ratably over three years.
The pension plans maintain investment policies that, among other things, establish a portfolio asset allocation methodology with percentage allocation bands for individual asset classes. The investment policies provide that investments are reallocated between asset classes as balances exceed or fall below the appropriate allocation bands.
The following is the actual allocation percentage and target allocation percentage for the pension plan assets at December 31:
 2024 Actual
Allocation		2023 Actual
Allocation		Target Allocation
Range
Fixed income securities99.2 %99.1 %
90.0% - 100.0%
Money market funds0.8 %0.6 %
0.0% - 10.0%
Cash equivalents— %0.3 %
0.0%

The asset allocation reflects the move into fixed income securities to mitigate volatility prior to the termination of the Combined Plan, currently expected to occur in 2025.

The defined benefit pension plans do not have any direct ownership of NACCO common stock.
The fair value of each major category of our pension plan assets are valued using quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets, or Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. Following are the values as of December 31:
Level 1
 20242023
Fixed income securities$28,028 $29,866 
Money market funds223 181 
Cash equivalents— 81 
Total$28,251 $30,128 
Postretirement Health Care: We also maintain health care plans which provide benefits to grandfathered eligible retired employees. All of our health care plans have a cap on our share of the costs. The health care plans have network provided benefits which result in cost savings for us. These plans have no assets. Under our current policy, plan benefits are funded at the time they are due to participants.
The assumptions used in accounting for the postretirement health care plans are set forth below for the years ended December 31:
 20242023
Weighted average discount rates for benefit obligation5.26 %4.98 %
Weighted average discount rates for net periodic benefit cost4.98 %5.29 %
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
6.50%
6.25% - 6.50%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (ultimate trend rate)
4.75%
4.75%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
2033
2029 - 2033
Set forth below is detail of the net periodic benefit expense for the postretirement health care plans for the years ended December 31:
 20242023
Service cost$8 $7 
Interest cost75 77 
Amortization of actuarial loss75 44 
Amortization of prior service credit(6)(50)
Net periodic benefit expense$152 $78 
Set forth below is detail of other changes in benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss for the years ended December 31:
 20242023
Current year actuarial (gain) loss
$(49)$173 
Amortization of actuarial loss(75)(44)
Amortization of prior service credit6 50 
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss
$(118)$179 
The following sets forth the changes in benefit obligations during the year and the funded status of the postretirement health care plans at December 31:
 20242023
Change in benefit obligation  
Benefit obligation at beginning of year$1,579 $1,551 
Service cost8 7 
Interest cost75 77 
Actuarial (gain) loss
(49)173 
Benefits paid(195)(229)
Benefit obligation at end of year$1,418 $1,579 
Funded status at end of year$(1,418)$(1,579)
Amounts recognized in the balance sheets consist of: 
Current liabilities$(169)$(183)
Noncurrent liabilities(1,249)(1,396)
 $(1,418)$(1,579)
Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of: 
Actuarial loss$416 $542 
Prior service credit— (6)
Deferred taxes(95)(123)
 $321 $413 
Future postretirement health care benefit payments expected to be paid are:
2025173 
2026182 
2027185 
2028174 
2029166 
2030 - 2034582 
 $1,462 
Defined Contribution Plans: We maintain a defined contribution (401(k)) plan for substantially all employees and provide employer matching contributions based on plan provisions. The plan also provides for a minimum employer contribution. Our matching contributions for these plans were $3.6 million and $3.6 million in 2024 and 2023, respectively.