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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 28, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Fiscal Year The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to December 31st and consists of either 52 or 53-week periods. Fiscal 2024, fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022 each contained 52 weeks. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and judgments, including those related to the im pairment analyses for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets, revenue, share-based compensation, income taxes, tax contingencies and litigation. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other factors and assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. While all available information has been considered, actual amounts could differ from these estimates. These estimates and assumptions may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained, and such future changes may have an adverse impact on the Company's results of operations, financial position and liquidity. Variable Interest Entity The Company evaluates its ownership, contractual and other interests in entities to determine if it has any variable interest in a variable interest entity (“VIE”). These evaluations are complex and involve judgment and the use of estimates and assumptions based on available information. If the Company determines that an entity in which it holds a contractual or ownership interest is a VIE and that the Company is the primary beneficiary, such entity is consolidated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that meets both of the following criteria: (i) has the power to make decisions that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE; and (ii) has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that in either case could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company performs ongoing reassessments of whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding the Company’s involvement with a VIE will cause the consolidation conclusion to change. Through WeightWatchers Clinic, the Company operates certain clinical telehealth groups which are deemed to be Friendly-Physician Entities (“FPEs”) and due to legal requirements, the physician-owners must retain 100% of the equity interest. The Company’s agreements with FPEs generally consist of both an Administrative Services Agreement, which provides for various administrative and management services to be provided by the Company to the FPE, and Share Transfer Agreement (“STA”) with the physician-owners of the FPEs, which provides for the transition of ownership interest of the FPEs under certain conditions. The Company has the right to receive income as an ongoing management fee, which effectively absorbs all of the residual interests, and can also provide financial support through loans to the FPEs. The Company has exclusive responsibility for the provision of all nonmedical services including technology and intellectual property required for the day-to-day operation and management of each of the FPEs. In addition, the STA provides that the Company has the right to designate a person(s) to purchase the equity interest of the FPE for a nominal amount in the event of a succession event at the Company’s discretion. Based on the provisions of these agreements, the Company determined that the FPEs are VIEs due to their equity holder having insufficient capital at risk, and the Company has a variable interest in the FPEs. The contractual arrangements described above allow the Company to direct the activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the FPEs. Accordingly, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the FPEs and consolidates the FPEs under the VIE model. Furthermore, as a direct result of nominal initial equity contributions by the physicians, the financial support the Company can provide to the FPEs (e.g., loans) and the provisions of the contractual arrangements and nominee shareholder succession arrangements described above, the interests held by noncontrolling interest holders lack economic substance and do not provide them with the ability to participate in the residual profits or losses generated by the FPEs. Therefore, all income and expenses recognized by the FPEs are consolidated by the Company. The Company does not hold interests in any VIEs for which the Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Translation of Foreign Currencies For all foreign operations, the functional currency is the local currency. Assets and liabilities of these operations are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect at the end of each reporting period. Income statement accounts are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during each reporting period. Translation adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Foreign currency gains and losses arising from the translation of intercompany receivables and intercompany payables with the Company’s international subsidiaries are recorded as a component of other expense, net, unless the receivable or payable is considered long-term in nature, in which case the foreign currency gains and losses are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents are defined as highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Cash balances may, at times, exceed insurable amounts. The Company believes it mitigates this risk by investing in or through major financial institutions. Cash includes balances due from third-party credit card companies. Receivables Receivables include amounts that are billed and currently due from customers. The amounts due are stated at their net estimated realizable value. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses to provide for the estimated amount of receivables that will not be collected, including balances from customers under recur bill commitment plans. The assessment of the likelihood of customer defaults is based on various factors, including length of time the receivables are past due and historical experience, all of which are subject to change. The Company’s credit write offs were $15,080 and $1,241 for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2024 and December 30, 2023, respectively. Inventories Inventories, which consist of finished goods, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a first-in, first-out basis, net of reserves for obsolescence and shrinkage. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost. For financial reporting purposes, equipment is depreciated on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets (3 to 10 years). Leasehold improvements are amortized on the straight-line method over the shorter of the term of the lease o r the useful life of the related assets. Expenditures for new facilities and improvements that substantially extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized. Ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related depreciation are removed from the accounts and any related gains or losses are included in income. Leases A lease is defined as an arrangement that contractually specifies the right to use and control an identified asset for a specific period of time in exchange for consideration. Operating leases are included in operating lease assets, portion of operating lease liabilities due within one year, and long-term operating lease liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in property and equipment, net, other accrued liabilities, and other long-term liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term, using the Company’s incremental borrowing rate commensurate with the lease term, since the Company’s lessors do not provide an implicit rate, nor is one readily available. The incremental borrowing rate is calculated based on the Company’s credit yield curve and adjusted for collateralization, credit quality and economic environment impact, all where applicable. The lease asset includes scheduled lease payments and excludes lease incentives, such as free rent periods and tenant improvement allowances. The Company has certain leases that may include an option to renew and when it is reasonably probable to exercise such option, the Company will include the renewal option terms in determining the lease asset and lease liability. The Company does not have any renewal options that would have a material impact on the terms of the leases and that are also reasonably expected to be exercised as of December 28, 2024. A lease may contain both fixed and variable payments. Variable lease payments that are linked to an index or rate are measured based on the current index or rate at the implementation of the lease accounting standard, or lease commencement date for new leases, with the impact of future changes in the index or rate being recorded as a period expense. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components and has elected not to separate non-lease components from lease components and instead to account for each separate lease component and non-lease component as a single lease component. The Company has elected the short-term lease exception accounting policy, whereby the recognition requirements of the updated guidance is not applied and lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis with respect to leases with an initial term of 12 months or less. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews long-lived assets, including amortizable intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be fully recoverable. In fiscal 2024, fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, the Company recorded impairment charg es of $142, $900 and $714, respectively, related to internal-use computer software and website development costs that were not expected to provide substantive service potential. In fiscal 2024, fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $339, $212 and $61, respectively, related to property and equipment that were expected to be disposed of before the end of their estimated useful lives. In fiscal 2022, the Company recorded lease asset impairment charges of $2,680 in the aggregate. See No te 4 for further information on the Company’s leases. Franchise Rights Acquired Finite-lived franchise rights acquired are amortized over the remaining contractual period, which is generally less than one year. Indefinite-lived franchise rights acquired are tested for potential impairment on at least an annual basis or more often if events so require. In performing the impairment analysis for indefinite-lived franchise rights acquired, the fair value for franchise rights acquired is estimated using a discounted cash flow approach referred to as the hypothetical start-up approach for franchise rights related to the Company’s Workshops + Digital business and a relief from royalty methodology for franchise rights related to the Company’s Digital business. The aggregate estimated fair value for these franchise rights is then compared to the carrying value of the unit of account for these rights. The Company has determined the appropriate unit of account for purposes of assessing impairment to be the combination of the rights in both the Workshops + Digital business and the Digital business in the country in which the applicable acquisition occurred. The net book value of franchise rights acquired for the United States unit of account as of the December 28, 2024 balance sheet date was $68,627, which represented 100.0% of total franchise rights acquired as of December 28, 2024. The net book values of franchise rights acquired for the United States, Australia, United Kingdom and New Zealand units of account as of the December 30, 2023 balance sheet date were $374,353, $4,232, $2,806 and $2,420, respectively, which represented 97.6%, 1.1%, 0.7% and 0.6%, respectively, of total franchise rights acquired as of December 30, 2023. In its hypothetical start-up approa ch analyses for fiscal 2024, the Company assumed that the year of maturity was reached after 7 years. Subsequent to the year of maturity, the Company estimated future cash flows for the Workshops + Digital business in each country based on assumptions regarding revenue growth and operating income margins. In the Company’s relief from royalty approach analyses for fiscal 2024, the cash flows associated with the Digital business in each country were based on the expected Digital re venue for such country and the application of a royalty rate based on current market terms. The cash flows for the Workshops + Digital and the Digital businesses were discounted utilizing rates which were calculated using the weighted average cost of capital, which included the cost of equity and the cost of debt. Goodwill In performing the impairment analysis for goodwill, the fair value for the Company’s reporting units is estimated using a discounted cash flow approach. This approach involves projecting future cash flows attributable to the reporting unit and discounting those estimated cash flows using an appropriate discount rate. The estimated fair value is then compared to the carrying value of the reporting unit. The Company has determined the appropriate reporting units for purposes of assessing goodwill impairment to be the Behavioral and Clinical business lines. See Note 7 for further information on the Company’s change in goodwill reporting units. The net book values of goodwill for the Behavioral and Clinical reporting units as of the December 28, 2024 balance sheet date were $149,841 and $89,742, respectively, which represented 62.5% and 37.5%, respectively, of total goodwill as of December 28, 2024. In performing the impairment analysis for goodwill, for all of the Company’s reporting units, the Company estimated future cash flows by utilizing the historical debt-free cash flows (cash flows provided by operations less capital expenditures) attributable to each of the Behavioral and Clinical reporting units and then applied expected future operating income growth rates for the respective reporting unit. The Company utilized operating income as the basis for measuring its potential growth because it believes it is the best indicator of the performance of its business. The Company then discounted the estimated future cash flows utilizing a discount rate which was calculated using the weighted average cost of capital, which included the cost of equity and the cost of debt. Indefinite-Lived Franchise Rights Acquired and Goodwill Impairment Tests The Company reviews indefinite-lived franchise rights acquired and goodwill for potential impairment on at least an annual basis or more often if events so require. The Company performed its annual fair value impairment testing as of May 5, 2024 and May 7, 2023, each the first day of fiscal May, on its indefinite-lived franchise rights acquired and goodwill. In addition, based on triggering events, the Company performed interim impairment tests as of March 30, 2024 and September 28, 2024 on its indefinite-lived franchise rights acquired and goodwill for the first and third quarters of fiscal 2024, respectively. See Note 7 for further information regarding the results of the franchise rights acquired and goodwill annual impairment tests, and the franchise rights acquired and goodwill interim impairment tests for the first and third quarters of fiscal 2024. Other Intangible Assets Other finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives o f 3 to 20 years. The Company expenses all software costs incurred during the preliminary project stage and capitalizes all internal and external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing software once the development has reached the application development stage. Application development stage costs generally include software configuration, coding, installation to hardware and testing. These costs are amortized over their estimated useful lives of 3 to 5 years for software and website development costs. All costs incurred for upgrades, maintenance and enhancements, including the cost of website content, which do not result in additional functionality, are expensed as incurred. Revenue Recognition Revenues are recognized when control of the promised services or goods is transferred to the Company’s customers in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods. The Company earns revenue from subscriptions for its Digital and Clinical products and by conducting workshops, for which it charges a fee, predominantly through commitment plans, as well as prepayment plans. The Company also earns revenue by collecting royalties related to licensing agreements, collecting royalties from franchisees, and publishing. Prior to fiscal 2024, the Company also earned revenue by selling consumer products. Commitment plan revenues and prepaid workshop fees are recorded to revenue on a straight-line basis as control is transferred since these performance obligations are satisfied over time. “Digital Subscription Revenues,” consisting of the fees associated with subscriptions for the Company’s Digital offerings, are recognized on a straight-line basis as control is transferred since these performance obligations are satisfied over time. One-time Digital sign-up fees are considered immaterial in the context of the contract and the related revenue is amortized into revenue over the commitment period. “Workshops + Digital Subscription Revenues”, consisting of the fees associated with subscriptions for the Company’s Workshops + Digital offerings, are recognized on a straight-line basis as control is transferred since these performance obligations are satisfied over time. In the Workshops + Digital business, the Company generally charges non-refundable registration and starter fees in exchange for access to the Company’s digital subscription products, an introductory information session and materials it provides to new members. Revenue from these registration and starter fees is considered immaterial in the context of the contract and is amortized into revenue over the commitment period. “Clinical Subscription Revenues” consist of revenues earned from initial consultations that are conducted to determine if a prospective member is eligible to be a Clinical subscriber and from fees associated with subscriptions for the Company’s Clinical offerings, predominantly through monthly commitment plans and prepayment plans. One-time initial consultation fees are recorded as revenue at the point in time control is transferred, which is when the initial consultation takes place. Commitment plan revenues and prepaid subscription fees are recognized on a straight-line basis as control is transferred since these performance obligations are satisfied over time. Revenue from royalties is recognized at the point in time control is transferred, which is when royalties are earned. Revenue from consumer product sales was recognized at the point in time control was transferred, which was when products were shipped to customers and partners and title and risk of loss passed to them. For revenue transactions that involve multiple performance obligations, the amount of revenue recognized is determined using the relative fair value approach, which is generally based on each performance obligation’s stand-alone selling price. Discounts to customers, including free registration offers, are recorded as a deduction from gross revenue in the period such revenue was recognized. The Company grants refunds in aggregate amounts that historically have not been material. Because the period of payment of the refund generally approximates the period revenue was originally recognized, refunds are recorded as a reduction of revenue over the same period. The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. The Company expenses sales commissions when incurred (amortization period would have been one year or less) and these expenses are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses. The Company treats shipping and handling fees as fulfillment costs and not as a separate performance obligation, and as a result, any fees received from customers are included in the transaction price allocated to the performance obligation of providing goods with a corresponding amount accrued within cost of product sales and other for amounts paid to applicable carriers. Sales tax, value-added tax and other taxes the Company collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Advertising Costs Advertising costs consist primarily of broadcast and digital media. All costs related to advertising are expensed in the period incurred, except for media production-related costs, which are expensed the first time the advertising takes place. Total advertising expenses for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2024, December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were $234,316, $235,227 and $238,978, respectively. Income Taxes Deferred income tax assets and liabilities result primarily from temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which differences are expected to reverse. If it is more-likely-than-not that some portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recognized. The Company considers historic levels of income, estimates of future taxable income and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a tax valuation allowance. The Company recognizes a benefit for uncertain tax positions when a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of the provision for income taxes on its consolidated statements of operations. In addition, assets and liabilities acquired in purchase business combinations are assigned their fair values and deferred taxes are provided for lower or higher tax bases. Derivative Instruments and Hedging The Company is exposed to certain risks related to its ongoing business operations, primarily interest rate risk and foreign currency risk. Interest rate swaps were historically entered into to hedge a portion of the cash flow exposure associated with the Company’s variable-rate borrowings. At December 28, 2024, the Company did not have any interest rate swaps in effect. The Company does not use any derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The Company recognized the fair value of all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet. The Company designated and accounted for interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges of its variable-rate borrowings. For derivative instruments that were designated and qualified as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative was reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified into earnings in the periods during which the hedged transactions affected earnings. Gains and losses on the derivative representing either hedge ineffectiveness or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness were recognized in current earnings. The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swaps was reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss on its balance sheet. See Note 18 for a further discussion regarding the fair value of the Company’s interest rate swaps. The net effect of the interest payable and receivable under the Company’s effective interest rate swap was included in interest expense on its consolidated statements of operations. Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs consist of fees paid by the Company as part of the establishment, exchange and/or modification of the Company’s long-term debt. Amortization expense for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2024, December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $5,018, $5,018 and $5,018, respectively.

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