Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets were as follows:


		December 31,
		2021						2020
	Useful Life (Years)	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount			Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Impairment		Net Carrying Amount
Customer relationships	5-18	$	112,109	$	(80,319)	$	31,790		$	116,101	$	(75,649)	(2,206)		$	38,246
Software/Technology	3-15	52,265		(26,415)		25,850			77,326		(23,519)		(25,874)		27,933
Covenants not to compete	2-5	12,623		(12,390)		233			12,833		(12,162)		(212)		459
Other	2-12	10,574		(9,066)		1,508			11,120		(8,614)		(502)		2,004
Total		$	187,571	$	(128,190)	$	59,381		$	217,380	$	(119,944)	$	(28,794)	$	68,642

As described in Note 8- Goodwill, during the first quarter of 2020, there were negative market indicators that were determined to be triggering events indicating a potential impairment of certain long-lived assets within asset groups in the Services, International, and Products and Systems segments, as well as Corporate. The asset groups are groupings of assets and liabilities determined at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities. Recoverability testing indicated that certain intangible assets and right of use assets (See Note 17-Leases) were potentially impaired. For asset groups that required an impairment measurement, similar to the valuations performed to determine the goodwill impairment, the Company used income and market approaches to estimate the fair value of the long-lived assets, which requires significant judgment in evaluation of the useful lives of the assets, economic and industry trends, estimated future cash flows, discount rates, and other factors. The result of the analysis was an aggregate impairment charge of $28.8 million, which consisted of $25.9 million to software/technology, $2.2 million to customer relationships, $0.5 million to other intangibles and $0.2 million to covenants not to compete, all of which are in the Services reporting unit within the Services segment and are included in Impairment charges on the consolidated statements of income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, was approximately $9.7 million, $11.0 million, and $14.3 million, respectively, including amortization of software/technology for these periods of $3.0 million, $3.6 million, and $5.6 million, respectively.

Amortization expense in each of the five years and thereafter subsequent to December 31, 2021 related to the Company’s intangible assets is expected to be as follows:


	Expected Amortization Expense
2022	$	9,626
2023	8,786
2024	7,645
2025	5,627
2026	6,189
Thereafter	21,508
Total	$	59,381