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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

12. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Corporation measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FASB Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” establishes a framework for measuring fair value that includes a hierarchy used to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used in determining valuations into three levels. The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 – Fair value is based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible to the Corporation for identical assets or liabilities. These generally provide the most reliable evidence and are used to measure fair value whenever available.

Level 2 – Fair value is based on significant inputs, other than Level 1 inputs, that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability through corroboration with observable market data. Level 2 inputs include quoted market prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted market prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities and other observable inputs.

Level 3 – Fair value is based on significant unobservable inputs. Examples of valuation methodologies that would result in Level 3 classification include option pricing models, discounted cash flows and other similar techniques.

The Corporation monitors and evaluates available data relating to fair value measurements on an ongoing basis and recognizes transfers among the levels of the fair value hierarchy as of the date of an event or change in circumstances that affects the valuation method chosen. Examples of such changes may include the market for a particular asset or liability becoming active or inactive, changes in the availability of quoted prices, or changes in the availability of other market data.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, assets and liabilities measured at fair value and the valuation methods used are as follows:


		March 31, 2024
		Quoted Prices			Other Observable			Unobservable
		in Active Markets			Inputs			Inputs			Total
(In Thousands)		(Level 1)			(Level 2)			(Level 3)			Fair Value
Recurring fair value measurements, assets:
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE DEBT SECURITIES:
Obligations of the U.S. Treasury		$	10,231		$	0		$	0		$	10,231
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies			0			9,376			0			9,376
Bank holding company debt securities			0			23,469			0			23,469
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt			0			102,826			0			102,826
Taxable			0			49,255			0			49,255
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored agencies:
Residential pass-through securities			0			91,116			0			91,116
Residential collateralized mortgage obligations			0			44,501			0			44,501
Commercial mortgage-backed securities			0			66,121			0			66,121
Private label commercial mortgage-backed securities			0			8,199			0			8,199
Total available-for-sale debt securities			10,231			394,863			0			405,094
Marketable equity security			862			0			0			862
Servicing rights			0			0			2,731			2,731
RPA Out			0			5			0			5
Interest rate swap agreements, assets			0			3,222			0			3,222
Total recurring fair value measurements, assets		$	11,093		$	398,090		$	2,731		$	411,914

Recurring fair value measurements, liabilities:
RPA In		$	0		$	5		$	0		$	5
Interest rate swap agreements, liabilities			0			3,222			0			3,222
Total recurring fair value measurements, liabilities		$	0		$	3,227		$	0		$	3,227

Nonrecurring fair value measurements, assets:
Loans individually evaluated for credit loss, net		$	0		$	0		$	8,659		$	8,659
Foreclosed assets held for sale			0			0			456			456
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements, assets		$	0		$	0		$	9,115		$	9,115


		December 31, 2023
		Quoted Prices			Other Observable			Unobservable
		in Active Markets			Inputs			Inputs			Total
(In Thousands)		(Level 1)			(Level 2)			(Level 3)			Fair Value
Recurring fair value measurements, assets:
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE DEBT SECURITIES:
Obligations of the U.S. Treasury		$	11,290		$	0		$	0		$	11,290
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies			0			9,946			0			9,946
Bank holding company debt securities			0			23,500			0			23,500
Obligations of states and political subdivisions:
Tax-exempt			0			104,199			0			104,199
Taxable			0			50,111			0			50,111
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or sponsored agencies:
Residential pass-through securities			0			95,405			0			95,405
Residential collateralized mortgage obligations			0			46,462			0			46,462
Commercial mortgage-backed securities			0			66,682			0			66,682
Private label commercial mortgage-backed securities			0			8,160			0			8,160
Total available-for-sale debt securities			11,290			404,465			0			415,755
Marketable equity security			871			0			0			871
Servicing rights			0			0			2,659			2,659
RPA Out			0			11			0			11
Interest rate swap agreements, assets			0			2,783			0			2,783
Total recurring fair value measurements, assets		$	12,161		$	407,259		$	2,659		$	422,079

Recurring fair value measurements, liabilities,
RPA In		$	0		$	13		$	0		$	13
Interest rate swap agreements, liabilities			0			2,783			0			2,783
Total recurring fair value measurements, liabilities		$	0		$	2,796		$	0		$	2,796

Nonrecurring fair value measurements, assets:
Impaired loans, net		$	0		$	0		$	7,043		$	7,043
Foreclosed assets held for sale			0			0			478			478
Total nonrecurring fair value measurements, assets		$	0		$	0		$	7,521		$	7,521

Management’s evaluation and selection of valuation techniques and the unobservable inputs used in determining the fair values of assets valued using Level 3 methodologies include sensitive assumptions. Other market participants might use substantially different assumptions, which could result in calculations of fair values that would be substantially different than the amount calculated by management.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, quantitative information regarding valuation techniques and the significant unobservable inputs used for assets measured on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs (Level 3 methodologies) are as follows:


		Fair Value at
		3/31/2024			Valuation		Unobservable					Method or Value As of
Asset		(In Thousands)			Technique		Input(s)					3/31/2024
Servicing rights		$	2,731		Discounted cash flow		Discount rate			13.00	%	Rate used through modeling period
							Loan prepayment speeds			113.00	%	Weighted-average PSA
							Servicing fees			0.25	%	of loan balances
										4.00	%	of payments are late
										5.00	%	late fees assessed
									$	1.94		Miscellaneous fees per account per month
							Servicing costs		$	6.00		Monthly servicing cost per account
									$	24.00		Additional monthly servicing cost per loan on loans more than 30 days delinquent
										1.50	%	of loans more than 30 days delinquent
										3.00	%	annual increase in servicing costs


		Fair Value at
		12/31/2023			Valuation		Unobservable					Method or Value As of
Asset		(In Thousands)			Technique		Input(s)					12/31/2023
Servicing rights		$	2,659		Discounted cash flow		Discount rate			13.00	%	Rate used through modeling period
							Loan prepayment speeds			131.00	%	Weighted-average PSA
							Servicing fees			0.25	%	of loan balances
										4.00	%	of payments are late
										5.00	%	late fees assessed
									$	1.94		Miscellaneous fees per account per month
							Servicing costs		$	6.00		Monthly servicing cost per account
									$	24.00		Additional monthly servicing cost per loan on loans more than 30 days delinquent
										1.50	%	of loans more than 30 days delinquent
										3.00	%	annual increase in servicing costs

The fair value of servicing rights is affected by expected future interest rates. Increases (decreases) in future expected interest rates tend to increase (decrease) the fair value of the Corporation’s servicing rights because of changes in expected prepayment behavior by the borrowers on the underlying loans. Unrealized gains (losses) in fair value of servicing rights are included in Loan servicing fees, net, in the unaudited consolidated statements of income.

Following is a reconciliation of activity for Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


(In Thousands)		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2024			March 31, 2023
Servicing rights balance, beginning of period		$	2,659		$	2,653
Originations of servicing rights			47			15
Unrealized gain (loss) included in earnings			25			(83)
Servicing rights balance, end of period		$	2,731		$	2,585

Loans are individually evaluated for credit loss when they do not share similar risk characteristics as similar loans within its loan pool. Foreclosed assets held for sale consist of real estate acquired by foreclosure. For individually evaluated loans secured by real estate and foreclosed assets held for sale, estimated fair values are determined primarily using values from third-party appraisals. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, quantitative information regarding valuation techniques and the significant unobservable inputs used for nonrecurring fair value measurements using Level 3 methodologies are as follows:


(Dollars In Thousands)															Range (Weighted
					Valuation										Average)
		Balance at			Allowance at			Fair Value at			Valuation		Unobservable		Discount at
Asset		3/31/2024			3/31/2024			3/31/2024			Technique		Inputs		3/31/2024

Loans individually evaluated for credit loss:
Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied		$	7,293		$	623		$	6,670		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		22%-30% (25)	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied			284			244			40		Sales comparison & SBA guaranty		Discount to appraised value		99% (99)	%
All other commercial loans			2,485			536			1,949		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		0%-82% (16)	%
Total loans individually evaluated for credit loss		$	10,062		$	1,403		$	8,659
Foreclosed assets held for sale - real estate:
Residential (1-4 family)		$	25		$	0		$	25		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		62% (62)	%
Commercial real estate			431			0			431		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		18%-77% (45)	%
Total foreclosed assets held for sale		$	456		$	0		$	456


(Dollars In Thousands)															Range (Weighted
					Valuation										Average)
		Balance at			Allowance at			Fair Value at			Valuation		Unobservable		Discount at
Asset		12/31/2023			12/31/2023			12/31/2023			Technique		Inputs		12/31/2023

Loans individually evaluated for credit loss:
Commercial real estate - nonowner occupied		$	7,301		$	648		$	6,653		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		22%-30% (25)	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied			294			5			289		Sales comparison & SBA guaranty		Discount to appraised value		93% (93)	%
All other commercial loans			191			90			101		Liquidation & SBA guaranty		Discount to appraised value		0%-76% (17)	%
Total loans individually evaluated for credit loss		$	7,786		$	743		$	7,043
Foreclosed assets held for sale - real estate:
Residential (1-4 family)		$	47		$	0		$	47		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		20%-62% (50)	%
Commercial real estate			431			0			431		Sales comparison		Discount to appraised value		18%-50% (45)	%
Total foreclosed assets held for sale		$	478		$	0		$	478

Certain of the Corporation’s financial instruments are not measured at fair value in the consolidated financial statements. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements. Therefore, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not represent the underlying fair value of the Corporation.

The estimated fair values, and related carrying amounts, of the Corporation’s financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value are as follows:


(In Thousands)		Fair Value		March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
		Hierarchy		Carrying			Fair			Carrying			Fair
		Level		Amount			Value			Amount			Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		Level 1		$	42,348		$	42,348		$	52,778		$	52,778
Certificates of deposit		Level 2			4,100			3,896			4,100			3,859
Restricted equity securities (included in other assets)		Level 2			22,782			22,782			21,716			21,716
Loans, net		Level 3			1,852,426			1,766,292			1,828,931			1,750,336
Accrued interest receivable		Level 2			9,465			9,465			9,140			9,140

Financial liabilities:
Deposits with no stated maturity		Level 2			1,563,605			1,563,605			1,590,357			1,590,357
Time deposits		Level 2			432,298			430,309			424,449			423,643
Short-term borrowings		Level 2			48,831			48,831			33,874			33,874
Long-term borrowings		Level 2			148,824			148,009			138,337			137,775
Senior debt		Level 2			14,848			13,455			14,831			12,706
Subordinated debt		Level 2			24,745			22,373			24,717			22,750
Accrued interest payable		Level 2			2,124			2,124			1,525			1,525

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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