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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number: 000-12436
COLONY BANKCORP, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Georgia | 58-1492391
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

115 South Grant Street, Fitzgerald, Georgia 31750
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(229) 426-6000
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, Par Value $1.00 per share | CBAN | The NASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerate Filer ☐ Accelerated Filer ☒ Non-accelerated Filer ☐
Smaller Reporting Company ☒ Emerging Growth Company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with the new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of November 9, 2020, the registrant had 9,498,783 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

| Page
PART I – Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets –Septem ber 30, 2020 (unaudited) and December 31, 2019 (audited) | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Income – For the Three and Nine Months Ended Se ptember 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited) | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited) | 5
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity – For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited) | 6
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 (unaudited) | 8
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) | 10
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 43
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 64
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 64
PART II – Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 65
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 65
Item 2. | Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 65
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 65
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 65
Item 5. | Other Information | 65
Item 6. | Exhibits | 65
Signatures | 66

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Balance Sheets

| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
(in thousands, except per share data) | (Unaudited) |  | (Audited)
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash and due from banks | $ | 14,226 |  | $ | 15,570
Interest-bearing deposits in banks | 134,613 |  |  | 88,522 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 148,839 |  |  | 104,092
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value | 363,601 |  |  | 347,332 |
Other investments, at cost | 3,296 |  |  | 4,288 |
Loans held for sale | 55,864 |  |  | 10,076 |
Loans | 1,101,606 |  |  | 968,814 |
Allowance for loan losses | (11,020) |  |  | (6,863) |
Loans, net | 1,090,586 |  |  | 961,951 |
Premises and equipment | 31,961 |  |  | 32,482 |
Other real estate | 1,875 |  |  | 1,320 |
Goodwill | 15,992 |  |  | 16,477 |
Other intangible assets | 2,626 |  |  | 3,056 |
Bank-owned life insurance | 31,339 |  |  | 21,629 |
Other assets | 13,467 |  |  | 12,610 |
Total assets | $ | 1,759,446 |  |  | $ | 1,515,313 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |
Liabilities: |  |  |
Deposits |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing | $ | 324,135 |  |  | $ | 232,635 |
Interest-bearing | 1,092,265 |  |  | 1,061,107 |
Total deposits | 1,416,400 |  |  | 1,293,742 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 22,500 |  |  | 47,000 |
Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility | 134,500 |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | 38,042 |  |  | 38,792 |
Other liabilities | 7,658 |  |  | 5,273 |
Total liabilities | 1,619,100 |  |  | 1,384,807 |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, no par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, par value $1.00 per share; 20,000,000 shares authorized, 9,498,783 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively | 9,499 |  |  | 9,499 |
Paid in capital | 43,207 |  |  | 43,667 |
Retained earnings | 81,044 |  |  | 76,978 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax | 6,596 |  |  | 362 |
Total stockholders' equity | 140,346 |  |  | 130,506 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 1,759,446 |  |  | $ | 1,515,313 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
3

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019 |  | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Interest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, including fees | 13,743 |  |  | 13,654 |  |  | 40,733 |  |  | 36,437 |
Investment securities | 1,747 |  |  | 2,338 |  |  | 5,536 |  |  | 7,078 |
Deposits with other banks and short term investments | 52 |  |  | 206 |  |  | 384 |  |  | 810 |
Total interest income | 15,542 |  |  | 16,198 |  |  | 46,653 |  |  | 44,325 |
Interest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 1,144 |  |  | 2,815 |  |  | 4,766 |  |  | 7,569 |
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances | 159 |  |  | 269 |  |  | 626 |  |  | 775 |
Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility | 118 |  |  | — |  |  | 205 |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | 273 |  |  | 458 |  |  | 962 |  |  | 1,127 |
Total interest expense | 1,694 |  |  | 3,542 |  |  | 6,559 |  |  | 9,471 |
Net interest income | 13,848 |  |  | 12,656 |  |  | 40,094 |  |  | 34,854 |
Provision for loan losses | 1,106 |  |  | 214 |  |  | 5,262 |  |  | 524 |
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 12,742 |  |  | 12,442 |  |  | 34,832 |  |  | 34,330 |
Noninterest income |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges on deposits | 1,316 |  |  | 1,546 |  |  | 3,906 |  |  | 3,997 |
Mortgage fee income | 2,616 |  |  | 1,255 |  |  | 5,706 |  |  | 1,942 |
Gain on sale of SBA loans | 748 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,004 |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of securities | 716 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 1,009 |  |  | 99 |
Interchange fees | 1,342 |  |  | 1,001 |  |  | 3,624 |  |  | 2,755 |
BOLI Income | 237 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 405 |
Other | 579 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 1,032 |  |  | 1,152 |
Total noninterest income | 7,554 |  |  | 4,030 |  |  | 16,829 |  |  | 10,350 |
Noninterest expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | 9,104 |  |  | 7,186 |  |  | 24,331 |  |  | 18,848 |
Occupancy and equipment | 1,338 |  |  | 1,290 |  |  | 3,972 |  |  | 3,459 |
Acquisition related expenses | 207 |  |  | 861 |  |  | 714 |  |  | 2,610 |
Information technology expenses | 1,440 |  |  | 1,196 |  |  | 4,135 |  |  | 3,158 |
Professional fees | 481 |  |  | 558 |  |  | 1,343 |  |  | 1,369 |
Advertising and public relations | 459 |  |  | 677 |  |  | 1,478 |  |  | 1,370 |
Communications | 212 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 631 |  |  | 538 |
Writedown of building | 582 |  |  | — |  |  | 582 |  |  | — |
FHLB prepayment penalty | 925 |  |  | — |  |  | 925 |  |  | — |
Other | 1,565 |  |  | 1,393 |  |  | 4,827 |  |  | 4,046 |
Total noninterest expense | 16,313 |  |  | 13,357 |  |  | 42,938 |  |  | 35,398 |
Income before income taxes | 3,983 |  |  | 3,115 |  |  | 8,723 |  |  | 9,282 |
Income taxes | 884 |  |  | 597 |  |  | 1,807 |  |  | 1,827 |
Net income | $ | 3,099 |  |  | $ | 2,518 |  |  | $ | 6,916 |  |  | $ | 7,455 |
Earnings per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.33 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 0.73 |  |  | $ | 0.83 |
Diluted | 0.33 |  |  | 0.27 |  |  | 0.73 |  |  | 0.83 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 9,498,783 |  |  | 9,494,771 |  |  | 9,498,783 |  |  | 9,008,196 |
Diluted | 9,498,783 |  |  | 9,494,771 |  |  | 9,498,783 |  |  | 9,008,196 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
4

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
(in thousands) | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019 |  | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Net income | $ | 3,099 |  |  | $ | 2,518 |  |  | $ | 6,916 |  |  | $ | 7,455 |
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unrealized gains on securities arising during the period | 203 |  |  | 1,715 |  |  | 8,900 |  |  | 12,439 |
Tax effect | (43) |  |  | (360) |  |  | (1,869) |  |  | (2,612) |
Realized (gains) on sale of available for sale securities | (716) |  |  | (34) |  |  | (1,009) |  |  | (99) |
Tax effect | 151 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 212 |  |  | 21 |
Change in unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effects | (405) |  |  | 1,328 |  |  | 6,234 |  |  | 9,749 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 2,694 |  |  | $ | 3,846 |  |  | $ | 13,150 |  |  | $ | 17,204 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
5

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data) | Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Three Months Ended | Shares |  | Amount |  | Paid-In Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Total
Balance, June 30, 2020 | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,199 |  |  | $ | 78,895 |  |  | $ | 7,001 |  |  | $ | 138,594 |
Change in net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effects | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (405) |  |  | (405) |
Dividends on common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (950) |  |  | — |  |  | (950) |
Stock-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,099 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,099 |
Balance, September 30, 2020 | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,207 |  |  | $ | 81,044 |  |  | $ | 6,596 |  |  | $ | 140,346 |
Balance, June 30, 2019 | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,650 |  |  | $ | 73,129 |  |  | $ | 231 |  |  | $ | 126,509 |
Change in net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effects | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,328 |  |  | 1,328 |
Dividends on common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (712) |  |  | — |  |  | (712) |
Stock-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,518 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,518 |
Balance, September 30, 2019 | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,658 |  |  | $ | 74,935 |  |  | $ | 1,559 |  |  | $ | 129,651 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
6

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data) | Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nine Months Ended | Shares |  | Amount |  | Paid-In Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Total
Balance, December 31, 2019 | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,667 |  |  | $ | 76,978 |  |  | $ | 362 |  |  | $ | 130,506 |
Change in net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effects | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,234 |  |  | 6,234 |
Dividends on common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,850) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,850) |
Goodwill adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | (485) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (485) |
Stock-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,916 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,916 |
Balance, September 30, 2020 | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,207 |  |  | $ | 81,044 |  |  | $ | 6,596 |  |  | $ | 140,346 |
Balance, December 31, 2018 | $ | 8,445 |  |  | $ | 8,445 |  |  | $ | 25,978 |  |  | $ | 69,459 |  |  | $ | (8,190) |  |  | $ | 95,692 |
Change in net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of reclassification adjustment and tax effect | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,749 |  |  | 9,749 |
Dividends on common shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,979) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,979) |
Issuance of common stock | 1,054 |  |  | 1,054 |  |  | 17,655 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,709 |
Stock-based compensation expense | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,455 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,455 |
Balance, September 30, 2019 | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 9,499 |  |  | $ | 43,658 |  |  | $ | 74,935 |  |  | $ | 1,559 |  |  | $ | 129,651 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
7

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

| Nine Months Ended
(in thousands) | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Operating Activities |  |  |
Net income | $ | 6,916 |  |  | $ | 7,455 |
Adjustments reconciling net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Provision for loan losses | 5,262 |  |  | 524 |
Depreciation, amortization, and accretion | 4,007 |  |  | 2,129 |
Share-based compensation expense | 25 |  |  | 25 |
Net increase in servicing asset | (207) |  |  | — |
Gain on sale of securities | (1,009) |  |  | (99) |
Gain on sale of SBA loans | (1,004) |  |  | — |
Loss on sale of other real estate | (56) |  |  | (874) |
Writedown on other real estate | 68 |  |  | 104 |
Loss on sale of premises & equipment | 56 |  |  | 165 |
Writedown of building | 582 |  |  | — |
Originations of loans held for sale | (75,268) |  |  | (42,634) |
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale | 30,484 |  |  | 33,900 |
Change in bank-owned life insurance | 290 |  |  | 535 |
Change in other assets | (1,715) |  |  | (415) |
Change in other liabilities | 2,385 |  |  | 1,193 |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (29,184) |  |  | 2,008 |
Investing Activities |  |  |
Purchases of investment securities available for sale | (124,864) |  |  | (105,476) |
Proceeds from maturities, calls, and paydowns of investment securities available for sale | 71,564 |  |  | 50,804 |
Proceeds from sale of investment securities available for sale | 44,495 |  |  | 99,106 |
Proceeds from sale of investment securities held to maturity | — |  |  | 1,766 |
Net loans | (135,801) |  |  | (47,221) |
Purchase of premises and equipment | (2,796) |  |  | (3,254) |
Proceeds from sale of other real estate | 1,139 |  |  | 2,489 |
Purchase of bank owned life insurance | (10,000) |  |  | (439) |
Redemption (purchase) of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock | 992 |  |  | (315) |
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment | 144 |  |  | 175 |
Net cash and cash equivalents paid in acquisition | — |  |  | (467) |
Net cash (used in) investing activities | (155,127) |  |  | (2,832) |
Financing Activities |  |  |
Change in noninterest-bearing customer deposits | 91,500 |  |  | (7,614) |
Change in interest-bearing customer deposits | 31,158 |  |  | (15,943) |
Dividends paid for common stock | (2,850) |  |  | (1,979) |
Issuance of Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Fund | 140,700 |  |  | — |
Payment on Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Fund | (6,200) |  |  | — |
Payments on Federal Home Loan Bank Advances | (38,500) |  |  | (8,000) |
Proceeds from Federal Home Loan Bank Advances | 14,000 |  |  | 15,000 |
Payments on Other borrowings | (750) |  |  | (500) |
Proceeds from Other borrowings | — |  |  | 15,313 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 229,058 |  |  | (3,723) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 44,747 |  |  | (4,547) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 104,092 |  |  | 60,156 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 148,839 |  |  | $ | 55,609 |

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
8

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019
(UNAUDITED)
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)

| Nine Months Ended
| September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information |  |  |
Cash paid during the period for interest | $ | 6,230 |  |  | $ | 9,294 |
Cash paid during the period for income taxes | 1,250 |  |  | — |
Goodwill adjustment | 485 |  |  | — |
Acquisition of real estate through foreclosure | 1,706 |  |  | 369 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).
9

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(1) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Presentation
Colony Bankcorp, Inc. (the “Company”) is a bank holding company located in Fitzgerald, Georgia. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Colony Bank, Fitzgerald, Georgia (the “Bank”). The “Company” or “our,” as used herein, includes Colony Bank.
In July 2019, a new subsidiary of the Company was incorporated under the name Colony Risk Management, Inc. Colony Risk Management, Inc. is a subsidiary of the Company and is located in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is a captive insurance subsidiary which insures various liability and property damage policies for the Company and its related subsidiaries. Colony Risk Management is regulated by the State of Nevada Division of Insurance.
All adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for fair presentation of the interim consolidated financial statements, have been included and fairly and accurately present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. All significant intercompany accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to generally accepted accounting principles and practices utilized in the commercial banking industry for interim financial information and Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information or notes required for complete financial statements.
The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020. These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 (“2019 10-K”).
Nature of Operations
The Bank provides a full range of retail, commercial and mortgage banking services for consumers and small- to medium-size businesses located primarily in central, south and coastal Georgia. The Bank is headquartered in Fitzgerald, Georgia with banking and mortgage offices in Albany, Ashburn, Athens, Broxton, Centerville, Columbus, Cordele, Douglas, Eastman, Fitzgerald, LaGrange, Leesburg, Macon, Moultrie, Quitman, Rochelle, Savannah, Soperton, Sylvester, Statesboro, Thomaston, Tifton, Valdosta and Warner Robins. Lending and investing activities are funded primarily by deposits gathered through its retail banking office network.
Use of Estimates
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans and fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including goodwill impairment.
Reclassifications
In certain instances, amounts reported in prior years’ consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to statement presentations selected for 2020. Such reclassifications have not materially affected previously reported stockholders’ equity or net income.
10

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Concentrations of credit risk can exist in relation to individual borrowers or groups of borrowers, certain types of collateral, certain types of industries, or certain geographic regions. The Company has a concentration in real estate loans as well as a geographic concentration that could pose an adverse credit risk. At September 30, 2020, approximately 75% of the Company’s loan portfolio was concentrated in loans secured by real estate. A substantial portion of borrowers’ ability to honor their contractual obligations is dependent upon the viability of the real estate economic sector. Management continues to monitor these concentrations and has considered these concentrations in its allowance for loan loss analysis.
The success of the Company is dependent, to a certain extent, upon the economic conditions in the geographic markets it serves. Adverse changes in the economic conditions in these geographic markets would likely have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. The operating results of the Company depend primarily on its net interest income. Accordingly, operations are subject to risks and uncertainties surrounding the exposure to changes in the interest rate environment.
At times, the Company may have cash and cash equivalents at financial institutions in excess of federal deposit insurance limits. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions whose credit ratings are monitored by management to minimize credit risk.
Changes in Accounting Principles and Effects of New Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326). This ASU sets forth a “current expected credit loss” (CECL) model which requires the Company to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supported forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost and applies to some off-balance sheet credit exposures. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. On October 16, 2019, FASB voted to extend the delay of the effective date of this ASU for smaller reporting companies, such as the Company, until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This update removes several exceptions related to intraperiod tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations and income from other items, foreign subsidiaries becoming equity method investments and vice versa, and calculating income taxes in an interim period when a year-to-date loss exceeds the anticipated loss for the year. The guidance also amends requirements related to franchise tax that is partially based on income, a step up in the tax basis of goodwill, allocation of consolidated tax expense to a legal entity not subject to tax in its separate financial statements, the effects of enacted changes in tax laws and other minor codification improvements regarding employee stock ownership plans and investments in qualified affordable housing projects. For public entities, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company does not expect the new guidance to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-01, "Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)—Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force)". This update clarifies whether an entity should consider observable transactions that require it to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative and how to account for certain forward contracts and purchased options to purchase securities. For public entities, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company does not expect the new guidance to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04 "Reference Reform (Topic 848) Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting" ("ASU 2020-04"). ASU 2020-04 provides optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of ) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments are effective for the Company as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company does not believe this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
11

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Operating, Accounting and Reporting Considerations Related to COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, including the Company’s primary metropolitan markets. In response to this crisis, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was passed by Congress and signed into law on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act provides an estimated $2.2 trillion to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and stimulate the economy by supporting individuals and businesses through loans, grants, tax changes, and other types of relief. Some of the provisions applicable to the Company include, but are not limited to:
•Accounting for Loan Modifications - The CARES Act provides that financial institutions may elect to suspend (1) the requirements under GAAP for certain loan modifications that would otherwise by categorized as a troubled debt restructure (“TDR”) and (2) any determination that such loan modifications would be considered a TDR, including the related impairment for accounting purposes.
•Paycheck Protection Program - The CARES Act established the Paycheck Protection Program “PPP”), an expansion of the Small Business Administration’s 7(a) loan program and the Economic Injury Disaster Loan Program (“EIDL”), administered directly by the SBA.
Also in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“FRB”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the National Credit Union Administration (“NCUA”), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”), and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”), in consultation with the state financial regulators (collectively, the “agencies”) issued a joint interagency statement (issued March 22, 2020; revised statement issued April 7, 2020). Some of the provisions applicable to the Company include, but are not limited to:
•Accounting for Loan Modifications - Loan modifications that do not meet the conditions of the CARES Act may still qualify as a modification that does not need to be accounted for as a TDR. The agencies confirmed with FASB staff that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g., three months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or insignificant delays in payment, as long as such modifications are (1) related to COVID-19; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (a) 60 days after the date of termination of the national emergency declaration or (b) December 31, 2020.
•Past Due Reporting - With regard to loans not otherwise reportable as past due, financial institutions are not expected to designate loans with deferrals granted due to COVID-19 as past due because of the deferral. A loan’s payment date is governed by the due date stipulated in the legal agreement. If a financial institution agrees to a payment deferral, these loans would not be considered past due reporting during the period of the deferral.
•Nonaccrual Status and Charge-offs - During short-term COVID-19 modifications, these loans generally should not be reported as nonaccrual or as classified.
As such, beginning in late March 2020, the Company provided relief programs consisting primarily of 90-day payment deferral relief of principal and interest to borrowers negatively impacted by COVID-19 and has accounted for these loan modifications in accordance with ASC 310-40. In addition, the Company also provided principal only payment deferral relief to borrowers of which interest income has been recognized during the deferment period on these interest-only loans.
12

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(2) Business Acquisitions
Acquisition of LBC Bancshares, Inc.
On May 1, 2019, the Company completed its acquisition of LBC Bancshares, Inc. (“LBC”), a bank holding company headquartered in LaGrange, Georgia. Upon consummation of the acquisition, LBC was merged with and into the Company, with Colony as the surviving entity in the merger. At that time, LBC’s wholly owned bank subsidiary, Calumet Bank, was also merged with and into the Bank. The acquisition expanded the Company’s market presence, as Calumet Bank had two full-service banking locations, one each in LaGrange, Georgia and Columbus, Georgia, as well as a loan production office in Atlanta, Georgia. Under the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, each LBC shareholder had the option to receive either $23.50 in cash or 1.3239 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange for each share of LBC common stock, subject to customary proration and allocation procedures such that 55% of LBC shares received the stock consideration and 45% received the cash consideration, with at least 50% of the merger consideration paid in the Company's common stock. As a result, the Company issued 1,053,875 common shares at a fair value of $18.2 million and paid $15.3 million in cash to the former shareholders of LBC as merger consideration.
The merger was effected by the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock along with cash consideration to shareholders to LBC. The assets and liabilities of LBC as of the effective date of the merger were recorded at their respective estimated fair values and combined with those of the Company. The excess of the purchase price over the net estimated fair values of the acquired assets and liabilities was allocated to identifiable intangible assets with the remaining excess allocated to goodwill. Goodwill of $15.2 million was recorded as part of the LBC acquisition and is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.
The following table presents the assets acquired and liabilities assumed of LBC as of May 1, 2019, and their fair value estimates. The fair value estimates were subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition for new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. The Company continues its evaluation of the facts and circumstances available as of May 1, 2019, to assign fair values to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which could result in further adjustments to the fair values presented below.
13

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except market price) | Initial Fair Value Adjustments |  | Subsequent Adjustments (1) |  | Final Balance
Purchase price consideration: |  |  |  |  |
Shares of CBAN common stock issued to LBC shareholders as of May 1, 2019 | 1,053,875 |  |  | 1,053,875 |  |  | 1,053,875 |
Market price of CBAN common stock on May 1, 2019 | $ | 17.75 |  |  | $ | (0.46) |  |  | $ | 17.29 |
Estimated fair value of CBAN common stock issued | 18,706 |  |  | (485) |  |  | 18,221 |
Cash consideration paid | 15,315 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,315 |
Total consideration | $ | 34,021 |  |  | $ | (485) |  |  | $ | 33,536 |
Assets acquired at fair value: |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 15,678 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15,678 |
Investments securities available for sale | 49,172 |  |  | — |  |  | 49,172 |
Investments securities held to maturity | 1,766 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,766 |
Restricted investments | 479 |  |  | — |  |  | 479 |
Loans | 130,568 |  |  | — |  |  | 130,568 |
Premises and equipment | 3,009 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,009 |
Core deposit intangible | 3,100 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,100 |
Other real estate | 243 |  |  | — |  |  | 243 |
Prepaid and other assets | 6,143 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,143 |
Total fair value of assets acquired | $ | 210,158 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 210,158 |
Liabilities assumed at fair value: |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | (189,896) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (189,896) |
FHLB advances | (1,000) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,000) |
Payables and other liabilities | (975) |  |  | — |  |  | (975) |
Total fair value of liabilities assumed | $ | (191,871) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (191,871) |
Net assets acquired at fair value: | $ | 18,287 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 18,287 |
Amount of goodwill resulting from acquisition | $ | 15,734 |  |  | $ | (485) |  |  | $ | 15,249 |

(1) Subsequent adjustments were done within the one year period allowed after the acquisition.
In the acquisition, the Company purchased $130.6 million of loans at fair value, net of $2.2 million, or 1.63%, estimated discount to the outstanding principal balance. Of the total loans acquired, management identified $176,000 that were considered to be credit impaired and are accounted for under ASC Topic 310-30. The table below summarizes the total contractually required principal and interest cash payments, management’s estimate of expected total cash payments and fair value of the loans as of the acquisition date for purchased credit impaired loans. Contractually required principal and interest payments have been adjusted for estimated prepayments.

(dollars in thousands) |
Contractually required principal and interest | $ | 695 |
Non-accretable difference | (519) |
Cash Flows expected to be collected | 176 |
Accretable yield | — |
Total purchased credit-impaired loans acquired | $ | 176 |

14

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents the acquired loan data for the LBC acquisition.

(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value of Acquired Loans at Acquisition Date |  | Gross Contractual Amounts Receivable at Acquisition Date |  | Estimate at Acquisition Date of Contractual Cash Flows Not Expected to be Collected
Acquired receivables subject to ASC 310-30 | $ | 176 |  |  | $ | 695 |  |  | $ | 519 |
Acquired receivables not subject to ASC 310-30 | 130,392 |  |  | 132,381 |  |  | — |

Acquisition of PFB Mortgage from Planters First Bank
On May 1, 2019, the Bank completed its acquisition of PFB Mortgage, the secondary market mortgage business of Planters First Bank for a total cash consideration of $833,000.The assets acquired included premises and equipment as well as all pipeline loans. The assets acquired were recorded at their respective estimated fair values as of the effective date of the transaction. The excess of the purchase price over fair value of net assets acquired was allocated to goodwill.
The following table presents the assets acquired as of May 1, 2019, and their fair value estimates. The fair value estimates were subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition for new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date. The Company continues its evaluation of the facts and circumstances available as of May 1, 2019, to assign fair values to assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which could result in further adjustments to the fair values presented below.

(dollars in thousands) |
Purchase price consideration: |
Cash consideration paid | $ | 833 |
Total consideration | $ | 833 |
Assets acquired at fair value: |
Premises and equipment | $ | 78 |
Premium on loan commitments | 209 |
Other assets | 5 |
Total fair value of assets acquired | $ | 292 |
Liabilities assumed at fair value: |
Total fair value of liabilities assumed | $ | — |
Net assets acquired at fair value: | $ | 292 |
Amount of goodwill resulting from acquisition | $ | 541 |

15

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(3) Investment Securities
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available for sale along with gross unrealized gains and losses are summarized as follows:

(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2020 | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
Securities Available for Sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasury securities | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 245 |
State, county & municipal securities | 38,494 |  |  | 571 |  |  | (159) |  |  | 38,906 |
Corporate debt securities | 3,750 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,753 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 312,764 |  |  | 8,418 |  |  | (485) |  |  | 320,697 |
| $ | 355,253 |  |  | $ | 8,992 |  |  | $ | (644) |  |  | $ | 363,601 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities Available for Sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State, county & municipal securities | $ | 5,133 |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | (54) |  |  | $ | 5,115 |
Corporate debt securities | 2,811 |  |  | 11 |  |  | (16) |  |  | 2,806 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 338,930 |  |  | 2,669 |  |  | (2,188) |  |  | 339,411 |
| $ | 346,874 |  |  | $ | 2,716 |  |  | $ | (2,258) |  |  | $ | 347,332 |

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities as of September 30, 2020, by contractual maturity, are shown hereafter. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities for certain investments because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. This is often the case with mortgage-backed securities, which are disclosed separately in the table below.

| Securities Available for Sale
(dollars in thousands) | Amortized Cost |  | Fair Value
Due in one year or less | $ | 892 |  |  | $ | 895 |
Due after one year through five years | 3,939 |  |  | 3,989 |
Due after five years through ten years | 7,336 |  |  | 7,505 |
Due after ten years | 30,322 |  |  | 30,515 |
| $ | 42,489 |  |  | $ | 42,904 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 312,764 |  |  | 320,697 |
| $ | 355,253 |  |  | $ | 363,601 |

16

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Proceeds from the sale of investment securities totaled $44.5 million and $99.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The sale of investment securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 resulted in gross realized gains of $1.2 million and $314,000 and losses of $204,000 and $215,000, respectively.
The sale of investment securities for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 resulted in gross realized gains of $858,000 and $196,000 and losses of $142,000 and $162,000, respectively.
Proceeds from the sale of investment securities held to maturity totaled $1.8 million for the first nine months of 2019, and was sold at par.
Investment securities having a carrying value approximating $102.4 million and $122.3 million were pledged to secure public deposits and for other purposes as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
Information pertaining to securities with gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows:

| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or Greater |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State, county & municipal securities | $ | 14,173 |  |  | $ | (159) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,173 |  |  | $ | (159) |
Mortgage-backed securities | 36,344 |  |  | (177) |  |  | 4,185 |  |  | (308) |  |  | 40,529 |  |  | (485) |
| $ | 50,517 |  |  | $ | (336) |  |  | $ | 4,185 |  |  | $ | (308) |  |  | $ | 54,702 |  |  | $ | (644) |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State, county & municipal securities | $ | 3,257 |  |  | $ | (54) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,257 |  |  | $ | (54) |
Corporate debt securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | 784 |  |  | (16) |  |  | 784 |  |  | (16) |
Mortgage-backed securities | 60,860 |  |  | (277) |  |  | 119,110 |  |  | (1,911) |  |  | 179,970 |  |  | (2,188) |
| $ | 64,117 |  |  | $ | (331) |  |  | $ | 119,894 |  |  | $ | (1,927) |  |  | $ | 184,011 |  |  | $ | (2,258) |

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market concerns warrant such evaluation. Consideration is given to (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and (3) the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the issuer for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.
At September 30, 2020, 28 securities have unrealized losses. These securities are guaranteed by either the U.S. Government, other governments or U.S. corporations. In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred and the results of reviews of the issuer’s financial condition. The unrealized losses are largely due to increases in market interest rates over the yields available at the time the underlying securities were purchased. As management has the ability to hold debt securities until maturity, or for the foreseeable future if classified as available-for-sale, no declines are deemed to be other than temporary.
17

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(4) Loans
The following table presents the composition of loans segregated by legacy and purchased loans and by class of loans, as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Purchased loans are defined as loans that were acquired in bank acquisitions.

| September 30, 2020
(dollars in thousands) | Legacy Loans |  | Purchased Loans |  | Total
Construction, land and land development | $ | 110,162 |  |  | $ | 18,129 |  |  | $ | 128,291 |
Other commercial real estate | 464,100 |  |  | 45,892 |  |  | 509,992 |
Total commercial real estate | 574,262 |  |  | 64,021 |  |  | 638,283 |
Residential real estate | 168,139 |  |  | 16,979 |  |  | 185,118 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 242,351 |  |  | 12,564 |  |  | 254,915 |
Consumer and other | 20,420 |  |  | 2,870 |  |  | 23,290 |
Total Loans | $ | 1,005,172 |  |  | $ | 96,434 |  |  | $ | 1,101,606 |

| December 31, 2019
(dollars in thousands) | Legacy Loans |  | Purchased Loans |  | Total
Construction, land and land development | $ | 83,036 |  |  | $ | 13,061 |  |  | $ | 96,097 |
Other commercial real estate | 481,943 |  |  | 58,296 |  |  | 540,239 |
Total commercial real estate | 564,979 |  |  | 71,357 |  |  | 636,336 |
Residential real estate | 171,341 |  |  | 23,455 |  |  | 194,796 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 91,535 |  |  | 22,825 |  |  | 114,360 |
Consumer and other | 19,245 |  |  | 4,077 |  |  | 23,322 |
Total Loans | $ | 847,100 |  |  | $ | 121,714 |  |  | $ | 968,814 |

Commercial and industrial loans are extended to a diverse group of businesses within the Company’s market area. These loans are often underwritten based on the borrower’s ability to service the debt from income from the business. The change in commercial, financial & agricultural loans was primarily a result of commercial and industrial PPP loan originations during the second quarter of 2020, totaling $137.8 million at September 30, 2020. Real estate construction loans often require loan funds to be advanced prior to completion of the project. Due to uncertainties inherent in estimating construction costs, changes in interest rates and other economic conditions, these loans often pose a higher risk than other types of loans. Consumer loans are originated at the Bank level.
Credit Quality Indicators. As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to (1) the risk grade assigned to commercial and consumer loans, (2) the level of classified commercial loans, (3) net charge-offs, (4) nonperforming loans, and (5) the general economic conditions in the Company’s geographic markets.
The Company uses an eight category risk grading system to assign a risk grade to each loan in the portfolio. The following is a description of the general characteristics of the grades:
•Grades 1 and 2 – Borrowers with these assigned grades range in risk from virtual absence of risk to minimal risk. Such loans may be secured by Company-issued and controlled certificates of deposit or properly margined equity securities or bonds. Other loans comprising these grades are made to companies that have been in existence for a long period of time with many years of consecutive profits and strong equity, good liquidity, excellent debt service ability and unblemished past performance, or to exceptionally strong individuals with collateral of unquestioned value that fully secures the loans. Loans in this category fall into the “pass” classification.
18

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
•Grades 3 and 4 – Loans assigned these “pass” risk grades are made to borrowers with acceptable credit quality and risk. The risk ranges from loans with no significant weaknesses in repayment capacity and collateral protection to acceptable loans with one or more risk factors considered to be more than average.
•Grade 5 – This grade includes “special mention” loans on management’s watch list and is intended to be used on a temporary basis for pass grade loans where risk-modifying action is intended in the short-term.
•Grade 6 – This grade includes “substandard” loans in accordance with regulatory guidelines. This category includes borrowers with well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the payment of the debt in accordance with the agreed terms. Loans considered to be impaired are assigned this grade, and these loans often have assigned loss allocations as part of the allowance for loan and lease losses. Generally, loans on which interest accrual has been stopped would be included in this grade.
•Grades 7 and 8 – These grades correspond to regulatory classification definitions of “doubtful” and “loss,” respectively. In practice, any loan with these grades would be for a very short period of time, of which the Company has no loans with these assigned grades at September 30, 2020. Management manages the Company’s problem loans in such a way that uncollectible loans or uncollectible portions of loans are charged off immediately with any residual, collectible amounts assigned a risk grade of 6.
The following table presents the loan portfolio, excluding purchased loans, by credit quality indicator (risk grade) as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Those loans with a risk grade of 1, 2, 3 or 4 have been combined in the pass column for presentation purposes.

(dollars in thousands) | Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Total Loans
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 99,109 |  |  | $ | 3,930 |  |  | $ | 7,123 |  |  | $ | 110,162 |
Other commercial real estate | 422,661 |  |  | 37,241 |  |  | 4,198 |  |  | 464,100 |
Total commercial real estate | 521,770 |  |  | 41,171 |  |  | 11,321 |  |  | 574,262 |
Residential real estate | 157,809 |  |  | 3,720 |  |  | 6,610 |  |  | 168,139 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 238,613 |  |  | 2,320 |  |  | 1,418 |  |  | 242,351 |
Consumer and other | 20,115 |  |  | 123 |  |  | 182 |  |  | 20,420 |
Total Loans | $ | 938,307 |  |  | $ | 47,334 |  |  | $ | 19,531 |  |  | $ | 1,005,172 |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 82,322 |  |  | $ | 445 |  |  | $ | 269 |  |  | $ | 83,036 |
Other commercial real estate | 459,064 |  |  | 13,438 |  |  | 9,441 |  |  | 481,943 |
Total commercial real estate | 541,386 |  |  | 13,883 |  |  | 9,710 |  |  | 564,979 |
Residential real estate | 159,194 |  |  | 4,632 |  |  | 7,515 |  |  | 171,341 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 86,558 |  |  | 1,973 |  |  | 3,004 |  |  | 91,535 |
Consumer and other | 18,883 |  |  | 148 |  |  | 214 |  |  | 19,245 |
Total Loans | $ | 806,021 |  |  | $ | 20,636 |  |  | $ | 20,443 |  |  | $ | 847,100 |

19

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents the purchased loan portfolio by credit quality indicator (risk grade) as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Those loans with a risk grade of 1, 2, 3 or 4 have been combined in the pass column for presentation purposes. For the period ending September 30, 2020, the Company did not have any loans classified as “doubtful” or a “loss”.

(dollars in thousands) | Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Total Loans
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 16,430 |  |  | $ | 1,620 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 18,129 |
Other commercial real estate | 43,510 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 2,010 |  |  | 45,892 |
Total commercial real estate | 59,940 |  |  | 1,992 |  |  | 2,089 |  |  | 64,021 |
Residential real estate | 16,585 |  |  | 316 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 16,979 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 10,637 |  |  | 1,889 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 12,564 |
Consumer and other | 2,768 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 2,870 |
Total Loans | $ | 89,930 |  |  | $ | 4,216 |  |  | $ | 2,288 |  |  | $ | 96,434 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 12,996 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | 13,061 |
Other commercial real estate | 57,881 |  |  | 381 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 58,296 |
Total commercial real estate | 70,877 |  |  | 381 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 71,357 |
Residential real estate | 23,097 |  |  | 249 |  |  | 109 |  |  | 23,455 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 19,443 |  |  | 2,949 |  |  | 433 |  |  | 22,825 |
Consumer and other | 4,077 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,077 |
Total Loans | $ | 117,494 |  |  | $ | 3,579 |  |  | $ | 641 |  |  | $ | 121,714 |

A loan’s risk grade is assigned at loan origination and is based on the financial strength of the borrower and the type of collateral. Loan risk grades are subject to review at various times throughout the year as part of the Company’s ongoing loan review process. Loans with an assigned risk grade of six or below and an outstanding balance of $250,000 or more are reassessed on a quarterly basis. During this reassessment process individual reserves may be identified and placed against certain loans which are not considered impaired.
In assessing the overall economic condition of the markets in which it operates, the Company monitors the unemployment rates for its major service areas. The unemployment rates are reviewed on a quarterly basis as part of the allowance for loan loss determination.
Loans are placed on nonaccrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due or when, in management’s opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payment obligations as they become due, as well as when required by regulatory guidelines. Loans may be placed on nonaccrual status regardless of whether or not such loans are considered past due.
20

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in legacy loans by aging category and accrual status as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

(dollars in thousands) | 30-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Total Accruing Loans Past Due |  | Nonaccrual Loans |  | Current Loans |  | Total Loans
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 90 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 110,072 |  |  | $ | 110,162 |
Other commercial real estate | 206 |  |  | — |  |  | 206 |  |  | 2,586 |  |  | 461,308 |  |  | 464,100 |
Total commercial real estate | 296 |  |  | — |  |  | 296 |  |  | 2,586 |  |  | 571,380 |  |  | 574,262 |
Residential real estate | 1,390 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,390 |  |  | 3,532 |  |  | 163,217 |  |  | 168,139 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 193 |  |  | — |  |  | 193 |  |  | 1,451 |  |  | 240,707 |  |  | 242,351 |
Consumer and other | 49 |  |  | — |  |  | 49 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 20,269 |  |  | 20,420 |
Total Loans | $ | 1,928 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,928 |  |  | $ | 7,671 |  |  | $ | 995,573 |  |  | $ | 1,005,172 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 82,954 |  |  | $ | 83,036 |
Other commercial real estate | 335 |  |  | — |  |  | 335 |  |  | 3,738 |  |  | 477,870 |  |  | 481,943 |
Total commercial real estate | 385 |  |  | — |  |  | 385 |  |  | 3,770 |  |  | 560,824 |  |  | 564,979 |
Residential real estate | 1,296 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,296 |  |  | 3,643 |  |  | 166,402 |  |  | 171,341 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 212 |  |  | — |  |  | 212 |  |  | 1,628 |  |  | 89,695 |  |  | 91,535 |
Consumer and other | 21 |  |  | — |  |  | 21 |  |  | 138 |  |  | 19,086 |  |  | 19,245 |
Total Loans | $ | 1,914 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,914 |  |  | $ | 9,179 |  |  | $ | 836,007 |  |  | $ | 847,100 |

21

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table presents the aging of the amortized cost basis in purchased loans by aging category and accrual status as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

(dollars in thousands) | 30-89 Days Past Due |  | 90 Days or More Past Due |  | Total Accruing Loans Past Due |  | Nonaccrual Loans |  | Current Loans |  | Total Loans
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 136 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 136 |  |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 17,914 |  |  | $ | 18,129 |
Other commercial real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,976 |  |  | 43,916 |  |  | 45,892 |
Total commercial real estate | 136 |  |  | — |  |  | 136 |  |  | 2,055 |  |  | 61,830 |  |  | 64,021 |
Residential real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 78 |  |  | 16,901 |  |  | 16,979 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 159 |  |  | — |  |  | 159 |  |  | 38 |  |  | 12,367 |  |  | 12,564 |
Consumer and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 84 |  |  | 2,786 |  |  | 2,870 |
Total Loans | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | 2,255 |  |  | $ | 93,884 |  |  | $ | 96,434 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,061 |  |  | $ | 13,061 |
Other commercial real estate | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | 58,213 |  |  | 58,296 |
Total commercial real estate | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | — |  |  | 71,274 |  |  | 71,357 |
Residential real estate | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | 23,398 |  |  | 23,455 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 553 |  |  | — |  |  | 553 |  |  | — |  |  | 22,272 |  |  | 22,825 |
Consumer and other | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,069 |  |  | 4,077 |
Total Loans | $ | 701 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 701 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 121,013 |  |  | $ | 121,714 |

22

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table details impaired loan data, including purchased credit impaired loans, as of September 30, 2020.

| September 30, 2020
(dollars in thousands) | Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance |  | Average Recorded Investment
With No Related Allowance Recorded |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 6,970 |  |  | $ | 7,023 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,806 |
Commercial real estate | 14,635 |  |  | 13,933 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,978 |
Residential real estate | 1,985 |  |  | 1,949 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,926 |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 48 |  |  | 48 |  |  | — |  |  | 232 |
Consumer & other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| 23,638 |  |  | 22,953 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,942 |
With An Allowance Recorded |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial real estate | 2,390 |  |  | 2,395 |  |  | 728 |  |  | 9,334 |
Residential real estate | 480 |  |  | 480 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 1,059 |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 567 |  |  | 567 |  |  | 567 |  |  | 1,332 |
Consumer & other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
| 3,437 |  |  | 3,442 |  |  | 1,369 |  |  | 11,725 |
Purchased Credit Impaired Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | 118 |  |  | 118 |  |  | — |  |  | 96 |
Commercial real estate | 120 |  |  | 120 |  |  | — |  |  | 79 |
Residential real estate | 16 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 14 |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 57 |  |  | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | 50 |
Consumer & other | 192 |  |  | 192 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 117 |
| 503 |  |  | 503 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 356 |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | 7,088 |  |  | 7,141 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,902 |
Commercial real estate | 17,145 |  |  | 16,448 |  |  | 728 |  |  | 18,391 |
Residential real estate | 2,481 |  |  | 2,445 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 2,999 |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 672 |  |  | 672 |  |  | 567 |  |  | 1,614 |
Consumer & other | 192 |  |  | 192 |  |  | 83 |  |  | 117 |
| $ | 27,578 |  |  | $ | 26,898 |  |  | $ | 1,457 |  |  | $ | 25,023 |

23

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table details impaired loan data as of December 31, 2019.

| December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) | Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Recorded Investment |  | Related Allowance |  | Average Recorded Investment |  |  |  |
With No Related Allowance Recorded |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | $ | 67 |  |  | $ | 67 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 168 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 12,455 |  |  | 11,639 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,924 |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 2,706 |  |  | 2,711 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,693 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 257 |  |  | 257 |  |  | — |  |  | 910 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer & other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |  |  |  |  |
| 15,485 |  |  | 14,674 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,818 |  |  |  |  |
With An Allowance Recorded |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 80 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 6,379 |  |  | 6,385 |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | 3,898 |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 757 |  |  | 760 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 367 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 2,189 |  |  | 1,989 |  |  | 1,073 |  |  | 722 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer & other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
| 9,325 |  |  | 9,134 |  |  | 3,149 |  |  | 5,067 |  |  |  |  |
Purchased Credit Impaired Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | 65 |  |  | 65 |  |  | — |  |  | 80 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 34 |  |  | 34 |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 11 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 24 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 37 |  |  | 37 |  |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer & other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
| 147 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 186 |  |  |  |  |
Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development | 132 |  |  | 132 |  |  | — |  |  | 328 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 18,868 |  |  | 18,058 |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | 17,857 |  |  |  |  |
Residential real estate | 3,474 |  |  | 3,482 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 4,084 |  |  |  |  |
Commercial, financial & agriculture | 2,483 |  |  | 2,283 |  |  | 1,073 |  |  | 1,679 |  |  |  |  |
Consumer & other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 123 |  |  |  |  |
| $ | 24,957 |  |  | $ | 23,955 |  |  | $ | 3,155 |  |  | $ | 24,071 |  |  |  |  |

Interest income recorded on impaired loans during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $104,000 and $274,000, respectively and during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $154,000 and $477,000, respectively.
24

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Troubled Debt Restructurings
The restructuring of a loan is considered a troubled debt restructuring ("TDRs") if both the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and the Company has granted a concession to the terms of the loan. Concessions may include interest rate reductions to below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses.
As discussed in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, which are included in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K, once a loan is identified as a TDR, it is accounted for as an impaired loan. The Company had no unfunded commitments to lend to a customer that has a troubled debt restructured loan as of September 30, 2020. The Company had three loan contracts restructured during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2020, all three modifications were payment deferral modifications. Two of the loans were commercial real estate totaling $131,000 and there was one commercial loan totaling $97,000. Loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are considered to be in default once the loan becomes 90 days past due. A TDR may cease being classified as impaired if the loan is subsequently modified at market terms and, has performed according to the modified terms for at least six months, and there has not been any prior principal forgiveness on a cumulative basis.
The Company had no loans that subsequently defaulted during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
Modifications in Response to COVID-19
Certain borrowers are currently unable to meet their contractual payment obligations because of the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. To help mitigate these effects, loan customers may apply for a deferral of payments, or portions thereof, for up to three months. In the absence of other intervening factors, such short-term modifications made on a good faith basis are not categorized as troubled debt restructurings, nor are loans granted payment deferrals related to the COVID-19 pandemic reported as past due or placed on nonaccrual status (provided the loans were not past due or on nonaccrual status prior to the deferral).
As of September 30, 2020, the Company had approximately $12.6 million in loans still under their modified terms. The Company’s modification program included payment deferrals, interest only, and other forms of modifications. See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information.
25

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(5) Allowance for Loan Losses
The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses, segregated by class of loan, for the three and nine months periods ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other loan categories and periodically may result in reallocation within the provision categories.

(dollars in thousands) | Construction, land and land development |  | Other commercial real estate |  | Residential real estate |  | Commercial, financial & agricultural |  | Consumer and other |  | Total
Three months ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 759 |  |  | $ | 5,711 |  |  | $ | 1,631 |  |  | $ | 1,913 |  |  | $ | 275 |  |  | $ | 10,289 |
Charge-offs | — |  |  | (226) |  |  | (144) |  |  | (153) |  |  | (36) |  |  | (559) |
Recoveries | 6 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 184 |
Provision | 199 |  |  | 127 |  |  | 317 |  |  | 346 |  |  | 117 |  |  | 1,106 |
Ending balance | 964 |  |  | 5,615 |  |  | 1,924 |  |  | 2,107 |  |  | 410 |  |  | 11,020 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 215 |  |  | $ | 3,908 |  |  | $ | 980 |  |  | $ | 1,657 |  |  | $ | 103 |  |  | $ | 6,863 |
Charge-offs | (4) |  |  | (226) |  |  | (159) |  |  | (221) |  |  | (846) |  |  | (1,456) |
Recoveries | 31 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 140 |  |  | 351 |
Provision | 722 |  |  | 1,904 |  |  | 973 |  |  | 650 |  |  | 1,013 |  |  | 5,262 |
Ending balance | 964 |  |  | 5,615 |  |  | 1,924 |  |  | 2,107 |  |  | 410 |  |  | 11,020 |
Period end amount allocated to |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | — |  |  | 728 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 567 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,369 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 964 |  |  | 4,887 |  |  | 1,845 |  |  | 1,540 |  |  | 327 |  |  | 9,563 |
Purchase credit impaired | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | 83 |  |  | 88 |
Ending Balance | 964 |  |  | 5,615 |  |  | 1,924 |  |  | 2,107 |  |  | 410 |  |  | 11,020 |
Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 7,023 |  |  | 16,329 |  |  | 2,429 |  |  | 614 |  |  | — |  |  | 26,395 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 121,150 |  |  | 493,543 |  |  | 182,673 |  |  | 254,244 |  |  | 23,098 |  |  | 1,074,708 |
Purchase credit impaired | 118 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 192 |  |  | 503 |
Ending balance | $ | 128,291 |  |  | $ | 509,992 |  |  | $ | 185,118 |  |  | $ | 254,915 |  |  | $ | 23,290 |  |  | $ | 1,101,606 |

26

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands) | Construction, land and land development |  | Other commercial real estate |  | Residential real estate |  | Commercial, financial & agricultural |  | Consumer and other |  | Total
Three months ended September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 4,430 |  |  | $ | 845 |  |  | $ | 1,421 |  |  | $ | 81 |  |  | $ | 6,789 |
Charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | (110) |  |  | (225) |  |  | (253) |  |  | (588) |
Recoveries | 7 |  |  | 142 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 185 |
Provision | 156 |  |  | (559) |  |  | 215 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 298 |  |  | 214 |
Ending balance | 175 |  |  | 4,013 |  |  | 957 |  |  | 1,314 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 6,600 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning Balance | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 5,251 |  |  | $ | 1,181 |  |  | $ | 618 |  |  | $ | 96 |  |  | $ | 7,277 |
Charge-offs | (29) |  |  | (119) |  |  | (757) |  |  | (350) |  |  | (432) |  |  | (1,687) |
Recoveries | 61 |  |  | 183 |  |  | 166 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 45 |  |  | 486 |
Provision | 12 |  |  | (1,302) |  |  | 367 |  |  | 1,015 |  |  | 432 |  |  | 524 |
Ending balance | 175 |  |  | 4,013 |  |  | 957 |  |  | 1,314 |  |  | 141 |  |  | 6,600 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Period end amount allocated to |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | — |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 1,073 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,149 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 215 |  |  | 1,969 |  |  | 837 |  |  | 584 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 3,708 |
Purchase credit impaired | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |
Ending Balance | 215 |  |  | 3,908 |  |  | 980 |  |  | 1,657 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 6,863 |
Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | 67 |  |  | 18,024 |  |  | 3,471 |  |  | 2,246 |  |  | — |  |  | 23,808 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 95,965 |  |  | 522,181 |  |  | 191,314 |  |  | 112,077 |  |  | 23,322 |  |  | 944,859 |
Purchase credit impaired | 65 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 37 |  |  | — |  |  | 147 |
Ending Balance | $ | 96,097 |  |  | $ | 540,239 |  |  | $ | 194,796 |  |  | $ | 114,360 |  |  | $ | 23,322 |  |  | $ | 968,814 |

Management continually evaluates the allowance for loan losses methodology seeking to refine and enhance this process as appropriate, and it is likely that the methodology will continue to evolve over time.
The Company determines its individual reserves during its quarterly review of substandard loans. This process involves reviewing all loans with a risk grade of 6 or greater and an outstanding balance of $250,000 or more, regardless of the loans impairment classification.
27

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(6) Leases
A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-02 and all subsequent ASUs that modified this topic (collectively referred to as “Topic 842”). For the Company, Topic 842 primarily affected the accounting treatment for operating lease agreements in which the Company is the lessee.
Substantially all of the leases in which the Company is the lessee are comprised of real estate for branches and office space with terms extending through 2027. All leases are classified as operating leases, and therefore, were previously not recognized on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. With the adoption of Topic 842, operating lease arrangements are required to be recognized on the consolidated balance sheet as a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a corresponding lease liability.
The following table represents the consolidated balance sheet classification of the Company’s ROU assets and liabilities. The Company elected not to include short-term leases (i.e., leases with initial terms of twelve months or less), or equipment leases (deemed immaterial) on the consolidated balance sheet.

(dollars in thousands) | Classification |  | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Assets |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | Other assets |  | $ | 572 |  |  | $ | 572 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities | Other liabilities |  | 576 |  |  | 547 |

The calculated amount of the ROU assets and lease liabilities in the table above are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. The Company’s lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company’s discretion. If at lease inception the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability. Regarding the discount rate, Topic 842 requires the use of the rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable. As this rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term. For operating leases existing prior to January 1, 2020, the rate for the remaining lease term as of January 1, 2020 was used.
Operating lease cost was $64,000 and $31,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $180,000 and $61,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 respectively.
As of September 30, 2020, the weighted average remaining lease term was 4.54 years and the weighted average discount rate was 1.77%.
28

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table represents the future maturities of the operating lease liabilities and other lease information as of September 30, 2020.

(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  | Lease Liability
2021 |  |  |  | $ | 198 |
2022 |  |  |  | 149 |
2023 |  |  |  | 79 |
2024 |  |  |  | 45 |
2025 |  |  |  | 45 |
After September 30, 2025 |  |  |  | 93 |
Total lease payments |  |  |  | $ | 609 |
Less: interest |  |  |  | (33) |
Present value of lease liabilities |  |  |  | $ | 576 |
Supplemental lease information: |  |  |  |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases (cash payments) |  | $ | 176 |  |  | $ | 104 |
Operating cash flows from operating leases (lease liability addition) |  | 167 |  |  | 101 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for leases entered into during the period |  | 196 |  |  | 193 |

(7) Borrowings
The following table presents information regarding the Company’s outstanding borrowings at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | $ | 22,500 |  |  | $ | 47,000 |
Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Liquidity Facility | 134,500 |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | 38,042 |  |  | 38,792 |
| $ | 195,042 |  |  | $ | 85,792 |

Advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) have maturities ranging from 2021 to 2029 and interest rates ranging from 1.05% to 3.51%. As collateral on the outstanding FHLB advances, the Company has provided a blanket lien on its portfolio of qualifying residential first mortgage loans, commercial loans, multifamily loans and HELOC loans. At September 30, 2020, the lendable collateral of those loans pledged is $88.6 million. At September 30, 2020, the Company had remaining credit availability from the FHLB of $416.1 million. The Company may be required to pledge additional qualifying collateral in order to utilize the full amount of the remaining credit line.
On May 1, 2019, the Company completed a borrowing arrangement with a correspondent bank for $10.0 million. The term note is secured by the Bank’s stock, expires on May 1, 2024, and bears a fixed interest rate of 4.70%. The proceeds were used for the acquisition of LBC Bancshares, Inc. and its subsidiary, Calumet Bank. As of September 30, 2020, the outstanding balance totaled $8.5 million.
On May 1, 2019, the Company completed a revolving credit arrangement with a correspondent bank with a maximum line amount of $10.0 million. This line of credit is secured by the Bank’s stock, expires on May 1, 2021, and bears a variable interest rate of Wall Street Journal Prime minus 0.40%. The Company advanced $5.3 million that was used toward the acquisition of LBC Bancshares, Inc. and its subsidiary, Calumet Bank. As of September 30, 2020, the outstanding balance totaled $5.3 million.
29

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
On April 20, 2020 the Company completed a Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (PPPLF) credit arrangement with The Federal Reserve Bank. This line of credit is secured by PPP loans and bears a fixed interest rate of 0.35% with a maturity date equal to the maturity date of the related PPP loans, with the PPP loans maturing either two or five years from the origination date of the PPP loan. An advance of $140.7 million through the PPPLF was used for the funding of PPP loans. As of September 30, 2020, the outstanding balance totaled $134.5 million, and the Company's PPP loans and related PPPLF funding had a weighted average life of approximately 2 years.
The aggregate stated maturities of other borrowed money at September 30, 2020 are as follows:

(dollars in thousands) |  |
Year |  | Amount
2021 |  | $ | 5,313 |
2022 |  | — |
2023 |  | 3,000 |
2024 |  | 8,500 |
2025 and After |  | 43,729 |
PPPLF |  | 134,500 |
|  | $ | 195,042 |

The Company also has available federal funds lines of credit with various financial institutions totaling $55.0 million, none of which were outstanding at September 30, 2020.
The Company has the ability to borrow funds from the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) of Atlanta utilizing the discount window. The discount window is an instrument of monetary policy that allows eligible institutions to borrow money from the FRB on a short-term basis to meet temporary liquidity shortages caused by internal or external disruptions. At September 30, 2020, the Company had borrowing capacity available under this arrangement, with no outstanding balances. The Company would be required to pledge certain available-for-sale investment securities as collateral under this agreement.
The Company's Trust Preferred Securities are recorded as subordinated debentures on the consolidated balance sheets, but subject to certain limitations, qualify as Tier 1 Capital for regulatory capital purposes. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Trust Preferred Securities was $24.2 million. The proceeds from the offerings were used to fund certain acquisitions, pay off holding company debt and inject capital into the bank subsidiary. The Trust preferred securities pay interest quarterly.
30

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(8) Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of restricted stock.
The following table presents earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

(dollars in thousands, except per share data) | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Numerator |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income available to common stockholders | $ | 3,099 |  |  | $ | 2,518 |  |  | $ | 6,916 |  |  | $ | 7,455 |
Denominator |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average number of common shares |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding for basic earnings per common share | 9,499 |  |  | 9,495 |  |  | 9,499 |  |  | 9,008 |
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding for diluted earnings per common share | 9,499 |  |  | 9,495 |  |  | 9,499 |  |  | 9,008 |
Earnings per share - basic | $ | 0.33 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 0.73 |  |  | $ | 0.83 |
Earnings per share - diluted | $ | 0.33 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |  |  | $ | 0.73 |  |  | $ | 0.83 |

(9) Commitments and Contingencies
Credit-Related Financial Instruments. The Company is a party to credit related financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments. The Company follows the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. Collateral held varies, but may include cash or cash equivalents, negotiable instruments, real estate, accounts receivable, inventory, oil, gas and mineral interests, property, plant, and equipment.
At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 the following financial instruments were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk:

| Contract Amount
(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Loan commitments | $ | 147,410 |  |  | $ | 102,890 |
Letters of credit | 3,540 |  |  | 1,576 |

31

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The commitments for equity lines of credit may expire without being drawn upon. Therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The amount of collateral obtained, if it is deemed necessary by the Company, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.
Unfunded commitments under commercial lines of credit, revolving credit lines and overdraft protection agreements are commitments for possible future extensions of credit to existing customers. These lines of credit are uncollateralized and usually do not contain a specified maturity date and may not be drawn upon to the total extent to which the Company is committed.
Standby and performance letters of credit are conditional lending commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Those letters of credit are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements. Essentially all letters of credit issued have expiration dates within one year. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.
Legal Contingencies. In the ordinary course of business, there are various legal proceedings pending against the Company and the Bank. As of September 30, 2020, the aggregate liabilities, if any, arising from such proceedings would not, in the opinion of management, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position.
(10) Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements
Generally accepted accounting standards in the U.S. require disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized on the face of the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. The assumptions used in the estimation of the fair value of the Company and the Bank’s financial instruments are detailed hereafter. Where quoted prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using discounted cash flows and other valuation techniques. The use of discounted cash flows can be significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.
Generally accepted accounting principles related to Fair Value Measurements define fair value, establish a framework for measuring fair value, establish a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurement and enhance disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:
•Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
•Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
•Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and represent the Company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.
The following disclosures should not be considered a surrogate of the liquidation value of the Company, but rather a good-faith estimate of the increase or decrease in value of financial instruments held by the Company since purchase, origination or issuance.
Cash and short-term investments – For cash, due from banks, bank-owned deposits and federal funds sold, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value and is classified as Level 1.
Investment securities – Fair values for investment securities are based on quoted market prices where available and classified as Level 1. If quoted market prices are not available, estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments and classified as Level 2. If a comparable is not available, the investment securities are classified as Level 3.
32

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Other investments, at cost– The fair value of Federal Home Loan Bank stock approximates carrying value and is classified as Level 1. If quoted market prices are not available, estimated fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments and classified as Level 2.
Loans held for sale – The fair value of loans held for sale is determined on outstanding commitments from third party investors in the secondary markets and is classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.
Loans – The fair value of fixed rate loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings. For variable rate loans, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value. Most loans are classified as Level 3.
Deposit liabilities – The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and certain money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date and is classified as Level 2. The fair value of deposits is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities and is classified as Level 2.
Federal Home Loan Bank advances– The fair value of Federal Home Loan Bank advances is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar advances would be obtained. Federal Home Loan Bank advances are classified as Level 2.
Paycheck Protection Liquidity Facility– The fair value of Paycheck Protection Liquidity Facility is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar advances would be obtained. Paycheck Protection Liquidity Facility are classified as Level 2.
Other borrowings – The fair value of other borrowings is calculated by discounting contractual cash flows using an estimated interest rate based on current rates available to the Company for debt of similar remaining maturities and collateral terms. Other borrowings is classified as Level 2 due to their expected maturities.
Disclosures of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or non-recurring basis, are required in the financial statements.
The carrying amount, estimated fair values, and placement in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:

| Fair Value Measurements
(dollars in thousands) | Carrying Value |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and short-term investments | $ | 148,839 |  |  | $ | 148,839 |  |  | $ | 148,839 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Investment securities available for sale | 363,601 |  |  | 363,601 |  |  | — |  |  | 361,599 |  |  | 2,002 |
Other investments, at cost | 3,296 |  |  | 3,296 |  |  | 2,567 |  |  | 729 |  |  | — |
Loans held for sale | 55,864 |  |  | 55,864 |  |  | — |  |  | 55,864 |  |  | — |
Loans, net | 1,090,586 |  |  | 1,111,221 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,111,221 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 1,416,400 |  |  | 1,416,311 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,416,311 |  |  | — |
Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility | 22,500 |  |  | 20,742 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,742 |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 134,500 |  |  | 134,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 134,500 |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | 38,042 |  |  | 38,042 |  |  | — |  |  | 38,046 |  |  | — |

33

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

| Fair Value Measurements
(dollars in thousands) | Carrying Value |  | Estimated Fair Value |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and short-term investments | $ | 104,092 |  |  | $ | 104,092 |  |  | $ | 104,192 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Investment securities available for sale | 347,332 |  |  | 347,332 |  |  | — |  |  | 345,310 |  |  | 2,022 |
Other investments, at cost | 4,288 |  |  | 4,288 |  |  | 3,559 |  |  | 729 |  |  | — |
Loans held for sale | 10,076 |  |  | 10,076 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,076 |  |  | — |
Loans, net | 961,951 |  |  | 938,475 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 938,475 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 1,293,742 |  |  | 1,294,506 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,294,506 |  |  | — |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 47,000 |  |  | 44,402 |  |  | — |  |  | 44,402 |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | 38,792 |  |  | 38,792 |  |  | — |  |  | 38,792 |  |  | — |

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on many judgments. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Fair value estimates are based on existing on and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments include deferred income taxes and premises and equipment. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in the estimates.
Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis, as well as the general classification of such instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy:
Securities – Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 inputs include securities that have quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flow. Examples of such instruments, which would generally be classified within level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, include certain collateralized mortgage and debt obligations and certain high-yield debt securities. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, securities are classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. When measuring fair value, the valuation techniques available under the market approach, income approach and/or cost approach are used. The Company’s evaluations are based on market data and the Company employs combinations of these approaches for its valuation methods depending on the asset class.
Impaired Loans – Impaired loans are those loans which the Company has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is generally determined based upon independent third-party appraisals of the properties, or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements.
Other Real Estate – Other real estate owned assets are adjusted to fair value less estimated selling costs upon transfer of the loans to other real estate. Typically, an external, third-party appraisal is performed on the collateral upon transfer into the other real estate account to determine the asset’s fair value. Subsequent adjustments to the collateral’s value may be based upon either updated third-party appraisals or management’s knowledge of the collateral and the current real estate market conditions. Appraised amounts used in determining the asset’s fair value, whether internally or externally prepared, are
34

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
discounted 10% to account for selling and marketing costs. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Because of the high degree of judgment required in estimating the fair value of other real estate assets and because of the relationship between fair value and general economic conditions, we consider the fair value of other real estate assets to be highly sensitive to changes in market conditions.
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis – The following table presents the recorded amount of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall. The table below includes only impaired loans with a specific reserve and only other real estate properties with a valuation allowance at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Those impaired loans and other real estate properties are shown net of the related specific reserves and valuation allowances.

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
(dollars in thousands) | Total Fair Value |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring Securities Available for Sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasury securities | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 245 |  |  | $ | — |
State, county & municipal securities | 38,906 |  |  | — |  |  | 38,906 |  |  | — |
Corporate Debt securities | 3,753 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,751 |  |  | 2,002 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 320,697 |  |  | — |  |  | 320,697 |  |  | — |
Total available for sale securities | $ | 363,601 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 361,599 |  |  | $ | 2,002 |
Nonrecurring |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans | $ | 2,178 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,178 |
Other Real Estate | 1,875 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,875 |
Total nonrecurring assets | $ | 4,053 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,053 |

|  |  | Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
(dollars in thousands) | Total Fair Value |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recurring Securities Available for Sale |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State, county & municipal securities | $ | 5,115 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,115 |  |  | $ | — |
Corporate Debt securities | 2,806 |  |  | — |  |  | 784 |  |  | 2,022 |
Mortgage-backed securities | 339,411 |  |  | — |  |  | 339,411 |  |  | — |
Total available for sale securities | $ | 347,332 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 345,310 |  |  | $ | 2,022 |
Nonrecurring |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans | $ | 5,985 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 5,985 |
Other Real Estate | 1,320 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,320 |
Total nonrecurring assets | $ | 7,305 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,305 |

35

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements for assets in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy measured on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. This table is comprised primarily of collateral dependent impaired loans and other real estate:

(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2020 |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range Weighted Avg
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans | $ | 2,178 |  |  | Appraised Value |  | Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell |  | 10 | % |  | 80 | %
Other Real Estate | 1,875 |  |  | Appraised Value/Comparable Sales |  | Discounts to reflect current market conditions and estimated costs to sell |  | — | % |  | 20 | %

(dollars in thousands) | December 31, 2019 |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range Weighted Avg
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans | $ | 5,985 |  |  | Appraised Value |  | Discounts to reflect current market conditions, ultimate collectability, and estimated costs to sell |  | — | % |  | 20 | %
Other Real Estate | 1,320 |  |  | Appraised Value/Comparable Sales |  | Discounts to reflect current market conditions and estimated costs to sell |  | — | % |  | 20 | %

The table below presents a reconciliation and statement of income classification of gains and losses for all assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (level 3) for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

| Available for Sale Securities
(dollars in thousands) | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Balance, Beginning | $ | 2,022 |  |  | $ | 4,277 |
Transfers out of Level 3 | — |  |  | — |
Sales | — |  |  | — |
Paydowns |  |  | (883) |
Realized Loss on Sale of Security | — |  |  | — |
Unrealized gains (losses) included in Other Comprehensive Income | (20) |  |  | 40 |
Balance, Ending | $ | 2,002 |  |  | $ | 3,434 |

36

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of levels 1, 2 and 3 as of the end of a reporting period. There were no transfers of securities between levels for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
The following table presents quantitative information about recurring level 3 fair value measurements as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 30, 2020 | Fair Value |  | Valuation Techniques |  | Unobservable Inputs |  | Range (Weighted Avg)
Corporate debt securities | $ | 2,002 |  |  | Discounted Cash Flow |  | Discount Rate or Yield |  | N/A*
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities | $ | 2,022 |  |  | Discounted Cash Flow |  | Discount Rate or Yield |  | N/A*

* The Company relies on a third-party pricing service to value its securities. The details of the unobservable inputs and other adjustments used by the third-party pricing service were not readily available to the Company.
37

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(11) Segment Information
The Company’s operating segments include banking, mortgage banking and small business specialty lending division. The reportable segments are determined by the products and services offered, and internal reporting. The Bank segment derives its revenues from the delivery of full-service financial services, including retail and commercial banking services and deposit accounts. The Mortgage Banking segment derives its revenues from the origination and sales of residential mortgage loans held for sale. The Small Business Specialty Lending Division segment derives its revenue from the origination, sales and servicing of Small Business Administration loans and other government guaranteed loans. Segment performance is evaluated using net interest income and noninterest income. Income taxes are allocated based on income before income taxes, and indirect expenses (includes management fees) are allocated based on various internal factors for each segment. Transactions among segments are made at fair value. Information reported internally for performance assessment follows. The following tables present information reported internally for performance assessment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

(dollars in thousands) |  | Bank |  | Mortgage Banking |  | Small Business Specialty Lending Division |  | Totals
Three months ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Interest Income |  | $ | 12,920 |  |  | $ | 188 |  |  | $ | 740 |  |  | $ | 13,848 |
Provision for Loan Losses |  | 1,106 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,106 |
Noninterest Income |  | 4,139 |  |  | 2,612 |  |  | 803 |  |  | 7,554 |
Noninterest Expenses |  | 13,242 |  |  | 2,410 |  |  | 661 |  |  | 16,313 |
Income Taxes |  | 785 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 884 |
Segment Profit (Loss) |  | $ | 1,926 |  |  | $ | 308 |  |  | $ | 865 |  |  | $ | 3,099 |
Segments Assets at September 30, 2020 |  | $ | 1,563,131 |  |  | $ | 50,265 |  |  | $ | 146,050 |  |  | $ | 1,759,446 |

(dollars in thousands) |  | Bank |  | Mortgage Banking |  | Small Business Specialty Lending Division |  | Totals
Three months ended September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Interest Income |  | $ | 12,575 |  |  | $ | 81 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,656 |
Provision for Loan Losses |  | 214 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 214 |
Noninterest Income |  | 2,785 |  |  | 1,245 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,030 |
Noninterest Expenses |  | 11,637 |  |  | 1,191 |  |  | 529 |  |  | 13,357 |
Income Taxes |  | 501 |  |  | (15) |  |  | 111 |  |  | 597 |
Segment Profit |  | $ | 3,008 |  |  | $ | 150 |  |  | $ | (640) |  |  | $ | 2,518 |
Segments Assets at September 30, 2019 |  | $ | 1,473,535 |  |  | $ | 3,998 |  |  | $ | 149 |  |  | $ | 1,477,682 |

38

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands) |  | Bank |  | Mortgage Banking |  | Small Business Specialty Lending Division |  | Totals
Nine months ended September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Interest Income |  | $ | 38,306 |  |  | $ | 305 |  |  | $ | 1,483 |  |  | $ | 40,094 |
Provision for Loan Losses |  | 5,262 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,262 |
Noninterest Income |  | 9,960 |  |  | 5,686 |  |  | 1,183 |  |  | 16,829 |
Noninterest Expenses |  | 36,712 |  |  | 5,302 |  |  | 924 |  |  | 42,938 |
Income Taxes |  | 1,472 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 198 |  |  | 1,807 |
Segment Profit (Loss) |  | $ | 4,820 |  |  | $ | 552 |  |  | $ | 1,544 |  |  | $ | 6,916 |

(dollars in thousands) |  | Bank |  | Mortgage Banking |  | Small Business Specialty Lending Division |  | Totals
Nine months ended September 30, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net Interest Income |  | $ | 34,754 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 34,854 |
Provision for Loan Losses |  | 524 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 524 |
Noninterest Income |  | 8,462 |  |  | 1,888 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,350 |
Noninterest Expenses |  | 32,832 |  |  | 2,037 |  |  | 529 |  |  | 35,398 |
Income Taxes |  | 1,726 |  |  | (10) |  |  | 111 |  |  | 1,827 |
Segment Profit |  | $ | 8,134 |  |  | $ | (39) |  |  | $ | (640) |  |  | $ | 7,455 |

39

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(12) Regulatory Capital Matters
The amount of dividends payable to the parent company from the subsidiary bank is limited by various banking regulatory agencies. Upon approval by regulatory authorities, the Bank may pay cash dividends to the parent company in excess of regulatory limitations.
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and, possibly, additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Company’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, and of Tier 1 capital to average assets. As of September 30, 2020, the interim final Basel III rules (“Basel III”) require the Company to also maintain minimum amounts and ratios of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets. These amounts and ratios as defined in regulations are presented hereafter. Management believes, as of September 30, 2020, the Company meets all capital adequacy requirements to which it is subject under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. In the opinion of management, there are no events or conditions since prior notification of capital adequacy from the regulators that have changed the institution’s category.
The Basel III rules also require the implementation of a new capital conservation buffer comprised of common equity Tier 1 capital. The capital conservation buffer was phased in beginning January 1, 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increase each subsequent year by 0.625% until reaching its final level of 2.5% on January 1, 2019.
The Bank is participating in the PPP and the PPPLF to fund PPP Loans. In accordance with regulatory guidance, PPP loans pledged as collateral for PPPLF, and PPPLF advances, are excluded from leverage capital ratios. PPP loans will also carry a 0% risk-weight for risk-based capital rules.
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve raised the threshold for determining applicable of the Small Bank Holding Company and Savings and Loan Company Policy Statement in August 2018 from $1 billion to $3 billion in consolidated total assets to provide regulatory burden relief, therefore, the Company is no longer subject to the minimum capital requirements.
40

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
The following table summarizes regulatory capital information as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 on a consolidated basis and for the subsidiary, as defined. Regulatory capital ratios for September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were calculated in accordance with the Basel III rules.

(dollars in thousands) | Actual |  | For Capital Adequacy Purposes |  | To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
| Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
As of September 30, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | $ | 168,270 |  |  | 15.29 | % |  | $ | 88,042 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 158,046 |  |  | 14.35 |  |  | 88,109 |  |  | 8.00 |  |  | $ | 110,137 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier I Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | 157,250 |  |  | 14.29 |  |  | 66,025 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 147,026 |  |  | 13.35 |  |  | 66,079 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | 88,105 |  |  | 8.00 |
Common Equity Tier I Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | 133,750 |  |  | 12.16 |  |  | 49,496 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 147,026 |  |  | 13.35 |  |  | 49,559 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | 71,586 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier I Capital to Average Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | 157,250 |  |  | 10.17 |  |  | 61,849 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 147,026 |  |  | 9.66 |  |  | 60,880 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 76,100 |  |  | 5.00 |

(dollars in thousands) | Actual |  | For Capital Adequacy Purposes |  | To Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
| Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio |  | Amount |  | Ratio
As of December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | $ | 140,973 |  |  | 13.17 | % |  | $ | 85,661 |  |  | 8.00 | % |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 151,444 |  |  | 14.19 |  |  | 85,407 |  |  | 8.00 |  |  | $ | 106,758 |  |  | 10.00 | %
Tier I Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | 134,110 |  |  | 12.52 |  |  | 64,246 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 144,581 |  |  | 13.54 |  |  | 64,055 |  |  | 6.00 |  |  | 8,547 |  |  | 8.00 |
Common Equity Tier I Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | 110,610 |  |  | 10.33 |  |  | 48,185 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 144,581 |  |  | 13.54 |  |  | 48,041 |  |  | 4.50 |  |  | 69,393 |  |  | 6.50 |
Tier I Capital to Average Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consolidated | 134,110 |  |  | 8.92 |  |  | 60,141 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Colony Bank | 144,581 |  |  | 9.77 |  |  | 59,977 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 74,972 |  |  | 5.00 |

41

COLONY BANKCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(13) Subsequent Events
Dividend
On October 15, 2020, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share, to be paid on its common stock on November 13, 2020, to shareholders of record as of the close of business on October 30, 2020.
COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic is having, and will likely continue to have, significant effects on global markets, supply chains, businesses and communities. COVID-19 is likely to impact the Company’s future financial condition and results of operations, including, but not limited to, additional credit loss reserves, additional collateral and/or modifications to debt obligations, liquidity, limited dividend payouts or potential shortages of personnel.
Management continues to take appropriate actions to mitigate the negative impact the virus has on the Company, including restricting employee travel, directing employees to work remotely, cancelling in-person meetings and implementing our business continuity plans and protocols to the extent necessary. However, the full impact of COVID-19 is unknown and cannot be reasonably estimated as these events are still developing.
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The purpose of this discussion and analysis is to focus on significant changes in the financial condition of Colony Bankcorp, Inc. and our wholly owned subsidiary, Colony Bank, from December 31, 2019 through September 30, 2020 and on our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in the Company's 2019 Form 10-K, and information presented elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly the unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Item 1.
Forward-looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and our financial performance. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “may,” “might,” “should,” “could,” “predict,” “potential,” “believe,” “expect,” “continue,” “will,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “strive,” “projection,” “goal,” “target,” “outlook,” “aim,” “would,” “annualized” and “outlook,” or the negative version of those words or other comparable words or phrases of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control, particularly with regard to developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, we caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions, estimates and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.
A number of important factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated in these forward-looking statements, including those factors discussed elsewhere in this quarterly report and the following:
•business and economic conditions, particularly those affecting the financial services industry and our primary market areas;
•the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, including the impact of the actions taken by governmental authorities to try and contain the virus or address the impact of the virus on the United States economy (including, without limitations, the CARES Act), and the resulting effect of all of such items on our operations, liquidity and capital position, and on the financial condition of our borrowers and other customers;
•adverse results from current or future litigation, regulatory examinations or other legal and/or regulatory actions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including as a result of our participation in and execution of government programs related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including, but not limited to, the PPP;
•factors that can impact the performance of our loan portfolio, including real estate values and liquidity in our primary market areas, the financial health of our borrowers and the success of various projects that we finance;
•concentration of our loan portfolio in real estate loans and changes in the prices, values and sales volumes of commercial and residential real estate;
•credit and lending risks associated with our construction and development, commercial real estate, commercial and industrial and residential real estate loan portfolios;
•our ability to attract sufficient loans that meet prudent credit standards, including in our construction and development, commercial and industrial and owner-occupied commercial real estate loan categories;
•our ability to attract and maintain business banking relationships with well-qualified businesses, real estate developers and investors with proven track records in our market areas;
•changes in interest rate environment, including changes to the federal funds rate, and competition in our markets may result in increased funding costs or reduced earning assets yields, thus reducing our margins and net interest income;
•our ability to successfully manage our credit risk and the sufficiency of our allowance for loan losses (“ALL”);
43

•the adequacy of our reserves (including ALL) and the appropriateness of our methodology for calculating such reserves;
•our ability to successfully execute our business strategy to achieve profitable growth;
•the concentration of our business within our geographic areas of operation in Georgia and neighboring markets;
•our focus on small and mid-sized businesses;
•our ability to manage our growth;
•our ability to increase our operating efficiency;
•liquidity issues, including fluctuations in the fair value and liquidity of the securities we hold for sale and our ability to raise additional capital, if necessary;
•failure to maintain adequate liquidity and regulatory capital and comply with evolving federal and state banking regulations;
•risks that our cost of funding could increase, in the event we are unable to continue to attract stable, low-cost deposits and reduce our cost of deposits;
•inability of our risk management framework to effectively mitigate credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, price risk, compliance risk, operational risk, strategic risk and reputational risk;
•the makeup of our asset mix and investments;
•external economic, political and/or market factors, such as changes in monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve, inflation or deflation, changes in the demand for loans, and fluctuations in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits, which may have an adverse impact on our financial condition;
•continued or increasing competition from other financial institutions, credit unions, and non-bank financial services companies, many of which are subject to different regulations than we are;
•challenges arising from unsuccessful attempts to expand into new geographic markets, products, or services;
•restraints on the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to us, which could limit our liquidity;
•increased capital requirements imposed by banking regulators, which may require us to raise capital at a time when capital is not available on favorable terms or at all;
•a failure in the internal controls we have implemented to address the risks inherent to the business of banking;
•inaccuracies in our assumptions about future events, which could result in material differences between our financial projections and actual financial performance;
•changes in our management personnel or our inability to retain motivate and hire qualified management personnel;
•the dependence of our operating model on our ability to attract and retain experienced and talented bankers in each of our markets;
•our ability to identify and address cyber-security risks, fraud and systems errors;
•disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, our information technology systems;
•disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events affecting the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions;
44

•an inability to keep pace with the rate of technological advances due to a lack of resources to invest in new technologies;
•fraudulent and negligent acts by our clients, employees or vendors and our ability to identify and address such acts;
•risks related to potential acquisitions;
•the impact of any claims or legal actions to which we may be subject, including any effect on our reputation;
•compliance with governmental and regulatory requirements, including the Dodd-Frank Act and others relating to banking, consumer protection, securities and tax matters, and our ability to maintain licenses required in connection with commercial mortgage origination, sale and servicing operations;
•changes in the scope and cost of FDIC insurance and other coverage;
•changes in our accounting standards;
•changes in tariffs and trade barriers;
•changes in federal tax law or policy; and
•other risks and factors identified in our 2019 Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020 ("2020 Form 10-Qs"), including those identified under the heading “Risk Factors”.
The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read together with the other cautionary statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Because of these risks and other uncertainties, our actual future results, performance or achievement, or industry results, may be materially different from the results indicated by the forward looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In addition, our past results of operations are not necessarily indicative of our future results. You should not rely on any forward looking statements, which represent our beliefs, assumptions and estimates only as of the dates on which they were made, as predictions of future events. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
COVID-19 Pandemic
During March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) a global pandemic in response to the rapidly growing outbreak of the virus. COVID-19 has significantly impacted local, national and global economies due to stay-at-home orders and social distancing guidelines, and has caused economic and social disruption on an unprecedented scale. While some industries have been impacted more severely than others, all businesses have been impacted to some degree. This disruption has resulted in the shuttering of businesses across the country, significant job loss, and aggressive measures by the federal government.
Congress, the President, and the Federal Reserve have taken several actions designed to cushion the economic fallout. Most notably, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020 as a $2 trillion legislative package. The goal of the CARES Act is to prevent a severe economic downturn through various measures, including direct financial aid to American families and economic stimulus to significantly impacted industry sectors. The legislative package also includes extensive emergency funding for hospitals and providers. In addition to the general impact of COVID-19, certain provisions of the CARES Act as well as other recent legislative and regulatory relief efforts have had and continue to have a material impact on our operations.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has prioritized the health and safety of its teammates and customers, and has taken protective measures such as implementing remote work arrangements to the full extent possible and by adjusting banking center hours and operational measures to promote social distancing, and it will continue to do so throughout the duration of the pandemic. At the same time, the Company is closely monitoring the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our loan and deposit customers, and is assessing the risks in our loan portfolio and working with our customers to reduce the pandemic’s impact on them while minimizing losses for the Company. In addition, the Company remains focused on improving shareholder value, managing credit exposure, challenging expenses, enhancing the customer experience and supporting the communities it serves.
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We have implemented loan programs to allow customers who are experiencing hardships from the COVID-19 pandemic to defer loan principal and interest payments for up to 90 days. The Small Business Administration (SBA) has also guaranteed the principal and interest payments of all our SBA loan customers for six months. As of September 30, 2020, we had 6 commercial customers with outstanding loan balances totaling $12.6 million who had active payment deferrals. Of these non-SBA payment deferrals, 2 loans totaling $7.6 million were in the hotel industry, 1 loans totaling $708,000 were in the retail industry, and the remaining 3 loans in the 1-4 family investment properties, office (not medical) and retail totaling $4.3 million, which are some of the industries heavily impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
In addition, we have been participating in the SBA Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) under CARES Act to help provide loans to our business customers in need. As of September 30, 2020, the Company has closed with the SBA approximately 1,630 PPP loans for an aggregate amount of funds in excess of $137.8 million. We have used our current cash balances and available liquidity from the Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility to fund these PPP loans. Loan fees collected related to these loans is approximately $5.5 million. In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), these fees will be deferred and recognized over the life of the loans.
Despite recent improvements in certain economic indicators, significant constraints to commerce remain in place, and significant uncertainty remains over the timing of an effective and widely available coronavirus vaccine, the timing and scope of additional government stimulus packages, and the economic impact resulting from the outcome of the November 2020 elections. The duration and extent of the downturn and speed of the related recovery on our business, customers and the economy as a whole remains uncertain.
Overview
The following discussion and analysis presents the more significant factors affecting the Company’s financial condition as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and results of operations for each of the three and nine months periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements, notes thereto and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report.
At September 30, 2020, the Company had total consolidated assets of $1.8 billion, total loans of $1.1 billion, total deposits of $1.4 billion, and shareholders’ equity of $140.3 million. The Company reported net income of $3.1 million, or $0.33 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2020, compared to net income of $2.5 million, or $0.27 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2019. The Company reported net income of $6.9 million, or $0.73 per diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to net income of $7.5 million, or $0.83 per diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The decline in net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was driven by a significant increase in provision for loan losses and a reduction in the federal funds rate due to the impact of COVID-19.
Net interest income increased to $13.8 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to $12.7 million for the third quarter of 2019, due to an increase in loan fee income generated through PPP loan originations during the second quarter of 2020. The net interest margin decreased to 3.34% for the three months ended September 30, 2020 from 3.62% for the same period in 2019. The reason for the decrease in net interest margin is primarily due to an increase in volume of loan production at lower rates from the PPP loans, which was partially offset by lower borrowing and deposit rates.
Net interest income increased to $40.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $34.9 million for the same period in 2019, due to an increase loan fee income generated through PPP loan originations during the second quarter of 2020. The net interest margin declined to 3.46% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 from 3.57% for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The reason for the decrease in net interest margin is primarily due to an increase in volume of loan production at lower rates from the PPP loans, which was partially offset by lower borrowing and deposit rates.
The provision for loan losses was $1.1 million for the third quarter of 2020, compared to $214,000 for the third quarter of 2019. Net charge-offs for the third quarter of 2020 were $375,000 compared to net charge-offs of $403,000 for the same period in 2019. The provision for loan losses was $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $524,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Net charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $1.1 million compared to $1.2 million for the same period in 2019. As of September 30, 2020, Colony’s allowance for loan losses was $11.0 million, or 1.00% of total loans, compared to $6.9 million, or 0.71% of total loans, at December 31, 2019. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, nonperforming assets were $11.8 million and $10.5 million, or 0.67% and 0.69% of total assets, respectively. While asset quality remains stable period over period, social and economic disruption in response to the COVID-19 pandemic continued to result in business closures and job losses during the third quarter of 2020. As such, additional qualitative measures were incorporated as part of the September 30, 2020 allowance for loan losses
46

calculation which was the primary cause for the increase to the provision for loan losses during the third quarter of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019.
Noninterest income of $7.6 million for the third quarter of 2020 was up $3.5 million or 86.9%, from the third quarter of 2019. Noninterest income of $16.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was up $6.5 million, or 62.6%, from the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase in both periods was primarily due to increases in mortgage loan fees, gain on sale of securities and SBA loans, and interchange fees.
For the third quarter of 2020, noninterest expense of $16.3 million increased $3.0 million, or 22.1% from the same period in 2019. Noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 of $42.9 million, increased $7.5 million, or 21.3% from the same period in 2019. Increases in noninterest expense are in part due to the growth experienced by Colony and changes to organizational structure that are associated with that growth, the write down of the Thomaston branch and the FHLB prepayment penalty offset by the decrease in acquisitions expenses in the third quarter. Those expenses that were the primary contributors to the increase year over year include salaries and employee benefits and other noninterest expenses. See "Table 6 - Noninterest expense" for more detail and discussion on the two primary drivers to the increase in noninterest expense.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our accounting and reporting policies are in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and conform to general practices within the banking industry. There have been no significant changes to the Significant Accounting Policies as described in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, which are included in the Company’s 2019 10-K.
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Non-GAAP Reconciliation and Explanation
Management uses non-GAAP financial measures in its analysis of the Company's performance and believes these presentations provide useful supplemental information, and a clearer understanding of the Company's performance, and if not provided would be requested by the investor community. The Company believes the non-GAAP measures enhance investors' understanding of the Company's business and performance. These measures are also useful in understanding performance trends and facilitate comparisons with the performance of other financial institutions. The limitations associated with operating measures are the risk that persons might disagree as to the appropriateness of items comprising these measures and that different companies might calculate these measures differently.
The measures entitled operating net income, adjusted earnings per diluted share and tangible common book value per share are not measures recognized under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and therefore are considered non-GAAP financial measures. The most comparable GAAP measures are net income, earnings per diluted share, and common book value per share, respectively. These disclosures should not be considered an alternative to GAAP. To the extent applicable, reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures are the most directly comparable measures as reported in accordance with GAAP are included in the table below.

Table 1 - Non-GAAP Performance Measures Reconciliation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2020 |  | 2019
| Third Quarter |  | Second Quarter |  | First Quarter |  | Fourth Quarter |  | Third Quarter |  |  |  |
Non-GAAP Measures |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating net income reconciliation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (GAAP) | $3,099 |  | $2,214 |  | $1,603 |  | $2,756 |  | $2,518 |  |  |  |
Acquisition-related expenses | 207 |  | 220 |  | 287 |  | 335 |  | 861 |  |  |  |
Thomaston building write down | 582 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  |  |
Income tax benefit of acquisition-related expenses | (166) |  | (46) |  | (60) |  | (70) |  | (181) |  |  |  |
Operating net income | $3,722 |  | $2,388 |  | $1,830 |  | $3,021 |  | $3,198 |  |  |  |
Weighted average diluted shares | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,494,859 |  | 9,494,771 |  |  |  |
Adjusted earnings per diluted share | $0.39 |  | $0.25 |  | $0.19 |  | $0.32 |  | $0.34 |  |  |  |
Tangible common book value per share reconciliation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common book value per share (GAAP) | $14.78 |  | $14.59 |  | $14.35 |  | $13.74 |  | $13.65 |  |  |  |
Effect of goodwill and other intangibles | (1.96) |  | (1.96) |  | (2.06) |  | (2.06) |  | (2.04) |  |  |  |
Tangible common book value per share | 12.82 |  | 12.63 |  | 12.29 |  | 11.68 |  | 11.61 |  |  |  |

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Results of Operations
We reported net income and diluted earnings per share of $3.1 million and $0.33, respectively, for the third quarter of 2020. This compared to net income and diluted earnings per share of $2.5 million and $0.27, respectively, for the same period in 2019.
We reported operating net income of $3.7 million for the third quarter 2020, compared to $3.2 million for the same period in 2019. For the third quarter of 2020, operating net income excludes acquisition-related expenses and the write down of the Thomaston branch, which net of tax, totaled $623,000. For the third quarter of 2019, operating net income excludes acquisition-related expenses, which net of tax, totaled $680,000. See reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures provided above.

Table 2 - Selected Financial Information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Third Quarter |  | Second Quarter |  | First Quarter |  | Fourth Quarter |  | Third Quarter |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
EARNINGS SUMMARY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest income | $13,848 |  | $13,541 |  | $12,704 |  | $12,992 |  | $12,656 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for loan losses | 1,106 |  | 2,200 |  | 1,956 |  | 581 |  | 214 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest income | 7,554 |  | 4,843 |  | 4,434 |  | 4,412 |  | 4,030 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Non-interest expense | 16,313 |  | 13,375 |  | 13,251 |  | 13,496 |  | 13,357 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Income taxes | 884 |  | 595 |  | 328 |  | 571 |  | 597 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $3,099 |  | $2,214 |  | $1,603 |  | $2,756 |  | $2,518 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PERFORMANCE MEASURES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Per common share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common shares outstanding | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average basic shares | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,494,859 |  | 9,494,771 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average diluted shares | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,498,783 |  | 9,494,859 |  | 9,494,771 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings per basic share | $0.33 |  | $0.23 |  | $0.17 |  | $0.29 |  | $0.27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Earnings per diluted share | 0.33 |  | 0.23 |  | 0.17 |  | 0.29 |  | 0.27 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Adjusted earnings per diluted share(b) | 0.39 |  | 0.25 |  | 0.19 |  | 0.32 |  | 0.34 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash dividends declared per share | 0.10 |  | 0.10 |  | 0.10 |  | 0.08 |  | 0.08 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Book value per common share | 14.78 |  | 14.59 |  | 14.35 |  | 13.74 |  | 13.65 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tangible book value per common share (b) | 12.82 |  | 12.63 |  | 12.29 |  | 11.68 |  | 11.61 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Performance ratios: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest margin (a) | 3.34% |  | 3.41% |  | 3.63% |  | 3.72% |  | 3.62% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average assets | 0.70 |  | 0.52 |  | 0.42 |  | 0.73 |  | 0.67 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Return on average total equity | 8.80 |  | 6.47 |  | 4.79 |  | 8.47 |  | 7.86 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Average total equity to average assets | 7.91 |  | 8.06 |  | 8.86 |  | 8.66 |  | 8.59 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ASSET QUALITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Nonperforming loans (NPLs) | $9,926 |  | $11,459 |  | $10,130 |  | $9,179 |  | $10,143 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other real estate | 1,875 |  | 1,769 |  | 847 |  | 1,320 |  | 776 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Repossessions | 11 |  | 17 |  | 19 |  | 13 |  | 8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total nonperforming assets (NPAs) | 11,812 |  | 13,245 |  | 10,996 |  | 10,512 |  | 10,927 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Classified loans | 21,388 |  | 20,619 |  | 23,093 |  | 21,084 |  | 20,103 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Criticized loans | 72,076 |  | 52,200 |  | 46,600 |  | 51,182 |  | 42,765 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loan charge-offs | 375 |  | 295 |  | 435 |  | 317 |  | 403 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses to total loans | 1.00% |  | 0.92% |  | 0.85% |  | 0.71% |  | 0.69% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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Allowance for loan losses to total NPLs | 111.02 |  | 89.79 |  | 64.81 |  | 74.77 |  | 68.95 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Allowance for loan losses to total NPAs | 93.29 |  | 77.68 |  | 60.83 |  | 65.29 |  | 63.73 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net charge-offs to average loans (annualized) | 0.13 |  | 0.12 |  | 0.18 |  | 0.13 |  | 0.17 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NPLs to total loans | 0.90 |  | 1.03 |  | 1.13 |  | 0.95 |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NPAs to total assets | 0.67 |  | 0.75 |  | 0.91 |  | 0.69 |  | 0.70 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NPAs to total loans and other real estate | 1.07 |  | 1.19 |  | 1.39 |  | 1.08 |  | 1.08 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AVERAGE BALANCES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $1,766,717 |  | $1,702,902 |  | $1,516,191 |  | $1,503,521 |  | $1,492,852 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, net | 1,140,487 |  | 1,094,299 |  | 974,614 |  | 961,756 |  | 942,356 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | 1,417,724 |  | 1,384,739 |  | 1,293,784 |  | 1,278,987 |  | 1,272,561 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total stockholders’ equity | 139,721 |  | 137,213 |  | 134,304 |  | 130,217 |  | 128,172 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(a) Computed using fully taxable-equivalent net income. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(b) Non-GAAP measure - see “Non-GAAP Reconciliation and Explanation” for more information and reconciliation to GAAP |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Net Interest Income
Net interest income, which is the difference between interest earned on assets and the interest paid on deposits and borrowed funds, is the single largest component of total revenue. Management strives to optimize this income while balancing interest rate, credit and liquidity risks.
The banking industry uses two key ratios to measure relative profitability of net interest income. The net interest spread measures the difference between the average yield on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The interest rate spread eliminates the effect of noninterest-bearing deposits and gives a direct perspective on the effect of market interest rate movements. The net interest margin is an indication of the profitability of a company's balance sheet and is defined as net interest income as a percent of average total interest-earning assets, which includes the positive effect of funding a portion of interest-earning assets with noninterest-bearing deposits and shareholders' equity.
Fully taxable equivalent net interest income for the third quarter of 2020 and 2019 was $15.6 million and $16.2 million, respectively. The net interest spread and net interest margin for the third quarter of 2020 of 3.22% and 3.34% respectively, decreased 18 and 28 basis points, respectively, from the third quarter of 2019. For the first nine months of 2020 and 2019, fully taxable equivalent net interest income was $46.9 million and $44.5 million, respectively. The net interest spread and net interest margin for the first nine months of 2020 were 3.31% and 3.46% , respectively, which decreased 4 and 11 basis points, from the third quarter of 2019, respectively. Despite the growth in our interest earnings assets, our net interest margin and net interest spread are impacted by the downward pressure exerted from lower yielding PPP loans offset by lowering our borrowing costs during the quarter as well as lower interest on the level of deposits on our balance sheets.
The following tables indicate the relationship between interest income and interest expense and the average amounts of assets and liabilities for the periods indicated. As shown in the tables, both average assets and average liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2020 increased compared to the same period in 2019. The increase in average assets was primarily driven by the increase in average loans of $184.3 million, or19.3% and the increase in investment securities of $267.7 million, from the third quarter in 2019, which reflects both organic loan growth, and growth in PPP loans. The increase in average loans was offset by a decrease in average securities of $26.7 million. The increase in average assets for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was funded primarily through an increase in Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility and average customer deposits since the third quarter of 2019 of $147.9 million.
On a tax equivalent basis, net interest income for the third quarters of 2020 and 2019 was $13.9 million and $12.7 million, respectively, which represents an increase of $1.2 million, or 9.4% from the same period in 2019. On a tax equivalent basis, net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $40.3 million and $35.0 million, respectively, which represents an increase of $5.3 million, or 15.2% from the same period in 2019. The higher net interest income is a result of growth in average interest earning assets, which increased $247.9 million, or 18.9%, from $1.3 billion in the third quarter 2019 to $1.6 billion for the third quarter of 2020. The growth in interest earning assets was primarily a result of growth in the loan portfolio through lower-yielding PPP loans which also generated higher balances in our interest-bearing deposits with other banks, of which both offset the intentional shrinking of the investment portfolio.
The yield on total interest-bearing liabilities decreased from 1.23% in the third quarter 2019 to 0.52% in the third quarter of 2020. Deposit costs decreased from 1.06% in the third quarter 2019 to 0.42% in the third quarter 2020. The decrease in
50

deposit costs year over year is partially associated to market driven changes impacting our cost of funds attributable to falling interest rates throughout 2020 and 2019. In March of 2020, the Federal Reserve's Federal Open Market Committee ("FOMC") lowered interest rates twice for a total reduction of 150 basis points in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which was the most aggressive action taken by the FOMC since the financial crisis in 2008.

Table 3 - Average Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis
|  | Three Months Ended September 30,
|  | 2020 |  | 2019
(dollars in thousands) |  | Average Balances |  | Income/ Expense |  | Yields/ Rates |  | Average Balances |  | Income/ Expense |  | Yields/ Rates
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, net of unearned income(1) |  | $ | 1,140,486 |  |  | $ | 13,809 |  |  | 4.80 | % |  | $ | 956,150 |  |  | $ | 13,699 |  |  | 5.68 | %
Investment securities, taxable |  | 339,094 |  |  | 1,644 |  |  | 1.92 |  |  | 391,117 |  |  | 2,328 |  |  | 2.36 |
Investment securities, tax-exempt(2) |  | 26,916 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 1.92 |  |  | 1,615 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 3.19 |
Deposits in banks and short term investments |  | 151,508 |  |  | 52 |  |  | 0.14 |  |  | 43,951 |  |  | 206 |  |  | 1.86 |
Total interest-earning assets |  | 1,658,004 |  |  | 15,635 |  |  | 3.74 |  |  | 1,392,833 |  |  | 16,246 |  |  | 4.63 |
Noninterest-earning assets |  | $ | 108,712 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 99,612 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,766,716 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,492,445 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning demand and savings |  | $ | 793,831 |  |  | $ | 324 |  |  | 0.16 | % |  | $ | 672,633 |  |  | $ | 1,260 |  |  | 0.74 | %
Other time |  | 295,559 |  |  | 820 |  |  | 1.10 |  |  | 379,873 |  |  | 1,555 |  |  | 1.62 |
Total interest-bearing deposits |  | 1,089,390 |  |  | 1,144 |  |  | 0.42 |  |  | 1,052,506 |  |  | 2,815 |  |  | 1.06 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances |  | 28,587 |  |  | 159 |  |  | 2.21 |  |  | 48,565 |  |  | 269 |  |  | 2.20 |
Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility |  | 134,500 |  |  | 118 |  |  | 0.35 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other borrowings |  | 38,289 |  |  | 273 |  |  | 2.83 |  |  | 39,498 |  |  | 458 |  |  | 4.60 |
Total other interest-bearing liabilities |  | 201,376 |  |  | 550 |  |  | 1.08 |  |  | 88,063 |  |  | 727 |  |  | 3.28 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities |  | 1,290,766 |  |  | 1,694 |  |  | 0.52 |  |  | 1,140,569 |  |  | 3,542 |  |  | 1.23 |
Noninterest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand deposits |  | $ | 328,334 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 219,718 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities |  | 7,895 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,987 |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity |  | 139,721 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 128,171 |  |  |  |  |
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 475,950 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 351,876 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 1,766,716 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,492,445 |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate spread |  |  |  |  |  | 3.22 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.40 | %
Net interest income |  |  |  | $ | 13,941 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 12,704 |  |  |
Net interest margin |  |  |  |  |  | 3.34 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.62 | %

(1)The average balance of loans includes the average balance of nonaccrual loans. Income on such loans is recorded and recognized on the cash basis. Includes loans held for sale. Taxable-equivalent adjustments included totaling $66,000 and $45,000 for the three month periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively are included in loans, net of unearned income.
(2)Taxable-equivalent adjustments totaling $27,000 and $3,000 for the three month periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are included in tax-exempt interest on investment securities. The adjustments are based on a federal tax rate of 21% with appropriate reductions for the effect of disallowed interest expense incurred in carrying tax-exempt obligations.
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Table 3 - Average Balance Sheet and Net Interest Analysis
| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2020 |  | 2019
(dollars in thousands) | Average Balances |  | Income/ Expense |  | Yields/ Rates |  | Average Balances |  | Income/ Expense |  | Yields/ Rates
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans, net of unearned income (1) | $ | 1,071,908 |  |  | $ | 40,923 |  |  | 5.09 | % |  | $ | 868,579 |  |  | $ | 36,566 |  |  | 5.61 | %
Investment securities, taxable | 336,446 |  |  | 5,390 |  |  | 2.13 |  |  | 381,200 |  |  | 7,041 |  |  | 2.46 |
Investment securities, tax-exempt(2) | 12,319 |  |  | 184 |  |  | 1.99 |  |  | 1,939 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 3.30 |
Deposits in banks and short term investments | 132,496 |  |  | 384 |  |  | 0.39 |  |  | 53,589 |  |  | 810 |  |  | 2.01 |
Total interest-earning assets | 1,553,169 |  |  | 46,881 |  |  | 4.02 |  |  | 1,305,307 |  |  | 44,465 |  |  | 4.54 |
Noninterest-earning assets | $ | 107,013 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 78,202 |  |  |  |  |
Total assets | $ | 1,660,182 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,383,509 |  |  |  |  |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-earning demand and savings | $ | 762,906 |  |  | $ | 1,667 |  |  | 0.29 | % |  | $ | 620,731 |  |  | $ | 3,234 |  |  | 0.69 | %
Other time | 313,834 |  |  | 3,099 |  |  | 1.32 |  |  | 362,651 |  |  | 4,335 |  |  | 1.59 |
Total interest-bearing deposits | 1,076,740 |  |  | 4,766 |  |  | 0.59 |  |  | 983,382 |  |  | 7,569 |  |  | 1.03 |
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 36,858 |  |  | 626 |  |  | 2.26 |  |  | 43,868 |  |  | 775 |  |  | 2.35 |
Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility | 78,081 |  |  | 205 |  |  | 0.35 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other borrowings | 38,591 |  |  | 962 |  |  | 3.32 |  |  | 32,515 |  |  | 1,127 |  |  | 4.62 |
Total other interest-bearing liabilities | 153,530 |  |  | 1,793 |  |  | 1.56 |  |  | 76,383 |  |  | 1,902 |  |  | 3.32 |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 1,230,270 |  |  | 6,559 |  |  | 0.71 |  |  | 1,059,765 |  |  | 9,471 |  |  | 1.19 |
Noninterest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Demand deposits | 287,038 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 207,328 |  |  |  |  |
Other liabilities | 6,134 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,712 |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity | 136,740 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 112,704 |  |  |  |  |
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 429,912 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 323,744 |  |  |  |  |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ | 1,660,182 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,383,509 |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate spread |  |  |  |  | 3.31 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.35 | %
Net interest income |  |  | $ | 40,322 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 34,994 |  |  |
Net interest margin |  |  |  |  | 3.46 | % |  |  |  |  |  | 3.57 | %

(1)The average balance of loans includes the average balance of nonaccrual loans. Income on such loans is recognized and recorded on the cash basis. Taxable equivalent adjustments included totaling $190,000 and $129,000 for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively are included in loans, net of unearned income.
(2)Taxable-equivalent adjustments totaling $38,000 and $11,000 for nine month periods ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, are included in tax-exempt interest on investment securities. The adjustments are based on a federal tax rate of 21% with appropriate reductions for the effect of disallowed interest expense incurred in carrying tax-exempt obligations.
The following table presents the effect of net interest income for changes in the average outstanding volume amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the rates earned and paid on these assets and liabilities from September 30, 2019 to September 30, 2020.
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Table 4 - Change in Interest Revenue and Expense on a Taxable Equivalent Basis
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
| Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019 Increase (Decrease) Due to Changes in
(dollars in thousands) | Volume |  | Rate |  | Total
Interest-earning assets: |  |  |  |  |
Loans, net of unearned fees | $ | 11,403 |  |  | $ | (7,046) |  |  | $ | 4,357 |
Investment securities, taxable | (1,101) |  |  | (550) |  |  | (1,651) |
Investment securities, tax-exempt | 342 |  |  | (206) |  |  | 136 |
Deposits in banks and short term investments | 1,589 |  |  | (2,015) |  |  | (426) |
Total interest-earning assets (FTE) | 12,233 |  | (9,817) |  | 2,416 |
Interest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Interest-Bearing Demand and Savings Deposits | 987 |  |  | (2,554) |  |  | (1,567) |
Time Deposits | (777) |  |  | (459) |  |  | (1,236) |
Federal Home Loan Bank Advances | (165) |  |  | 16 |  |  | (149) |
Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility | — |  |  | 205 |  |  | 205 |
Other Borrowed Money | 281 |  |  | (446) |  |  | (165) |
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 326 |  |  | (3,238) |  |  | (2,912) |
Increase in net interest income (FTE) | $ | 11,907 |  |  | $ | (6,579) |  |  | $ | 5,328 |

Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses is based on management's evaluation of probable, inherent losses in the loan portfolio and unfunded commitments and the corresponding analysis of the allowance for loan losses at quarter-end. Provision for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $1.1 million and $5.3 million, respectively, compared to $214,000 and $524,000 for the same periods in 2019, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, net loan charge-offs as an annualized percentage of outstanding loans were 0.13% compared to 0.17% for the same period in 2019. The amount of provision expense recorded in each period was the amount required such that the total allowance for loan losses reflected the appropriate balance, in the estimation of management, sufficient to cover probable, inherent loan losses in the loan portfolio. The increase in provision for loan losses in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same periods in 2019 is largely due to the unprecedented economic disruptions and uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. See the section captioned “Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses” elsewhere in this discussion for further analysis of the provision for loan losses.
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Noninterest Income
The following table represents the major components of noninterest income for the periods indicated.

Table 5 - Noninterest Income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Change |  | Nine months ended September 30, |  | Change |
|  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Service charges on deposits |  | 1,316 |  |  | $ | 1,546 |  |  | $ | (230) |  |  | (14.9) | % |  | $ | 3,906 |  |  | $ | 3,997 |  |  | $ | (91) |  |  | (2.3) | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Mortgage fee income |  | 2,616 |  |  | 1,255 |  |  | 1,361 |  |  | 108.4 |  |  | 5,706 |  |  | 1,942 |  |  | 3,764 |  |  | 193.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of SBA loans |  | 748 |  |  | — |  |  | 748 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 1,004 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,004 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gain on sale of securities |  | 716 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 682 |  |  | 2,005.9 |  |  | 1,009 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 910 |  |  | 919.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interchange fee |  | 1,342 |  |  | 1,001 |  |  | 341 |  |  | 34.1 |  |  | 3,624 |  |  | 2,755 |  |  | 869 |  |  | 31.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
BOLI income |  | 237 |  |  | 124 |  |  | 113 |  |  | 91.1 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 405 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 35.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other noninterest income |  | 579 |  |  | 70 |  |  | 509 |  |  | 727.1 |  |  | 1,032 |  |  | 1,152 |  |  | (120) |  |  | (10.4) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total noninterest income |  | $ | 7,554 |  |  | $ | 4,030 |  |  | $ | 3,524 |  |  | 87.44 | % |  | $ | 16,829 |  |  | $ | 10,350 |  |  | $ | 6,479 |  |  | 62.60 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |

During the third quarter of 2020, noninterest income increased $3.5 million compared to the same period in 2019, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, non-interest income increased $6.5 million when compared to the same period in 2019. The reason for this increase is primarily due to increases in mortgage loan fee income and gains on the sale of SBA loans, both of which are new and fully operational lines of business when compared to the same periods in 2019. The increase is also a result of securities that were sold in the third quarter of 2020.
Service charges on deposit accounts. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, service charges decreased $230,000, or 14.9%, compared to the same period in 2019. T he decrease in service charges on deposits is primarily attributed to a $287,000 decrease in overdraft and service charge income during the quarter as a result of continued lower customer spending due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, service charges on deposits decreased $91,000 or 2.3%. The small decrease is primarily attributable to an decrease in service charges income of $311,000, offset by an increase of $198,000 in overdraft and wire transfer fees.
Mortgage Fee Income. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, mortgage fee income was $2.6 million, an increase of $1.4 million, or 108.4%, and $5.7 million, an increase of $3.8 million, or 193.8%, compared to the same periods in 2019, respectively. The increase in mortgage fee income is primarily attributed to the opening of a new mortgage location in LaGrange and the acquisition of the PFB Mortgage division of Planters First Bank, both of which occurred in the first half of 2019. As such, these divisions were fully operational in 2020, increasing the volume of mortgage loans. Furthermore, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, there was an increase in the demand for mortgage rate locks and mortgage closings due to a historically low interest rate environment. The decrease in mortgage rates was partially attributable to the 150 basis point decrease in the national federal funds rate during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gain on Sale of SBA loan s. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, net realized gains on the sale of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans totaled $748,000 and $1.0 million, respectively. Comparatively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 there is no activity as the sale of a portion of SBA loans was initiated during 2020.
Gain on Sale of Securities During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, net gains on the sale of investment securities available for sale totaled $716,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, compared to $34,000 and $99,000 for the same periods in 2019. Proceeds from the sales were primarily used to offset FHLB prepayments and associated prepayment penalties.
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Noninterest Expense
The following table represents the major components of noninterest expense for the periods indicated.

Table 6 - Noninterest Expense |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Three months ended September 30, |  | Change |  | Nine months ended September 30, |  | Change |
| 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Amount |  | Percent |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Amount | Percent |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 9,104 |  |  | $ | 7,186 |  |  | $ | 1,918 |  |  | 26.7 | % |  | $ | 24,331 |  |  | $ | 18,848 |  |  | $ | 5,483 |  | 29.1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Occupancy and equipment | 1,338 |  |  | 1,290 |  |  | 48 |  |  | 3.7 |  |  | 3,972 |  |  | 3,459 |  |  | 513 |  | 14.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Acquisition-related expenses | 207 |  |  | 861 |  |  | (654) |  |  | (76.0) |  |  | 714 |  |  | 2,610 |  |  | (1,896) |  | (72.6) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Information technology expenses | 1,440 |  |  | 1,196 |  |  | 244 |  |  | 20.4 |  |  | 4,135 |  |  | 3,158 |  |  | 977 |  | 30.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Professional fees | 481 |  |  | 558 |  |  | (77) |  |  | (13.8) |  |  | 1,343 |  |  | 1,369 |  |  | (26) |  | (1.9) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Advertising and public relations | 459 |  |  | 677 |  |  | (218) |  |  | (32.2) |  |  | 1,478 |  |  | 1,370 |  |  | 108 |  | 7.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Communications | 212 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 8.2 |  |  | 631 |  |  | 538 |  |  | 93 |  | 17.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Writedown of building | 582 |  |  | — |  |  | 582 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 582 |  |  | — |  |  | 582 |  | 100.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
FHLB prepayment penalty | 925 |  |  | — |  |  | 925 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 925 |  |  | — |  |  | 925 |  | 100.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other noninterest expense | 1,565 |  |  | 1,393 |  |  | 172 |  |  | 12.3 |  |  | 4,827 |  |  | 4,046 |  |  | 781 |  | 19.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total noninterest expense | $ | 16,313 |  |  | $ | 13,357 |  |  | $ | 2,956 |  |  | 22.1 | % |  | $ | 42,938 |  |  | $ | 35,398 |  |  | $ | 7,540 |  | 21.3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2020 totaled $16.3 million, up $3.0 million, or 22.1%, from the same period in 2019. Noninterest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $42.9 million, up $7.5 million, or 21.3% from the same period in 2019. Increases in salaries and employee benefits, insurance expenses, the writedown of the Thomaston branch and an FHLB prepayment penalty accounted for the majority of the increase in noninterest expense, offset by a decrease in acquisition-related expenses.
Salaries and Employee Benefits. Salaries and employee benefits for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 increased $1.9 million, or 26.7%, and $5.5 million, or 29.1%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019. The increase in 2020 is primarily attributable to a full nine months of salaries and benefits related to the addition of several key employees during the first nine months of 2019 as part of the strategic changes that are being made to enhance the Company's profitability in the future.
Other. Other noninterest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 decreased $172,000, or 12.3%, and $781,000, or 19.3%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019. The Company also saw increases in amortization expense of intangibles, loan related and insurance expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same periods in 2019.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $884,000 and $597,000, respectively. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $1.8 million and $1.8 million, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rates were 21% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
Balance Sheet Review
Total assets at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $1.8 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively.
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Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
At September 30, 2020, gross loans outstanding (excluding loans held for sale) were $1.1 billion, an increase of $132.8 million, or 13.7%, compared with $968.8 million at December 31, 2019. The reason for the increase is primarily due to the growth in PPP loan production during the first nine months of 2020, which totaled $137.8 million in gross PPP loans at September 30, 2020. The PPP loans are included in our commercial and industrial loans.
At September 30, 2020, approximately 57.9% of our loans are secured by commercial real estate. The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio.

Table 7 - Loans Outstanding |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Construction, land and land development |  | $ | 128,291 |  |  | $ | 96,097 |
Other commercial real estate |  | 509,992 |  |  | 540,239 |
Total commercial real estate |  | 638,283 |  |  | 636,336 |
Residential real estate |  | 185,118 |  |  | 194,796 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural |  | 254,915 |  |  | 114,360 |
Consumer and other |  | 23,290 |  |  | 23,322 |
Total loans |  | $ | 1,101,606 |  |  | $ | 968,814 |
As a percentage of total loans: |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development |  | 11.6 | % |  | 9.9 | %
Other commercial real estate |  | 46.3 | % |  | 55.8 | %
Total commercial real estate |  | 57.9 | % |  | 65.7 | %
Residential real estate |  | 16.8 | % |  | 20.1 | %
Commercial, financial & agricultural |  | 23.1 | % |  | 11.8 | %
Consumer and other |  | 2.1 | % |  | 2.4 | %
Total loans |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

The Company's risk mitigation processes include an independent loan review designed to evaluate the credit risk in the loan portfolio and to ensure credit grade accuracy. The analysis serves as a tool to assist management in assessing the overall credit quality of the loan portfolio and the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Loans classified as "substandard" are loans which are inadequately protected by the current credit worthiness and paying capacity of the borrower and/or the collateral pledged. These assets exhibit well-defined weaknesses or are showing signs there is a distinct possibility the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These weaknesses may be characterized by past due performance, operating losses and/or questionable collateral values. Loans classified as "doubtful" are those loans that have characteristics similar to substandard loans but have an increased risk of loss. Loans classified as "loss" are those loans which are considered uncollectable and are in the process of being charged off.
The Company regularly monitors the composition of the loan portfolio as part of its evaluation over the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The Company focuses on the following loan categories: (1) construction, land and land development; (2) commercial, financial and agricultural; (3) commercial and farmland real estate; (4) residential real estate; and (5) consumer.
The allowance for loan losses is a reserve established through charges to earnings in the form of a provision for loan losses. The provision for loan losses is based on management’s evaluation of the size and composition of the loan portfolio, the level of non-performing and past-due loans, historical trends of charged off loans and recoveries, prevailing economic conditions and other factors management deems appropriate. The Company’s management has established an allowance for loan losses which it believes is adequate for the probable incurred losses in the loan portfolio. Based on a credit evaluation of the loan portfolio, management presents a quarterly review of the allowance for loan losses to the Company’s Board of Directors, which primarily focuses on risk by evaluating individual loans in certain risk categories. These categories have also been established by management and take the form of loan grades. By grading the loan portfolio in this manner the Company’s
56

management is able to effectively evaluate the portfolio by risk, which management believes is the most effective way to analyze the loan portfolio and thus analyze the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses.
The allowance for loan losses is established by examining (1) the large classified loans, nonaccrual loans and loans considered impaired and evaluating them individually to determine the specific reserve allocation and (2) the remainder of the loan portfolio to allocate a portion of the allowance based on past loss experience and the economic conditions for the particular loan category. The Company also considers other factors such as changes in lending policies and procedures; changes in national, regional and/or local economic and business conditions; changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio; changes in the experience, ability and depth of either the market president or lending staff; changes in the volume and severity of past-due and classified loans; changes in the quality of the loan review system; and other factors management deems appropriate.
The allowance for loan losses was $11.0 million at September 30, 2020 compared to $6.6 million at December 31, 2019, an increase of $4.4 million, or 67.0%. While asset quality remains stable period over period, social and economic disruption in response to the COVID-19 pandemic continue to result in businesses closures and job losses during the third quarter of 2020. As such, additional qualitative measures were incorporated as part of the September 30, 2020 allowance for loan losses calculation which was the primary cause for the increase to the provision for loan losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period 2019.
Additional information about the Company’s allowance for loan losses is provided in Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2020, included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
The following table presents an analysis of the allowance for loan losses as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 8 - Analysis of Allowance for Loan Loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
| Reserve |  | %* |  | Reserve |  | %*
Construction, land and land development | $ | 964 |  |  | 11.6 | % |  | $ | 175 |  |  | 9.9 | %
Other commercial real estate | 5,615 |  |  | 46.3 | % |  | 4,013 |  |  | 55.8 | %
Residential real estate | 1,924 |  |  | 16.8 | % |  | 957 |  |  | 20.1 | %
Commercial, financial, & agricultural | 2,107 |  |  | 23.2 | % |  | 1,314 |  |  | 11.8 | %
Consumer and other | 410 |  |  | 2.1 | % |  | 141 |  |  | 2.4 | %
| $ | 11,020 |  |  | 100 | % |  | $ | 6,600 |  |  | 100 | %

*Percentage represents the loan balance in each category expressed as a percentage of total end of period loans.
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The following table presents a summary of allowance for loan loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Table 9 - Summary of Allowance for Loan Loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019 |  | September 30, 2020 |  | September 30, 2019
Allowance for loan loss - beginning balance |  | $ | 10,289 |  |  | $ | 6,789 |  |  | $ | 6,863 |  |  | $ | 7,277 |
Charge-offs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | 29 |
Other commercial real estate |  | 226 |  |  | — |  |  | 226 |  |  | 119 |
Residential real estate |  | 144 |  |  | 110 |  |  | 159 |  |  | 757 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural |  | 153 |  |  | 225 |  |  | 221 |  |  | 350 |
Consumer and other |  | 36 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 846 |  |  | 432 |
Total loans charged-off |  | 559 |  |  | 588 |  |  | 1,456 |  |  | 1,687 |
Recoveries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development |  | 6 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 61 |
Other commercial real estate |  | 3 |  |  | 142 |  |  | 29 |  |  | 183 |
Residential real estate |  | 120 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 166 |
Commercial, financial, & agricultural |  | 1 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 31 |
Consumer and other |  | 54 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 140 |  |  | 45 |
Total recoveries |  | 184 |  |  | 185 |  |  | 351 |  |  | 486 |
Net charge-offs |  | 375 |  |  | 403 |  |  | 1,105 |  |  | 1,201 |
Provision for loan loss |  | 1,106 |  |  | 214 |  |  | 5,262 |  |  | 524 |
Allowance for loan loss - ending balance |  | $ | 11,020 |  |  | $ | 6,600 |  |  | $ | 11,020 |  |  | $ | 6,600 |
Net charge-offs to average loans (annualized) |  | 0.13 | % |  | 0.17 | % |  | 0.14 | % |  | 0.18 | %
Allowance for loan losses to total loans |  | 1.00 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 0.84 |
Allowance to nonperforming loans |  | 111.02 |  |  | 67.06 |  |  | 111.02 |  |  | 67.06 |

Management believes the allowance for loan losses is adequate to provide for losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2020; provided, however, that with the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the first nine months of 2020 leading to significant market changes, high levels of unemployment and increasing degrees of uncertainty in the U.S. economy, the impact on collectability is not currently known, and it is possible that additional provisions for credit losses could be needed in future periods.
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Nonperforming Assets
Asset quality remained stable during the first nine months of 2020. The continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic will likely have an impact on our asset quality, but it is unknown to what extent at this point. Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more, repossessed personal property and other real estate owned ("OREO"). Pursuant to the provisions of the CARES Act, loans granted payment deferrals related to the COVID-19 pandemic are not reported as past due or placed on nonaccrual status (provided the loans were not past due or on nonaccrual status prior to the deferral), and there were no loans under these terms deemed past due or nonaccrual as of September 30, 2020. Nonaccrual loans totaled $9.9 million at September 30, 2020, an increase of $0.7 million, or 8.1%, from $9.2 million at December 31, 2019. There were no loans contractually past due 90 days or more and still accruing for either period presented. At September 30, 2020, OREO totaled $1.9 million, an increase of $555,000, or 42.0%, compared with $1.3 million at December 31, 2019. The change in OREO is a combination of increased asset additions offset by sales of assets during 2020. At the end of the third quarter 2020, total nonperforming assets as a percent of total assets decreased to 0.67% compared with 0.69% at December 31, 2019. The increase in nonperforming assets was primarily a result of increases in our loan portfolio and the current impaired economic operating environment.
At September 30, 2020, 5.8% of the Company’s loan portfolio, or $63.9 million, is in the hotel sector which we expect to be the most sensitive to the COVID-19 pandemic. While our entire loan portfolio is being continuously assessed, enhanced monitoring for these sectors is ongoing. We are continuously working with these customers to evaluate how the current economic conditions are impacting, and will continue to impact, their business operations.
Generally, loans are placed on non-accrual status if principal or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deems the collectability of the principal and/or interest to be in question, as well as when required by regulatory requirements. Loans to a customer whose financial condition has deteriorated are considered for non-accrual status whether or not the loan is 90 days or more past due. Once interest accruals are discontinued, accrued but uncollected interest is charged to current year operations. Subsequent loan payments made on nonaccrual loans are recorded as a reduction of principal, and interest income is recorded only after principal recovery is reasonably assured. Classification of a loan as nonaccrual does not preclude the ultimate collection of loan principal or interest.
Foreclosed property is initially recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell. If the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, at the time of foreclosure is less than the loan balance, the deficiency is charged against the allowance for loan losses. If the lesser of the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, or the listed selling price, less the costs to sell, of the foreclosed property decreases during the holding period, a valuation allowance is established with a charge with a charge to foreclosed property expense. When the foreclosed property is sold, a gain or loss is recognized on the sale for the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the property.
Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:
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Table 10 - Nonperforming Assets(1) |  |  |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019 |  |
Nonaccrual loans |  | $ | 9,926 |  |  | $ | 9,179 |  |  |
Loans past due 90 days and accruing |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |
Other real estate owned |  | 1,875 |  |  | 1,320 |  |  |
Repossessed assets |  | 11 |  |  | 13 |  |  |
Total nonperforming assets |  | $ | 11,812 |  |  | $ | 10,512 |  |  |
Nonaccrual loans by loan segment |  |  |  |  |  |
Construction, land and land development |  | $ | 79 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  |
Commercial real estate |  | 4,562 |  |  | 3,738 |  |  |
Residential real estate |  | 3,610 |  |  | 3,643 |  |  |
Commercial, financial & agriculture |  | 1,489 |  |  | 1,628 |  |  |
Consumer & other |  | 186 |  |  | 138 |  |  |
Total nonaccrual loans |  | $ | 9,926 |  |  | $ | 9,179 |  |  |
NPAs as a percentage of total loans and OREO |  | 1.07 | % |  | 1.08 | % |  |
NPAs as a percentages of total assets |  | 0.67 | % |  | 0.69 | % |  |
Nonaccrual loans as a percentage of total loans |  | 0.90 | % |  | 0.95 | % |  |

(1) Loans granted payment deferrals related to the COVID-19 pandemic are not reported as past due or placed on nonaccrual status (provided the loans were not past due or on nonaccrual status prior to the deferral), there were no loans under these terms deemed past due or nonaccrual as of September 30, 2020.
The restructuring of a loan is considered a "troubled debt restructuring ("TDR")" if both (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and (ii) the Company has granted the borrower a concession that we would not consider otherwise. At September 30, 2020, TDRs totaled $12.4 million, essentially unchanged from $12.3 million reported December 31, 2019. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all TDRs were performing according to their modified terms and were therefore not considered to be nonperforming assets.
In March 2020, regulatory agencies issued an interagency statement on loan modifications and reporting for financial institutions working with customers affected by the COVID–19 pandemic. The agencies confirmed with the staff of the FASB that short–term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to the COVID–19 pandemic to borrowers who were current prior to any relief, are not to be considered TDRs. As of September 30, 2020, the Company had approximately $12.6 million in loans still under their modified terms. The Company's modification program included payment deferrals, interest only, and other forms of modifications. See Notes 1 and 4 to of our consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2020, included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, for more information regarding accounting treatment of loan modifications as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Deposits
Deposits at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were as follows:

Table 11 - Deposits |  |  |  |
(dollars in thousands) |  |  |  |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Noninterest-bearing deposits |  | $ | 324,135 |  |  | $ | 232,635 |
Interest-bearing deposits |  | 319,498 |  |  | 624,658 |
Savings |  | 485,562 |  |  | 88,970 |
Time, $250,000 and over |  | 39,374 |  |  | 55,677 |
Other time |  | 247,831 |  |  | 291,802 |
Total deposits |  | 1,416,400 |  |  | $ | 1,293,742 |

Total deposits were $1.4 billion and $1.3 billion at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. As of September 30, 2020, 22.9% of total deposits were comprised of noninterest-bearing accounts and 77.1% comprised of interest-bearing deposit accounts, compared to 18.0% and 82.0% as of December 31, 2019, respectively. The growth in our deposits is due primarily to the combination of government stimulus programs, the deferral of the tax payment deadline, PPP loan proceeds retained on deposits by corporate borrowers, and customer expense and savings habits in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
We had $76.0 million and $2.0 million in brokered deposits at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. We use brokered deposits, subject to certain limitations and requirements, as a source of funding to support our asset growth and augment the deposits generated from our branch network, which are our principal source of funding. Our level of brokered deposits varies from time to time depending on competitive interest rate conditions and other factors and tends to increase as a percentage of total deposits when the brokered deposits are less costly than issuing internet certificates of deposit or borrowing from the Federal Home Loan Bank.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company is a party to credit related financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit. Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss is represented by the contractual amount of these commitments. The Company follows the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the borrower. The type of collateral held varies, but may include cash or cash equivalents, unimproved or improved real estate, personal property or other acceptable collateral.
See Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2020, included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, for a table setting forth the financial instruments that were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk and more information regarding our off-balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
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Liquidity
An important part of the Bank's liquidity resides in the asset portion of the balance sheet, which provides liquidity primarily through loan interest and principal repayments and the maturities and sales of securities, as well as the ability to use these assets as collateral for borrowings on a secured basis.
The Bank's main source of liquidity is customer interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing deposit accounts. Liquidity is also available from wholesale funding sources consisting primarily of Federal funds purchased, FHLB advances and brokered deposits. These sources of liquidity are generally short-term in nature and are used as necessary to fund asset growth and meet other short-term liquidity needs.
To plan for contingent sources of funding not satisfied by both local and out-of-market deposit balances, the Company and the Bank have established multiple borrowing sources to augment their funds management. The Company has borrowing capacity through membership of the Federal Home Loan Bank program. The Bank has also established overnight borrowing for Federal Funds purchased through various correspondent banks.
Cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were $148.8 million and $104.1 million, respectively. The increase in cash and cash equivalents since year-end 2019 was largely attributable to the significant increase in deposits, influenced by government stimulus payments and pandemic stay-at-home orders, which reduced spending and increased liquidity of consumers and businesses in these uncertain times, and PPP loan proceeds retained on deposit by corporate borrowers, as well as our own liquidity actions in the first three quarters of 2020. Management believes the various funding sources discussed above are adequate to meet the Company’s liquidity needs in these unsettled times without any material adverse impact on our operating results.
Liquidity management involves the matching of cash flow requirements of customers and the ability of the Company to manage those requirements. These requirements of customers include, but are not limited to, deposits being withdrawn or providing assurance to borrowers that sufficient funds are available to meet their credit needs. We strive to maintain an adequate liquidity position by managing the balances and maturities of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities so that the balance we have in short-term assets at any given time will adequately cover any reasonably anticipated need for funds. Additionally, we maintain relationships with correspondent banks, which could provide funds on short notice, if needed. We have also invested in FHLB stock for the purpose of establishing credit lines with the FHLB. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had $22.5 million and $47.0 million, respectively, of outstanding advances from the FHLB. Based on the values of loans pledged as collateral, we had $416.1 million and $321.4 million of additional borrowing availability with the FHLB at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. In addition, on April 20, 2020, the Company completed a Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (PPPLF) credit arrangement with The Federal Reserve Bank. This line of credit is secured by PPP loans and bears a fixed interest rate of 0.35% with a maturity date equal to the maturity date of the related PPP loans, with the PPP loans maturing either two or five years from the origination date of the PPP loans. An advance of $140.7 million obtained through the PPPLF arrangement was used for funding PPP loans during the second quarter of 2020, subsequently, during the same month during the second quarter 2020, a repayment of $6.2 million was made upon the determination of a final number of PPP loans to be funded. As of September 30, 2020, the outstanding balance totaled $134.5 million, and the Company’s PPP loans and related PPPLF funding had a weighted average life of approximately 2 years.
The Company is a separate entity from the Bank, and as such it must provide for its own liquidity. The Company is responsible for the payment of dividends declared for its common shareholders and payment of interest and principal on any outstanding debt or trust preferred securities. These obligations are met through internal capital resources such as service fees and dividends from the Bank, which are limited by applicable laws and regulations.
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Capital Resources
The Bank is required under federal law to maintain certain minimum capital levels based on ratios of capital to total assets and capital to risk-weighted assets. The required capital ratios are minimums, and the federal banking agencies may determine that a banking organization, based on its size, complexity or risk profile, must maintain a higher level of capital in order to operate in a safe and sound manner. Risks such as concentration of credit risks and the risk arising from non-traditional activities, as well as the institution’s exposure to a decline in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates, and an institution’s ability to manage those risks are important factors that are to be taken into account by the federal banking agencies in assessing an institution’s overall capital adequacy.
In addition, the Bank is participating in the PPP and the PPPLF to fund PPP Loans. In accordance with regulatory guidance, PPP loans pledged as collateral for PPPLF, and PPPLF advances, are excluded from leverage capital ratios. PPP loans will also carry a 0% risk-weight for risk-based capital rules.
The table below summarizes the capital requirements applicable to the Bank in order to be considered “well-capitalized” from a regulatory perspective, as well as the Bank’s capital ratios as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements and was considered to be “well-capitalized” as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. There have been no conditions or events since December 31, 2019 that management believes would change this classification. While the Company believes that it has sufficient capital to withstand an extended economic recession brought about by COVID-19, its reported and regulatory capital ratios could be adversely impacted in future periods.

Table 12 - Capital Ratio Requirements |  |  |  |
|  | Minimum Requirement |  | Well-capitalized¹
Risk-based ratios: |  |  |  |
Common equity tier 1 capital (CET1) |  | 4.5 | % |  | 6.5 | %
Tier 1 capital |  | 6.0 |  |  | 8.0 |
Total capital |  | 8.0 |  |  | 10.0 |
Leverage ratio |  | 4.0 |  |  | 5.0 |
(1) The prompt corrective action provisions are only applicable at the bank level. |  |  |  |

Table 13 - Capital Ratios |  |  |  |
Company |  | September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
CET1 risk-based capital ratio |  | 12.16 | % |  | 10.33 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio |  | 14.29 |  |  | 12.52 |
Total risk-based capital ratio |  | 15.29 |  |  | 13.17 |
Leverage ratio |  | 10.17 |  |  | 8.92 |
Colony Bank |  |  |  |
CET1 risk-based capital ratio |  | 13.35 | % |  | 13.54 | %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio |  | 13.35 |  |  | 13.52 |
Total risk-based capital ratio |  | 14.35 |  |  | 14.19 |
Leverage ratio |  | 9.66 |  |  | 9.77 |

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ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company's primary market risk exposures are credit risk, interest rate risk, and to a lesser degree, liquidity risk. The Bank operates under an Asset Liability Management Policy which is approved by the ALCO, which is a Board committee that meets regularly. The policy outlines limits on interest rate risk in terms of changes in net interest income and changes in the net market values of assets and liabilities over certain changes in interest rate environments. These measurements are made through a simulation model which projects the impact of changes in interest rates on the Bank's assets and liabilities. The policy also outlines responsibility for monitoring interest rate risk and the process for the approval, implementation and monitoring of interest rate risk strategies to achieve the Bank's interest rate risk objectives.
In addition to interest rate risk, the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the related stay-at-home and self-distancing mandates will likely expose us to additional market value risk. Protracted closures, furloughs and lay-offs have curtailed economic activity, and will likely continue to curtail economic activity and could result in lower fair values for collateral in our loan portfolio.
The following table presents our interest sensitivity position at the dates indicated.

Table 14 - Interest Sensitivity |  |  |
| Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income from Base Scenario at
| September 30, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Changes in rates |  |  |
200 basis point increase | 14.23% |  | 3.87%
100 basis point increase | 7.77 |  | 2.54
100 basis point decrease | (2.13) |  | (4.12)

See Part II, Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the year ended December 31, 2019 for additional disclosures related to market and interest rate risk.
ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company has evaluated its disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this report, as required by paragraph (b) of Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 of the Exchange Act. Based on such evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective for ensuring that information the Company is required to disclose in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's senior management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
During the quarter ended September 30, 2020, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 or 15d-15 of the Exchange Act that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1 – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In the ordinary course of business, there are various legal proceedings pending against the Company and the Bank. The aggregate liabilities, if any, arising from such proceedings would not, in the opinion of management, have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position.
ITEM 1A – RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in "Part I - Item IA - Risk Factors” of the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K and "Item 1A. - Risk Factors" of the Company's 2020 Form 10-Qs, which could materially affect its business, financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or future results. Please be aware that these risks may change over time and other risks may prove to be important in the future. In addition, these risks may be heightened by the disruption and uncertainty resulting from COVID-19. New risks may emerge at any time, and we cannot predict such risks or estimate the extent to which they may affect our business, financial condition or results of operations, or the trading price of our securities.
There are no material changes during the period covered by this Report to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company's 2019 Form 10-K and 2020 Form 10-Qs.
ITEM 2 – UNREGISTERED SALE OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
There were no unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock sold during the three-month period ended September 30, 2020.
ITEM 3 – DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 4 – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable
ITEM 5 – OTHER INFORMATION
None
ITEM 6 – EXHIBITS

3.1 Articles of Incorporation, As Amended -filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 0-12436), filed with the Commission on August 4, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws -filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-12436), filed with the Commission on September 18, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
31.1 Certificate of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 Certificate of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes – Oxley Act of 2002
32.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101 Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019; and (vi) Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements*
104 The cover page from Colony Bankcorp’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 (formatted in Inline XBRL and included in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| Colony Bankcorp, Inc.
| /s/ T. Heath Fountain
Date: November 9, 2020 | T. Heath Fountain
| President and Chief Executive Officer
| (Principal Executive Officer)
| /s/ Tracie Youngblood
Date: November 9, 2020 | Tracie Youngblood
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
| (Principal Financial Officer)

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