The following table summarizes activity in the unrealized gain or loss on available for sale securities included in other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.


For the years ended December 31,	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year	$	(1,718,000)	$	5,009,000	$	3,657,000
Unrealized gains (losses) arising during the year	(54,424,000)		(8,492,000)		2,866,000
Reclassification of realized gains during the year	(7,000)		(23,000)		(1,155,000)
Related deferred taxes	11,431,000		1,788,000		(359,000)

Net change	(43,000,000)		(6,727,000)		1,352,000
Balance at end of year	$	(44,718,000)	$	(1,718,000)	$	5,009,000

The reclassification of realized gains is included in the net securities gains line of the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and the tax effect is included in the income tax expense line of the same statement.

The following table summarizes activity in the unrealized loss on securities transferred from available for sale to held to maturity included in other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.


For the years ended December 31,	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year	$	(87,000)	$	(133,000)	$	(182,000)

Amortization of net unrealized gains	29,000		58,000		62,000
Related deferred taxes	(6,000)		(12,000)		(13,000)

Net change	23,000		46,000		49,000
Balance at end of year	$	(64,000)	$	(87,000)	$	(133,000)

The following table represents the effect of the Company's derivative financial instruments included in other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020.


For the years ended December 31,	2022		2021		2020
Balance at beginning of year	$	—	$	(4,932,000)	$	97,000
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedging derivatives arising during the year	689,000		6,243,000		(6,366,000)

Related deferred taxes	(145,000)		(1,311,000)		1,337,000

Net change	544,000		4,932,000		(5,029,000)
Balance at end of year	$	544,000	$	—	$	(4,932,000)

The following table summarizes activity in the unrealized gain or loss on postretirement benefits included in other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020:


For the years ended December 31,	2022		2021		2020
Unrecognized postretirement benefits at beginning of year	$	105,000	$	28,000	$	24,000

Change in unamortized net actuarial gain	212,000		98,000		5,000
Related deferred taxes	(44,000)		(21,000)		(1,000)

Net change	168,000		77,000		4,000
Unrecognized postretirement benefits at end of year	$	273,000	$	105,000	$	28,000

The reclassification of accumulated losses is a component of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 12) and the income tax effect is included in the income tax expense line of the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.