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<!--XBRL document created with Toppan Merrill Bridge  11.0.0.3 -->
<!--Based on XBRL 2.1-->
<!--Created on: 8/5/2025 7:21:57 PM-->
<!--Modified on: 8/5/2025 7:21:57 PM-->
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Current assets:</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash And Cash Equivalents At Carrying Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash and cash equivalents</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents At Carrying Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsAndOtherReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts and other receivables, net</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Prepaid expenses and other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherReceivableAfterAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherReceivableAfterAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherReceivableAfterAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Receivable, after Allowance for Credit Loss, Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherReceivableAfterAllowanceForCreditLossNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Note receivable from affiliate</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marketable Securities, Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marketable securities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Market value, Noncurrent assets</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Method Investments</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at the end of the period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at the beginning of the period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Investment in Kronos Worldwide, Inc.</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Goodwill</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Goodwill</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Assets Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other assets, net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other noncurrent assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Assets noncurrent excluding property plant and equipment.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Assets Noncurrent Excluding Property Plant And Equipment</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="nl_AssetsNoncurrentExcludingPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total other assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNetAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNetAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNetAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNetAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNetAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Property Plant And Equipment Net [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNetAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Property and equipment:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Land" xlink:label="us-gaap_Land" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Land" xlink:to="us-gaap_Land_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Land_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Land</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Land_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Land</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Buildings And Improvements Gross</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Buildings</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Machinery And Equipment Gross</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equipment</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Construction In Progress Gross</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Construction in progress</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Property Plant And Equipment Gross</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Property and equipment, gross</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accumulated Depreciation Depletion And Amortization Property Plant And Equipment</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Less accumulated depreciation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Property Plant And Equipment Net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Property and equipment, net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net property and equipment</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Assets</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liabilities And Stockholders Equity [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liabilities Current [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Current liabilities:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts Payable Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts payable</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LitigationReserveCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationReserveCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LitigationReserveCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LitigationReserveCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationReserveCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation Reserve Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationReserveCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued litigation settlement</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued Liabilities Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued and other current liabilities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued Environmental Loss Contingencies Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued environmental remediation and related costs</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Current liability</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Liabilities Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payables to affiliates</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liabilities Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total current liabilities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Current liabilities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liabilities Noncurrent [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncurrent liabilities:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_LongTermDebtFromAffiliate" xlink:label="nl_LongTermDebtFromAffiliate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_LongTermDebtFromAffiliate" xlink:to="nl_LongTermDebtFromAffiliate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_LongTermDebtFromAffiliate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Portion of the carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties that is payable after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle if longer.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_LongTermDebtFromAffiliate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Long-term debt from affiliate</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued Environmental Loss Contingencies Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued environmental remediation and related costs</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEnvironmentalLossContingenciesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncurrent liability</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities Net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Deferred income taxes</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Pension Plan Liabilities Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPensionPlanLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued pension costs</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Liabilities Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other noncurrent liabilities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liabilities Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total noncurrent liabilities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stockholders Equity Including Portion Attributable To Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stockholders Equity [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">NL stockholders' equity:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Preferred Stock Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Preferred stock</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Common Stock Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Common stock</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Additional Paid In Capital Common Stock</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Additional paid-in capital</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retained Earnings Accumulated Deficit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retained earnings</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss Net Of Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stockholders Equity</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at end of period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at beginning of period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total NL stockholders' equity</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stockholders' equity</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Minority Interest</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stockholders Equity Including Portion Attributable To Noncontrolling Interest</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Ending Balance</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liabilities And Stockholders Equity</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total liabilities and equity</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Commitments And Contingencies</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Commitments and contingencies (Notes 13 and 15)</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Revenue From Contract With Customer Excluding Assessed Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net sales</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net sales</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cost Of Goods And Services Sold</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfGoodsAndServicesSold_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cost of sales</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Gross Profit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Gross margin</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Selling General And Administrative Expense</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Selling, general and administrative expense</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_CorporateExpenseNet" xlink:label="nl_CorporateExpenseNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_CorporateExpenseNet" xlink:to="nl_CorporateExpenseNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_CorporateExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">The aggregate total of income (expenses) of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_CorporateExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Corporate expense, net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="nl_CorporateExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Corporate expenses</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_CorporateExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Corporate expense</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Operating Income Loss</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income from operations</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income from operations</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Loss From Equity Method Investments</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity in earnings of Kronos Worldwide, Inc.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity in earnings (losses) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity in earnings of Kronos</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Nonoperating Income Expense [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other income (expense):</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterestAndDividend" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterestAndDividend" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterestAndDividend_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Investment Income Interest And Dividend</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterestAndDividend_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Interest and dividend income</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marketable Security, Gain (Loss)</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marketable equity securities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marketable equity securities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitExpense_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Pension And Other Postretirement Benefit Expense</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other components of net periodic pension and OPEB cost</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Interest Expense</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseNonoperating_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Interest expense</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Loss From Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes Extraordinary Items Noncontrolling Interest</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Segment profit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income before income taxes</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Tax Expense Benefit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income tax (expense) benefit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income tax expense (benefit)</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Weighted average shares outstanding - basic</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Currency translation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditNetOfTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined benefit pension plans</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">OCI, Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Gain (Loss), after Adjustment and Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marketable debt securities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetOfTax" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetOfTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Comprehensive Income Loss Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Net Of Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other postretirement benefit plans</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total other comprehensive income (loss), net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other comprehensive loss, net of tax</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Comprehensive income</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Statement Equity Components [Axis]</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Component [Domain]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Component</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Common stock</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Additional paid-in capital</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retained earnings</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total accumulated other comprehensive loss</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stock Issued During Period Value New Issues</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Issuance of NL common stock</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash" xlink:to="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends Common Stock Cash</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStockCash_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends paid</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Minority Interest Decrease From Distributions To Noncontrolling Interest Holders</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends paid to noncontrolling interest</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Stockholders Equity Other</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Common Stock Dividends Per Share Cash Paid</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends paid per share</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net Cash Provided By Used In Operating Activities [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash flows from operating activities:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Depreciation Depletion And Amortization</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationDepletionAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Depreciation and amortization</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Deferred Income Tax Expense Benefit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Deferred income taxes</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Method Investment Dividends Or Distributions</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends received from Kronos</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDividendsOrDistributions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends received from Kronos Worldwide, Inc.</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding" xlink:label="nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding" xlink:to="nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined benefit plan net periodic benefit cost greater less than funding.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Net Periodic Benefit Cost Greater Less Than Funding</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostGreaterLessThanFunding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Benefit plan expense greater than cash funding</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_NoncashInterestIncome" xlink:label="nl_NoncashInterestIncome" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_NoncashInterestIncome" xlink:to="nl_NoncashInterestIncome_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_NoncashInterestIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount of noncash interest income.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_NoncashInterestIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncash Interest Income</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_NoncashInterestIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncash interest income</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccretionExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccretionExpense" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccretionExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccretionExpense_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccretionExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accretion Expense</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccretionExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncash interest expense</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Noncash Income Expense</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Operating Capital [Abstract]</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Accounts And Other Receivables</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsAndOtherReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts and other receivables, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Inventories</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Inventories, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Prepaid Deferred Expense And Other Assets</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Prepaid expenses and other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Accounts Payable And Accrued Liabilities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToAffiliates" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToAffiliates" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToAffiliates" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToAffiliates_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToAffiliates_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Due To Affiliates</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToAffiliates_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts with affiliates</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EnvironmentalExpenseAndLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_EnvironmentalExpenseAndLiabilities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EnvironmentalExpenseAndLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_EnvironmentalExpenseAndLiabilities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EnvironmentalExpenseAndLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Environmental Expense And Liabilities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EnvironmentalExpenseAndLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued environmental remediation and related costs</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNoncurrentAssetsAndLiabilitiesNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNoncurrentAssetsAndLiabilitiesNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNoncurrentAssetsAndLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNoncurrentAssetsAndLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNoncurrentAssetsAndLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Increase Decrease In Other Noncurrent Assets And Liabilities Net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherNoncurrentAssetsAndLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other noncurrent assets and liabilities, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net Cash Provided By Used In Operating Activities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net Cash Provided By Used In Investing Activities [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash flows from investing activities:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments To Acquire Property Plant And Equipment</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Capital expenditures</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionOfShorttermInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionOfShorttermInvestments" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionOfShorttermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionOfShorttermInvestments_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionOfShorttermInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Proceeds from Sale, Maturity and Collection of Short-Term Investments</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionOfShorttermInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromInvestmentsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromInvestmentsAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromInvestmentsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromInvestmentsAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromInvestmentsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments For Proceeds From Investments [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromInvestmentsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Note receivable from affiliate:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfAdvanceToAffiliate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfAdvanceToAffiliate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfAdvanceToAffiliate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfAdvanceToAffiliate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfAdvanceToAffiliate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Proceeds From Collection Of Advance To Affiliate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromCollectionOfAdvanceToAffiliate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Collections</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForAdvanceToAffiliate" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForAdvanceToAffiliate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForAdvanceToAffiliate" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForAdvanceToAffiliate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForAdvanceToAffiliate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments for Advance to Affiliate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForAdvanceToAffiliate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Loans</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments for (Proceeds from) Other Investing Activities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForProceedsFromOtherInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net Cash Provided By Used In Investing Activities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net Cash Provided By Used In Financing Activities [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash flows from financing activities:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments Of Dividends Common Stock</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends paid</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsMinorityInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsMinorityInterest" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsMinorityInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsMinorityInterest_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsMinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments Of Dividends Minority Interest</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividendsMinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests in subsidiary</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net Cash Provided By Used In Financing Activities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Net cash used in financing activities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash Cash Equivalents Restricted Cash And Restricted Cash Equivalents Period Increase Decrease Excluding Exchange Rate Effect [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffectAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents - net change from:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash Cash Equivalents Restricted Cash And Restricted Cash Equivalents Period Increase Decrease Excluding Exchange Rate Effect</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Operating, investing and financing activities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash Cash Equivalents Restricted Cash And Restricted Cash Equivalents Including Disposal Group And Discontinued Operations</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at end of period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at beginning of year</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Supplemental disclosures:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract" xlink:label="nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract" xlink:to="nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash paid (Received) [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash paid (Received) [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_CashPaidReceivedAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash paid for:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Interest Paid Net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Interest</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Taxes Paid Net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income taxes, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncash Investing and Financing Items [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Noncash investing activities -</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Capital Expenditures Incurred but Not yet Paid</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Change in accruals for capital expenditures</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Organization and basis of presentation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable" xlink:to="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Significant accounting policies.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Significant Accounting Policies [Table]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Significant Accounting Policies [Table]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems" xlink:to="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Significant accounting policies.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_SignificantAccountingPoliciesLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Organization Consolidation And Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Organization and basis of presentation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentsGeographicalAreasAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentsGeographicalAreasAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SegmentsGeographicalAreasAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_SegmentsGeographicalAreasAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentsGeographicalAreasAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Segment information</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock" xlink:label="nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock" xlink:to="nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">The entire disclosure for business and geographic areas including data and tables.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business And Geographic Information [Text Block]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="nl_BusinessAndGeographicInformationTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Segment information</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts and other receivables, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTable_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Schedule Of Accounts Notes Loans And Financing Receivable [Table]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Schedule Of Accounts Notes Loans And Financing Receivable [Table]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsNotesAndLoansReceivableLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsNotesAndLoansReceivableLineItems" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsNotesAndLoansReceivableLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsNotesAndLoansReceivableLineItems_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsNotesAndLoansReceivableLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsNotesAndLoansReceivableLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts and other receivables, net</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsAndJointVenturesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsAndJointVenturesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxDisclosureTable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_ContranCorporationMember" xlink:to="nl_ContranCorporationMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_ContranCorporationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Contran Corporation.</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_KronosWorldwideIncMember" xlink:label="nl_KronosWorldwideIncMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_KronosWorldwideIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Kronos</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_SegmentDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_SingleReportableSegmentMember" xlink:to="nl_SingleReportableSegmentMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accounts Receivable Gross Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Trade receivables</label>
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    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherReceivablesGrossCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherReceivablesGrossCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherReceivablesGrossCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Receivables Gross Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherReceivablesGrossCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other receivables</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Allowance For Doubtful Accounts Receivable Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Allowance for doubtful accounts</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsNetOfReserves" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsNetOfReserves" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsNetOfReserves" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsNetOfReserves_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsNetOfReserves_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Inventory Raw Materials Net Of Reserves</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsNetOfReserves_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Raw materials</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcessNetOfReserves" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcessNetOfReserves" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcessNetOfReserves" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcessNetOfReserves_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcessNetOfReserves_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Inventory Work In Process Net Of Reserves</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcessNetOfReserves_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Work in process</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Inventory Finished Goods Net Of Reserves</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Finished products</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value By Fair Value Hierarchy Level [Axis]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Hierarchy [Domain]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Level 1</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Financial Instrument [Axis]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Financial Instrument</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Transfers And Servicing Of Financial Instruments Types Of Financial Instruments [Domain]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Financial Instruments</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Securities [Member]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Common stock</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Securities, FV-NI, Cost</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cost or amortized cost, Noncurrent assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on non current marketable securities.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Noncurrent Marketable Securities</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_UnrealizedGainLossOnNoncurrentMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Unrealized gain (loss), net Noncurrent assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Investment Owned Balance Shares</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number of shares owned</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number of shares owned</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Share Price</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Quoted marked price per share</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Quoted market price per share</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Acquisition [Axis]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Acquisition, Acquiree [Domain]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember" xlink:label="nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember" xlink:to="nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Represents information relating to Louisiana Pigment Company (LPC).</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Louisiana Pigment Company [Member]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_LouisianaPigmentCompanyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Louisiana Pigment Company</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentQuotedMarketValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentQuotedMarketValue" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentQuotedMarketValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentQuotedMarketValue_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentQuotedMarketValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity Method Investment Quoted Market Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentQuotedMarketValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Aggregate market value</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Acquisition, Percentage of Voting Interests Acquired</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionPercentageOfVotingInterestsAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of voting interests acquired</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireePercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireePercentage" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireePercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireePercentage_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Step Acquisition, Equity Interest in Acquiree, Percentage</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity interest in acquiree percentage</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments to acquire businesses gross</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Liability</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business combination contingent consideration liability</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod" xlink:to="nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">The period during which the earnout performance criteria of the acquiree is measured for the potential payment of contingent consideration, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Earn-Out Period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationEarnOutPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business combination contingent consideration earn-out period</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred, Liabilities Incurred</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredLiabilitiesIncurred_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Estimated fair value of the earn-out</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax" xlink:to="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">In a business combination achieved in stages, this element represents the amount of gain before tax recognized by the entity as a result of remeasuring to fair value the equity interest in the acquiree it held before the business combination.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Step Acquisition, Equity Interest in Acquiree, Remeasurement Gain Before Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeRemeasurementGainBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Non-cash gain before tax associated with remeasurement</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeFairValue1" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeFairValue1" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeFairValue1" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeFairValue1_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeFairValue1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Step Acquisition, Equity Interest in Acquiree, Fair Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeFairValue1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Estimated fair value of existing ownership</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Carrying value  at acquisition-date of the equity interest in the acquiree held by the acquirer, immediately before the acquisition date for businesses combined in stages.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Business Combination, Step Acquisition, Equity Interest In Acquiree, At Carrying Value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_BusinessCombinationStepAcquisitionEquityInterestInAcquireeAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Aggregate carrying value</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retirement Plan Type [Axis]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retirement Plan Type</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retirement Plan Type [Domain]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Retirement Plan Type</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionPlansDefinedBenefitMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Pension Plans</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Comprehensive Income Loss Before Tax Period Increase Decrease [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTaxPeriodIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Equity in Kronos' other comprehensive income (loss):</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Comprehensive Income Loss Foreign Currency Transaction And Translation Adjustment Before Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Currency translation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Comprehensive Income Loss Pension And Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Adjustment Before Tax</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined benefit pension plans</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Consolidation Items [Axis]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidationItemsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Consolidation Items [Domain]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ReportableLegalEntitiesMember" xlink:label="srt_ReportableLegalEntitiesMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ReportableLegalEntitiesMember" xlink:to="srt_ReportableLegalEntitiesMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ReportableLegalEntitiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Reportable Legal Entities [Member]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="srt_ReportableLegalEntitiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Reportable Legal Entities</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Long Term Debt</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Long-term debt</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssetsForPlanBenefitsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssetsForPlanBenefitsNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssetsForPlanBenefitsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssetsForPlanBenefitsNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssetsForPlanBenefitsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Assets For Plan Benefits Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAssetsForPlanBenefitsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Pension asset</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsMiscellaneousNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsMiscellaneousNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsMiscellaneousNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsMiscellaneousNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsMiscellaneousNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Assets Miscellaneous Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsMiscellaneousNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssets" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssets_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Assets</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedEmployeeBenefitsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEmployeeBenefitsCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedEmployeeBenefitsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedEmployeeBenefitsCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEmployeeBenefitsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrued Employee Benefits Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedEmployeeBenefitsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Employee benefits</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Accrued Liabilities, Current</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_NLKWHoldingLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember" xlink:label="nl_NLKWHoldingLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_NLKWHoldingLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember" xlink:to="nl_NLKWHoldingLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_NLKWHoldingLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">NLKW Holding, LLC.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_NLKWHoldingLimitedLiabilityCompanyMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">NLKW Holding, LLC</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Line Of Credit Facility [Axis]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Lender Name</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Line Of Credit Facility Lender [Domain]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Line of Credit Facility, Lender</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_ValhiMember" xlink:label="nl_ValhiMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_ValhiMember" xlink:to="nl_ValhiMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_ValhiMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Valhi.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_ValhiMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Valhi</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt Instrument [Axis]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt Instrument</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt Instrument Name [Domain]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentNameDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt Instrument, Name</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_ValhiCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="nl_ValhiCreditFacilityMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_ValhiCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="nl_ValhiCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_ValhiCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Valhi credit facility.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_ValhiCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Valhi Credit Facility</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Line Of Credit Facility Maximum Borrowing Capacity</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Maximum borrowing under credit facility</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Proceeds From Repayments Of Lines Of Credit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Borrowings or repayments under revolving credit facility</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Line Of Credit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Outstanding borrowing</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Line Of Credit Facility Remaining Borrowing Capacity</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount available for future borrowing under revolving credit facility</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentDescriptionOfVariableRateBasis" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentDescriptionOfVariableRateBasis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentDescriptionOfVariableRateBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentDescriptionOfVariableRateBasis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentDescriptionOfVariableRateBasis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt Instrument Description Of Variable Rate Basis</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentDescriptionOfVariableRateBasis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt instrument, description of variable rate basis</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt Instrument Basis Spread On Variable Rate1</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentBasisSpreadOnVariableRate1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Variable rate basis spread above reference rate</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongtermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongtermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Longterm Debt Weighted Average Interest Rate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongtermDebtWeightedAverageInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Debt instrument average interest rate</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilityForUncertainTaxPositionsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilityForUncertainTaxPositionsNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilityForUncertainTaxPositionsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilityForUncertainTaxPositionsNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilityForUncertainTaxPositionsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Liability For Uncertain Tax Positions Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilityForUncertainTaxPositionsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Reserve for uncertain tax positions</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementAndPostemploymentBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementAndPostemploymentBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementAndPostemploymentBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementAndPostemploymentBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementAndPostemploymentBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Pension And Other Postretirement And Postemployment Benefit Plans Liabilities Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementAndPostemploymentBenefitPlansLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">OPEB</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SelfInsuranceReserveNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_SelfInsuranceReserveNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SelfInsuranceReserveNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_SelfInsuranceReserveNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherSundryLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherSundryLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherSundryLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherSundryLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherSundryLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Sundry Liabilities Noncurrent</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherSundryLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_SecurityProductsMember" xlink:label="nl_SecurityProductsMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_SecurityProductsMember" xlink:to="nl_SecurityProductsMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_SecurityProductsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Security products.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_SecurityProductsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Security Products</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_MarineComponentsMember" xlink:label="nl_MarineComponentsMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_MarineComponentsMember" xlink:to="nl_MarineComponentsMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_MarineComponentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marine components.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_MarineComponentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Marine Components</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Interest Cost</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanInterestCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Interest cost</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostCreditExcludingServiceCostStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostCreditExcludingServiceCostStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostCreditExcludingServiceCostStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostCreditExcludingServiceCostStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCostCreditExcludingServiceCostStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit) Excluding Service Cost, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Expected Return On Plan Assets</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedReturnOnPlanAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Expected return on plan assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Amortization Of Gains Losses</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanAmortizationOfGainsLosses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Recognized actuarial losses</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Net Periodic Benefit Cost</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Benefit Obligation</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanBenefitObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Plan benefit obligation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Fair Value Of Plan Assets</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFairValueOfPlanAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair value of plan assets</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsCurrentFiscalYear" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsCurrentFiscalYear" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsCurrentFiscalYear" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsCurrentFiscalYear_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsCurrentFiscalYear_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Defined Benefit Plan Expected Future Employer Contributions Current Fiscal Year</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanExpectedFutureEmployerContributionsCurrentFiscalYear_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Expected contribution during 2025</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Tax Reconciliation Income Tax Expense Benefit At Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Expected tax expense, at U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21%</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationEquityInEarningsLossesOfUnconsolidatedSubsidiary" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationEquityInEarningsLossesOfUnconsolidatedSubsidiary" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationEquityInEarningsLossesOfUnconsolidatedSubsidiary" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationEquityInEarningsLossesOfUnconsolidatedSubsidiary_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationEquityInEarningsLossesOfUnconsolidatedSubsidiary_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Tax Reconciliation Equity In Earnings Losses Of Unconsolidated Subsidiary</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationEquityInEarningsLossesOfUnconsolidatedSubsidiary_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Rate differences on equity in earnings of Kronos, net of dividends</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet" xlink:to="nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income tax reconciliation state income taxes and other net.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Tax Reconciliation State Income Taxes And Other Net</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxReconciliationStateIncomeTaxesAndOtherNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">U.S. state income taxes and other, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable" xlink:to="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure income taxes component of income taxes expenses parenthetical detail.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure Income Taxes Component Of Income Taxes Expenses Parenthetical Detail [Table]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure Income Taxes Component Of Income Taxes Expenses Parenthetical Detail [Table]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailLineItems" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailLineItems" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure income taxes component of income taxes expenses parenthetical detail.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure Income Taxes Component Of Income Taxes Expenses Parenthetical Detail [Line Items]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureIncomeTaxesComponentOfIncomeTaxesExpensesParentheticalDetailLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure Income Taxes Component Of Income Taxes Expenses Parenthetical Detail [Line Items]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_DisclosureOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectsAllocatedToComponentOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectsAllocatedToComponentOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectsAllocatedToComponentOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure Other Comprehensive Income Loss Tax Effects Allocated To Component Of Other Comprehensive Income Loss.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectsAllocatedToComponentOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Disclosure Other Comprehensive Income Loss Tax Effects Allocated To Component Of Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_DisclosureOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxEffectsAllocatedToComponentOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Comprehensive provision (benefit) for income taxes allocable to:</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_IncomeTaxesBenefitAllocableToAdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxesBenefitAllocableToAdditionalPaidInCapital" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxesBenefitAllocableToAdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income taxes benefit allocable to additional paid in capital.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxesBenefitAllocableToAdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Taxes Benefit Allocable To Additional Paid In Capital</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_IncomeTaxesBenefitAllocableToAdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Additional paid-in capital</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxAbstract_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Comprehensive Income Loss Tax [Abstract]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other comprehensive income (loss):</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation" xlink:to="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Calculation tax related to currency translation.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Calculation Of Tax Related To Currency Translation</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToCurrencyTranslation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Currency translation</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans" xlink:to="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Calculation of tax related to pension plans</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Calculation of tax related to pension plans</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_CalculationOfTaxRelatedToPensionPlans_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Pension plans</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther" xlink:to="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount of tax expense (benefit) other.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other Comprehensive Income Loss Tax Expense (Benefit), Other</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="nl_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTaxExpenseBenefitOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation" xlink:label="nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation" xlink:to="nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount of provision (benefit) for income taxes
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Provision (Benefit) of Income Tax Allocation</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="nl_ProvisionBenefitOfIncomeTaxAllocation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Total</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Tax Authority [Axis]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Income Tax Authority</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Foreign Tax Jurisdiction [Member]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Foreign country</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Subsequent Event Type [Domain]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Subsequent Event [Member]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Subsequent Event</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Range [Axis]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Statistical Measurement</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeMember" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeMember" xlink:to="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Range [Member]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Statistical Measurement</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Minimum</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Maximum</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Maximum</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate" xlink:to="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) before change in the enacted rate.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Effective Income Tax Rate, Before Change In Enacted Rate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateBeforeChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of before current income tax expense (benefit)</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage" xlink:to="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of reduction in enacted tax rate for each year.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Effective Income Tax Rate, Reduction In Enacted Tax Rate For Each Year, Percentage</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReductionInEnactedTaxRateForEachYearPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of reduction in enacted tax rate</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate" xlink:to="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) after change in the enacted rate.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Effective Income Tax Rate, After Change In Enacted Rate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateAfterChangeInEnactedRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Percentage of after current income tax expense (benefit)</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Deferred Foreign Income Tax Expense Benefit</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Non-cash deferred income tax expense</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation At Federal Statutory Income Tax Rate</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">U.S. federal statutory income tax rate (in %)</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeOtherAdjustmentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Line Items]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Other comprehensive income (loss)</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingencies" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrual For Environmental Loss Contingencies</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at the end of the period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Balance at the beginning of the period</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrual for reasonably estimable environmental remediation and related matters</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesProvisionForNewLossesAndIncreasesForRevisionInEstimatesChargedToExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrual For Environmental Loss Contingencies Provision For New Losses And Increases For Revision In Estimates Charged To Expense</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesPayments1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Payments, net</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesAbstract" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_LitigationCaseAxis" xlink:label="srt_LitigationCaseAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_LitigationCaseAxis" xlink:to="srt_LitigationCaseAxis_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_LeadPigmentLitigationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Lead Pigment Litigation</label>
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EnvironmentalExitCostByPropertyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_EnvironmentalExitCostByPropertyAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_EnvironmentalRemediationSitesNLNamedAsPRPOrDefendantMember" xlink:label="nl_EnvironmentalRemediationSitesNLNamedAsPRPOrDefendantMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_RemainingLitigationSettlementPaymentDueInYearOne" xlink:label="nl_RemainingLitigationSettlementPaymentDueInYearOne" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number of environmental remediation sites with reasonably estimable costs.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number Of Environmental Remediation Sites With Reasonably Estimable Costs</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number of sites associated with remediation and related costs</label>
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Loss Contingency Estimate Of Possible Loss</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Upper end range, estimate costs for remediation and related matters</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty" xlink:to="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation Settlement Amount Awarded To Other Party</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedToOtherParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation settlement amount</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable" xlink:label="nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable" xlink:to="nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount payable under settlement of litigation or for other legal issues.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation Settlement, Amount Payable</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_LitigationSettlementAmountPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation settlement amount payable</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LitigationSettlementInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementInterest" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementInterest_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation Settlement Interest</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation settlement interest</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedFromOtherParty" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedFromOtherParty" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedFromOtherParty" xlink:to="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedFromOtherParty_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedFromOtherParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation Settlement Amount Awarded From Other Party</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LitigationSettlementAmountAwardedFromOtherParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Litigation settlement from other party</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain" xlink:label="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain" xlink:to="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Amount of income for release of environmental loss contingencies.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Accrual For Environmental Loss Contingencies, Gain</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_AccrualForEnvironmentalLossContingenciesGain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Aggregate income</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts" xlink:to="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number of environmental remediation sites without reasonably estimable costs.</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number Of Environmental Remediation Sites Without Reasonably Estimable Costs</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_NumberOfEnvironmentalRemediationSitesWithoutReasonablyEstimableCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Number of sites currently not able to reasonably estimate a range of costs</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureOfAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureOfAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueTable" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureOfAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value Disclosure of Asset and Liability Not Measured at Fair Value [Table]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementBasisAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementBasisAxis" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PortionAtFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_PortionAtFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PortionAtFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Portion At Fair Value Fair Value Disclosure [Member]</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureItemAmountsDomain" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureItemAmountsDomain" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureItemAmountsDomain" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureItemAmountsDomain_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureItemAmountsDomain_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value Measurement</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember_lbl" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Carrying amount</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CarryingReportedAmountFairValueDisclosureMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Carrying amount</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair value</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EstimateOfFairValueFairValueDisclosureMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair value</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueLineItems" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Fair Value Disclosure, Asset and Liability, Not Measured at Fair Value [Line Items]</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosureAssetAndLiabilityNotMeasuredAtFairValueLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Financial instruments</label>
    <loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="nl-20250630.xsd#nl_CashAndEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndEquivalentsCurrentAndNoncurrentFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="nl_CashAndEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndEquivalentsCurrentAndNoncurrentFairValueDisclosure" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" />
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    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="nl_CashAndEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndEquivalentsCurrentAndNoncurrentFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash And Equivalents And Restricted Cash And Equivalents Current And Noncurrent Fair Value Disclosure</label>
    <label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="nl_CashAndEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndEquivalentsCurrentAndNoncurrentFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xml:lang="en-US" xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase">Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash</label>
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