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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Dec. 29, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”). The Tax Act makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code that will affect our fiscal year ending June 29, 2018, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate, (2) requiring a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries that is payable over eight years, and (3) elimination of the corporate Alternative Minimum Tax (“AMT”). The Tax Act reduces the federal corporate tax rate to 21.0% in the fiscal year ending June 29, 2018. Section 15 of the Internal Revenue Code stipulates that our fiscal year ending June 29, 2018 will have a blended corporate tax rate of 28.1%, which is based on the applicable tax rates before and after the Tax Act and the number of days in the year.
Our effective tax rate varies from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 28.1% due to results of foreign operations that are subject to income taxes at different statutory rates, certain jurisdictions where we cannot recognize tax benefits on current losses, tax benefit from a foreign tax refund and release of valuation allowance. During interim periods, we accrue tax expenses for jurisdictions that are anticipated to be profitable for fiscal 2018.
The determination of our tax benefit for the first six months of fiscal 2018 and 2017 was based on our estimated annual effective tax rate adjusted for losses in certain jurisdictions for which no tax benefit can be recognized. The tax benefit for the first six months of fiscal 2018 was primarily attributable to the foreign tax refunds received from the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (“IRAS”) and release of valuation allowance related to the refundable AMT credit as provided under the Tax Act, offset by tax expense related to profitable subsidiaries. The tax benefit for the first six months of fiscal 2017 was primarily attributable to the foreign tax refund received from the IRAS, offset by the tax expense related to profitable subsidiaries.
During the fiscal year 2014, we received an assessment letter from IRAS related to deductions claimed in prior years and made a payment of $13.2 million related to tax years 2007 through 2010, reflecting all the taxes incrementally assessed by IRAS. Since the initial assessment, we continued to challenge this assessment. During the first quarter of fiscal 2017, we received an initial refund of $3.7 million from IRAS. During the first quarter of fiscal 2018, we received an additional refund of $1.3 million from IRAS which represents a final settlement. These refunds were recorded as a discrete tax benefit during the quarter the respective payment was received. During the second quarter of fiscal 2018, we recorded a valuation allowance release of $3.3 million related to refundable AMT credit under the Tax Act as a discrete benefit and recorded as a long-term receivable in our Other Assets in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. Under the Tax Act, any carryforward AMT tax credits can be refunded if not fully utilized by fiscal year 2022. We expect to receive the refund of this tax benefit starting in our fiscal year 2020.
We have a number of years with open tax audits which vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Our major tax jurisdictions include the U.S., Singapore, Nigeria and the Ivory Coast. The earliest years that are open and subject to potential audits for these jurisdictions are as follows: U.S. — 2003; Singapore — 2011; Nigeria — 2011, and Ivory Coast — 2016.
We account for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as part of our provision for federal, foreign and state income taxes. Such interest expense was not material for the three and six months ended December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016.
The SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act.
In connection with our initial analysis of the impact of the Tax Act, we have recorded a discrete net tax benefit of $3.3 million in the period ended December 29, 2017. This net benefit relates to a valuation allowance release of refundable AMT credit. For various reasons that are discussed more fully below, we have not fully completed our accounting for the income tax effects of certain elements of the Tax Act. If we were able to make reasonable estimates of the effects of elements for which our analysis is not yet complete, we recorded provisional adjustments. If we were not yet able to make reasonable estimates of the impact of certain elements, we have not recorded any adjustments related to those elements and have continued accounting for them in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of the tax laws in effect before the Tax Act.
Our accounting for the following elements of the Tax Act is incomplete. However, we were able to make reasonable estimates of certain effects and, therefore, recorded provisional adjustments as follows:
Reduction of U.S. Federal Corporate Tax Rate: The Tax Act reduces the corporate tax rate to 21.0%, effective January 1, 2018. For certain deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities, we have recorded a provisional decrease of $53.8 million, respectively, with a corresponding net adjustment to valuation allowance of $53.8 million for the period ended December 29, 2017. While we are able to make a reasonable estimate of the impact of the reduction in corporate rate, it may be affected by other analyses related to the Tax Act, including, but not limited to, our calculation of deemed repatriation of deferred foreign income and the state tax effect of adjustments made to federal temporary differences.
Deemed Repatriation Transition Tax: The Deemed Repatriation Transition Tax (“Transition Tax”) is a tax on previously untaxed accumulated and current earnings and profits (“E&P”) of certain foreign subsidiaries. To determine the amount of the Transition Tax, we must determine, in addition to other factors, the amount of post-1986 E&P of the relevant subsidiaries, as well as the amount of non-U.S. income taxes paid on such earnings. We are able to make a reasonable estimate of the Transition Tax and currently do not believe we will be charged this tax, due to preliminary calculations of net negative E&P for our foreign subsidiaries subjected to this tax. However, we are continuing to gather additional information to more precisely compute the amount of the Transition Tax.
Our accounting for the following elements of the Tax Act is incomplete, and we were not yet able to make reasonable estimates of the effects. Therefore, no provisional adjustments were recorded.
Global Intangible Low Taxed Income (“GILTI”): The Tax Act creates a new requirement that certain income (i.e., GILTI) earned by controlled foreign corporations (“CFCs”) must be included currently in the gross income of the CFCs’ U.S. shareholder. GILTI is the excess of the shareholder’s “net CFC tested income” over the net deemed tangible income return, which is currently defined as the excess of, (1) 10.0% of the aggregate of the U.S. shareholder’s pro-rata share of the qualified business asset investment of each CFC with respect to which it is a U.S. shareholder, (2) the amount of certain interest expense taken into account in the determination of net CFC-tested income.
Because of the complexity of the new GILTI tax rules, we are continuing to evaluate this provision of the Tax Act and the application of ASC 740. Under U.S. GAAP, we are allowed to make an accounting policy choice of either, (1) treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”) or, (2) factoring such amounts into a company’s measurement of its deferred taxed (the “deferred method”). Our selection of an accounting policy with respect to the new GILTI tax rules will depend, in part, on analyzing our global income to determine whether we expect to have future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI and, if so, what the impact is expected to be. Because whether we expect to have future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI depends on not only our current structure and estimated future results of global operations but also our intent and ability to modify our structure and/or our business, we are not yet able to reasonably estimate the effect of this provision of the Tax Act. Therefore, we have not made any adjustments related to the potential GILTI tax in our financial statements and have not made a policy decision regarding whether to record deferred taxes on GILTI.
Valuation Allowances: The company must assess whether valuation allowances assessments are affected by various aspects of the Tax Act (e.g., deemed repatriation of deferred foreign income, GILTI inclusions, new categories of FTCs, AMT repeal). During the second quarter of fiscal 2018, we recorded a valuation allowance release of $3.3 million related to refundable AMT credit under the Tax Act as a discrete benefit. Under the Tax Act, any carryforward AMT tax credits can be refunded if not fully utilized by fiscal year 2022.