dennyswtada17.jpg

DENNY’S CORPORATION REPORTS RESULTS FOR FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2021


SPARTANBURG, S.C., February 15, 2022 - Denny’s Corporation (NASDAQ: DENN), franchisor and operator of one of America's largest franchised full-service restaurant chains, today reported results for its fourth quarter and full year ended December 29, 2021 and provided a business update on the Company’s operations.

John Miller, Chief Executive Officer, stated, "We have entered 2022 with a sense of renewed energy and excitement as several of our recently announced transformational brand initiatives are progressing. While the spread of the Omicron variant has caused some near-term volatility, our progress through the recovery curve validates our confidence for the ongoing success of this brand. Our dedicated franchisees and team continue to deliver a great experience to our guests in addition to sharing in our long-term vision to further propel this iconic brand forward."

Fourth Quarter 2021 Highlights

Total operating revenue increased 34.4% to $107.6 million, primarily due to the COVID-19 recovery as compared to the prior year quarter.
Domestic system-wide same-store sales** increased 0.7% compared to the equivalent fiscal period in 2019, including a 0.4% increase at domestic franchised restaurants and a 5.1% increase at company restaurants.
Domestic system-wide same-store sales** increased 49.0% compared to the equivalent fiscal period in 2020.
Opened seven franchised restaurants, including one international location.
Completed seven remodels, including four franchised restaurants.
Operating income (loss) was $62.6 million compared to ($1.1) million in the prior year quarter.
Franchise Operating Margin* was $31.1 million, or 51.6% of franchise and license revenue, and Company Restaurant Operating Margin* was $7.0 million, or 14.8% of company restaurant sales.
Net income was $43.5 million, or $0.67 per diluted share.
Adjusted Net Income* and Adjusted Net Income Per Share* were $10.5 million and $0.16, respectively.
Adjusted EBITDA* was $24.1 million compared to $8.0 million in the prior year quarter.
Cash provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing activities was $12.9 million, $31.9 million, and ($24.4) million, respectively.
Adjusted Free Cash Flow* was $3.4 million compared to $2.1 million in the prior year quarter.






1


Full Year 2021 Highlights

Total operating revenue increased 38.0% to $398.2 million, primarily due to the COVID-19 recovery as compared to the prior year.
Domestic system-wide same-store sales** decreased 4.7% compared to 2019, including decreases of 4.8% at domestic franchised restaurants and 3.5% at company restaurants.
Domestic system-wide same-store sales** increased 41.1% compared to 2020.
Opened 20 franchised restaurants, including eight international locations.
Completed nine remodels, including five franchised restaurants.
Operating income was $104.1 million compared to $6.7 million in the prior year.
Franchise Operating Margin* was $114.0 million, or 51.1% of franchise and license revenue, and Company Restaurant Operating Margin* was $28.1 million, or 16.0% of company restaurant sales.
Net income was $78.1 million, or $1.19 per diluted share.
Adjusted Net Income* and Adjusted Net Income Per Share* were $33.1 million and $0.50, respectively.
Adjusted EBITDA* was $85.6 million compared to $26.6 million in the prior year.
Cash provided by (used in) operating, investing, and financing activities was $76.2 million, $29.0 million, and ($78.5) million, respectively.
Adjusted Free Cash Flow* was $40.8 million compared to $1.6 million in the prior year.

2021 Sales and Operating Hours

During the fourth quarter, October and November domestic system-wide same-store sales** returned to above pre-pandemic levels, with sales softening in December due to both holiday shifts and the increase in Omicron variant cases. The domestic system experienced improvement in restaurants operating 24/7 from the end of the third quarter to the end of the fourth quarter; however, labor availability continues to challenge effective operating hours.

In an effort to provide greater transparency due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Denny's is providing the following tables that present monthly results for 2021:


Domestic System-Wide Same-Store Sales** Compared to 2019 Fiscal Periods
Fiscal Year 2021: (5%)
Q1: (20%)Q2: (1%)Q3: (0%)Q4: 1%
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
System(31%)(25%)(9%)(2%)(3%)1%3%(2%)(1%)1%4%(2%)
24/7 Units(20%)(16%)2%11%11%14%15%9%9%10%13%7%
Limited Hour Units(38%)(32%)(16%)(11%)(12%)(8%)(7%)(10%)(10%)(9%)(6%)(11%)
    


Domestic Units Hours of Operations
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
24/7 Hours35%35%38%38%37%38%39%40%42%45%46%48%
18 - 23 Hours10%12%14%14%16%16%17%18%20%26%24%24%
< than 18 Hours55%53%48%48%47%46%44%42%38%29%30%28%
2


Fourth Quarter Results

Denny’s total operating revenue increased 34.4% to $107.6 million compared to $80.1 million in the prior year quarter. Franchise and license revenue was $60.2 million compared to $47.2 million in the prior year quarter. Company restaurant sales were $47.4 million compared to $32.9 million in the prior year quarter. These changes were primarily due to dine-in restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the prior year quarter.

Franchise Operating Margin* was $31.1 million, or 51.6% of franchise and license revenue, compared to $21.4 million, or 45.2%, in the prior year quarter. This margin increase was primarily due to the improvement in sales performance at franchised restaurants.

Company Restaurant Operating Margin* was $7.0 million, or 14.8% of company restaurant sales, compared to $1.4 million, or 4.3%, in the prior year quarter. This margin increase was primarily due to the improvement in sales performance at company restaurants.

Total general and administrative expenses were $17.7 million, compared to $20.5 million in the prior year quarter. This change was primarily due to decreases in performance-based incentive compensation, share-based compensation expense and market valuation changes in the Company's deferred compensation plan liabilities compared to the prior year quarter. These decreases were partially offset by prior year quarter benefits of approximately $1.0 million in tax credits related to the CARES Act in addition to temporary cost reductions.

The provision for (benefit from) income taxes was $15.0 million, reflecting an effective tax rate of 25.7%, compared to ($0.1) million in the prior year quarter. Approximately $4.3 million in cash taxes were paid during the quarter.

Net income was $43.5 million, or $0.67 per diluted share, compared to $2.4 million, or $0.04 per diluted share, in the prior year quarter. This change in net income was primarily related to the sale of two parcels of real estate in the current year quarter. Adjusted Net Income (Loss)* per share was $0.16 compared to ($0.05) in the prior year quarter.

Denny’s ended the quarter with $182.7 million of total debt outstanding, including $170.0 million of borrowings under its credit facility.

Adjusted Free Cash Flow* and Capital Allocation

Denny’s generated $3.4 million of Adjusted Free Cash Flow* after investing $12.4 million in cash capital expenditures. The Company sold two parcels of real estate for approximately $49 million in December 2021 and approximately $10.4 million of those proceeds were used to acquire three parcels of real estate through a like-kind exchange transaction which is included in the Company's cash capital expenditures along with maintenance and remodel capital. The proceeds from these sales are excluded from Adjusted Free Cash Flow*.

In the fourth quarter, the Company allocated $24.0 million to share repurchases, resulting in $30.6 million allocated to share repurchases for the full year. Between the end of the fourth quarter and February 11, 2022, the Company allocated an additional $10.7 million to share repurchases resulting in approximately $207 million remaining under its existing repurchase authorization.





3


Strategic Brand Initiatives

The Company has recently begun implementing new strategic brand initiatives:

The Company is progressing on its rollout of a new cloud-based restaurant technology platform and starting a new kitchen modernization initiative across the domestic system which is expected to enhance the guest experience and drive operational efficiencies.
The Company has extended its remodel cycle from seven years to eight years and has rationalized the due dates to more equally distribute franchisee capital investments over this next remodel cycle.
The Company has entered into a new development agreement with Reef Technology, the ghost-kitchen operator, that is designed to enable Denny's to penetrate markets in which the brand is currently underrepresented, especially dense metropolitan locations.
Finally, the Company is creating additional opportunities for franchisees to capitalize on market rationalization opportunities with a new cash development incentive program.

Business Outlook

The following expectations for the fiscal first quarter of 2022 ending March 30, 2022 reflect management's expectations that the current economic environment will not change materially:

Domestic system-wide same-store sales** increasing between 26% and 28% compared to 2021.
Total general and administrative expenses between $17 million and $18 million, including approximately $4.0 million related to share-based compensation expense.
Adjusted EBITDA* between $17 million and $19 million, including approximately $2.5 million related to cash payments for share-based compensation.

*    Please refer to the Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss), and Net Cash Provided by (Used In) Operating Activities to Non-GAAP Financial Measures, as well as the Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to Non-GAAP Financial Measures included in the following tables. The Company is not able to reconcile the forward-looking non-GAAP estimates set forth above to their most directly comparable GAAP estimates without unreasonable efforts because it is unable to predict, forecast or determine the probable significance of the items impacting these estimates, including gains, losses and other charges, with a reasonable degree of accuracy. Accordingly, the most directly comparable forward-looking GAAP estimates are not provided.

** Same-store sales include sales at company restaurants and non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants that were open during the comparable periods noted. Total operating revenue is limited to company restaurant sales and royalties, advertising revenue, fees and occupancy revenue from non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants. Accordingly, domestic franchise same-store sales and domestic system-wide same-store sales should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, the Company's results as reported under GAAP.

Conference Call and Webcast Information

Denny’s will provide further commentary on the results for the fourth quarter ended December 29, 2021 on its quarterly investor conference call today, Tuesday, February 15, 2022 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time. Interested parties are invited to listen to a live broadcast of the conference call accessible through the investor relations section of Denny’s website at investor.dennys.com.








4


About Denny’s

Denny's Corporation is the franchisor and operator of one of America's largest franchised full-service restaurant chains, based on the number of restaurants. As of December 29, 2021, Denny’s had 1,640 franchised, licensed, and company restaurants around the world including 153 restaurants in Canada, Puerto Rico, Mexico, the Philippines, New Zealand, Honduras, the United Arab Emirates, Costa Rica, Guam, Guatemala, El Salvador, Indonesia, and the United Kingdom. For further information on Denny's, including news releases, links to SEC filings, and other financial information, please visit the Denny's investor relations website at investor.dennys.com.

Cautionary Language Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

The Company urges caution in considering its current trends and any outlook on earnings disclosed in this press release. In addition, certain matters discussed in this release may constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements, which reflect management's best judgment based on factors currently known, are intended to speak only as of the date such statements are made and involve risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual performance of Denny’s Corporation, its subsidiaries, and underlying restaurants to be materially different from the performance indicated or implied by such statements. Words such as “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “intend”, “plan”, “hope”, "will", and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Except as may be required by law, the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this release or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Factors that could cause actual performance to differ materially from the performance indicated by these forward-looking statements include, among others: the rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures, including the potential for further operational disruption from government mandates affecting restaurants; economic, public health, social and political conditions that impact consumer confidence and spending with respect to social unrest and the COVID-19 pandemic; competitive pressures from within the restaurant industry; the level of success of the Company’s operating initiatives and advertising and promotional efforts; adverse publicity; health concerns arising from food-related pandemics, outbreaks of flu viruses or other diseases; changes in business strategy or development plans; terms and availability of capital; regional weather conditions; overall changes in the general economy (including with regard to energy costs), particularly at the retail level; political environment (including acts of war and terrorism); and other factors from time to time set forth in the Company’s SEC reports and other filings, including but not limited to the discussion in Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the risks identified in Item 1A. Risk Factors contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2020 (and in the Company’s subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K).


Investor Contact:
Curt Nichols
877-784-7167

Media Contact:
Hadas Streit, Allison+Partners
646-428-0629
5


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/20
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$30,624 $3,892 
Investments2,551 2,272 
Receivables, net19,621 21,349 
Inventories5,060 1,181 
Assets held for sale— 1,125 
Prepaid and other current assets11,393 18,847 
Total current assets69,249 48,666 
Property, net91,176 86,154 
Financing lease right-of-use assets, net7,709 9,830 
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net128,727 139,534 
Goodwill36,884 36,884 
Intangible assets, net50,226 51,559 
Deferred financing costs, net2,971 2,414 
Deferred income taxes, net11,502 23,210 
Other noncurrent assets37,083 32,698 
Total assets$435,527 $430,949 
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Current finance lease liabilities$1,952 $1,839 
Current operating lease liabilities15,829 16,856 
Accounts payable15,595 12,021 
Other current liabilities64,146 46,462 
Total current liabilities97,522 77,178 
Long-term liabilities  
Long-term debt170,000 210,000 
Noncurrent finance lease liabilities10,744 13,530 
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities126,296 137,534 
Liability for insurance claims, less current portion8,438 10,309 
Other noncurrent liabilities87,792 112,844 
Total long-term liabilities403,270 484,217 
Total liabilities500,792 561,395 
Shareholders' deficit
Common stock642 640 
Paid-in capital135,596 123,833 
Deficit(116,441)(194,514)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(54,470)(60,405)
Treasury stock(30,592)— 
Total shareholders' deficit(65,265)(130,446)
Total liabilities and shareholders' deficit$435,527 $430,949 
Debt Balances
Credit facility revolver due 2026$170,000 $210,000 
Finance lease liabilities12,696 15,369 
Total debt$182,696 $225,369 
6


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
Quarter Ended
($ in thousands, except per share amounts)12/29/2112/30/20
Revenue:
Company restaurant sales$47,406 $32,892 
Franchise and license revenue60,233 47,213 
Total operating revenue107,639 80,105 
Costs of company restaurant sales, excluding depreciation and amortization40,386 31,475 
Costs of franchise and license revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization29,178 25,861 
General and administrative expenses17,694 20,451 
Depreciation and amortization4,066 3,909 
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net(46,309)(511)
Total operating costs and expenses, net45,015 81,185 
Operating income (loss)62,624 (1,080)
Interest expense, net3,134 4,645 
Other nonoperating expense (income), net989 (8,022)
Income before income taxes58,501 2,297 
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes15,046 (62)
Net income$43,455 $2,359 
Net income per share - basic$0.67 $0.04 
Net income per share - diluted$0.67 $0.04 
Basic weighted average shares outstanding64,449 64,898 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding64,870 65,467 
Comprehensive income$45,241 $3,159 
General and Administrative Expenses
Corporate administrative expenses$11,993 $9,833 
Share-based compensation3,390 5,976 
Incentive compensation1,617 3,046 
Deferred compensation valuation adjustments694 1,596 
Total general and administrative expenses$17,694 $20,451 
7


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(Unaudited)
Fiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands, except per share amounts)12/29/2112/30/20
Revenue:
Company restaurant sales$175,017 $118,160 
Franchise and license revenue223,157 170,445 
Total operating revenue398,174 288,605 
Costs of company restaurant sales, excluding depreciation and amortization146,932 114,569 
Costs of franchise and license revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization109,140 94,348 
General and administrative expenses68,686 55,040 
Depreciation and amortization15,446 16,161 
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net(46,105)1,808 
Total operating costs and expenses, net294,099 281,926 
Operating income104,075 6,679 
Interest expense, net15,148 17,965 
Other nonoperating income, net(15,176)(4,171)
Income (loss) before income taxes104,103 (7,115)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes26,030 (1,999)
Net income (loss)$78,073 $(5,116)
Net income (loss) per share - basic$1.20 $(0.08)
Net income (loss) per share - diluted$1.19 $(0.08)
Basic weighted average shares outstanding65,171 60,812 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding65,573 60,812 
Comprehensive income (loss)$84,008 $(31,561)
General and Administrative Expenses
Corporate administrative expenses$44,367 $41,135 
Share-based compensation13,602 7,948 
Incentive compensation8,628 4,351 
Deferred compensation valuation adjustments2,089 1,606 
Total general and administrative expenses$68,686 $55,040 

8


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) and Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(Unaudited)

The Company believes that, in addition to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) measures, certain non-GAAP financial measures are appropriate indicators to assist in the evaluation of operating performance and liquidity on a period-to-period basis. The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Free Cash Flow, Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and Adjusted Net Income (Loss) Per Share internally as performance measures for planning purposes, including the preparation of annual operating budgets, and for compensation purposes, including incentive compensation for certain employees. Adjusted EBITDA is also used in the calculation of financial covenant ratios in accordance with the Company’s credit facility. Adjusted Free Cash Flow is also used as a non-GAAP liquidity measure by Management to assess the Company’s ability to generate cash and plan for future operating and capital actions. Management believes that the presentation of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), Adjusted Net Income (Loss) Per Share and Adjusted Free Cash Flow provide useful information to investors and analysts about the Company’s operating results, financial condition or cash flows. However, each of these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, operating income (loss), net income (loss), net income (loss) per share, net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, or other financial performance and liquidity measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/2012/29/2112/30/20
Net income (loss)$43,455 $2,359 $78,073 $(5,116)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes15,046 (62)26,030 (1,999)
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net
(46,309)(511)(46,105)1,808 
Other nonoperating expense (income), net989 (8,022)(15,176)(4,171)
Share-based compensation expense3,390 5,976 13,602 7,948 
Deferred compensation plan valuation adjustments694 1,596 2,089 1,606 
Interest expense, net3,134 4,645 15,148 17,965 
Depreciation and amortization4,066 3,909 15,446 16,161 
Cash payments for restructuring charges and exit costs
(219)(575)(1,767)(2,981)
Cash payments for share-based compensation
(193)(1,354)(1,758)(4,578)
Adjusted EBITDA$24,053 $7,961 $85,582 $26,643 

9



DENNY’S CORPORATION
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) and Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
to Non-GAAP Financial Measures Continued
(Unaudited)
Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/2012/29/2112/30/20
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$12,944 $8,473 $76,173 $(3,137)
Capital expenditures(2,034)(1,486)(7,355)(6,962)
Acquisitions of real estate(10,369)— (10,369)— 
Cash payments for restructuring charges and exit costs(219)(575)(1,767)(2,981)
Cash payments for share-based compensation(193)(1,354)(1,758)(4,578)
Deferred compensation plan valuation adjustments694 1,596 2,089 1,606 
Other nonoperating expense (income), net989 (8,022)(15,176)(4,171)
Gains (losses) on investments(32)(21)123 
Gains (losses) on early termination of debt and leases471 (181)523 (224)
Amortization of deferred financing costs(159)(285)(1,105)(876)
Gains (losses) and amortization on interest rate swap derivatives, net(2,142)6,349 12,629 2,164 
Interest expense, net3,134 4,645 15,148 17,965 
Cash interest expense, net (1)
(3,916)(4,912)(17,152)(18,047)
Deferred income tax expense(10,384)(6,486)(14,097)(3,981)
Decrease in tax valuation allowance5,031 3,041 5,031 3,041 
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes15,046 (62)26,030 (1,999)
Income taxes (paid) received, net(4,304)539 (9,942)(6)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Receivables2,809 1,087 (1,373)(6,378)
Inventories3,830 164 3,879 (101)
Other current assets(3,158)(7,454)3,872 
Other noncurrent assets860 2,290 1,881 1,816 
Operating lease assets and liabilities371 387 1,521 (844)
Accounts payable(248)2,142 (6,608)10,682 
Accrued payroll(1,651)(5,904)(3,113)2,835 
Accrued taxes1,570 1,745 317 774 
Other accrued liabilities(6,794)(987)(12,684)5,525 
Other noncurrent liabilities1,284 (115)5,517 5,510 
Adjusted Free Cash Flow$3,430 $2,102 $40,764 $1,628 
(1)Includes cash interest expense, net and cash payments of approximately $0.9 million and $3.3 million for dedesignated interest rate swap derivatives for the quarter and year ended December 29, 2021, respectively. Includes cash interest expense, net and cash payments of approximately $0.8 million and $1.9 million for dedesignated interest rate swap derivatives for the quarter and year ended December 30, 2020, respectively.

10


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Reconciliation of Net Income (Loss) and Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
to Non-GAAP Financial Measures Continued
(Unaudited)
Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands, except per share amounts)12/29/2112/30/2012/29/2112/30/20
Adjusted EBITDA$24,053 $7,961 $85,582 $26,643 
Cash interest expense, net (1)
(3,916)(4,912)(17,152)(18,047)
Cash (paid) received for income taxes, net(4,304)539 (9,942)(6)
Cash paid for capital expenditures and real estate acquisitions(12,403)(1,486)(17,724)(6,962)
Adjusted Free Cash Flow$3,430 $2,102 $40,764 $1,628 
Net income (loss)$43,455 $2,359 $78,073 $(5,116)
(Gains) losses and amortization on interest rate swap derivatives, net2,142 (6,349)(12,629)(2,164)
Gains on sales of assets and other, net(46,722)(2,418)(47,822)(4,678)
Impairment charges442 1,564 442 4,083 
Tax effect (2)
11,177 1,848 15,002 706 
Adjusted Net Income (Loss)$10,494 $(2,996)$33,066 $(7,169)
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding64,870 64,898 65,573 60,812 
Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Diluted$0.67 $0.04 $1.19 $(0.08)
Adjustments Per Share$(0.51)$(0.09)$(0.69)$(0.04)
Adjusted Net Income (Loss) Per Share$0.16 $(0.05)$0.50 $(0.12)
(1)Includes cash interest expense, net and cash payments of approximately $0.9 million and $3.3 million for dedesignated interest rate swap derivatives for the quarter and year ended December 29, 2021, respectively. Includes cash interest expense, net and cash payments of approximately $0.8 million and $1.9 million for dedesignated interest rate swap derivatives for the quarter and year ended December 30, 2020, respectively.
(2)Tax adjustments for the quarter and year ended December 29, 2021 reflect an effective tax rate of 25.3% and 25.0%, respectively. Tax adjustments for the quarter and year ended December 30, 2020 reflect an effective tax rate of 25.7% and 25.6%, respectively.
11


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Reconciliation of Operating Income to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(Unaudited)

The Company believes that, in addition to GAAP measures, certain other non-GAAP financial measures are appropriate indicators to assist in the evaluation of restaurant-level operating efficiency and performance of ongoing restaurant-level operations. The Company uses Restaurant-level Operating Margin, Company Restaurant Operating Margin and Franchise Operating Margin internally as performance measures for planning purposes, including the preparation of annual operating budgets, and these three non-GAAP measures are used to evaluate operating effectiveness.

The Company defines Restaurant-level Operating Margin as operating income (loss) excluding the following three items: general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, and operating (gains), losses and other charges, net. Restaurant-level Operating Margin is presented as a percent of total operating revenue. The Company excludes general and administrative expenses, which include primarily non-restaurant-level costs associated with support of company and franchised restaurants and other activities at their corporate office. The Company excludes depreciation and amortization expense, substantially all of which is related to company restaurant-level assets, because such expenses represent historical sunk costs which do not reflect current cash outlays for the restaurants. The Company excludes special items, included within operating (gains), losses and other charges, net, to provide investors with a clearer perspective of its ongoing operating performance and a more relevant comparison to prior period results.

Restaurant-level Operating Margin is the total of Company Restaurant Operating Margin and Franchise Operating Margin. The Company defines Company Restaurant Operating Margin as company restaurant sales less costs of company restaurant sales (which include product costs, company restaurant level payroll and benefits, occupancy costs, and other operating costs including utilities, repairs and maintenance, marketing and other expenses) and presents it as a percent of company restaurant sales. The Company defines Franchise Operating Margin as franchise and license revenue (which includes franchise royalties and other non-food and beverage revenue streams such as initial franchise fees, advertising revenue and occupancy revenue) less costs of franchise and license revenue and presents it as a percent of franchise and license revenue.

These non-GAAP financial measures provide a meaningful comparison between periods and enable investors to focus on the performance of restaurant-level operations by excluding revenues and costs unrelated to food and beverage sales in addition to corporate general and administrative expense, depreciation and amortization, and operating (gains), losses and other charges, net. However, each of these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, operating income (loss), net income (loss) or other financial performance measures prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Restaurant-level Operating Margin, Company Restaurant Operating Margin and Franchise Operating Margin do not accrue directly to the benefit of shareholders because of the aforementioned excluded items, and are not indicative of the overall results for the Company.

Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/2012/29/2112/30/20
Operating income (loss)$62,624 $(1,080)$104,075 $6,679 
General and administrative expenses17,694 20,451 68,686 55,040 
Depreciation and amortization4,066 3,909 15,446 16,161 
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net(46,309)(511)(46,105)1,808 
  Restaurant-level Operating Margin$38,075 $22,769 $142,102 $79,688 
Restaurant-level Operating Margin consists of:
 Company Restaurant Operating Margin (1)
$7,020 $1,417 $28,085 $3,591 
 Franchise Operating Margin (2)
31,055 21,352 114,017 76,097 
  Restaurant-level Operating Margin$38,075 $22,769 $142,102 $79,688 

(1)Company Restaurant Operating Margin is calculated as operating income plus general and administrative expenses; depreciation and amortization; operating (gains), losses and other charges, net; and costs of franchise and license revenue; less franchise and license revenue.
(2)Franchise Operating Margin is calculated as operating income plus general and administrative expenses; depreciation and amortization; operating (gains), losses and other charges, net; and costs of company restaurant sales; less company restaurant sales.
12


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Operating Margins
(Unaudited)
Quarter Ended
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/20
Company restaurant operations: (1)
Company restaurant sales$47,406 100.0 %$32,892 100.0 %
Costs of company restaurant sales:
Product costs11,833 25.0 %8,275 25.2 %
Payroll and benefits17,998 38.0 %14,614 44.4 %
Occupancy2,955 6.2 %2,712 8.2 %
Other operating costs:
Utilities1,539 3.2 %1,333 4.1 %
Repairs and maintenance853 1.8 %680 2.1 %
Marketing1,023 2.2 %1,133 3.4 %
Other direct costs4,185 8.8 %2,728 8.3 %
Total costs of company restaurant sales$40,386 85.2 %$31,475 95.7 %
Company restaurant operating margin (non-GAAP) (2)
$7,020 14.8 %$1,417 4.3 %
Franchise operations: (3)
Franchise and license revenue:
Royalties$28,128 46.7 %$19,039 40.3 %
Advertising revenue19,031 31.6 %15,060 31.9 %
Initial and other fees2,663 4.4 %2,399 5.1 %
Occupancy revenue10,411 17.3 %10,715 22.7 %
Total franchise and license revenue$60,233 100.0 %$47,213 100.0 %
Costs of franchise and license revenue:
Advertising costs$19,030 31.6 %$15,060 31.9 %
Occupancy costs6,374 10.6 %6,636 14.1 %
Other direct costs3,774 6.3 %4,165 8.8 %
Total costs of franchise and license revenue$29,178 48.4 %$25,861 54.8 %
Franchise operating margin (non-GAAP) (2)
$31,055 51.6 %$21,352 45.2 %
Total operating revenue (4)
$107,639 100.0 %$80,105 100.0 %
Total costs of operating revenue (4)
69,564 64.6 %57,336 71.6 %
Restaurant-level operating margin (non-GAAP) (4)(2)
$38,075 35.4 %$22,769 28.4 %
Other operating expenses: (4)(2)
General and administrative expenses$17,694 16.4 %$20,451 25.5 %
Depreciation and amortization4,066 3.8 %3,909 4.9 %
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net(46,309)(43.0)%(511)(0.6)%
Total other operating expenses (income)$(24,549)(22.8)%$23,849 29.8 %
Operating income (loss) (4)
$62,624 58.2 %$(1,080)(1.3)%
(1)As a percentage of company restaurant sales.
(2)Other operating expenses such as general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization relate to both company and franchise operations and are not allocated to costs of company restaurant sales and costs of franchise and license revenue. As such, operating margin is considered a non-GAAP financial measure. Operating margins should be considered as a supplement to, not as a substitute for, operating income (loss), net income (loss) or other financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
(3)As a percentage of franchise and license revenue.
(4)As a percentage of total operating revenue.

13


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Operating Margins
(Unaudited)
Fiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/20
Company restaurant operations: (1)
Company restaurant sales$175,017 100.0 %$118,160 100.0 %
Costs of company restaurant sales:
Product costs42,982 24.6 %29,816 25.2 %
Payroll and benefits65,337 37.3 %51,684 43.7 %
Occupancy11,662 6.7 %11,241 9.5 %
Other operating costs:
Utilities5,814 3.3 %5,148 4.4 %
Repairs and maintenance2,743 1.6 %2,608 2.2 %
Marketing4,594 2.6 %3,904 3.3 %
Other direct costs13,800 7.9 %10,168 8.6 %
Total costs of company restaurant sales$146,932 84.0 %$114,569 97.0 %
Company restaurant operating margin (non-GAAP) (2)
$28,085 16.0 %$3,591 3.0 %
Franchise operations: (3)
Franchise and license revenue:
Royalties$103,425 46.4 %$67,501 39.6 %
Advertising revenue69,957 31.3 %53,745 31.5 %
Initial and other fees8,009 3.6 %7,332 4.3 %
Occupancy revenue41,766 18.7 %41,867 24.6 %
Total franchise and license revenue$223,157 100.0 %$170,445 100.0 %
Costs of franchise and license revenue:
Advertising costs$69,957 31.3 %$53,745 31.5 %
Occupancy costs26,237 11.8 %26,732 15.7 %
Other direct costs12,946 5.8 %13,871 8.1 %
Total costs of franchise and license revenue$109,140 48.9 %$94,348 55.4 %
Franchise operating margin (non-GAAP) (2)
$114,017 51.1 %$76,097 44.6 %
Total operating revenue (4)
$398,174 100.0 %$288,605 100.0 %
Total costs of operating revenue (4)
256,072 64.3 %208,917 72.4 %
Restaurant-level operating margin (non-GAAP) (4)(2)
$142,102 35.7 %$79,688 27.6 %
Other operating expenses: (4)(2)
General and administrative expenses$68,686 17.3 %$55,040 19.1 %
Depreciation and amortization15,446 3.9 %16,161 5.6 %
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net(46,105)(11.6)%1,808 0.6 %
Total other operating expenses$38,027 9.6 %$73,009 25.3 %
Operating income (4)
$104,075 26.1 %$6,679 2.3 %
(1)As a percentage of company restaurant sales.
(2)Other operating expenses such as general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization relate to both company and franchise operations and are not allocated to costs of company restaurant sales and costs of franchise and license revenue. As such, operating margin is considered a non-GAAP financial measure. Operating margin should be considered as a supplement to, not as a substitute for, operating income (loss), net income (loss) or other financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
(3)As a percentage of franchise and license revenue.
(4)As a percentage of total operating revenue.

14


DENNY’S CORPORATION
Statistical Data
(Unaudited)
Changes in Same-Store Sales (1) vs. 2019
Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
(Increase (decrease))12/29/2112/29/21
Company Restaurants5.1 %(3.5)%
Domestic Franchised Restaurants0.4 %(4.8)%
Domestic System-wide Restaurants0.7 %(4.7)%
Changes in Same-Store Sales (1) vs. Prior Year
Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
(Increase (decrease))12/29/2112/30/2012/29/2112/30/20
Company Restaurants58.6 %(34.9)%55.3 %(36.7)%
Domestic Franchised Restaurants48.3 %(32.8)%40.1 %(30.9)%
Domestic System-wide Restaurants49.0 %(32.9)%41.1 %(31.4)%
Average Unit SalesQuarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
($ in thousands)12/29/2112/30/2012/29/2112/30/20
Company Restaurants$735 $499 $2,709 $1,812 
Franchised Restaurants$431 $314 $1,597 $1,181 
Franchised
Restaurant Unit ActivityCompany & LicensedTotal
Ending Units September 29, 202165 1,582 1,647 
Units Opened— 
Units Closed — (14)(14)
Net Change— (7)(7)
Ending Units December 29, 202165 1,575 1,640 
Equivalent Units
Fourth Quarter 202164 1,580 1,644 
Fourth Quarter 202066 1,594 1,660 
Net Change(2)(14)(16)
Franchised
Restaurant Unit ActivityCompany & LicensedTotal
Ending Units December 30, 202065 1,585 1,650 
Units Opened— 20 20 
Units Closed— (30)(30)
Net Change— (10)(10)
Ending Units December 29, 202165 1,575 1,640 
Equivalent Units
Year-to-Date 202165 1,581 1,646 
Year-to-Date 202065 1,614 1,679 
Net Change— (33)(33)
(1)Same-store sales include sales at company restaurants and non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants that were open during the comparable periods noted. Total operating revenue is limited to company restaurant sales and royalties, advertising revenue, fees and occupancy revenue from non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants. Accordingly, domestic franchise same-store sales and domestic system-wide same-store sales should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, the Company's results as reported under GAAP.
15