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Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Schedule of Revenue by Insurance Product Line

For the Consolidated Balance Sheet, those items include cash and investments, property and equipment, other assets, accrued expenses and other liabilities, income taxes recoverable or payable, and shareholders’ equit

	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Private Passenger Auto			Non-Standard Auto			Home and Farm			Crop			Commercial			All Other			Total
Direct premiums earned	$	87,431		$	88,170		$	93,130		$	45,272		$	82,590		$	5,352		$	401,945
Assumed premiums earned		—			—			—			2,262			—			1,308			3,570
Ceded premiums earned		(4,071	)		(410	)		(9,741	)		(21,717	)		(18,114	)		(325	)		(54,378	)
Net premiums earned		83,360			87,760			83,389			25,817			64,476			6,335			351,137

Direct losses and loss adjustment expenses		59,385			63,041			52,455			17,669			99,677			1,751			293,978
Assumed losses and loss adjustment expenses		—			—			—			787			—			353			1,140
Ceded losses and loss adjustment expenses		819			—			(1,520	)		(7,663	)		(40,932	)		(1,410	)		(50,706	)
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses		60,204			63,041			50,935			10,793			58,745			694			244,412

Gross margin		23,156			24,719			32,454			15,024			5,731			5,641			106,725

Underwriting and general expenses		24,497			37,373			24,702			6,262			24,307			1,649			118,790
Underwriting gain (loss)		(1,341	)		(12,654	)		7,752			8,762			(18,576	)		3,992			(12,065	)

Fee and other income					1,293															1,978
					(11,361	)

Goodwill impairment charge		—			—			—			—			(6,756	)		—			(6,756	)

Net investment income																				10,456
Net investment gains (losses)																				2,124
Income (loss) before income taxes																				(4,263	)
Income tax expense (benefit)																				963
Net income (loss)																				(5,226	)
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest																				250
Net income (loss) attributable to NI Holdings, Inc.																			$	(5,476	)

Operating Ratios:
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ratio		72.2%			71.8%			61.1%			41.8%			91.1%			11.0%			69.6%
Expense ratio		29.4%			42.6%			29.6%			24.3%			37.7%			26.0%			33.8%
Combined ratio		101.6%			114.4%			90.7%			66.1%			128.8%			37.0%			103.4%


Balances at December 31, 2023:
Premiums and agents’ balances receivable	$	24,152		$	19,853		$	9,755		$	89		$	19,487		$	722		$	74,058
Deferred policy acquisition costs		5,834			11,966			8,005			—			7,871			444			34,120
Reinsurance recoverables on losses		15			—			2,949			1,343			42,509			2,153			48,969
Receivable from Federal Crop Insurance Corporation		—			—			—			17,404			—			—			17,404
Goodwill and other intangibles		—			2,728			—			—			7,311			—			10,039
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses		28,037			61,272			18,205			3,884			98,698			7,023			217,119
Unearned premiums		35,367			36,426			48,210			—			41,374			2,723			164,100

	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Private Passenger Auto			Non-Standard Auto			Home and Farm			Crop			Commercial			All Other			Total
Direct premiums earned	$	80,410		$	67,178		$	88,143		$	53,214		$	74,764		$	5,177		$	368,886
Assumed premiums earned		—			—			—			2,254			—			4,296			6,550
Ceded premiums earned		(2,805	)		(267	)		(9,762	)		(20,747	)		(13,333	)		(232	)		(47,146	)
Net premiums earned		77,605			66,911			78,381			34,721			61,431			9,241			328,290

Direct losses and loss adjustment expenses		66,250			39,400			114,195			27,146			82,817			3,589			333,397
Assumed losses and loss adjustment expenses		—			—			—			634			—			1,735			2,369
Ceded losses and loss adjustment expenses		(830	)		—			(6,372	)		(8,362	)		(25,601	)		(169	)		(41,334	)
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses		65,420			39,400			107,823			19,418			57,216			5,155			294,432

Gross margin		12,185			27,511			(29,442	)		15,303			4,215			4,086			33,858

Underwriting and general expenses		21,601			26,889			23,070			3,009			22,173			2,292			99,034
Underwriting gain (loss)		(9,416	)		622			(52,512	)		12,294			(17,958	)		1,794			(65,176	)

Fee and other income					831															1,453
					1,453
Net investment income																				7,820
Net investment gains (losses)																				(13,126	)
Income (loss) before income taxes																				(69,029	)
Income tax expense (benefit)																				(15,254	)
Net income (loss)																				(53,775	)
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest																				(679	)
Net income (loss) attributable to NI Holdings, Inc.																			$	(53,096	)

Operating Ratios:
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ratio		84.3%			58.9%			137.6%			55.9%			93.1%			55.8%			89.7%
Expense ratio		27.8%			40.2%			29.4%			8.7%			36.1%			24.8%			30.2%
Combined ratio		112.1%			99.1%			167.0%			64.6%			129.2%			80.6%			119.9%


Balances at December 31, 2022:
Premiums and agents’ balances receivable	$	20,669		$	14,884		$	9,388		$	381		$	16,138		$	713		$	62,173
Deferred policy acquisition costs		5,040			9,378			7,376			—			7,561			413			29,768
Reinsurance recoverables on losses		1,440			—			5,732			589			29,018			796			37,575
Receivable from Federal Crop Insurance Corporation		—			—			—			15,462			—			—			15,462
Goodwill and other intangibles		—			2,761			—			—			14,489			—			17,250
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses		27,439			46,231			27,989			2,145			78,053			8,602			190,459
Unearned premiums		30,721			29,301			44,957			—			40,506			3,028			148,513

	Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Private Passenger Auto			Non-Standard Auto			Home and Farm			Crop			Commercial			All Other			Total
Direct premiums earned	$	76,749		$	58,842		$	84,102		$	43,541		$	65,104		$	4,916		$	333,254
Assumed premiums earned		—			—			—			2,106			—			5,929			8,035
Ceded premiums earned		(4,216	)		(257	)		(10,310	)		(18,799	)		(7,819	)		(299	)		(41,700	)
Net premiums earned		72,533			58,585			73,792			26,848			57,285			10,546			299,589

Direct losses and loss adjustment expenses		61,358			34,453			59,380			79,177			45,621			1,009			280,998
Assumed losses and loss adjustment expenses		—			—			—			617			—			6,282			6,899
Ceded losses and loss adjustment expenses		(1,637	)		—			(7,235	)		(51,963	)		(10,842	)		159			(71,518	)
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses		59,721			34,453			52,145			27,831			34,779			7,450			216,379

Gross margin		12,812			24,132			21,647			(983	)		22,506			3,096			83,210

Underwriting and general expenses		20,516			22,770			22,122			8,212			20,000			2,669			96,289
Underwriting gain (loss)		(7,704	)		1,362			(475	)		(9,195	)		2,506			427			(13,079	)

Fee and other income					1,280															1,775
					2,642
Net investment income																				7,131
Net investment gains (losses)																				15,479
Income (loss) before income taxes																				11,306
Income tax expense (benefit)																				2,974
Net income (loss)																				8,332
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest																				(84	)
Net income (loss) attributable to NI Holdings, Inc.																			$	8,416

Operating Ratios:
Loss and loss adjustment expenses ratio		82.3%			58.8%			70.7%			103.7%			60.7%			70.6%			72.2%
Expense ratio		28.3%			38.9%			30.0%			30.6%			34.9%			25.3%			32.1%
Combined ratio		110.6%			97.7%			100.7%			134.3%			95.6%			95.9%			104.3%


Balances at December 31, 2021:
Premiums and agents’ balances receivable	$	19,039		$	8,143		$	8,914		$	—		$	14,687		$	669		$	51,452
Deferred policy acquisition costs		4,949			5,978			7,271			—			6,328			421			24,947
Reinsurance recoverables on losses		1,001			—			3,467			6,953			8,722			1,057			21,200
Goodwill and other intangibles		—			2,810			—			—			14,912			—			17,722
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses		26,390			43,515			19,161			6,002			32,924			11,670			139,662
Unearned premiums		28,820			18,679			42,399			—			34,672			3,219			127,789
Payable to Federal Crop Insurance Corporation		—			—			—			4,962			—			—			4,962