<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-22-003889.txt : 20220211
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ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-22-003889
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		15
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20220210
ITEM INFORMATION:		Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20220211
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20220211

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Arena Group Holdings, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000894871
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	CABLE & OTHER PAY TELEVISION SERVICES [4841]
		IRS NUMBER:				680232575
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12471
		FILM NUMBER:		22617252

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1500 FOURTH AVENUE, SUITE 200
		CITY:			SEATTLE
		STATE:			WA
		ZIP:			98101
		BUSINESS PHONE:		775-600-2765

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		1500 FOURTH AVENUE, SUITE 200
		CITY:			SEATTLE
		STATE:			WA
		ZIP:			98101

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	theMaven, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20161228

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	THEMAVEN, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20161209

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	INTEGRATED SURGICAL SYSTEMS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19960725
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 4pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>UNITED
STATES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20549</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>FORM
<span id="xdx_903_edei--DocumentType_c20220210__20220210_zbS8MH0HURod"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CURRENT
REPORT</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline"><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20220210__20220210_zMxwHfwcyeT4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">THE
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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                                            Employer</span></p>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    Vesey Street, <span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20220210__20220210_zPzxi4tDmgw7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">24</ix:nonNumeric></span><sup><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine2_c20220210__20220210_zFmtP26uDHF6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2">th</ix:nonNumeric> </span></sup><span id="xdx_909_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine3_c20220210__20220210_zfL29KxGJ3J5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine3">Floor</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_906_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20220210__20220210_zQDX6mykSkd6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">New York</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20220210__20220210_zGbV0WDR2Go4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-02-10to2022-02-10" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">New York</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
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    of Principal Executive Offices)</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registrant&#8217;s
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Former
Name, or Former Address, if Changed Since Last Report)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Check
the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under
any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405
of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2 of this chapter)</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item
1.01 Entry into a Material Definitive Agreement.</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span>On
February 10, 2022, The Arena Group Holdings, Inc., formerly known as theMaven, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &#8220;Company,&#8221;
&#8220;our,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; or &#8220;us&#8221;), entered into an Underwriting Agreement (the &#8220;Underwriting Agreement&#8221;)
with B. Riley Securities, Inc. (&#8220;B. Riley Securities&#8221;) as representative of the underwriters named therein (the &#8220;Underwriters&#8221;),
relating to a firm commitment offering of an aggregate of 3,636,364 of shares (the &#8220;Firm Shares&#8221;) of the Company&#8217;s
common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the &#8220;Common Stock&#8221;), at a public offering price of $8.25 per share. In addition,
we granted the Underwriters a 30-day option to purchase from the Company up to an additional 545,454 of shares of Common Stock (the &#8220;Option
Shares&#8221; and, together with the Firm Shares, the &#8220;Shares&#8221;).</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
offering of the Shares is being made pursuant to our registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-262111), as amended by Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 1 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on January 31, 2022, by Pre-Effective
Amendment No. 2 filed February 7, 2022 with the SEC, and by Pre-Effective Amendment No. 3 filed February 9, 2022 with the SEC (collectively
the &#8220;Registration Statement&#8221;), which the SEC declared effective on February 10, 2022, and the final prospectus, which will
be filed with the SEC. The closing of the offering is scheduled for February 15, 2022.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
estimate the net proceeds to us from this offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses
payable by us, will be approximately $27.3 million ($31.6 million if the Underwriter&#8217;s option to purchase additional shares of
our common stock is exercised in full).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for the initial cash portion of the purchase price of the acquisition of Athlon Holdings,
Inc. (as described in the Registration Statement) and our working capital and general corporate purposes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Underwriting Agreement contains customary representations, warranties, covenants, agreements, and indemnification, including for liabilities
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Underwriting Agreement, we and our executive
officers, directors, and certain holders of outstanding shares of our common stock have agreed to certain &#8220;lock-up&#8221; agreements
with the Underwriter, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of their shares of our common stock or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock during the period from the date of the prospectus continuing through the
date 90 days, in the case of certain stockholders, or 120 days, in the case of us and our executive officers and directors, following
the date of the Underwriting Agreement without the prior written consent of the representative of the Underwriter.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
foregoing descriptions of the Underwriting Agreement are not complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the complete
document, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K, which is incorporated herein by reference. The
provisions of the Underwriting Agreement, including the representations, warranties, covenants, and agreements contained therein, were
made only for purposes of such agreement and as of specific dates, were solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, and
may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties. The opinion of Baker &amp; Hostetler LLP, relating to the validity
of the Shares in connection with the offering was filed as Exhibit 5.1 to the Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item
8.01 Other Events</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 11, 2022, we issued a press release announcing that we priced the offering of an aggregate of 3,636,364 Firm Shares. In addition,
the press release also announced that our Common Stock began trading on the NYSE American at the open of the market on February 9, 2022
under the symbol &#8220;AREN.&#8221; The press release is filed as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K and is incorporated
herein by reference.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item
9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(d)
Exhibits</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibits</b></span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.1</span></td>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><a href="ex99-1.htm">Press Release dated February 11, 2022</a></span></td></tr>

<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cover
                                            Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>


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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SIGNATURES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    INC.</b></span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dated:
    February 11, 2022</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>/s/
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Douglas
    B. Smith</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
1.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>The
Arena Group Holdings, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a
Delaware corporation)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>Common
Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNDERWRITING
AGREEMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">February
10, 2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">B.
Riley Securities, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
Representative of the Several Underwriters</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">set
forth on <U>Schedule C</U> hereto</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11100
Santa Monica Boulevard</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Suite
800</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Los
Angeles, CA 90025</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ladies
and Gentlemen:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Arena Group Holdings, Inc., formerly known as theMaven, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), proposes to
issue and sell to the several underwriters named in <B><U>Schedule C</U></B> hereto (the &ldquo;<B>Underwriters</B>&rdquo;) pursuant
to this Underwriting Agreement (this &ldquo;<B>Agreement</B>&rdquo;) an aggregate of 3,636,364 shares (the &ldquo;<B>Firm Shares</B>&rdquo;)
of the Company&rsquo;s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the &ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo;). In addition, the Company proposes
to grant to the Underwriters the option to purchase from the Company up to an additional 545,454 shares of Common Stock, to be purchased
at the option of the Underwriters (the &ldquo;<B>Option Shares</B>&rdquo; and, together with the Firm Shares, the &ldquo;<B>Shares</B>&rdquo;).
B. Riley Securities, Inc. is acting as the representative of the Underwriters and in such capacity is hereinafter referred to as the
&ldquo;<B>Representative</B>.&rdquo; The Shares and pricing information in this Agreement are adjusted to reflect the impact of the Reverse
Stock Split (as defined herein) that will be effective in the State of Delaware no later than the open of trading of the Firm Shares
on the first trading day on NYSE American following the date hereof at a ratio of 22-to-1.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
1. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Sale and Purchase</U>.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements herein contained, but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth,
the Company agrees to issue and sell the Firm Shares to the Underwriters, and the Underwriters agree, severally and not jointly, to purchase
from the Company the number of Firm Shares as set forth opposite the names of such Underwriters on <B><U>Schedule C</U></B> hereto. The
Company has been advised by the Underwriters that they propose to make a public offering of the Shares as soon after this Agreement has
become effective as in their judgment is advisable. The pricing terms of the purchase of the Firm Shares by the Underwriters and the
pricing terms of the offering of the Firm Shares to the public are as set forth in <B><U>Schedule A</U></B> hereto. The public offering
price of the Shares is not in excess of the price recommended by Lake Street Capital Markets LLC, acting as a &ldquo;qualified independent
underwriter&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 5121 of FINRA.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, the Company hereby grants to the Underwriters the option to purchase, and upon the basis of the representations, warranties
and agreements contained herein and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Underwriters shall have the right to purchase
from the Company, all or a portion of the Option Shares, at the same purchase price per share to be paid by the Underwriters to the Company
for the Firm Shares as set forth opposite the names of such Underwriters on <B><U>Schedule C</U></B> hereto. This option may be exercised
by the Underwriters any time and from time to time on or before the thirtieth (30th) day following the date hereof, by written notice
from the Representative to the Company, which notice may be electronic (&ldquo;<B>Option Shares Notice</B>&rdquo;). The Option Shares
Notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Option Shares as to which the option is being exercised, and the date and time when the
Option Shares are to be delivered (such date and time being herein referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Option Closing Date</B>&rdquo;); <I>provided</I>,
<I>however</I>, that the Option Closing Date may be the same date and time as the Closing Date (as defined below), but shall not be earlier
than the Closing Date nor earlier than the second (2nd) business day after the date on which the option for Option Shares shall have
been exercised no later than the tenth (10th) business day after the date of the Option Shares Notice. As of the Option Closing Date,
the Company will issue and sell to the Underwriters, and the Underwriters will purchase, the number of Option Shares set forth in the
Option Shares Notice.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
2. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Payment and Delivery</U>.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Payment
of the purchase price for the Firm Shares shall be made to the Company by same day Federal Funds wire transfer against delivery of the
Firm Shares to the Underwriters through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company for the account of the Underwriters. Such payment
and delivery shall be made at 10:00 A.M., New York time, on February 15, 2022 (the &ldquo;<B>Closing Date</B>&rdquo;), which date shall
be the second business day after the date of this Agreement (unless another time or date shall be agreed to by the Representative and
the Company). Electronic transfer of the Firm Shares shall be made to or as instructed by the Representative at the Closing Date in such
names and in such denominations as the Representative shall specify, <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">with any transfer taxes payable
in connection with the transfer of the Firm Shares to the Underwriters duly paid, against payment of the purchase price therefor</FONT>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the option for Option Shares is exercised, payment of the purchase price for the Option Shares shall be made at the Option Closing Date
in the same manner and at the same office as the payment for the Firm Shares. Electronic transfer of the Option Shares shall be made
to or as instructed by the Representative at the Option Closing Date in such names and in such denominations as the Representative shall
specify.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deliveries
of the documents described in Section 7 with respect to the purchase of the Shares shall be made at the offices of The NBD Group, Inc.,
counsel for the Underwriters, at 10:00 A.M., New York time, on the Closing Date or Option Closing Date, as applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
3. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Representations and Warranties</U>.</FONT></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
<I>Representations and Warranties by the Company</I>. The Company represents and warrants to the Underwriters as of the Applicable Time
(as defined below), the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, and agrees with the Underwriters, as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
<U>Registration Statement and Prospectuses</U>. The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (&ldquo;<B>Commission</B>&rdquo;)
a registration statement on Form S-1, as amended by Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1, Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2, and Amendment No. 3
(File No. 333-262111) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>1933 Act</B>&rdquo;) and the rules and regulation (the
&ldquo;<B>1933 Act Regulations</B>&rdquo;) of the Commission thereunder, which registration statement was declared effective by the Commission
and the Shares have been and remain eligible for registration by the Company on such registration statement. Such registration statement,
including all amendments and exhibits thereto, the documents incorporated by reference therein and the documents and information otherwise
deemed to be part thereof or included therein pursuant to Rule 430B of the 1933 Act Regulations is referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Registration
Statement</B>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Registration Statement has become effective under the 1933 Act. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
or any post-effective amendment thereto has been issued under the 1933 Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary
prospectus or the Prospectus (as defined below) has been issued and no proceedings for any of those purposes have been instituted or
are pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened. The Company has complied to the Commission&rsquo;s satisfaction with each
request (if any) from the Commission for additional information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
of the Registration Statement, as of its effectiveness and at each deemed effective date, (including the information deemed pursuant
to Rule 430A under the 1933 Act to be part of the Registration Statement at the effective date) complied, and the Prospectus and any
supplements thereto, as of their respective effective or issue date, complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements
of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. Each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in
connection with this offering was virtually identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant
to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. Any registration statement filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 462(b) under
the Securities Act is called the &ldquo;<B>462(b) Registration Statement</B>&rdquo; and, from and after the date and time of filing of
the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the term &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo; shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, when they became effective
or at the time they were filed with the Commission, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>1934 Act</B>&rdquo;), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the
&ldquo;<B>1934 Act Regulations</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
<U>Accurate Disclosure; Certain Defined Terms</U>. Neither the Registration Statement nor any amendment thereto, at its effective time,
at the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date, contained, contains or will contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted,
omits or will omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.
As of the Applicable Time, neither (A) the General Disclosure Package nor (B) any individual Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, when considered
together with the General Disclosure Package, included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact necessary
in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Neither the Prospectus
nor any amendment or supplement thereto (including any prospectus wrapper), as of its issue date, at the time of any filing with the
Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b), at the Closing Date or at any Option Closing Date, included, includes or will include an untrue statement
of a material fact or omitted, omits or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
representations and warranties in this subsection shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement (or any
amendment thereto), the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) made in reliance upon and
in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Underwriters through the Representative, specifically for use
therein, including the Underwriter Information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
used in this Agreement:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Applicable
Time</B>&rdquo; means 5:30pm, New York City time, on the date of this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>General
Disclosure Package</B>&rdquo; means any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses issued at or prior to the Applicable Time and the preliminary
prospectus dated January 31, 2022, as amended (including any documents incorporated therein by reference) and the information included
on <B><U>Schedule A</U></B> hereto, all considered together.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus</B>&rdquo; means any &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus,&rdquo; as defined in Rule 433 of the 1933 Act Regulations
(&ldquo;<B>Rule 433</B>&rdquo;), including without limitation any &ldquo;free writing prospectus&rdquo; (as defined in Rule 405 of the
1933 Act Regulations (&ldquo;<B>Rule 405</B>&rdquo;)) relating to the Shares that is (i) required to be filed with the Commission by
the Company, (ii) a &ldquo;road show that is a written communication&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i), whether or not required
to be filed with the Commission, or (iii) exempt from filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a
description of the Shares or of the offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the form filed or required to be
filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company&rsquo;s records pursuant to Rule 433(g).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Preliminary
Prospectus</B>&rdquo; means any preliminary form of the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Prospectus</B>&rdquo;
means the base prospectus included in the initial Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness thereof, as supplemented by the
final prospectus supplement relating to the offer and sale of the Shares, in the form filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act
Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&ldquo;<B>Underwriter
Information</B>&rdquo; means the information under the heading &ldquo;Underwriting&rdquo; in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus
(or any amendment or supplement thereto).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is &ldquo;contained,&rdquo; &ldquo;included&rdquo;
or &ldquo;stated&rdquo; (or other references of like import) in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus
shall be deemed to include all such financial statements and schedules and other information incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference
in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be, prior to the time of the execution and
delivery of this Agreement (the &ldquo;<B>Execution Time</B>&rdquo;); and all references in this Agreement to amendments or supplements
to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to include the filing of any document under
the 1934 Act, and the 1934 Regulations, incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any preliminary
prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be, at or after the Execution Time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
<U>Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, no Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicts
or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, including any document incorporated
by reference therein, and any preliminary or other prospectus deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified. Each
Issuer Free Writing Prospectus satisfied, as of its issue date and at all subsequent times to the Applicable Time, all other conditions
to use thereof as set forth in Rules 164 and 433 under the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)
<U>Company Not Ineligible Issuer</U>. At the time of filing the Registration Statement and any post-effective amendment thereto, at the
earliest time thereafter that the Company or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2)
of the 1933 Act Regulations) of the Shares and at the date hereof, the Company was not and is not an &ldquo;ineligible issuer,&rdquo;
as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act, including the Company or any subsidiary in the preceding three years not having been convicted
of a felony or misdemeanor or having been made the subject of a judicial or administrative decree or order as described in Rule 405 of
the 1933 Regulations (without taking into account of any determination by the Commission pursuant to Rule 405 of the 1933 Regulations
that it is not necessary that the Company be considered an ineligible issuer), nor an &ldquo;excluded issuer&rdquo; as defined in Rule
164 under the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)
<U>No Other Offering Materials</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Company has not distributed and will not distribute
any prospectus or other offering material in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares other than any preliminary prospectus,
the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or other materials permitted by the 1933 Act to be distributed by the Company; provided,
however, that, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Company has not made and will not make any offer relating to the
Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus except in accordance with this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(vi)
<U>Independent Accountants</U>. Marcum LLP, who have expressed their opinion with respect to the financial statements and supporting
schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement are independent registered public accountants as required
by the 1933 Act, the 1933 Act Regulations, the 1934 Act, the 1934 Act Regulations and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board,
any non-audit services provided by Marcum LLP to the Company or any of its subsidiaries have been approved by the Audit Committee of
the board of directors of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(vii)
<U>Financial Statements</U>. The financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General
Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly in all material respects the consolidated
financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the results of operations, stockholders&rsquo; equity
and cash flows for the periods specified; said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles (&ldquo;<B>GAAP</B>&rdquo;) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The supporting schedules, if any,
present fairly in all material respects, in accordance with GAAP, the information required to be stated therein. All non-GAAP financial
information included in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus complies with the requirements
of Regulation G and Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the 1933 Act; and, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure
Package and the Prospectus, there are no material off-balance sheet arrangements (as defined in Regulation S-K under the 1933 Act, Item
303(a)(4)(ii)) or any other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons, that may have a material current or, to the
Company&rsquo;s knowledge, material future effect on the Company&rsquo;s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital
expenditures, capital resources or significant components of revenue or expenses. Except as included therein, no historical or pro forma
financial statements or supporting schedules are required to be included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement,
the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus under the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations. The interactive data in extensible Business
Reporting Language incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus fairly
presents in all material respects the information called for and has been prepared in accordance with the Commission&rsquo;s rules and
guidelines applicable thereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(viii)
<U>No Material Adverse Change in Business</U>. Except as otherwise stated therein, since the respective dates as of which information
is included or incorporated by reference, in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, (A) there
has been no material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs, management, properties,
operations or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary
course of business (a &ldquo;<B>Material Adverse Effect</B>&rdquo;), (B) there have been no transactions entered into by the Company
or any of its subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary course of business, that are material with respect to the Company and its
subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (C) except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package
or the Prospectus, there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital
stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ix)
<U>Good Standing of the Company</U>. The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under
the laws of the State of Delaware and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business
as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations
under this Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each
other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct
of business, except where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(x)
<U>Good Standing of Subsidiaries</U>. Each subsidiary of the Company identified on listed on Exhibit 21.1 to the Pre-Effective Amendment
No. 1 to the Registration Statement (each, a &ldquo;<B>Subsidiary</B>&rdquo; and, collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Subsidiaries</B>&rdquo;)
has been duly organized, is validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization,
has corporate or similar power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the
Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and is duly qualified to transact business and is in good standing
in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct
of business, except where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as
otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, all of the issued and outstanding
capital stock of each Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and, except as set forth
on <B><U>Section 3(x)</U></B> of the Disclosure Schedule attached hereto as <B><U>Schedule B</U></B> (the &ldquo;<B>Disclosure Schedule</B>&rdquo;),
is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance
or claim. None of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights
of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. The only subsidiaries of the Company are (a) the subsidiaries listed on Exhibit 21.1 to the
Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement and (b) certain other subsidiaries which, considered in the aggregate as
a single subsidiary, do not constitute a &ldquo;significant subsidiary&rdquo; as defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xi)
<U>Capitalization</U>. The authorized, issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are as set forth in the Registration
Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement, pursuant
to reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the
Prospectus or pursuant to the exercise or conversion of convertible securities or options referred to in the Registration Statement,
the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, or as set forth on <B><U>Section 3(xi)</U></B> of the Disclosure Schedule). The outstanding
shares of capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable. None of the
outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company were issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder
of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xii)
<U>Authorization</U>. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xiii)
<U>Authorization and Description of Shares</U>. The Shares to be purchased by the Underwriters from the Company have been duly authorized
and are validly issued and, when paid for, will be fully paid and non-assessable; and the sale of the Shares is not subject to the preemptive
or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. The Shares conform in all material respects to all statements relating
thereto contained in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus and such description conforms to the
rights set forth in the instruments defining the same.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xiv)
<U>Registration Rights</U>. Except as set forth in <B><U>Section 3(xiv)</U></B> of the Disclosure Schedule, and except as otherwise disclosed
in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, there are no persons with registration rights or other
similar rights to have any securities registered for sale pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise registered for sale by
the Company under the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xv)
<U>Absence of Violations, Defaults and Conflicts</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is (A) in violation of its charter,
by-laws or similar organizational document, (B) in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or
condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or
instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound or to which any of the
properties or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject, except for such defaults that would not, singly or in the aggregate,
result in a Material Adverse Effect, or (C) in violation of any law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any
arbitrator, court, governmental body, regulatory body, administrative agency or other authority, body or agency having jurisdiction over
the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their respective properties, assets or operations (each, a &ldquo;<B>Governmental Entity</B>&rdquo;),
except for such violations that would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xvi)
<U>No Resulting Defaults and Conflicts</U>. The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement, the sale of the
Shares, the compliance by the Company with the terms hereof and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby
have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not and will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation
of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any material indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement
or other material agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries is bound or to which any of the properties or assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is subject, (ii) result
in any violation of the provisions of the charter or bylaws (or similar organizational document) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
or (iii) result in the violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental
or regulatory authority, except, in the case of clauses (i) and (iii) above, for any such conflict, breach, violation or default that
would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration
or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the execution, delivery and performance by
the Company of this Agreement, the sale of the Shares and compliance by the Company with the terms hereof and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby, except as have been made or obtained and except as may be required by and made with or obtained from
state securities laws or regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xvii)
<U>Absence of Labor Dispute</U>. No labor problem or dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or,
to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, is threatened or imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance
by the employees of any of its or its subsidiaries&rsquo; principal suppliers, contractors or customers, that could have a Material Adverse
Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xviii)
<U>Absence of Proceedings</U>. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus,
there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property
of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which would, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect
or would materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company or its subsidiaries to perform their respective obligations under
this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xix)
<U>Accuracy of Exhibits</U>. There are no contracts or documents that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or to
be filed as exhibits thereto that have not been so described and filed as required.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xx)
<U>Absence of Further Requirements</U>. No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification
or decree of, any Governmental Entity is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in connection
with the Company&rsquo;s execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by
this Agreement, except such as have been already obtained or as may be required under the 1933 Act, the 1933 Act Regulations, the OTC
Markets Group Inc.&rsquo;s OTCQX Best Market<SUP>&reg;</SUP> (the &ldquo;<B>OTCQX</B>&rdquo;), the rules of the NYSE American (&ldquo;<B>NYSE
American</B>&rdquo;), state securities laws or the rules of Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (&ldquo;<B>FINRA</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxi)
<U>Possession of Licenses and Permits</U>. The Company and its subsidiaries possess adequate certificates, authorities or permits issued
by appropriate Governmental Entities necessary to conduct the business now operated by them, except where the failure so to possess would
not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any
written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authority or permit that, if determined
adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material
Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxii)
<U>Title to Property</U>. The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all property (whether real or personal)
owned by them, in each case, free and clear of all liens, security interests, claims or encumbrances or defects of any kind except such
as (A) are described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, (B) as set forth in <B><U>Section
3(xxii)</U></B> of the Disclosure Schedule, or (C) would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. The property
held under lease by the Company and its subsidiaries is held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with only such exceptions
with respect to any particular lease as do not interfere in any material respect with the conduct of the business of the Company or its
subsidiaries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxiii)
<U>Intellectual Property</U>. The Company and each of its subsidiaries owns, possesses, has a valid license to use, or can acquire on
reasonable terms, all Intellectual Property necessary for the conduct of the Company&rsquo;s and its subsidiaries&rsquo; business as
now conducted or as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus to be conducted, except
as such failure to own, possess, license or acquire such rights would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. &ldquo;<B>Intellectual
Property</B>&rdquo; means all patents, patent applications, provisional patents, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations,
trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, domain names, technology, know-how and other intellectual property. Except
as described in the Registration Statement, in the General Disclosure Package and in the Prospectus or as would not individually or in
the aggregate be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (1) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, there is no infringement, misappropriation
or violation by third parties of any such Intellectual Property; (2) there is no pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened,
action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company&rsquo;s or any of its subsidiaries&rsquo; rights in or to any such
Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (3) the Intellectual
Property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries, and, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, the Intellectual Property licensed to the
Company and its subsidiaries, has not been adjudged invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, and there is no pending or, to the
Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any such Intellectual
Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts which would form a reasonable basis for any such claim; (4) there is no pending or,
to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company or any of its subsidiaries infringes,
misappropriates or otherwise violates any Intellectual Property or other proprietary rights of others, neither the Company or any of
its subsidiaries has received any written notice of such claim and the Company is unaware of any other fact which would form a reasonable
basis for any such claim; and (5) to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, no employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is in or has,
within the past three years, been in violation of any term of any employment contract, patent disclosure agreement, invention assignment
agreement, non-competition agreement, non-solicitation agreement, nondisclosure agreement or any restrictive covenant to or with a former
employer where the basis of such violation relates to such employee&rsquo;s employment with the Company or any of its subsidiaries or
actions undertaken by the employee while employed with the Company or any of its subsidiaries. The Company and its subsidiaries have
taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of all of their Intellectual Property, except where
failure to do so would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxiv)
<U>Environmental Laws</U>. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus or would
not individually or in the aggregate be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (i) the Company and its subsidiaries (A) are
in compliance with all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules, regulations, requirements, decisions and orders relating
to the protection of human health or safety, the environment, hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (collectively,
&ldquo;<B>Environmental Laws</B>&rdquo;), (B) have and are in compliance with all permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations
or approvals required under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses, and (C) have not received, and have
no knowledge of any event or condition that would reasonably be expected to result in, any notice of any actual or potential liability
or claim under or relating to any Environmental Laws and (ii) there are no costs or liabilities associated with Environmental Laws of
or relating to the Company or its subsidiaries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxv)
<U>Accounting Controls and Disclosure Controls</U>. The Company and each of its subsidiaries maintain internal control over financial
reporting (as defined under Rule 13a-15 under the 1934 Act Regulations) and a system of internal accounting controls designed to provide
reasonable assurances that (A) transactions are executed in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorization; (B)
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability
for assets; (C) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorization; and (D) the
recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with
respect to any differences. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the
Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting is effective and none of the Company, its board of directors and audit committee
is aware of any &ldquo;significant deficiencies&rdquo; or &ldquo;material weaknesses&rdquo; (each as defined by the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board) in its internal control over financial reporting, or any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or
other employees of the Company or its subsidiaries who have a significant role in the Company&rsquo;s internal controls; and since the
end of the latest audited fiscal year, there has been no change in the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting (whether
or not remediated) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company&rsquo;s internal control over
financial reporting. The Company&rsquo;s board of directors has, subject to the exceptions, cure periods and the phase in periods specified
in the applicable stock exchange rules (&ldquo;<B>Exchange Rules</B>&rdquo;), validly appointed an audit committee to oversee internal
accounting controls whose composition satisfies the applicable requirements of the Exchange Rules and the Company&rsquo;s board of directors
and/or the audit committee has adopted a charter that satisfies the requirements of the Exchange Rules. Except as disclosed in the Registration
Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, the Company and each of its subsidiaries maintain an effective system of
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15 under the 1934 Act Regulations) that are designed to ensure that information
required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is recorded, processed, summarized
and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission&rsquo;s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to the
Company&rsquo;s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and principal financial officer or officers, as appropriate,
to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxvi)
<U>Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act</U>. There is and has been no failure on the part of the Company or, to the Company&rsquo;s
knowledge, any of the Company&rsquo;s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply in all material respects with any
provision of Rule 404(a) of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxvii)
<U>Payment of Taxes</U>. The Company and its subsidiaries have timely filed all United States federal income and other material tax returns
that they were required by law to file (taking into account any valid extensions thereof), and all taxes required to be paid by the Company
and each of its subsidiaries that are due and payable have been paid, except for such taxes as are being contested in good faith by appropriate
proceedings and as to which adequate reserves have been established by the Company and its subsidiaries or except where the failure to
pay such taxes would not have a Material Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxviii)
<U>Insurance</U>. The Company and its subsidiaries carry or are entitled to the benefits of insurance, with reputable insurers, in such
amounts and covering such risks as is adequate for the conduct of their respective businesses and the value of their respective properties,
and all such insurance is in full force and effect. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has (A) received written notice from
any insurer or agent of such insurer that material capital improvements or other expenditures are required or necessary to be made in
order to continue such insurance or (B) any reason to believe that it will not be able (x) to renew its existing insurance coverage as
and when such policies expire or (y) to obtain comparable coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct
its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxix)
<U>Investment Company Act</U>. The Company is not required, and upon the sale of the Shares as herein contemplated will not be required,
to register as an &ldquo;investment company&rdquo; under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxx)
<U>Absence of Manipulation</U>. Neither the Company nor any subsidiary or controlled affiliate of the Company nor, to the Company&rsquo;s
knowledge, any other affiliate of the Company, has taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed, or would
reasonably be expected, to cause or result in, or which has constituted, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security
of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxi)
<U>Foreign Corrupt Practices Act</U>. None of the Company, any of its subsidiaries or, to the knowledge of the Company, any director,
officer, agent, employee, affiliate or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is aware of or has taken
any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as
amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the &ldquo;<B>FCPA</B>&rdquo;), including, without limitation, making use of the mails
or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization
of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any &ldquo;foreign
official&rdquo; (as such term is defined in the FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign
political office, in contravention of the FCPA and the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, its affiliates have conducted their
businesses in compliance with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably
expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxii)
<U>Money Laundering Laws</U>. The operations of the Company and its subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance
in all material respects with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions
Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct
Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA PATRIOT Act), the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and
any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Entity (collectively, the
&ldquo;<B>Money Laundering Laws</B>&rdquo;); and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any Governmental Entity involving the Company
or any of its subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxiii)
<U>No Conflict with Sanctions Laws</U>. <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to
the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (i) is the
subject or target of any sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. government (including, without limitation, the Office of Foreign
Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department, the U.S. Department of Commerce or the U.S. Department of State), the United Nations
Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty&rsquo;s Treasury, or other relevant sanctions authority (collectively, &ldquo;</FONT><B>Sanctions</B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">&rdquo;),
(ii) is located, organized or resident in a country or territory that is the subject or target of Sanctions (including, but not limited
to, Crimea, Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Syria) (each a &ldquo;</FONT><B>Sanctioned Country</B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">&rdquo;),
(iii) is a person or entity (&ldquo;</FONT><B>Person</B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">&rdquo;) on the list of &ldquo;Specially
Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons&rdquo; or any other Sanctions-related list, or (iv) is owned or otherwise controlled by any
Person on a Sanctions-related list. The Company will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute
or otherwise make available such proceeds, to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other person (i) to fund or facilitate any activities
of or business with any Person that, at the time of such funding or facilitating, is the subject or target of Sanctions, or is located,
organized or resident in a Sanctioned Country, or (ii) in any other manner that will result in a violation by any Person (including any
Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise) of Sanctions</FONT>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxiv)
<U>Brokerage Commissions</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding
with any person (other than this Agreement) that could reasonably be expected to give rise to a valid claim against the Company or any
of its subsidiaries or the Underwriters for a brokerage commission, finder&rsquo;s fee or like payment in connection with the offering
and sale of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxv)
<U>Exchange Rules</U>. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, the Company
is, and after giving effect to the sale of Shares will be, in compliance in all material respects with all applicable corporate governance
requirements set forth by the OTCQX and NYSE American. No approval of stockholders of the Company under the rules and regulations of
either OTCQX or NYSE American is required for the Company to deliver the Shares to the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxvi)
<U>Six Month Period Prior to Offering</U>. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the
Prospectus, and except as set forth on <B><U>Schedule 3(xxxvi)</U></B> to the Disclosure Schedule, the Company has not sold, issued or
distributed any shares of Common Stock during the six-month period preceding the date hereof, including any sales pursuant to Rule 144A
under, or Regulation D or S of, the 1933 Act, other than shares issued pursuant to employee benefit plans, qualified stock option plans
or other employee or consultant compensation plans or pursuant to outstanding options, restricted stock units, rights or warrants.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxvii)
<U>Cybersecurity; Data Protection</U><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">. The Company and its subsidiaries&rsquo; information technology
assets and equipment, computers, systems, networks, hardware, software, websites, applications and databases (collectively, &ldquo;</FONT><B>IT
Systems</B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">&rdquo;) are adequate for, and operate and perform in all material respects as required
in connection with the operation of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries as currently conducted, free and clear of all material
bugs, errors, defects, Trojan horses, time bombs, malware and other corruptants. The Company and its subsidiaries have implemented and
maintained commercially reasonable controls, policies, procedures, and safeguards to maintain and protect their material confidential
information and the integrity, continuous operation, redundancy and security of all IT Systems and data (including all personal, personally
identifiable, sensitive, confidential or regulated data (&ldquo;</FONT><B>Personal Data</B><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">&rdquo;))
used in connection with their businesses, and there have been no breaches, violations, outages or unauthorized uses of or accesses to
same, except for those that have been remedied without material cost or liability. The Company and its subsidiaries are presently in
material compliance with all applicable laws or statutes and all judgments, orders, rules and regulations of any court or arbitrator
or governmental or regulatory authority, internal policies and contractual obligations relating to the privacy and security of IT Systems
and Personal Data and to the protection of such IT Systems and Personal Data from unauthorized use, access, misappropriation or modification</FONT>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxviii)
<U>Related Party Transactions</U><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">. No relationship, direct or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge,
indirect, exists between or among any of the Company or any affiliate of the Company, on the one hand, and any director, officer, member,
stockholder, customer or supplier of the Company or any affiliate of the Company, on the other hand, which is required by the 1933 Act
to be disclosed in a registration statement on Form S-1 which is not so disclosed in the Registration Statement. Except as otherwise
disclosed in the Registration Statement, there are no outstanding loans, advances (except advances for business expenses in the ordinary
course of business) or guarantees of indebtedness by the Company or any affiliate of the Company to or for the benefit of any of the
officers or directors of the Company or any affiliate of the Company or any of their respective family members</FONT>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xxxix)
<U>Reverse Stock Split</U>. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority, and has obtained all requisite approval or authorization
of any stockholder, the board of directors of the Company or others, in order to effect the reverse stock split of the Company&rsquo;s
shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B>Reverse Stock Split</B>&rdquo;) as described in the Registration Statement, General Disclosure
Package and Prospectus, such Reverse Stock Split to be effective no later than the open of trading of the Firm Shares on the first trading
date following the date hereof. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the board of directors of the Company or others
is required to effect the Reverse Stock Split.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(xl)
<U>Statistical and Market-Related Data</U>. Any third-party statistical and market-related data included in the Registration Statement,
the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company reasonably and in good faith believes
are reliable and accurate in all material respects and such data agree with the sources from which they are derived.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<I>Officer&rsquo;s Certificates</I>. Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries that is delivered
to the Underwriters or to counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Underwriters
as to the matters covered thereby.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
4. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Covenants of the Company</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The Company covenants with the Underwriters as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
<I>Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests</I>. The Company, subject to Section 4(b), will comply with the requirements
of Rule 430B, and will notify the Underwriters promptly, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when any post-effective amendment to
the Registration Statement shall become effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus shall have been filed, (ii) of the
receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or
any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus, including any document incorporated by reference therein or for additional information,
(iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective
amendment thereto or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus, or of the suspension
of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for
any of such purposes or of any examination pursuant to Section 8(e) of the 1933 Act concerning the Registration Statement and (v) if
the Company becomes the subject of a proceeding under Section 8A of the 1933 Act in connection with the offering of the Shares. The Company
will effect all filings required under Rule 424(b), in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b) (without reliance
on Rule 424(b)(8)), and will take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for
filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus.
The Company will make every reasonable effort to prevent the issuance of any stop order, prevention or suspension and, if any such order
is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<I>Continued Compliance with Securities Laws</I>. The Company will comply with the 1933 Act, the 1933 Act Regulations, the 1934 Act and
the 1934 Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Shares as contemplated in this Agreement and in the
Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. If at any time when a prospectus relating to the Shares is
(or, but for the exception afforded by Rule 172 of the 1933 Act Regulations (&ldquo;<B>Rule 172</B>&rdquo;), would be) required by the
1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which
it is necessary, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters or for the Company, to (i) amend the Registration Statement in order
that the Registration Statement will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to
be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) amend or supplement the Registration Statement, the
General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus in order that the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus,
as the case may be, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make
the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser or (iii)
amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, as the case may be, in order
to comply with the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations, the Company will promptly (A) give the Underwriters notice
of such event, (B) prepare any amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration
Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus comply with such requirements and, a reasonable amount of time prior to any
proposed filing or use, furnish the Underwriters with copies of any such amendment or supplement and (C) file with the Commission any
such amendment or supplement; provided that the Company shall not file or use any such amendment or supplement to which the Underwriters
or counsel for the Underwriters shall reasonably object. The Company will furnish to the Underwriters such number of copies of such amendment
or supplement as the Underwriters may reasonably request. The Company has given the Underwriters notice of any filings made by it pursuant
to the 1934 Act or 1934 Act Regulations within 48 hours prior to the Applicable Time; the Company will give the Underwriters notice of
its intention to make any such filing from the Applicable Time to the Closing Date and will furnish the Underwriters with copies of any
such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing, as the case may be, and, subject to the requirements of applicable
laws and regulations, will not file or use any such document to which the Underwriters or counsel for the Underwriters shall reasonably
object.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
<I>Delivery of Registration Statements</I>. To the extent not available through EDGAR, the Company will furnish or deliver to the Underwriters
and counsel for the Underwriters, without charge, upon request, (i) copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each
amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein and documents incorporated or deemed to be
incorporated by reference therein) and (ii) copies of all consents and certificates of experts.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
<I>Delivery of Prospectuses</I>. The Company has delivered to the Underwriters as many copies of each preliminary prospectus as the Underwriters
reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the 1933 Act. The Company will
furnish to the Underwriters during the period when a prospectus relating to the Shares is (or, but for the exception afforded by Rule
172, would be) required to be delivered under the 1933 Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as the
Underwriters may reasonably request. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the Underwriters will be identical
to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation
S-T.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
<I>Blue Sky Qualifications</I>. To take promptly from time to time such actions as the Representative may reasonably request to qualify
the Shares for offering and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) as the Representative
may designate and to continue such qualifications in effect, and to comply with such laws, for so long as required to permit the offer
and sale of Shares in such jurisdictions; <I>provided </I>that the Company and its subsidiaries shall not be obligated to (i) qualify
as foreign corporations in any jurisdiction in which they are not so qualified, (ii) to file a general consent to service of process
in any jurisdiction or (iii) subject themselves to taxation in any such jurisdiction if they are not otherwise so subject. The parties
acknowledge and agree that to the extent that the Shares qualify as Covered Securities (as defined under Section 18 of the 1933 Act),
no such actions shall be required with respect to the qualification of the Shares in any state.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
<I>Rule 158</I>. The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the 1934 Act as are necessary in order to make generally available
to its securityholders as soon as practicable an earnings statement for the purposes of, and to provide to the Underwriters the benefits
contemplated by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)
<I>Listing</I>. The Shares have been approved for listing on the NYSE American under the symbol &ldquo;AREN,&rdquo; the Company is in
compliance with the listing and maintenance criteria applicable to NYSE American issuers, and the Company has taken no action designed
to, or likely to have the effect of, delisting the Shares from the NYSE American nor has the Company received any notification that the
NYSE American is contemplating terminating such listing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)
<I>FINRA Filing</I>. The Company will use its best efforts to assist the Underwriters, if requested by the Underwriters, with any filings
with FINRA and obtaining clearance from FINRA as to the amount of compensation allowable or payable to the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
<I>Reporting Requirements</I>. The Company, during the period when a prospectus relating to the Shares is (or, but for the exception
afforded by Rule 172, would be) required to be delivered under the 1933 Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission
pursuant to the 1934 Act within the time periods required by the 1934 Act and 1934 Act Regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)
<I>Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses</I>. The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representative and
subject to the requirements of the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations, it will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would
constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a &ldquo;free writing prospectus,&rdquo; or a portion
thereof, required to be filed by the Company with the Commission or retained by the Company under Rule 433; provided that the Representative
will be deemed to have consented to any &ldquo;road show that is a written communication&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i)
that has been reviewed by the Representative. The Company represents that it has treated or agrees that it will treat each such free
writing prospectus consented to, or deemed consented to, by the Representative as an &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus,&rdquo; as
defined in Rule 433, and that it has complied and will comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 433 with respect thereto, including
timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. If at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus there occurred or occurs an event or development as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus conflicted or would
conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or included or would include an untrue statement of a material
fact or omitted or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances
existing at that subsequent time, not misleading (other than with respect to any Underwriter Information), the Company will promptly
notify the Representative and will promptly amend or supplement, at its own expense, such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus to eliminate
or correct such conflict, untrue statement or omission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)
<I>Communications Prior to Closing</I>. Prior to the Applicable Time and the Closing Date, the Company will not issue any press release
or other communication directly or indirectly or hold any press conference with respect to the Company, its condition, financial or otherwise,
or earnings, business affairs or business prospects (except for routine oral marketing communications in the ordinary course of business
and consistent with the past practices of the Company and of which the Representative is notified), without the prior written consent
of the Representative, unless in the judgment of the Company and its counsel, and after notification to the Representative, such press
release or communication is required by law or applicable stock exchange rules.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l) <I>Company
Lock-Up</I>. For a period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the 120<SUP>th</SUP> day after the date of this Agreement, the
Company agrees not to, directly or indirectly, without the prior written consent of the Representative, (1) offer for sale, sell,
pledge or otherwise dispose of (or enter into any transaction or device that is designed to, or would be reasonably expected to,
result in the disposition by any person at any time in the future of) any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or
exchangeable for Common Stock or sell or grant options, rights or warrants with respect to any shares of Common Stock or securities
convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, (2) enter into any swap or other derivatives transaction that transfers to
another, in whole or in part, any of the economic benefits or risks of ownership of such shares of Common Stock, whether any such
transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or other securities, in cash or
otherwise, (3) file or cause to be filed a registration statement, including any amendments, with respect to the registration under
the 1933 Act for the offer and sale by the Company of any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible, exercisable or
exchangeable into Common Stock or any other securities of the Company or (4) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the
foregoing. <FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">The restrictions contained in the preceding sentence shall not apply to any one or more
of the following: (A) the Shares to be sold hereunder and any post-effective amendments to the Registration Statement filed
consistent with the terms of this Agreement, (B) the issuance or grant of shares of Common Stock, restricted stock awards,
restricted stock units, performance units, options to purchase Common Stock or units pursuant to employee benefit plans, qualified
stock option plans or other employee compensation plans in effect on the date of this Agreement or pursuant to currently outstanding
restricted stock units, performance units, options, warrants or rights, (C) the issuance of shares of Common Stock pursuant to the
exercise of warrants or conversion of preferred stock outstanding on the date hereof and described in the Prospectus, (D) the filing
by the Company of any registration statement on Form S-8 in respect of any employee benefit plan, qualified stock option plan or
other employee compensation plan in effect on the date hereof and described in the Prospectus and </FONT>(E) shares of Common Stock
to be issued to one or more counterparties in connection with the consummation of a strategic partnership, joint venture,
collaboration, merger, co-promotion or distribution arrangement, or the acquisition or in-licensing of any business products or
technologies; provided, that the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued under this Subsection (E) shall not exceed 5% of
the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding as of the date hereof; and provided further, that prior to such
issuance, each recipient of such shares under this subsection (E) shall execute and deliver to the Representative a Lock-Up
Agreement (as defined below) substantially in the form of <B><U>Schedule E</U></B> hereto.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(m)
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Lock-Up Agreements</I>. The Company agrees</FONT> to cause
each officer, director and certain of its stockholders set forth on <B><U>Schedule D</U></B> hereto to furnish to the Underwriters, prior
to the date of this Agreement, a letter or letters, substantially in the form of <B><U>Schedule E</U></B> hereto (the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up
Agreements</B>&rdquo;). The Company will issue stop-transfer instructions to the transfer agent for the Common Stock with respect to
the Lock-Up Agreements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)
<I>Reverse Stock Split</I>. The Reverse Stock Split shall have been effected prior to the open of trading of the Firm Shares on the first
trading day following the date of this Agreement. The Company further agrees that until ninety (90) days after the Closing Date and except for the Reverse Stock Split as disclosed in the
Registration Statement, the Company shall not undertake a reverse or forward stock split or reclassification of the Common Stock without
the prior written consent of the Representative.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
5. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Payment of Expenses</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
All out-of-pocket expenses of the Company incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement shall be borne by the Company,
including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the following: (i) the accounting fees of the Company; (ii) the fees and
disbursements of counsel for the Company; (iii) all costs and expenses related to the transfer and delivery of the Shares to the Underwriters;
(iv) the cost of printing and delivering to, or as requested by, the Underwriters copies of the Registration Statement, the preliminary
prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, the Prospectus, this Agreement, any Blue Sky survey, in each case, any supplements or
amendments thereto; (v) the filing fees of the Commission, if any; (vi) the filing fees and expenses incident to securing any required
review by FINRA of the terms of the sale of the Shares; (vii) the cost of printing certificates, if any, representing the Shares; (viii)
the costs and charges of any transfer agent, registrar or depositary; (ix) the fees and expenses associated with listing the Shares on
NYSE American; (x) any roadshow expenses of the Company and its representatives (including the Underwriters), including, without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, the costs and expenses of the Company relating to the production of roadshow slides and graphics, communication
and electronic marketing expenses, the fees and expenses of any consultants engaged by the Company in connection with the roadshow presentations,
travel and lodging expenses (including airfare and ground transportation) of the representatives and officers of the Company, and any
consultants, and, with the prior written consent of the Company, the cost of aircraft and other transportation chartered in connection
with the roadshow; and (xi) the reasonable and documented fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters, including reasonable
and documented fees and disbursements in connection with qualification under FINRA regulations and state securities or Blue Sky laws.
The estimated expenses of the Underwriter is $200,000.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<I>Termination of Agreement</I>. If this Agreement is terminated by the Underwriters in accordance with the provisions of Section 7,
Section 11(a)(i) or (iii) or Section 12 hereof, the Company shall share equally in reimbursing the Underwriters for all of their reasonable,
documented out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
6. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Conditions of Underwriters&rsquo; Obligations</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The obligations of the Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy, when made and as of the Applicable Time and as of the Closing
Date or any Option Closing Date, of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein, to the accuracy of the statements
made in certificates of any officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance
by the Company of their covenants and obligations hereunder, and to the following further conditions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
<I>Effectiveness of Registration Statement</I>. The Registration Statement has become effective and at the Closing Date or any Option
Closing Date, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto has been
issued under the 1933 Act, no order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus has been issued
and no proceedings for any of those purposes have been instituted or are pending or, to the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, threatened; and
the Company has complied, to the Commission&rsquo;s satisfaction, with each request (if any) from the Commission for additional information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<I>Contents of Registration Statement</I>. The Representative shall not have discovered and disclosed to the Company on or prior to the
Applicable Time, Closing Date or any Option Closing Date that the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement thereto contains
an untrue statement of a fact which, in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters, is material or omits to state any fact which, in
the opinion of such counsel, is material and is required to be stated therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading,
or that the General Disclosure Package, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto contains
an untrue statement of fact which, in the opinion of such counsel, is material or omits to state any fact which, in the opinion of such
counsel, is material and is necessary in order to make the states, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
<I>No Material Adverse Change</I><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">. Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement,
there shall not have occurred (i) any change, or any development or event involving a prospective change, in the condition (financial
or otherwise), results of operations, business, properties or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole which, in
the judgment of the Representative, is material and adverse and makes it impractical or inadvisable to market the Shares; (ii) any downgrading
in the rating of any debt securities or preferred stock of the Company by any &ldquo;nationally recognized statistical rating organization&rdquo;
(as defined in Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act), or any public announcement that any such organization has under surveillance or
review its rating of any debt securities or preferred stock of the Company (other than an announcement with positive implications of
a possible upgrading, and no implication of a possible downgrading, of such rating) or any announcement that the Company has been placed
on negative outlook; (iii) any change in U.S. or international financial, political or economic conditions or currency exchange rates
or exchange controls the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Representative, impractical to market or to enforce
contracts for the sale of the Shares, whether in the primary market or in respect of dealings in the secondary market; (iv) any suspension
or material limitation of trading in securities generally on the OTCQX, New York Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange American or
Nasdaq Stock Market, or any setting of minimum or maximum prices for trading on such exchange; (v) or any suspension of trading of any
securities of the Company on any exchange or in the over-the-counter market; (vi) any banking moratorium declared by any U.S. federal
or New York authorities; (vii) any major disruption of settlements of securities, payment, or clearance services in the United States
or any other country where such securities are listed or (viii) any attack on, outbreak or escalation of hostilities or act of terrorism
involving the United States, any declaration of war by Congress or any other national or international calamity or emergency if, in the
judgment of the Representative, the effect of any such attack, outbreak, escalation, act, declaration, calamity or emergency is such
as to make it impractical or inadvisable to market the Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares</FONT>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
<I>Opinion of Counsel and Negative Assurance Letter for Company</I>. At the Closing Date and in connection with any Option Closing Date,
the Representative shall have received the opinion and negative assurance letter, dated the Closing Date or Option Closing Date, as applicable,
of Baker &amp; Hostetler LLP, special counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
<I>Negative Assurance Letter for Underwriters</I><FONT STYLE="background-color: white">. </FONT>At the Closing Date, the Representative
shall have received the negative assurance letter, dated the Closing Date, of The NBD Group, Inc., special counsel for the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
<I>Officers&rsquo; Certificates</I>. At the Closing Date and in connection with any Option Closing Date, there shall not have been, since
the date hereof or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure
Package or the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings or business affairs
of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and t<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">he
Representative shall have received a certificate, attached as <B><U>Section 6(f)</U></B> to the Disclosure Schedule, of an executive
officer of the Company and a principal financial or accounting officer of the Company, in which such officers shall state that: the representations
and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct as of the Closing Date or any Option Closing Date; the Company has
complied in all material respects with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder
at or prior to such Closing Date or any such Option Closing Date; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or, to the best of their knowledge and after reasonable investigation,
are contemplated by the Commission; and, subsequent to the date of the most recent financial statements in the General Disclosure Package,
there has been no material adverse change, nor any development or event involving a prospective material adverse change, in the condition
(financial or otherwise), results of operations, business, properties or prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole
except as set forth in the General Disclosure Package or as described in such certificate</FONT>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)
<I>CFO Certificate</I>. On the date of this Agreement, the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, the Representative shall have received
a certificate, <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">attached as <B><U>Section 6(e)</U></B> to the Disclosure Schedule, </FONT>dated
the respective dates of delivery thereof and addressed to the Underwriters, of its Chief Financial Officer with respect to certain financial
data contained in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, providing &ldquo;management comfort&rdquo;
with respect to such information, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representative.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(h)
<I>Auditor Comfort Letter</I>. At the Execution Time, the Representative shall have received from Marcum LLP a letter, dated such date,
in form and substance satisfactory to the Representative, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other
Underwriters containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants&rsquo; &ldquo;comfort letters&rdquo;
to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in the Registration Statement, the
General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
<I>Bring-down Comfort Letter</I>. At the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, the Representative shall have received from Marcum
LLP a letter, dated as of the Closing Date or Option Closing Date, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter
furnished pursuant to subsection (h) of this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than two business
days prior to the Closing Date or Option Closing Date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j) <I>Lock-Up
Agreements</I>. At or prior to the Execution Time, the Representative shall have received the written Lock-Up Agreements
substantially in the form attached as <B><U>Schedule E</U></B> from each of the Company&rsquo;s officers, directors and certain of
its stockholders listed in <B><U>Schedule D</U></B>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)
<I>Additional Documents</I>. At the Closing Date and any Option Closing Date, counsel for the Underwriters shall have been furnished
with such documents as they may reasonably require from the Company for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the sale of the Shares
as herein contemplated, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of
the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the sale of the Shares as herein contemplated
shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Representative and counsel for the Underwriters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)
<I>Termination of Agreement</I>. If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be
fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the Underwriters by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to Closing Date or any
Option Closing Date and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 6 and
except that Sections 1, 7, 8, 9, 15 and 16 shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
7. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Indemnification</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
<I>Indemnification of Underwriters by the Company</I>. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates
and each of its and their respective directors, officers, members, employees, representatives and agents and their respective affiliates
(as such term is defined in Rule 501(b) under the 1933 Act (each, an &ldquo;<B>Affiliate</B>&rdquo;)), its selling agents and each person,
if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act (each, an &ldquo;<B>Indemnified
Party</B>&rdquo;) as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
against any and all direct loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of or based on any untrue
statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including
any information deemed to be a part thereof pursuant to Rule 430B, or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue
statement of a material fact included in any preliminary prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment
or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein,
in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
against any and all direct loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount
paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened,
or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided
that (subject to Section 8(d) below) any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
against any and all reasonable, documented out-of-pocket expenses, as incurred (including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel
chosen by the Representative), incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding
by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission,
or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">provided,
however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of
any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto),
including any information deemed to be a part thereof pursuant to Rule 430B, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus (or any
amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with the Underwriter Information. The Company also agrees to indemnify
and hold harmless, the Representative, its affiliates, directors and officers from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and
liabilities incurred as a result of the participation of Lake Street Capital Market, LLC as a &ldquo;qualified independent underwriter&rdquo;
within the meaning of FINRA Rule 5121 in connection with the offering of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<I>Indemnification of Company</I>. The Underwriters agree to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, each of its officers
who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933
Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act, against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained
in subsection (a) of this Section, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements
or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including any information deemed to be a part thereof pursuant
to Rule 430B, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity
with the Underwriter Information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
<I>Actions against Parties; Notification</I>. Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably practicable to each
indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify
an indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not materially prejudiced
as a result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity
agreement. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement
thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other
indemnifying party similarly notified, if any, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel selected in accordance with the next sentence,
and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying
party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under this Section 8 for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses,
in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable, documented
out-of-pocket costs of investigation; provided, however, the indemnifying party shall not, under any of the circumstances described in
clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) below, have the right to assume or direct the defense thereof and shall be liable to such indemnified
party under this Section 8 for any reasonable, documented out-of-pocket legal expenses of other counsel or any other reasonable, documented
out-of-pocket expenses in connection with the defense thereof if, in the reasonable judgment of the indemnified party (i) the use of
the counsel chosen by the indemnifying party to represent the indemnified party would present such counsel with a conflict of interest,
(ii) representation of the indemnified party by such counsel would be inappropriate due to differing interests between the indemnifying
party and any indemnified party, (iii) there are likely to be defenses available to the indemnified party that are different from, or
in addition to, the defenses available to the indemnifying party, or (iv) the indemnifying party fails to use reasonable diligence in
defending against such action. In the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 8(a) or 8(b) above, counsel to the indemnified
parties shall be selected by the Representative, and, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 8(c) above, counsel to the
indemnified parties shall be selected by the Company. An indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any
such action; provided, however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the consent of the indemnified party) also
be counsel to the indemnified party. In no event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel
(in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or separate
but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying
party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties (which consent shall not be unreasonable withheld), settle
or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental
agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which indemnification or contribution could be sought
under this Section 8 or Section 9 hereof (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless such
settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such
litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a
failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
<I>Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse</I>. If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party
to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement
of the nature contemplated by Section 8(a)(ii) or Section 8(b)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered
into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request for reimbursement, (ii) such indemnifying party
shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 45 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (iii) such
indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement
or shall not have disputed in good faith the indemnified party&rsquo;s entitlement to such reimbursement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
8. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Contribution</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
To the extent the indemnification provided for in Section 8 hereof is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless
an indemnified party in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party
shall contribute to the aggregate amount of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such indemnified party,
as incurred, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and
the Underwriters, on the other hand, from the offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by
clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred
to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and of the Underwriters, on the other hand, in connection
with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other hand, in connection with the offering
of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the
offering of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company, on the one hand, and the total
underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters, on the other hand, in each case as set forth on the cover of the
Prospectus, bear to the aggregate public offering price of the Shares as set forth on the cover of the Prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other
things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact
relates to information supplied by the Company or by the Underwriters and the parties&rsquo; relative intent, knowledge, access to information
and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8 were determined
by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above
in this Section 8. The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an indemnified party and referred
to above in this Section 8 shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in investigating,
preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened,
or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
the provisions of this Section 8, the Underwriters shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the
total price at which the Shares underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any
damages which the Underwriters have otherwise been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission
or alleged omission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution
from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
purposes of this Section 8, each person, if any, who controls an Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section
20 of the 1934 Act and the Underwriter&rsquo;s Affiliates and selling agents shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter;
and each director of the Company, each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls
the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution
as the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
9. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Representations, Warranties and Agreements
to Survive</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">. All representations, warranties
and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries submitted pursuant
hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Underwriters
or their Affiliates or selling agents, any person controlling the Underwriter, its officers or directors or any person controlling the
Company and (ii) delivery of and payment for the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
10. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Termination of Agreement</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
<I>Termination</I>. The Underwriters may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to the Closing Date
(or, in the case of an Option Closing Date that is subsequent to the Closing Date for the Firm Shares), (i) if there has been, since
the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement,
the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings
or business affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of
business, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Underwriters, impracticable or inadvisable to
proceed with the completion of the offering or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares, or (ii) if there has occurred any material
adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation
thereof involving the United States or other material calamity or crisis or any material adverse change or development involving a prospective
material adverse change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is
such as to make it, in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Representative, impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the completion
of the offering or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company has been suspended
or materially limited by the Commission, OTCQX or NYSE American where trading has not been suspended or materially limited as described
in the immediately following clause, or (iv) if trading generally on the OTCQX, New York Stock Exchange, New York Stock Exchange American
or on the Nasdaq Stock Market has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or
maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by order of the Commission, FINRA or any other governmental
authority, or (v) a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United
States, or (vi) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal or New York authorities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
<I>Liabilities</I>. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party
to any other party except as provided in Section 6 hereof, and provided further that Sections 1, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17 and 18 shall survive
such termination and remain in full force and effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
11. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Default by the Company</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
If the Company shall fail at the Closing Date (or, in the case of an Option Closing Date that is subsequent to the Closing Date for the
Firm Shares) to sell the number of Shares that they are obligated to sell hereunder, then this Agreement shall terminate without any
liability on the part of any non-defaulting party; provided, however, that the provisions of Sections 1, 6, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17 and 18 shall
remain in full force and effect.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
12. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Default by the Underwriters</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
If, on the Closing Date or an Option Closing Date, as the case may be, any one or more of the Underwriters shall fail or refuse to purchase
Shares that it has or they have agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, and the aggregate number of Shares which such defaulting Underwriter
or Underwriters agreed but failed or refused to purchase is not more than one-tenth of the aggregate number of the Shares to be purchased
on such date, the other Underwriters shall be obligated severally in the proportions that the number of Shares set forth opposite their
respective names in <B><U>Schedule C</U></B> bears to the aggregate number of Shares set forth opposite the names of all such non-defaulting
Underwriters, or in such other proportions as the Underwriters may specify, to purchase the Shares which such defaulting Underwriter
or Underwriters agreed but failed or refused to purchase on such date; <I>provided</I> that in no event shall the number of Shares that
any Underwriter has agreed to purchase pursuant to this Agreement be increased pursuant to this Section 12 by an amount in excess of
one-ninth of such number of Shares without the written consent of such Underwriter. If, on the Closing Date, any Underwriter or Underwriters
shall fail or refuse to purchase Shares and the aggregate number of Shares with respect to which such default occurs is more than one-tenth
of the aggregate number of Shares to be purchased on such date, and arrangements satisfactory to the Underwriters and the Company for
the purchase of such Shares are not made within 36 hours after such default, this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the
part of any non-defaulting Underwriter or the Company. If, on an Option Closing Date, any Underwriter or Underwriters shall fail or refuse
to purchase Option Shares and the aggregate number of Option Shares with respect to which such default occurs is more than one-tenth
of the aggregate number of Option Shares to be purchased on such Option Closing Date, the non-defaulting Underwriters shall have the
option to (i) terminate their obligation hereunder to purchase the Option Shares to be sold on such Option Closing Date or (ii) purchase
not less than the number of Option Shares that such non-defaulting Underwriters would have been obligated to purchase in the absence
of such default. Any action taken under this paragraph shall not relieve any defaulting Underwriter from liability in respect of any
default of such Underwriter under this Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
13. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Notices</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted
by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the Representative shall be directed to B. Riley Securities, Inc. at 11100 Santa
Monica Blvd., Suite 800, Attention: Jon Merriman, and a copy to The NBD Group, Inc., 350 N. Glendale Avenue, Suite B-522, Glendale, CA
91206, attention of Sara L. Terheggen, Esq.; and notices to the Company shall be directed to it at theMaven, Inc., 200 Vesey Street,
24<SUP>th</SUP> Floor, New York, New York 10281, attention of Julie R. Fenster, Esq, with a copy to Baker &amp; Hostetler LLP, 11601
Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1400, Los Angeles, California 90025, attention Jeffrey P. Berg, Esq. and Alissa K. Lugo, Esq.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
14. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>No Advisory or Fiduciary Relationship</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that (a) the purchase and sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement, including the determination
of the public offering price of the Shares and any related discounts and commissions, is an arm&rsquo;s-length commercial transaction
between the Company, on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other hand, (b) in connection with the offering of the Shares and
the process leading thereto, each Underwriter is and has been acting solely as a principal and is not the agent or fiduciary of the Company,
any of its subsidiaries, or its respective stockholders, creditors, employees or any other party, (c) no Underwriter has assumed or will
assume an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Company with respect to the offering of the Shares or the process leading
thereto (irrespective of whether the Underwriters has advised or is currently advising the Company or any of its subsidiaries on other
matters) and the Underwriters have no obligation to the Company with respect to the offering of the Shares except the obligations expressly
set forth in this Agreement, (d) each Underwriter and their respective affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that
involve interests that differ from those of the Company, and (e) the Underwriters have not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory
or tax advice with respect to the offering of the Shares and the Company has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax
advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
15. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Parties</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
This Agreement shall each inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Underwriters, the Company and their respective successors.
Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than
the Underwriters, the Company and their respective successors and the controlling persons and officers and directors referred to in Sections
8 and 9 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement
or any provision herein contained. This Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive
benefit of the Underwriters, the Company and their respective successors, and said controlling persons and officers and directors and
their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Shares from the Underwriters
shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
16. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Trial by Jury</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
Each of the Company (on its behalf and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, on behalf of its stockholders and affiliates) and
the Underwriters hereby irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to trial by jury in
any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
17. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>GOVERNING LAW</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
THIS AGREEMENT AND ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY OR DISPUTE ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF, THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO ITS CHOICE OF LAW PROVISIONS.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
18. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>TIME</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE SET FORTH HEREIN, SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
19. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Partial Unenforceability</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The invalidity or unenforceability of any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability
of any other Section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement is for any reason determined
to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made such minor changes (and only such minor changes) as are necessary to
make it valid and enforceable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
20. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Research Analyst Independence</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The Company acknowledges that each Underwriter&rsquo;s research analysts and research departments are required to be independent from
its investment banking division and are subject to certain regulations and internal policies, and that such Underwriter&rsquo;s research
analysts may hold views and make statements or investment recommendations and/or publish research reports with respect to the Company
and/or the sale of Shares that differ from the views of their investment banking division. The Company acknowledges that each Underwriter
is a full service securities firm and as such from time to time, subject to applicable securities laws, rules and regulations, may effect
transactions for its own account or the account of its customers and hold long or short positions in debt or equity securities of the
Company; <I>provided, however</I>, that nothing in this Section 20 shall relieve any Underwriter of any responsibility or liability it
may otherwise bear in connection with activities in violation of applicable securities laws, rules or regulation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
21. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Counterparts</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts
shall together constitute one and the same Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase"><B>SECTION
22. </B></FONT><B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Effect of Headings</U></FONT></B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">.
The Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return a counterpart hereof, whereupon this
instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement among the Underwriters and the Company in accordance with its
terms.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very
    truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">COMPANY:</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase">The
    Arena Group Holdings</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">, INC.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Doug Smith</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> Doug Smith</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> Chief Financial Officer &amp; Secretary</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 4in; text-indent: 13.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONFIRMED
    AND ACCEPTED,</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">as
    of the date first above written:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">B.
    RILEY SECURITIES, INC.</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    Jimmy Baker</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> Jimmy Baker</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> Head of Capital Markets</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SCHEDULE
A</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
of Firm Shares to be Sold by the Company: 3,636,364</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
of Option Shares to be Sold by the Company: 545,454</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Public
Offering Price: $8.25 per Share</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Underwriting
Discount: $0.536250 per Share</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Maximum
Expected Proceeds to the Company (before underwriting discounts and expenses): Approximately $34,500,000 (assuming sale of Option Shares
in full)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SCHEDULE
B</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Disclosure
Schedules</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SCHEDULE
C</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Underwriter</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Number
    of Shares</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 78%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">B. Riley Securities,
    Inc.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 18%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,000,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Lake Street Capital Markets
    LLC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">636,364</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SCHEDULE
D</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Persons
Subject to Lock-Up</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SCHEDULE
E</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Form
of Lock-up Agreement</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">________,
2022</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">B.
Riley Securities, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11100
Santa Monica Blvd., Suite 800</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Los
Angeles, CA 90025</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 38.25pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Re:
<U>theMaven, Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) - Restriction on Stock Sales</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 37.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
letter agreement is delivered to you pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement (the &ldquo;<B>Underwriting Agreement</B>&rdquo;) to be entered
into by the Company and B. Riley Securities, Inc., as representative of the underwriters (the &ldquo;<B>Representative</B>&rdquo;) named
therein. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Underwriting Agreement, the Underwriters intend to effect a public offering
of shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Shares</B>&rdquo;), as described in and contemplated
by the registration statement of the Company on Form S-1 (as amended, the &ldquo;<B>Registration Statement</B>&rdquo;), to be filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;<B>Offering</B>&rdquo;). Terms used herein, but not defined, shall have the meaning
ascribed to them in the Underwriting Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 37.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned recognizes that it is in the best financial interests of the undersigned, as an officer or director, or an owner of Common
Stock, options, warrants, performance units or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock of the Company (the
&ldquo;<B>Company Securities</B>&rdquo;), that the undersigned not sell Company Securities in the public market for a reasonable period
beginning with the date first above written about and ending [90/120] days following the Offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 37.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 37.95pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned further recognizes that the Company Securities held by the undersigned are, or may be, subject to certain restrictions on
transferability, including those imposed by United States federal securities laws. Notwithstanding these restrictions, the undersigned
has agreed to enter into this letter agreement to further assure the Underwriters that the Company Securities of the undersigned, now
held or hereafter acquired, will not enter the public market at a time that might impair the underwriting effort.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Therefore,
as an inducement to the Underwriters to execute the Underwriting Agreement, the undersigned hereby acknowledges and agrees that the undersigned
will not, without the prior written consent of the Representative, (1) offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase
or otherwise dispose of (collectively, a &ldquo;<B>Disposition</B>&rdquo;) any Company Securities or any securities convertible into
or exercisable or exchangeable for, or any rights to purchase or otherwise acquire, any Company Securities held by the undersigned or
acquired by the undersigned after the date hereof, or that may be deemed to be beneficially owned by the undersigned (collectively, the
&ldquo;<B>Lock-Up Shares</B>&rdquo;), pursuant to the Rules and Regulations promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the &ldquo;<B>Act</B>&rdquo;), and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Act</B>&rdquo;), for a period
commencing on the date hereof and ending [90/120] days after the date of the Underwriting Agreement, inclusive (the &ldquo;<B>Lock-Up
Period</B>&rdquo;), (2) during the Lock-Up Period, exercise or seek to exercise or effectuate in any manner any rights of any nature
that the undersigned has or may have hereafter to require the Company to register under the Act the undersigned&rsquo;s Disposition of
any of the Lock-Up Shares held by the undersigned, (3) otherwise participate as a selling securityholder in any manner in any registration
of Lock-Up Shares effected by the Company under the Act, including under the Registration Statement, during the Lock-Up Period, or (4)
engage in any hedging, collar (whether or not for any consideration) or other transaction that is designed to or reasonably expected
to lead to or result in a Disposition of Lock-Up Shares during the Lock-Up Period, even if such Lock-Up Shares would be disposed of by
someone other than such holder, and such prohibited hedging or other transactions would include any short sale or any purchase, sale
or grant of any right (including any put or call option or reversal or cancellation thereof) with respect to any Lock-Up Shares or with
respect to any security (other than a broad-based market basket or index) that includes, relates to or derives any significant part of
its value from Lock-Up Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
the agreement not to make any Disposition during the Lock-Up Period, the Underwriters have agreed that the foregoing restrictions shall
not apply to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    Disposition or transfer of Lock-Up Shares to a family member, trust, or entity in which more than fifty percent of the voting interests
    are owned by the undersigned or the undersigned&rsquo;s immediate family members (as defined in General Instruction A.1(a)(5) to
    Form S-8 under the Act); </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    bona fide gift; </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    Disposition or transfer of Lock-Up Shares by will, intestate succession or by operation of law pursuant to a qualified domestic order
    or in connection with a divorce settlement; </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    transfer of Lock-Up Shares solely to cover applicable withholding taxes due upon the vesting of stock-based awards under the Company&rsquo;s
    equity compensation plans; </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    conversion or exchange of convertible or exchangeable Company Securities outstanding as of the date of this letter agreement; </FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    forfeiture or surrender to the Company of Lock-Up Shares for failure to achieve vesting requirements associated with such Lock-Up
    Shares;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dispositions
    or forfeiture of Lock-Up Shares of the undersigned or the retention of Lock-Up Shares by the Company (A) to satisfy tax withholding
    obligations in connection with the exercise of options to purchase Shares, the vesting of restricted stock units or performance shares
    or the settlement of deferred stock units of the Company or (B) in payment of the exercise or purchase price with respect to the
    exercise of options to purchase Shares, the vesting of restricted stock units or performance shares or the settlement of deferred
    stock units of the Company;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    Disposition or transfer of Lock-Up Shares pursuant to a trading plan established pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act prior
    to the date of this letter agreement; </FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 74.25pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
    Disposition or transfer of Lock-Up Shares pursuant to a bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, consolidation or other similar
    transaction that is approved by the board of directors of the Company, made to all holders of the Company Securities involving a
    Change of Control (as defined below) (including any support or voting agreement entered into in connection therewith), <I>provided
    </I>that in the event that the tender offer, merger, consolidation or other such transaction is not completed, the Lock-up Shares
    of the undersigned shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in this letter agreement; or</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">distributions,
    transfers or dispositions of Lock-up Shares (i) to another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust or other business
    entity that is an affiliate (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) of the undersigned,
    or to any investment fund or other entity controlled or managed by the undersigned or affiliates of the undersigned (collectively,
    &ldquo;Affiliates&rdquo;), or (ii) as part of a distribution, transfer or disposition without consideration by the undersigned to
    its stockholders, current or former partners (general or limited), members, beneficiaries, or other equity holders, or to the estates
    of such stockholders, partners, members, beneficiaries or other equity holders;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>provided
</I>that in the case of any transfer, gift or other disposition pursuant to the immediately preceding clauses (1) or (2), except in the
case of a bona fide gift to a charitable organization, the transferee, trust, donee or other recipient agrees to be bound in writing
by the terms of this letter agreement prior to such transfer and no filing by any party (donor, donee, transferor or transferee) under
the Exchange Act shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such transfer (other than required filings under Section
16(a) and Section 13(d) or 13(g) of the Exchange Act and any filings made after the expiration of the Lock-Up Period). For purposes of
clause (9) above, &ldquo;Change of Control&rdquo; shall mean any bona fide third-party tender offer, merger, amalgamation, consolidation
or other similar transaction the result of which would be that any &ldquo;person&rdquo; (as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange
Act), or group of persons, other than the Company, becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange
Act) of more than 50% of the total voting power of the voting stock of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.5in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Furthermore,
the undersigned may, during the Lock-Up Period, sell shares of Common Stock purchased by the undersigned on the open market following
the closing of the Offering if and only if (i) such sales are not required to be reported in any public report or filing under the Exchange
Act and (ii) the undersigned does not otherwise voluntarily effect any public report or filing regarding such sales.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">It
is understood that, if the Underwriting Agreement does not become effective on or before April 30, 2022, or if the Underwriting Agreement
(other than the provisions thereof that survive termination) shall terminate or be terminated prior to payment for and delivery of the
Shares, the obligations under this letter agreement shall automatically terminate.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
furtherance of the foregoing, the Company and its transfer agent and registrar are hereby authorized to decline to make any transfer
of Lock-Up Shares if such transfer would constitute a violation or breach of this letter agreement. This letter agreement shall be binding
on the undersigned and the respective successors, heirs, personal representatives and assigns of the undersigned. Capitalized terms used
but not defined herein have the respective meanings assigned to such terms in the Underwriting Agreement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Very
    truly yours,</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 10%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 45%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Print
    Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex99-1.htm
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="ex99-1_001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
Arena Group Announces Pricing of $30,000,000 Public Offering, Following February 9, 2022 Uplisting to the NYSE American</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NEW
YORK, </B>February 11, 2022 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) &ndash; The Arena Group Holdings, Inc., formerly known as theMaven, Inc. (NYSEAMERICAN:
AREN) (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), today announced the pricing of an underwritten public offering of 3,636,364 shares of its common stock
at a public offering price of $8.25 per share. The gross proceeds to the Company from this offering, before deducting the underwriting
discounts and commissions and other offering expenses, are expected to be approximately $30,000,000. The offering is expected to close
on February 15, 2022, subject to customary closing conditions. The Company has granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up
to an additional 545,454 shares of its common stock at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">B.
Riley Securities, Inc. is acting as the sole book-running manager and Lake Street Capital Markets, LLC is acting as lead manager and
qualified independent underwriter for the offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 9, 2022 the Company uplisted its common stock to the NYSE American, and began trading under the symbol &ldquo;AREN.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares described above are being offered by the Company pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-262111), as amended
by Pre-Effective Amendments Nos. 1, 2 and 3, previously filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;)
and subsequently declared effective by the SEC on February 10, 2022. Copies of the final prospectus relating to the offering will be
filed with the SEC and may be obtained from B. Riley Securities, Inc., Attention: Prospectus Department, 1300 17<SUP>th</SUP> St. North,
Suite 1300, Arlington, VA 22209, by telephone at (703) 312-9580 or by email at prospectuses@brileyfin.com.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
press release does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy these securities, nor shall there be any sale
of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or
qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>About
The Arena Group</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Arena Group creates robust digital destinations that delight consumers with powerful journalism and news about the things they love &ndash;
their favorite sports teams, advice on investing, the inside scoop on personal finance, and the latest on lifestyle essentials. With
powerful technology, editorial expertise, data management, and marketing savvy, the transformative company enables brands like Sports
Illustrated and TheStreet to deliver highly relevant content and experiences that consumers love. To learn more, visit www.thearenagroup.net.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Cautionary
Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
press release may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance and include, without limitation,
statements concerning the Company&rsquo;s business strategy, future revenues, market growth, capital requirements, product introductions,
expansion plans and the adequacy of its funding, and the consummation of the planned acquisition of Athlon Holdings, Inc. Other statements
contained in this press release that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. The Company has tried, wherever possible,
to identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo;
&ldquo;expects,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipates,&rdquo; &ldquo;intends,&rdquo; &ldquo;plans,&rdquo; &ldquo;believes,&rdquo; &ldquo;seeks,&rdquo;
&ldquo;estimates&rdquo; and other comparable terminology.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company cautions you that any forward-looking statements presented in this press release are based on the beliefs of, assumptions made
by, and information currently available to us. Such statements are based on assumptions, and the actual outcome will be affected by known
and unknown risks, trends, uncertainties, and factors that are beyond the Company&rsquo;s control or ability to predict. Although the
Company believes that its assumptions are reasonable, it is not guaranteeing of future performance, and some will inevitably prove to
be incorrect. As a result, the Company&rsquo;s actual future results can be expected to differ from its expectations, and those differences
may be material. Accordingly, you should use caution in relying on forward-looking statements, which are based only on known results
and trends at the time they are made, to anticipate future results or trends. Certain risks are discussed from time to time in the Company&rsquo;s
filings with the SEC, including but not limited to, its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, and any subsequently
filed quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this press release.
Except as required by law, the Company is not obligated to publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect
the events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
Arena Group Contact:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Matthew
Traub</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Andrew
Rhodes</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">DKC</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">arena@dkcnews.com</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rachael
Fink</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Communications Manager, The Arena Group</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">comms@thearenagroup.net</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>The
Arena Group Investor Contact:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rob
Fink</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FNK
IR</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">646-809-4048</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>mven@fnkir.com</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>mven-20220210_pre.xml
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.22.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140380188588168">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Feb. 10, 2022</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Feb. 10,  2022<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-12471<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">THE
ARENA GROUP HOLDINGS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000894871<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">68-0232575<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">24<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">th<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Three</a></td>
<td class="text">Floor<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">New York<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">10281<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">212<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">321-5002<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common
    Stock, par value $0.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">AREN<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSEAMER<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 3 such as an Office Park</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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MA'^I2J402YDD$0Q8(P"]UY9JQ <2+%R2#+#2#F'_<+.,ITQ.P#\SHEJ)A4R2
M$8;,D?;%$U1?/'EF7TR2&?I,$?(MYZ?;;]?=2/ )\Z]P"Q9 K_NAI!ZP2K&V
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MUWG&)63!?N9 B 5-.->VTAH9Z)L4],1V<N^U6ICI>OUI"+BG !8\X8S:H%6Z
M "R_KWLOU^8%Z5>HT4]4($3O-4GYR) X=A,URC.\3)CVD _IL>Q)%W[ZC1+0
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MRD>"QWVA6/"Z?4^&94R8K5;8(D-\S>23SF<F7MUK%0.X89AL^\U#)$W('6##
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M%Z!!<KUZ@#%H-P7B$9;FVE;V%+Y80A3'QHCTR4AH#!6ANF@?^;JU&]Q3><M/
MW!_WY%F[Y7]02P$"% ,4    " # 3DM4()OY;)V2  #*\@, "0
M    @ $     97@Q+3$N:'1M4$L! A0#%     @ P$Y+5.X#'*S(#   1#H
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C,C R,3!?<')E+GAM;%!+!08     !@ & &T!  "3S@     !

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
