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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS | NOTE 5 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS The Company calculates the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities that qualify as financial instruments and includes additional information in the notes to the consolidated financial statements when the fair value is different than the carrying value of these financial instruments. The estimated fair value of other receivables, prepaid expenses and other current assets, other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and payables to licensor approximate their carrying amounts due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments. U.S. GAAP defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. This guidance establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:
| ● | Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
| ● | Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
| ● | Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar valuation techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.
The Company has segregated all financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (at least annually) into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date in the table below. The following table provides a summary of financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands): SCHEDULE OF FAIR VALUE, ASSETS AND LIABILITIES MEASURED ON RECURRING AND NON-RECURRING BASIS
Description |  | Fair Value at September 30, 2023 |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
Recurring Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market fund |  | $ | 1,021 |  |  | $ | 1,021 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Short-term investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasury securities |  |  | 4,894 |  |  |  | 4,894 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
U.S. federal agency securities |  |  | 44,148 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 44,148 |  |  |  | — |
Total assets measured at fair value |  | $ | 50,063 |  |  | $ | 5,915 |  |  | $ | 44,148 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payable to licensor |  | $ | 4,472 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 4,472 |
Warrant liabilities |  |  | 27,122 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27,122 |
Total liabilities measured at fair value |  | $ | 31,594 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31,594 |
Description |  | Fair Value at December 31, 2022 |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
Recurring Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Money market fund |  | $ | 12,923 |  |  | $ | 12,923 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Short-term investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. treasury securities and federal agency securities |  |  | 37,932 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 37,932 |  |  |  | — |
Total assets measured at fair value |  | $ | 50,855 |  |  | $ | 12,923 |  |  | $ | 37,932 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Warrant liabilities |  |  | 19,657 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 19,657 |
Total liabilities measured at fair value |  | $ | 19,657 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,657 |
Warrant Liabilities As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding warrant liabilities related to the 2022 private placement that allow the holders to purchase 7,609,879 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $4.75 per share. The expiration date for these warrant liabilities is November 2027. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding warrant liabilities related to the 2021 public offering that allow the holders to purchase 1,788,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $9.75 per share. The expiration date for these warrant liabilities is December 2026. The common stock warrants are not indexed to the Company’s own stock and therefore have been classified as liabilities at their estimated fair value. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrant liabilities is recorded as changes in fair value of warrant liabilities in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. The following table provides a summary of the activity on the warrant liabilities (in thousands): SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITY OF WARRANT LIABILITIES
Warrant liabilities as of December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 19,657 |
Loss recognized in earnings from change in fair value |  |  | 7,465 |
Warrant liabilities as of September 30, 2023 |  | $ | 27,122 |
The warrant liabilities are valued using significant inputs not observable in the market. Accordingly, the warrant liability is measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs and are classified as Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. Fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 are sensitive to changes in the assumptions or methodology used to determine fair value and such changes could result in a significant increase or decrease in the fair value. The Company’s valuation of the common stock warrants utilized the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which incorporated assumptions and estimates to value the common stock warrants. The Company assessed these assumptions and estimates at the end of each reporting period. Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the warrants in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model are as follows: SCHEDULE OF ESTIMATE FAIR VALUE OF WARRANTS
|  | September 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Common share price |  |  | $4.21 |  |  |  | $1.72-$2.18 |
Expected term (years) |  |  | 3.21 – 4.09 |  |  |  | 3.96 – 4.84 |
Risk-free interest rate (%) |  |  | 4.56% – 4.65% |  |  |  | 3.91% – 4.01% |
Volatility (%) |  |  | 100.00% – 106.99% |  |  |  | 102.40% – 107.55% |
Expected dividend yield (%) |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 0% |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 + Details
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