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Employee plans (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value Assumptions on Stock Options | The fair value of stock option awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions and weighted-average fair values as follows:
Year Ended December 31 |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |
Weighted-average fair value of grant |  | $ | 8.92 |  |  | $ | 11.24 |  |  | $ | 8.79 |
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 1.28 | % |  |  | 1.04 | % |  |  | .54 | %
Expected volatility |  |  | 45.46 | % |  |  | 45.65 | % |  |  | 50.19 | %
Expected life of options in years |  |  | 4.92 |  |  |  | 3.71 |  |  |  | 3.69 |
Expected dividend yield |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |
Summary of Stock Option Activity | A summary of stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows (shares in thousands):
Options |  | Shares |  |  | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (years) |  |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value ($ in millions) |
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 |  |  | 2,816 |  |  | $ | 29.51 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Granted |  |  | 743 |  |  |  | 23.21 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | (190 | ) |  |  | 19.53 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited and expired |  |  | (646 | ) |  |  | 32.10 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 2,723 |  |  |  | 27.88 |  |  |  | 2.75 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |
Expected to vest at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 1,281 |  |  |  | 26.23 |  |  |  | 4.18 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |
Exercisable at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 1,398 |  |  |  | 29.51 |  |  |  | 1.36 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |
Summary of Restricted Stock Unit Activity | A summary of restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows (shares in thousands):
|  | Restricted Stock Units |  |  | Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value |
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 |  |  | 354 |  |  | $ | 28.81 |
Granted |  |  | 452 |  |  |  | 22.52 |
Vested |  |  | (87 | ) |  |  | 23.85 |
Forfeited and expired |  |  | (250 | ) |  |  | 29.01 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 469 |  |  |  | 23.57 |
Schedule of Accumulated Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets | Information for defined benefit retirement plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2015 and 2014 follows:
December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Accumulated benefit obligation |  | $ | 7,231.2 |  |  | $ | 8,412.6 |
Fair value of plan assets |  |  | 5,228.6 |  |  |  | 6,167.2 |
Schedule of Projected Benefit Obligation in Excess of Plan Assets | Information for defined benefit retirement plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets at December 31, 2015 and 2014 follows:
December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Projected benefit obligation |  | $ | 7,235.4 |  |  | $ | 8,417.9 |
Fair value of plan assets |  |  | 5,228.6 |  |  |  | 6,167.2 |
Company's Investment Policy Targets and Ranges for Each Asset Category | The company’s investment policy targets and ranges for each asset category are as follows:
|  | U.S. |  |  | Int’l. |
Asset Category |  | Target |  |  | Range |  |  | Target |  |  | Range |
Equity securities |  |  | 58% |  |  |  | 52-64% |  |  |  | 39% |  |  |  | 33-45% |
Debt securities |  |  | 36% |  |  |  | 33-39% |  |  |  | 54% |  |  |  | 47-61% |
Real estate |  |  | 6% |  |  |  | 3-9% |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | 0-3% |
Cash |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 0-5% |  |  |  | 1% |  |  |  | 0-5% |
Other |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 0% |  |  |  | 5% |  |  |  | 0-10% |
Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates |
Assumed health care cost trend rates at December 31 |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year |  |  | 6.1 | % |  |  | 6.4 | %
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate) |  |  | 4.8 | % |  |  | 4.8 | %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate |  |  | 2023 |  |  |  | 2023 |
Effect of One-Percentage-Point Change in Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates | A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects (in millions of dollars):
|  | 1-Percentage- Point Increase |  |  | 1-Percentage- Point Decrease |
Effect on service and interest cost |  | $ | .1 |  |  | $ | (.2 | )
Effect on postretirement benefit obligation |  |  | 3.4 |  |  |  | (3.5 | )
Schedule of Plans' Assets (Liabilities) at Fair Value | The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the plans’ assets (liabilities) at fair value at December 31, 2015.
|  | U.S. Plans |  |  | International Plans |
December 31, 2015 (millions) |  | Fair Value |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
Pension plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stocks |  | $ | 1,686.4 |  |  | $ | 1,680.6 |  |  | $ | 5.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | .6 |  |  | $ | .6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commingled Funds |  |  | 411.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 411.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 956.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 956.1 |  |  |  |  |
Debt Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Govt. Securities |  |  | 162.2 |  |  |  | 162.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Fixed Income |  |  | 974.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 974.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 248.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 248.5 |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 120.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 120.6 |
Commingled Funds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 905.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 905.4 |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate Investment Trusts |  |  | 170.7 |  |  |  | 170.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | .7 |  |  |  | .7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate |  |  | 37.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 37.6 |  |  |  | 41.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 41.8 |
Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives |  |  | .8 |  |  |  | .3 |  |  |  | .5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.0 |  |  |  |  |
Private Equity |  |  | 7.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commingled Funds |  |  | 105.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 105.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 188.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 118.4 |  |  |  | 70.3 |
Pooled Funds |  |  | 263.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 263.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27.4 |  |  |  | 27.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Receivables |  |  | 77.1 |  |  |  | 77.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payables |  |  | (139.9 | ) |  |  | (139.9 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 3,759.4 |  |  | $ | 1,952.9 |  |  | $ | 1,761.3 |  |  | $ | 45.2 |  |  | $ | 2,496.8 |  |  | $ | 28.7 |  |  | $ | 2,235.4 |  |  | $ | 232.7 |
Other postretirement plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  | $ | 7.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the plans’ assets (liabilities) at fair value at December 31, 2014.
|  | U.S. Plans |  |  | International Plans |
December 31, 2014 (millions) |  | Fair Value |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
Pension plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common Stocks |  | $ | 1,837.4 |  |  | $ | 1,831.6 |  |  | $ | 5.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commingled Funds |  |  | 461.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 461.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,054.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,054.8 |  |  |  |  |
Debt Securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. and UK Govt. Securities |  |  | 176.9 |  |  |  | 176.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other Fixed Income |  |  | 1,025.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,025.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 330.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 330.4 |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  |  | 17.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 17.4 |  |  |  | 135.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 135.5 |
Commingled Funds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 991.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 991.1 |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate Investment Trusts |  |  | 169.1 |  |  |  | 169.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate |  |  | 34.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 34.2 |  |  |  | 40.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 40.8 |
Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives |  |  | 18.2 |  |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  | 12.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7.2 |  |  |  |  |
Private Equity |  |  | 12.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 12.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commingled Funds |  |  | 102.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 102.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 136.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 85.8 |  |  |  | 50.7 |
Pooled Funds |  |  | 297.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 297.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  |  |
Cash |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  |  | (1.3 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18.6 |  |  |  | 18.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Receivables |  |  | 77.4 |  |  |  | 77.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Payables |  |  | (158.6 | ) |  |  | (158.6 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (.1 | ) |  |  | (.1 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 4,069.7 |  |  | $ | 2,101.0 |  |  | $ | 1,904.3 |  |  | $ | 64.4 |  |  | $ | 2,718.9 |  |  | $ | 21.4 |  |  | $ | 2,470.5 |  |  | $ | 227.0 |
Other postretirement plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  | $ | 7.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pooled Funds |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 9.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | $ | 7.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Summary of Changes in the Fair Value of the Plans' Level 3 Assets | The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the plans’ Level 3 assets for the year ended December 31, 2015.
(millions) |  |  | January 1, 2015 |  |  |  | Realized gains (losses) |  |  |  | Purchases or acquisitions |  |  |  | Sales or dispositions |  |  |  | Currency and unrealized gains (losses) relating to instruments still held at December 31, 2015 |  |  |  | December 31, 2015 |
U.S. plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension plan |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate |  | $ | 34.2 |  |  | $ | .1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (.1 | ) |  | $ | 3.4 |  |  | $ | 37.6 |
Private Equity |  |  | 12.8 |  |  |  | (8.2 | ) |  | $ | .2 |  |  |  | (6.6 | ) |  |  | 9.4 |  |  |  | 7.6 |
Insurance Contracts |  |  | 17.4 |  |  |  | (.4 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (16.6 | ) |  |  | (.4 | ) |  |  | – |
Total |  | $ | 64.4 |  |  | $ | (8.5 | ) |  | $ | .2 |  |  | $ | (23.3 | ) |  | $ | 12.4 |  |  | $ | 45.2 |
Other postretirement plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  | $ | 7.3 |  |  | $ | (.1 | ) |  | $ | .5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.7 |
International pension plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  | $ | 135.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 9.4 |  |  | $ | (10.9 | ) |  | $ | (13.4 | ) |  | $ | 120.6 |
Real Estate |  |  | 40.8 |  |  | $ | .2 |  |  |  | 6.1 |  |  |  | (5.9 | ) |  |  | .6 |  |  |  | 41.8 |
Commingled Funds |  |  | 50.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 23.0 |  |  |  | (.4 | ) |  |  | (3.0 | ) |  |  | 70.3 |
Total |  | $ | 227.0 |  |  | $ | .2 |  |  | $ | 38.5 |  |  | $ | (17.2 | ) |  | $ | (15.8 | ) |  | $ | 232.7 |
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of the plans’ Level 3 assets for the year ended December 31, 2014.
(millions) |  |  | January 1, 2014 |  |  |  | Realized gains (losses) |  |  |  | Purchases or acquisitions |  |  |  | Sales or dispositions |  |  |  | Currency and unrealized gains (losses) relating to instruments still held at December 31, 2014 |  |  |  | December 31, 2014 |
U.S. plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension plan |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real Estate |  | $ | 34.7 |  |  | $ | 4.7 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (4.9 | ) |  | $ | (.3 | ) |  | $ | 34.2 |
Private Equity |  |  | 16.5 |  |  |  | (24.4 | ) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (6.7 | ) |  |  | 27.4 |  |  |  | 12.8 |
Insurance Contracts |  |  | 79.5 |  |  |  | .1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (63.0 | ) |  |  | .8 |  |  |  | 17.4 |
Total |  | $ | 130.7 |  |  | $ | (19.6 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | $ | (74.6 | ) |  | $ | 27.9 |  |  | $ | 64.4 |
Other postretirement plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  | $ | 7.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | .2 |  |  | $ | (.4 | ) |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.3 |
International pension plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Insurance Contracts |  | $ | 151.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.0 |  |  | $ | (13.0 | ) |  | $ | (9.8 | ) |  | $ | 135.5 |
Real Estate |  |  | 42.8 |  |  | $ | (.2 | ) |  |  | 15.3 |  |  |  | (15.5 | ) |  |  | (1.6 | ) |  |  | 40.8 |
Commingled Funds |  |  | 50.2 |  |  |  | .1 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | (.3 | ) |  |  | (.3 | ) |  |  | 50.7 |
Total |  | $ | 244.3 |  |  | $ | (.1 | ) |  | $ | 23.3 |  |  | $ | (28.8 | ) |  | $ | (11.7 | ) |  | $ | 227.0 |
Pension Plans |
Funded Status of the Plan and Amounts Recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheet | Retirement plans’ funded status and amounts recognized in the company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2015 and 2014 follow:
|  | U.S. Plans |  |  | International Plans |
December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Change in projected benefit obligation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | $ | 5,665.5 |  |  | $ | 5,158.8 |  |  | $ | 3,354.9 |  |  | $ | 3,059.2 |
Service cost |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | 8.7 |  |  |  | 8.4 |
Interest cost |  |  | 224.1 |  |  |  | 248.3 |  |  |  | 94.1 |  |  |  | 117.9 |
Plan participants’ contributions |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | 3.1 |
Plan amendment |  |  | (2.7 | ) |  |  | (46.3 | ) |  |  | (32.3 | ) |  |  | (1.0 | )
Plan curtailment |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | (.3 | )
Actuarial loss (gain) |  |  | (285.0 | ) |  |  | 670.0 |  |  |  | (79.5 | ) |  |  | 559.4 |
Benefits paid |  |  | (370.5 | ) |  |  | (365.3 | ) |  |  | (112.8 | ) |  |  | (115.4 | )
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | (247.8 | ) |  |  | (276.4 | )
Benefit obligation at end of year |  | $ | 5,231.4 |  |  | $ | 5,665.5 |  |  | $ | 2,987.8 |  |  | $ | 3,354.9 |
Change in plan assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | $ | 4,069.7 |  |  | $ | 4,048.0 |  |  | $ | 2,718.9 |  |  | $ | 2,681.8 |
Actual return on plan assets |  |  | (5.6 | ) |  |  | 299.9 |  |  |  | 18.6 |  |  |  | 278.0 |
Employer contribution |  |  | 65.8 |  |  |  | 87.1 |  |  |  | 82.5 |  |  |  | 96.3 |
Plan participants’ contributions |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  | 3.1 |
Benefits paid |  |  | (370.5 | ) |  |  | (365.3 | ) |  |  | (112.8 | ) |  |  | (115.4 | )
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | (212.9 | ) |  |  | (224.9 | )
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |  | $ | 3,759.4 |  |  | $ | 4,069.7 |  |  | $ | 2,496.8 |  |  | $ | 2,718.9 |
Funded status at end of year |  | $ | (1,472.0 | ) |  | $ | (1,595.8 | ) |  | $ | (491.0 | ) |  | $ | (636.0 | )
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid postretirement assets |  | $ | – |  |  | $ | – |  |  | $ | 43.8 |  |  | $ | 18.9 |
Other accrued liabilities |  |  | (6.8 | ) |  |  | (6.9 | ) |  |  | (.2 | ) |  |  | (.2 | )
Long-term postretirement liabilities |  |  | (1,465.2 | ) |  |  | (1,588.9 | ) |  |  | (534.6 | ) |  |  | (654.7 | )
Total funded status |  | $ | (1,472.0 | ) |  | $ | (1,595.8 | ) |  | $ | (491.0 | ) |  | $ | (636.0 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | 2,816.2 |  |  | $ | 2,973.5 |  |  | $ | 1,018.6 |  |  | $ | 1,076.1 |
Prior service (credit) cost |  | $ | (44.9 | ) |  | $ | (44.5 | ) |  | $ | (35.8 | ) |  | $ | (12.8 | )
Accumulated benefit obligation |  | $ | 5,231.4 |  |  | $ | 5,665.5 |  |  | $ | 2,983.1 |  |  | $ | 3,349.3 |
Components of Net Periodic Benefit (Income) Cost | Net periodic pension cost for 2015, 2014 and 2013 includes the following components:
|  | U.S. Plans |  |  | International Plans |
Year ended December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |
Service cost |  | $ | – |  |  | $ | – |  |  | $ | – |  |  | $ | 8.7 |  |  | $ | 8.4 |  |  | $ | 10.4 |
Interest cost |  |  | 224.1 |  |  |  | 248.3 |  |  |  | 220.4 |  |  |  | 94.1 |  |  |  | 117.9 |  |  |  | 106.6 |
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | (254.8 | ) |  |  | (287.1 | ) |  |  | (291.5 | ) |  |  | (155.4 | ) |  |  | (160.5 | ) |  |  | (141.9 | )
Amortization of prior service (credit) |  |  | (2.4 | ) |  |  | (.4 | ) |  |  | .7 |  |  |  | (1.9 | ) |  |  | (2.1 | ) |  |  | (2.1 | )
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 132.7 |  |  |  | 109.7 |  |  |  | 139.0 |  |  |  | 63.6 |  |  |  | 40.2 |  |  |  | 51.9 |
Curtailment gain |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | – |  |  |  | (.6 | ) |  |  | – |
Net periodic pension cost |  | $ | 99.6 |  |  | $ | 70.5 |  |  | $ | 68.6 |  |  | $ | 9.1 |  |  | $ | 3.3 |  |  | $ | 24.9 |
Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions |
|  | U.S. Plans |  |  | International Plans |
Year ended December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |  |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic pension cost for the years ended December 31 were as follows: |
Discount rate |  |  | 4.09 | % |  |  | 5.02 | % |  |  | 4.01 | % |  |  | 3.05 | % |  |  | 4.15 | % |  |  | 3.92 | %
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 1.68 | % |  |  | 2.08 | % |  |  | 2.06 | %
Expected long-term rate of return on assets |  |  | 6.80 | % |  |  | 7.72 | % |  |  | 8.00 | % |  |  | 6.45 | % |  |  | 6.45 | % |  |  | 6.40 | %
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 were as follows: |
Discount rate |  |  | 4.56 | % |  |  | 4.09 | % |  |  | 5.02 | % |  |  | 3.30 | % |  |  | 3.05 | % |  |  | 4.15 | %
Rate of compensation increase |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | N/A |  |  |  | 1.68 | % |  |  | 1.68 | % |  |  | 2.08 | %
Expected Future Benefit Payments | As of December 31, 2015, the following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service where applicable, are expected to be paid from the defined benefit pension plans:
Year ending December 31 (millions) |  | U.S. |  |  | Int’l. |
2016 |  | $ | 361.8 |  |  | $ | 104.6 |
2017 |  |  | 362.6 |  |  |  | 105.6 |
2018 |  |  | 362.9 |  |  |  | 107.1 |
2019 |  |  | 363.5 |  |  |  | 109.3 |
2020 |  |  | 364.5 |  |  |  | 110.8 |
2021 - 2025 |  |  | 1,814.7 |  |  |  | 573.9 |
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans |
Funded Status of the Plan and Amounts Recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheet | Other postretirement benefits A reconciliation of the benefit obligation, fair value of the plan assets and the funded status of the postretirement benefit plan at December 31, 2015 and 2014, follows:
December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Change in accumulated benefit obligation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | $ | 150.0 |  |  | $ | 159.7 |
Service cost |  |  | .6 |  |  |  | .6 |
Interest cost |  |  | 6.9 |  |  |  | 7.6 |
Plan participants’ contributions |  |  | 4.2 |  |  |  | 4.6 |
Actuarial gain |  |  | (8.0 | ) |  |  | (2.4 | )
Federal drug subsidy |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  | 1.4 |
Benefits paid |  |  | (21.4 | ) |  |  | (20.0 | )
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | (1.5 | )
Benefit obligation at end of year |  | $ | 131.5 |  |  | $ | 150.0 |
Change in plan assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | $ | 9.1 |  |  | $ | 9.2 |
Actual return on plan assets |  |  | (.1 | ) |  |  | – |
Employer contributions |  |  | 15.9 |  |  |  | 15.3 |
Plan participants’ contributions |  |  | 4.2 |  |  |  | 4.6 |
Benefits paid |  |  | (21.4 | ) |  |  | (20.0 | )
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |  | $ | 7.7 |  |  | $ | 9.1 |
Funded status at end of year |  | $ | (123.8 | ) |  | $ | (140.9 | )
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prepaid postretirement assets |  | $ | 1.3 |  |  | $ | 1.0 |
Other accrued liabilities |  |  | (13.7 | ) |  |  | (15.6 | )
Long-term postretirement liabilities |  |  | (111.4 | ) |  |  | (126.3 | )
Total funded status |  | $ | (123.8 | ) |  | $ | (140.9 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss |  | $ | 21.3 |  |  | $ | 32.0 |
Prior service cost |  |  | .1 |  |  |  | 1.2 |
Components of Net Periodic Benefit (Income) Cost | Net periodic postretirement benefit cost for 2015, 2014 and 2013, follows:
Year ended December 31 (millions) |  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |  |  | 2013 |
Service cost |  | $ | .6 |  |  | $ | .6 |  |  | $ | .6 |
Interest cost |  |  | 6.9 |  |  |  | 7.6 |  |  |  | 7.9 |
Expected return on assets |  |  | (.4 | ) |  |  | (.5 | ) |  |  | (.5 | )
Amortization of prior service cost |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  | 1.8 |
Recognized net actuarial loss |  |  | 1.8 |  |  |  | 1.7 |  |  |  | 4.5 |
Net periodic benefit cost |  | $ | 10.0 |  |  | $ | 11.1 |  |  | $ | 14.3 |
Schedule of Weighted-Average Assumptions | Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic postretirement benefit cost for the years ended December 31 were as follows:
Discount rate |  |  | 5.27 | % |  |  | 5.86 | % |  |  | 5.15 | %
Expected return on plan assets |  |  | 5.50 | % |  |  | 6.75 | % |  |  | 6.75 | %
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligation at December 31 were as follows:
Discount rate |  |  | 5.61 | % |  |  | 5.27 | % |  |  | 5.86 | %
Expected Future Benefit Payments | As of December 31, 2015, the following benefits are expected to be paid to or from the company’s postretirement plan:
Year ending December 31 (millions) |  | Gross Medicare Part D Receipts |  |  | Gross Expected Payments |
2016 |  | $ | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 15.9 |
2017 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | 15.4 |
2018 |  |  | .9 |  |  |  | 14.7 |
2019 |  |  | .8 |  |  |  | 14.0 |
2020 |  |  | .7 |  |  |  | 13.1 |
2021 – 2025 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  |  | 46.2 |

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